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21.发明授权Logarithmic light intensifier for use with photoreceptor-based implanted retinal prosthetics and those prosthetics 有权用于光感受器植入的视网膜假体和那些假肢的对数光增强器公开(公告)号：US06507758B1
公开(公告)日：2003-01-14
申请号：US09515383
申请日：2000-02-29
IPC分类号： A61N118
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61F9/08
摘要： This invention is for directly modulating a beam of photons onto the retinas of patients who have extreme vision impairment or blindness. Its purpose is to supply enough imaging energy to retinal prosthetics implanted in the eye which operate essentially by having light (external to the eye) activating photoreceptors, or photo-electrical material. The invention provides sufficient light amplification and does it logarithmically. While it has sufficient output light power, the output light level still remains at a safe level. Most preferred embodiments of this invention provide balanced biphasic stimulation with no net charge injection into the eye. Both optical and electronic magnification for the image, as for example, using an optical zoom lens, is incorporated. Otherwise, it would not be feasible to zoom in on items of particular interest or necessity. Without proper adjustment, improper threshold amplitudes would obtain, as well as uncomfortable maximum thresholds. Therefore, to adjust for these, a way of proper adjustment for the threshold amplitudes and maximum comfortable thresholds is provided. Furthermore, to the extent that individual stimulation sites in the retina give different color perceptions, upon stimulation, then colors of the viewed scene is correlated with specific stimulation sites to provide a certain amount of color vision.
摘要翻译： 本发明用于将光束束直接调制到具有极端视力障碍或失明的患者的视网膜上。 其目的是为植入眼睛的视网膜假体提供足够的成像能量，其基本上通过使光（外部的眼睛）激活感光器或光电材料。 本发明提供足够的光放大，并且它是对数的。 虽然它具有足够的输出光功率，但输出光级仍然保持在一个安全的水平。 本发明最优选的实施方案提供平衡的双相刺激，而没有净电荷注入眼睛。 包括用于图像的光学和电子倍率，例如使用光学变焦透镜。 否则，放大特别感兴趣或必要的项目是不可行的。 没有适当的调整，不正确的阈值振幅将获得，以及不舒适的最大阈值。 因此，为了适应这些，提供了适当调整阈值振幅和最大舒适阈值的方法。 此外，在视网膜中的个别刺激部位产生不同的颜色感觉的情况下，在刺激时，所观看场景的颜色与特定刺激部位相关联，以提供一定量的色觉。
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22.发明授权Implantable stimulator that prevents DC current flow without the use of discrete output coupling capacitors 失效可植入式刺激器，可防止直流电流流动而不使用离散输出耦合电容
公开(公告)号：US06035237A
公开(公告)日：2000-03-07
申请号：US447455
申请日：1995-05-23
CPC分类号： A61N1/36142 , A61N1/36125
摘要： An implantable living tissue stimulator avoids the use of conventional coupling capacitors in its output stage, yet still prevents an average dc current flow from flowing through living tissue in electrical contact with the stimulator. The output stage generates and applies a biphasic stimulating current pulse to selected paired output terminals. The terminals, in turn, are electrically connected to respective electrodes which are positioned so as to contact the living tissue to be stimulated. In one embodiment, special circuitry is employed within the output stage to block dc current flow through the living tissue and to balance the electrical charge that is delivered to the living tissue. In another embodiment, the electrodes themselves are made from a material that allows them to function as a capacitor. In yet an additional embodiment, the coupling capacitors are integrated into the leads that connect the output terminals of the output stage with the electrodes.
摘要翻译： 植入式生物组织刺激器避免了在其输出阶段使用传统的耦合电容器，但仍然阻止平均直流电流流过活组织与刺激器电接触。 输出级产生并将双相刺激电流脉冲施加到选定的配对输出端子。 这些端子又电连接到相应的电极，这些电极定位成接触待刺激的生物体组织。 在一个实施例中，在输出级内采用特殊电路来阻止直流电流流过活组织并平衡输送到生物体组织的电荷。 在另一个实施例中，电极本身由允许它们用作电容器的材料制成。 在又一个实施例中，耦合电容器集成到将输出级的输出端与电极连接的引线中。
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公开(公告)号：US5660163A
公开(公告)日：1997-08-26
申请号：US444300
申请日：1995-05-18
申请人： Joseph H. Schulman , Orville Rey Rule, III , David I. Whitmoyer , Ronald J. Lebel , Joseph Y. Lucisano , Alfred E. Mann
发明人： Joseph H. Schulman , Orville Rey Rule, III , David I. Whitmoyer , Ronald J. Lebel , Joseph Y. Lucisano , Alfred E. Mann
IPC分类号： A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/14865 , A61B5/1495 , A61B5/6849 , A61B2562/08 , A61B5/742
摘要： A glucose monitoring system continuously measures the glucose concentration in a patient's blood, provides an indication of the rate of change of such concentration, and determines whether the measured concentration and rate of change are within certain preset limits. If not, an audible and/or visual alarm signal is generated. The glucose monitoring system includes a glucose sensor adapted to be inserted into the venous system of the patient, where it responds to blood glucose and produces sensor signals related to the glucose concentration. The sensor signals are delivered through a suitable interconnect cable to a glucose monitor. In one embodiment, the interconnect cable includes a contactless connector that electrically isolates the glucose sensor from the monitor, and reduces the number of conductors required to interface with a plurality of sensors. The glucose monitor interprets the sensor signals by applying a previously determined calibration to quantitatively determine the blood glucose value. The blood glucose value thus determined is then processed in order to determine the rate of change, is stored (to create a history or record), and may also be displayed in large, easy-to-read numerals. Rate of change information (trend) may also be numerically or graphically displayed.
