Dispersed mobile-phase countercurrent chromatography

    公开(公告)号:US10675558B2

    公开(公告)日:2020-06-09

    申请号:US15487845

    申请日:2017-04-14

    摘要: A dispersed mobile-phase countercurrent chromatography system is described in which solutes are carried by a stream of dispersed mobile phase solvent through a column, or array of serially-connected columns, of stationary phase solvent with which the mobile phase solvent is immiscible. Solutes carried along by the stream of dispersed mobile-phase solvent will be equilibrated between the mobile-phase solvent and the stationary-phase solvent. Because the mobile-phase is dispersed into mini-droplets much smaller in diameter than the column of stationary phase, the enhanced surface/volume ratio of the droplets expedites countercurrent equilibration of different solutes between the mobile-phase solvent and the stationary-phase solvent in accordance with the distribution-coefficients of the solutes between the two solvents. As a result, a solute with a distribution coefficient that favors its dissolving in the stationary phase will be retarded in its migration through the columns compared to a solute with a distribution coefficient that favors its dissolving in the mobile phase. The different migration rates of different solutes bring about their chromatographic separation on the columns, effectively combining the advantages of countercurrent distribution (e.g., elimination of any solid chromatographic matrix, and therefore losses of solutes due to adsorption to the solid matrix and contamination of separated solutes by impurities leached from the solid matrix) and liquid column chromatography (e.g., continuous mode of operation, and scalable from analytical to large industrial separations without any centrifugal or discontinuous mechanical steps).

    HYBRID MEMRISTOR/FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTOR MEMORY CELL AND ITS INFORMATION ENCODING SCHEME

    公开(公告)号:US20200161373A1

    公开(公告)日:2020-05-21

    申请号:US16630195

    申请日:2018-07-11

    IPC分类号: H01L27/24 G11C13/00

    摘要: A resistive random-access memory (ReRAM) includes a hybrid memory cell. The hybrid memory cell includes: (a) a left resistance-switching device comprising a first terminal and a second terminal, (b) a right resistance-switching device comprising a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal of the right resistance-switching device is connected to the first terminal of the left-resistive switching device at an internal node, and (c) a transistor comprising a source terminal, a drain terminal, and a gate terminal, wherein the drain terminal of the transistor is connected to the left resistance-switching device and the right resistance-switching device at the internal node.

    Sensor fusion using inertial and image sensors

    公开(公告)号:US10565732B2

    公开(公告)日:2020-02-18

    申请号:US15289354

    申请日:2016-10-10

    摘要: Systems, methods, and devices are provided for controlling a movable object using multiple sensors. In one aspect, a method for calibrating one or more extrinsic parameters of a movable object having a plurality of sensors in an initial configuration is provided. The method can comprise: detecting that the initial configuration of the plurality of sensors has been modified; receiving inertial data from at least one inertial sensor during operation of the movable object; receiving image data from at least two image sensors during the operation of the movable object; and estimating the one or more extrinsic parameters based on the inertial data and the image data in response to detecting that the initial configuration has been modified, wherein the one or more extrinsic parameters comprise spatial relationships between the plurality of sensors in the modified configuration.