摘要:
A catalyst contains at least one group VIII element and at least molybdenum and/or tungsten, said elements being present at least in part in the catalyst in the dry state in the form of at least one heteropolyanion with formula MxAB6O24H6C(3-2x), tH2O; MxAB6O24H6C(4-2x), tH2O; MxA2B10O38H4C(6-2x), tH2O; MxA2B10O38H4C(8-2x), tH2O; or MxA2B10O38H4C(7-2x), tH2O, in which M is cobalt and/or nickel and/or iron and/or copper and/or zinc, A is one or two elements from group VIII of the periodic table, B is molybdenum and/or tungsten and C is an H+ ion and/or a (NR1R2R3R4)+ type ammonium ion, in which R1, R2, R3 and R4, which may be identical or different, correspond either to a hydrogen atom or to an alkyl group and/or caesium and/or potassium and/or sodium, t is a number between 0 and 15 and x takes a value in the range 0 to 4 depending on the formula.
摘要翻译:催化剂含有至少一种VIII族元素和至少钼和/或钨,所述元素至少部分地以至少一种具有式M x x的杂多阴离子的形式存在于干燥状态的催化剂中, (3-2x),tH 2,...,...,...,...,...,...,... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...“ SUB> O; (4-2x),其中,C 1,C 2,C 4, t H 2 O; (A)(A)(A)(B) 6-2x),tH 2 O; (A)(A)(A)(B) 8-2x),tH 2 O; 或者M 1 A 2 B 2 O 3 C 3 H 4 C 3 H 3 (7-2x),其中M是钴和/或镍和/或铁和/或铜和/或锌,A是一个或两个元素, 元素周期表第Ⅷ族,B为钼和/或钨,C为H +离子和/或(NR 1 R 2 R 2) 其中R 1,R 2,R 2,R 3,R 3,R 3,R 3, R 3,R 3和R 4可以相同或不同,对应于氢原子或烷基和/或铯和/或钾 和/或钠,t为0至15之间的数字,x取值范围为0至4,具体取决于公式。
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for conversion of hydrocarbons in the presence of at least one catalyst with controlled acidity, characterized in that the level of activity of said catalyst in isomerization of the cyclohexane is less than 0.10 and/or in that the ratio of toluene hydrogenation activity to the cyclohexane isomerization activity is greater than 10.
摘要:
The present invention concerns the use of a catalyst comprising an extruded essentially alumina-based support, constituted by a plurality of juxtaposed agglomerates and partially in the form of packs of flakes and partially in the form of needles, and optionally comprising at least one catalytic metal or a compound of a catalytic metal from group VIB and/or at least one catalytic metal or compound of a catalytic metal from group VIII, further comprising at least one dopant selected from the group formed by boron, phosphorous, silicon (or a silica different from that which can be found in the support) and halogens, in an ebullating bed process and for hydrorefining and hydroconverting hydrocarbon feeds.
摘要:
The invention provides a catalyst including a support, at least one noble metal from group VIII of the periodic table, silicon as a dopant, optionally boron, optionally at least one group VIB element, optionally phosphorous and optionally at least one halogen. The invention also provides a particular preparation of the catalyst. The invention also concerns the use of this catalyst in the hydrotreatment of hydrocarbon-containing feeds, more particularly its use for hydrogenating aromatic compounds in a gas oil cut.
摘要:
The invention concerns a hydrotreated catalyst comprising a support, at least one group VI metal, silicon, boron, optionally at least one metal from group VIII of the periodic table, optionally phosphorus, and optionally a halogen, also a particular preparation of this catalyst. The invention also concerns the use of the catalyst for hydrotreating hydrocarbon feeds.
摘要:
The invention concerns a process for the hydrogenation of aromatic compounds contained in feeds with an initial boiling point of more than 100.degree. C. and which contain at least 10% by weight of aromatic compounds. It consists of introducing chlorine in a concentration of 0.5-500 ppm by weight with respect to the feed at a temperature of between 200.degree. C. and 450.degree. C., a pressure in the range 1 MPa to 25 MPa, an HSV of between 0.1 h.sup.-1 and 10 h.sup.-1 and a volume ratio of hydrogen to feed of 100-2000. The catalyst used is a noble metal type and contains less than 1% of at least one halogen. Preferably, the catalyst is fluorinated or chlorinated.
摘要:
A fuel additive is formed from dispersions including an organic phase, at least one amphiphlic agent and solid objects based on particles of an iron compound in the crystallized form with a small size, as a fuel additive. The particles have an average size DDRX of less than or equal to 7 nm measured by X-ray diffraction, and at least 80% by number of the particles have a size DMET of less than or equal to 7 nm measured by transmission electron microscopy.
摘要:
The invention relates to a device for dispensing a liquid additive into a fuel circulation circuit for an internal combustion engine, comprising a reservoir (12) of liquid additive allowing an additive to be distributed into the fuel circulation circuit by means of a distribution line (16), characterized in that it comprises an additive chamber (22) in communication with the fuel circulation circuit and at least one wall (32) that is mobile and fluidtight between said additive chamber and the additive reservoir which, on the one hand, provides a fluidtight division and, on the other hand, maintains equal pressure between the additive in the additive reservoir and the fuel in the additive chamber.
摘要:
The present invention relates to the use of dispersions including an organic phase, at least one amphiphilic agent and solid objects based on particles of an iron compound in the crystallized form with a small size, as a fuel additive.
摘要:
Compositions that include a detergent composition and an active metal compound are described wherein the detergent composition includes a quaternary ammonium salt detergent and optionally an oxygen-containing detergent, and wherein the active metal compound is in the form of a colloidal dispersion, comprising an organic phase, particles of an iron compound in its amorphous form, and at least one amphiphilic agent. These compositions can be used in fuels to provide improved engine performance by, for example, reducing fuel injector fouling in the engine and/or by improving the regeneration of the engine's particulate exhaust trap.