摘要翻译： 葡萄糖监测系统连续测量患者血液中的葡萄糖浓度，提供这种浓度变化率的指示，并确定测量的浓度和变化率是否在某些预设限度内。 如果没有，则产生声音和/或视觉报警信号。 葡萄糖监测系统包括适于插入患者静脉系统中的葡萄糖传感器，其响应于血糖并产生与葡萄糖浓度相关的传感器信号。 传感器信号通过合适的互连电缆传送到葡萄糖监测器。 在一个实施例中，互连电缆包括非接触式连接器，其将葡萄糖传感器与监视器电隔离，并且减少与多个传感器接合所需的导体的数量。 葡萄糖监测器通过应用预先确定的校准来定量地确定血糖值来解释传感器信号。 然后处理如此确定的血糖值以确定变化率，存储（创建历史或记录），并且还可以以大的易于阅读的数字显示。 变化率信息（趋势）也可以数字或图形显示。
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公开(公告)号：US5584869A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-17
申请号：US388193
申请日：1995-02-13
CPC分类号： A61N1/36032 , H04R25/505
摘要： A system and method for detecting failures in an auditory stimulation device includes, in one embodiment, a microphone; a signal processor; a supercutaneous transmitter; a subcutaneous receiver; a subcutaneous transmitter; and a supercutaneous receiver. The signal processor generates a stimulation signal in response to the microphone detecting an audio signal, and the supercutaneous transmitter couples the stimulation signal through a skin surface of a patient. The subcutaneous receiver receives the stimulation signal, and the subcutaneous transmitter generates a feedback signal in response to receipt of the stimulation signal by the subcutaneous receiver. The supercutaneous receiver receives the feedback signal. In one variation of the embodiment, the signal processor generates an alarm signal when the feedback signal is not received. In another variation of the embodiment, the signal processor analyzes differences between the stimulation signal and the feedback signal, and generates a difference signal indicative of the differences between the stimulation signal and the feedback signal. The signal processor then generates the alarm signal in the event the difference signal indicates the differences exceed a prescribed threshold.
摘要翻译： 用于检测听觉刺激装置中的故障的系统和方法在一个实施例中包括麦克风; 一个信号处理器; 超声波发射机; 皮下接收器 皮下发射器; 和超吸收接收器。 信号处理器响应于麦克风检测音频信号而产生刺激信号，并且超级发射器将刺激信号通过患者的皮肤表面耦合。 皮下接收器接收刺激信号，并且皮下发射器响应于皮下接收器接收到刺激信号而产生反馈信号。 超级皮肤接收器接收反馈信号。 在本实施例的一个变型中，当没有接收到反馈信号时，信号处理器产生报警信号。 在本实施例的另一变型中，信号处理器分析刺激信号和反馈信号之间的差异，并产生指示刺激信号和反馈信号之间的差异的差信号。 然后，信号处理器在差分信号指示差超过规定阈值的情况下产生报警信号。
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公开(公告)号：US5522865A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-04
申请号：US322068
申请日：1994-10-12
CPC分类号： A61N1/36032 , A61N1/36185 , A61N1/37252 , H04R25/505 , H04R2460/03
摘要： A tissue stimulating system includes an external transmitter for transmitting a data signal to an implanted stimulator. The implanted stimulator includes a processor for generating stimulation signals for application to a plurality of tissue stimulating electrodes through respective isolated output channels. The implanted stimulator also includes a power supply that extracts a raw power signal from the data signal. A voltage downconverter generates at least four separate voltages from the extracted raw power signal by alternately connecting at least four capacitors in series across the raw power signal, thereby providing at least four output voltages, and then connecting the capacitors in parallel to transfer the charge stored thereon to a storage capacitor, which serves as the power source for portions of the stimulator. A selected one of the output voltages from the voltage downconverter is applied to an isolated refresh voltage capacitor in each output channel, where it controls a voltage controlled current source. The processor selectively monitors the electrodes and/or voltages generated in the stimulator and generates status indicating/measurement signals for transmission to the external transmitter. The external processor receives and processes the status indicating/measurement signals and uses the information therefrom to control the amount of power transmitted to the stimulator.
