Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method of controllably breaking an aqueous based viscosified fluid containing a gel stabilizer such as sodium thiosulfate, when the fluid is within a subterranean formation having a temperature above about 175.degree. F. The method is accomplished by the incorporation of a particular selected breaker comprising an alkali metal chlorite or hypochlorite in the viscosified fluid containing the gel stabilizer. The method is particularly effective in providing a controlled break in a treatment fluid introduced into a subterranean formation having a static temperature in the range of from about 200.degree. F. to about 300.degree. F.
Abstract:
A precipitation control additive composition, an acidizing composition for treating a sour well and a method of treating a sour well are provided. An iron sequestering agent and a sulfide modifier are added to a treating solution. The iron sequestering agent combines with iron present in the solution while the sulfide modifier combines with sulfides present in the solution. By combining with both iron and sulfides present in the solution, the combination of an iron sequestering agent and a sulfide modifier effectively inhibits precipitation of ferric hydroxide, ferrous sulfide and free sulfur from the solution. As a result, formation and other serious damage is prevented.
Abstract:
A precipitation control additive composition, an acidizing composition for treating a sour well and a method of treating a sour well are provided. An iron sequestering agent, such as aminopolycarboxylic acids, hydroxycarboxylic acids, cyclic polyethers, and derivatives thereof and a sulfide modifier, such as aldehyde, acetal, hemiacetal, and many other compounds capable of forming aldehydes in solution are added to a treating solution. The iron sequestering agent cobines with iron present in the solution while the sulfide modifier combines with sulfides present in the solution. By combining with both iron and sulfides present in the solution, the combination of an iron sequestering agent and a sulfide modifier effectively inhibits precipitation of ferric hydroxide, ferrous sulfide and free sulfur from the solution. As a result, formation and other serious damage is prevented.
Abstract:
A method and composition for stimulating subterranean formations containing iron deposits. The composition comprises an admixture of (i) at least one member selected from the group consisting of hydroxylamine hydrochloride, hydroxylamine hydrobromide, hydroxylamine sulfate, hydrazine monohydrochloride, hydrazine dihydrochloride, hydrazine sulfate, hydrazine monobromide, hydrazine dibromide, hydrazine monoiodide, hydrazine diiodide and hydroquinone together with (ii) at least one member selected from the group consisting of gluconodeltalactone, citric acid, salts of citric acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, salts of ethylenediamianetetraacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, salts of nitrilotriacetic acid, hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetic acid, and salts of hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetic acid and (iii) a catalytic amount of a solubilized salt of a compound capable of providing cupric, cuprous, nickel, zinc ions or mixtures thereof. The method comprises contacting the subterranean formation in an appropriate manner with the above-described composition present in an amount sufficient to sequester iron. When the treating fluid used in stimulating the subterranean formation is substantially non-acidic, the compounds of group (ii), above, can be omitted from the above-described composition and iron still is sequestered.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method of acidizing a subterranean formation or well bore employing an acidic solution containing a corrosion inhibitor composition comprising an inhibiting effective amount of an acetylenic alcohol, a quaternary ammonium compound, an aromatic hydrocarbon and an antimony compound.
Abstract:
A converter converts an existing bulk bag unloader to a bulk cargo receiver that eliminates the use of bulk bags. The converter enables the unloader to receive a continuous feed of bulk cargo without any interruptions such as those needed to unload emptied bulk bags and reload the unloader with full bulk bags.
Abstract:
Aldehydes useful as H2S sulfide scavengers may be corrosive to some metals such as steel, iron and aluminum, but the corrosive effect of the aldehydes may be mitigated by employing a corrosion inhibitor selected from the group consisting of a di-basic soluble phosphate salt, a tri-basic soluble phosphate salt, a phosphate ester, a thiophosphate ester, a thioamine, a Mannich Reaction Product, and combinations thereof.
Abstract:
A modular plastic extrusion apparatus has several component parts. The design of the integration of those parts into a modular extrusion system is unique. Said design allows for rapid assembly, testing, disassembly and placement into production of extruded plastics. This modular plastic extrusion apparatus has several components with replaceable counterparts that, after one product line of a particular color has been extruded by the apparatus, enable the component parts used to produce the particular color extrusion to be removed from the apparatus and replaced with their clean counterparts to continue producing an extrusion product line of a different color while the removed components are cleaned off line.
Abstract:
A method of data transmission according to one embodiment of the invention includes encoding a set of data values to produce a corresponding series of ordered n-tuples. The method also includes transmitting, according to the series of ordered n-tuples, a plurality of bursts over a plurality n of frequency bands. Specifically, for each of the plurality of bursts, a frequency band occupied by the burst is indicated by the order within its n-tuple of an element corresponding to the burst. A bandwidth of at least one of the plurality of bursts is at least two percent of the center frequency of the burst. Information is encoded into a polarity of at least one of the plurality of bursts.
Abstract:
A garment hanger for use in a garment treatment device or garment storage container includes a hook, a bow and a pair of garment clamps. The garment clamps each include a cam-like clothes gripping arrangement in which a cam is pivotally mounted within a channel and further include a release arm for opening the clamp and a spring for bringing the cam into engagement onto the garment. The cam positively grips the garment, using a series of raised ribs having a incrementally decreasing spacing for graduated engagement of the garment. Opposite the cam within the channel, a high friction surface aids garment retention.