摘要翻译： 组织刺激系统包括用于将数据信号发送到植入的刺激器的外部发射器。 植入的刺激器包括用于通过相应的隔离输出通道产生刺激信号以用于多个组织刺激电极的处理器。 植入的刺激器还包括从数据信号中提取原始功率信号的电源。 电压下变频器通过在原始功率信号上交替地连接串联的至少四个电容器，从而提供至少四个输出电压，然后并联连接电容器以转移所存储的电荷，从而从提取的原始功率信号产生至少四个分离的电压 在其上用作用于刺激器的部分的电源的存储电容器。 来自电压下变频器的选择的一个输出电压被施加到每个输出通道中的隔离的刷新电压电容器，其中它控制电压控制的电流源。 处理器选择性地监视在刺激器中产生的电极和/或电压，并产生用于传输到外部发射器的状态指示/测量信号。 外部处理器接收并处理状态指示/测量信号，并使用其信息来控制发送到刺激器的功率量。
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公开(公告)号：US5358514A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-25
申请号：US62283
申请日：1993-05-17
CPC分类号： A61N1/372 , A61N1/3787 , A61N1/37205
摘要： An implantable microminiature stimulator and/or sensor (microdevice) is housed within a sealed housing that includes all the requisite electronic circuitry for inductively receiving power and control signals to sense of biopotential or other biomedical signals and/or to generate electrical stimulation pulse(s) between opposing electrodes. In a preferred embodiment, the housing of the microdevice is tubular, with opposing electrodes extending from each end. The electrodes are self-attaching electrodes that attach to a nerve or muscle without suturing. The electrodes are configured to helically curl around the desired nerve, thereby permitting the microdevice to stimulate the nerve or muscle, or sense signals associated with the nerve or muscle, using a minimal amount of energy. The electrodes and microdevice are sufficiently small to allow attachment to a single nerve, thereby preventing tethering of the nerve or muscle, and to allow their implantation within living tissue through small incisions or puncture holes. The muscle or nerve to which the microdevice is attached may be of any type, e.g., skeletal, smooth or cardiac.
摘要翻译： 可植入的微型激发器和/或传感器（微型装置）容纳在密封的壳体内，其包括用于感应地接收功率和控制信号以感测生物电位或其他生物医学信号的所有必需的电子电路和/或产生电刺激脉冲， 在相对的电极之间。 在优选实施例中，微型装置的壳体是管状的，相对电极从每端延伸。 电极是附着于神经或肌肉而不缝合的自附接电极。 电极被配置为螺旋地卷绕期望的神经，从而允许微器件使用最小量的能量来刺激神经或肌肉，或感测与神经或肌肉相关的信号。 电极和微器件足够小以允许附接到单个神经，从而防止神经或肌肉束缚，并允许它们通过小切口或穿刺孔植入生物组织内。 微型装置附着的肌肉或神经可以是任何类型，例如骨骼，光滑或心脏。
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公开(公告)号：US4808167A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-28
申请号：US4352
申请日：1987-01-16
申请人： Alfred E. Mann , Joseph H. Schulman
发明人： Alfred E. Mann , Joseph H. Schulman
CPC分类号： A61M5/1413 , A61B2090/0814 , A61M5/14244 , A61M5/50 , Y10S128/12
摘要： A disposable cassette for use with a main infusion pump unit is disclosed which contains both a disposable pump and a battery, thereby requiring the simultaneous replacement of both the pump and the battery. The controller contained in the main pump unit includes a timer which prevents the cassette from being used for longer than a predetermined time, which is substantially less than the life of the battery. An interlock prevents a cassette from being reinstalled following a single use.
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公开(公告)号：US4345603A
公开(公告)日：1982-08-24
申请号：US122352
申请日：1980-02-19
申请人： Joseph H. Schulman
发明人： Joseph H. Schulman
CPC分类号： G01R31/3662 , A61N1/3708 , A61N1/378
摘要： A method and apparatus for monitoring the status of a battery in an implantable device for a human, the device being a tissue stimulator, drug dispensing apparatus, or the like. More specifically, a battery monitoring apparatus is disclosed whereby a user is sensually stimulated whenever an implanted battery exhibits predetermined characteristics. In one embodiment, the internal resistance of a battery is periodically monitored by loading the battery at predetermined intervals. When the internal resistance exhibits a predetermined characteristic, a battery alarm circuit is activated which causes a small voltage differential to be applied under and across the skin of the user, thereby creating a mildly tingling sensation in his skin. This tingling sensation alerts the user that the battery needs to be replaced or recharged. A magnet is provided for externally disabling the monitoring apparatus after the user has been alerted that the battery needs replacement. In a further embodiment, the alarm circuitry activates an audio signal generator which provides an audibly detectable beep when the battery needs to be replaced or recharged. In a still further embodiment, the battery output voltage is compared to a predetermined reference voltage source within the implantable device. The user is sensually stimulated whenever the battery output voltage, or a voltage related to the battery output voltage, drops below the predetermined reference voltage.
摘要翻译： 一种用于监测用于人的可植入装置中的电池的状态的方法和装置，所述装置是组织刺激器，药物分配装置等。 更具体地，公开了一种电池监视装置，其中每当植入电池呈现预定特性时，用户被感觉地刺激。 在一个实施例中，通过以预定间隔加载电池来周期性地监测电池的内部电阻。 当内阻呈现预定的特性时，电池报警电路被激活，导致在使用者的皮肤下面和横过使用者的皮肤上施加小的电压差，从而在他的皮肤中产生温和的刺痛感。 这种刺痛的感觉警告用户电池需要更换或充电。 在用户已经警告电池需要更换之后，提供用于外部禁止监视装置的磁体。 在另一个实施例中，报警电路激活音频信号发生器，当电池需要更换或再充电时，该音频信号发生器提供可听见的蜂鸣声。 在又一实施例中，将电池输出电压与可植入装置内的预定参考电压源进行比较。 每当电池输出电压或与电池输出电压相关的电压下降到低于预定参考电压时，用户就会受到感官刺激。
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公开(公告)号：US08442614B2
公开(公告)日：2013-05-14
申请号：US12819698
申请日：2010-06-21
申请人： Joseph H. Schulman
发明人： Joseph H. Schulman
CPC分类号： A61B5/04001 , A61B5/6868 , A61B5/6877 , A61B5/6882 , A61B2562/0209 , A61B2562/046 , A61B2562/125 , A61N1/0526 , A61N1/0531 , A61N1/0539 , A61N1/0551
摘要： An embodiment of the invention includes a biocompatible stiffness enhanced pliable electrically conductive filament configured for contact with living tissue and electrical communication with such tissue. The pliability of the filament allows the distal end of the filament to remain at the original site of penetration into the tissue despite the movement of the tissue relative to its surrounding environment. To temporarily stiffen the filament, a soluble stiffness enhancing coating is disposed over the filament. The coating may be in the form of a liquid which dries to a solid state after being applied to the filament and renders the filament sufficiently rigid such that under appropriate force, the filament is capable of penetrating into dense tissue. Once in place the stiffness enhancing coating dissolves due to contact with body fluids, the filament, in the absence of such coating, returns to its initial pliability. An electrical insulating layer is disposed over a portion of the filament to render it non-conductive with tissue in the area adjacent the insulating layer. For a filament with such insulating layer, the stiffness enhancing coating would be disposed over the insulating layer. The filament may also include anchoring means configured to further anchor the filament in place.
摘要翻译： 本发明的一个实施例包括被配置用于与生物体组织接触并与这种组织电连通的生物相容刚度增强的柔韧导电细丝。 丝的柔韧性允许细丝的远端保持在渗透进入组织的原始部位，尽管组织相对于其周围环境的移动。 为了使长丝暂时硬化，将可溶性刚度增强涂层设置在丝上。 涂层可以是液体的形式，其在施加到细丝上之后干燥成固态，并使细丝具有足够的刚性，使得在适当的力下，细丝能够渗透到致密的组织中。 一旦存在，刚性增强涂层由于与体液的接触而溶解，在没有这种涂层的情况下，细丝恢复其初始的柔韧性。 电绝缘层设置在细丝的一部分上，以使其与邻近绝缘层的区域中的组织不导电。 对于具有这种绝缘层的长丝，刚度增强涂层将被布置在绝缘层上。 灯丝还可以包括被配置为进一步将灯丝锚固在适当位置的锚定装置。
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公开(公告)号：US08180453B2
公开(公告)日：2012-05-15
申请号：US10033576
申请日：2001-11-09
IPC分类号： A61N1/04
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/0543
摘要： The present invention is an implantable visual prosthesis where the neural stimulator includes an electrode array body suitable to be placed in an epiretinal location with insulation covering the electrode array body and forming voids. Electrodes are recessed within those voids.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种可植入视觉假体，其中神经刺激器包括适于放置在外视位置的电极阵列体，其绝缘覆盖电极阵列主体并形成空隙。 电极凹陷在这些空隙内。
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