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    Electronic phase shifter with enhanced phase shift performance
    11.
    发明授权
    Electronic phase shifter with enhanced phase shift performance 失效

    公开(公告)号：US07015773B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-03-21

    申请号：US09774534

    申请日：2001-01-31

    Applicant: Bing Chiang ,  James A. Proctor, Jr. ,  Kenneth M. Gainey

    Inventor： Bing Chiang ,  James A. Proctor, Jr. ,  Kenneth M. Gainey

    IPC: H01P3/00

    CPC classification number: H01P1/185

    Abstract: A varactor based phase shifter that increases phase shift range using a lower characteristic impedance between quadrature ports than is used at its input/output ports. The circuit makes use of a four port coupler arrangement that imbeds a quarter wave impedance transformation between the input port and the quadrature ports as well as between the quadrature ports and the output port. The characteristic impedance across the quadrature ports is therefore less than the characteristic impedance across the input and output ports. In one implementation, reducing a characteristic input/output impedance of 50 to a 20 ohm quadrature port impedance results in a phase shift range increase of more than 50%.

    Electronic phase shifter with enhanced phase shift performance
    12.
    发明授权
    Electronic phase shifter with enhanced phase shift performance 失效
    电子移相器具有增强的相移性能

    公开(公告)号：US06911879B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-06-28

    申请号：US10691198

    申请日：2003-10-22

    Applicant: Bing Chiang ,  James A. Proctor, Jr. ,  Kenneth M. Gainey

    Inventor： Bing Chiang ,  James A. Proctor, Jr. ,  Kenneth M. Gainey

    IPC: H01P1/185 ,  H01P1/18

    CPC classification number: H01P1/185

    Abstract: A varactor based phase shifter that increases phase shift range using a lower characteristic impedance between quadrature ports than is used at its input/output ports. The circuit makes use of a four port coupler arrangement that imbeds a quarter wave impedance transformation between the input port and the quadrature ports as well as between the quadrature ports and the output port. The characteristic impedance across the quadrature ports is therefore less than the characteristic impedance across the input and output ports. In one implementation, reducing a characteristic input/output impedance of 50 to a 20 ohm quadrature port impedance results in a phase shift range increase of more than 50%.

    Abstract translation: 基于变容二极管的移相器，使用正交端口之间的较低特性阻抗比在其输入/输出端口使用的相位移范围更大。 该电路利用四端口耦合器布置，其在输入端口和正交端口之间以及正交端口和输出端口之间嵌入四分之一波阻抗变换。 因此，正交端口之间的特性阻抗小于输入和输出端口上的特性阻抗。 在一个实现中，将特性输入/输出阻抗降低到20欧姆正交端口阻抗导致相移范围增加超过50％。

    Adaptive antenna for use in wireless communication systems
    13.
    发明授权
    Adaptive antenna for use in wireless communication systems 有权
    用于无线通信系统的自适应天线

    公开(公告)号：US06515635B2

    公开(公告)日：2003-02-04

    申请号：US09846693

    申请日：2001-05-01

    Applicant: Bing Chiang ,  James A. Proctor, Jr. ,  Griffin K. Gothard ,  Kenneth M. Gainey ,  Joe T. Richeson

    Inventor： Bing Chiang ,  James A. Proctor, Jr. ,  Griffin K. Gothard ,  Kenneth M. Gainey ,  Joe T. Richeson

    IPC: H01Q1910

    CPC classification number: H01Q3/242 ,  H01Q19/32 ,  H01Q21/205

    Abstract: A directive antenna includes plural antenna elements in an antenna assemblage. A feed network connected to the antenna elements includes at least one switch to select a state of one of the antenna elements to be in an active state in response to a control signal. The other antenna elements are in a passive state, electrically coupled to an impedance to be in a reflective mode. The antenna elements in the passive state are electromagnetically coupled to the active antenna element, allowing the antenna assemblage to directionally transmit and receive signals. The directive antenna may further include an assisting switch associated with each antenna element to assist coupling the antenna elements, while in the passive state, to the respective impedances. The antenna assemblage may be circular for a 360° discrete scan in N directions, where N is the number of antenna elements. The directive antenna is suitable for use in a high data rate network having greater than 50 kbits per second data transfer rates, where the high data rate network may use CDMA2000, 1eV-DO, 1Extreme, or other such protocol.

    Abstract translation: 指示天线包括天线组合中的多个天线元件。 连接到天线元件的馈电网络包括至少一个开关，用于响应于控制信号选择一个天线元件处于活动状态的状态。 其他天线元件处于被动状态，电耦合到处于反射模式的阻抗。 处于被动状态的天线元件与有源天线元件电磁耦合，允许天线组件定向发射和接收信号。 指示天线还可以包括与每个天线元件相关联的辅助开关，以帮助天线元件在被动状态下耦合到相应的阻抗。 天线组合可以是N个方向上的360°离散扫描的圆形，其中N是天线元件的数量。 指令天线适用于高数据速率网络，每秒数据传输速率大于50kbits，高数据速率网络可能使用CDMA2000,1eV-DO，1Extreme或其他此类协议。

    Method and apparatus for frequency selective beam forming
    14.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for frequency selective beam forming 有权
    频率选择波束成形的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US06448938B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-09-10

    申请号：US09879807

    申请日：2001-06-12

    Applicant: Bing Chiang ,  Kenneth M. Gainey ,  James A. Proctor, Jr.

    Inventor： Bing Chiang ,  Kenneth M. Gainey ,  James A. Proctor, Jr.

    IPC: H01Q2160

    CPC classification number: H04B7/086 ,  H01Q1/246 ,  H01Q3/26 ,  H01Q5/50 ,  H01Q21/0018 ,  H01Q25/00 ,  H04B7/0617

    Abstract: A phased array antenna provides a subscriber unit with an ability to transmit and receive signals in different directions to allow for optimum gain in both directions, simultaneously. In this way, refraction and multipath effects resulting from communication signals operating at different frequencies can be compensated for to improve gain in both the forward and reverse links. Frequency selective components are coupled to respective antenna elements. At least two weighting structures are coupled to the frequency selective components to produce independently steerable beams having spectrally separated signals. The weighting structures may include phase shifting elements to steer the beams independently and include at least one variable gain amplifying component to independently amplify the signals received by or transmitted by the respective antenna, thereby optimizing the respective shapes of the beams. By having independently steerable and shapable beams, the directive antenna is attractive for use in a multi-band and/or multipath environment, same frequency or spread spectrum network.

    Abstract translation: 相控阵天线为用户单元提供了在不同方向发送和接收信号的能力，以同时实现两个方向的最佳增益。 以这种方式，可以补偿由在不同频率操作的通信信号产生的折射和多径效应，以改善正向和反向链路中的增益。 频率选择分量耦合到相应的天线元件。 至少两个加权结构耦合到频率选择分量以产生具有频谱分离信号的独立可控的波束。 加权结构可以包括相移元件以独立地引导光束，并且包括至少一个可变增益放大分量以独立地放大由相应天线接收或发射的信号，从而优化波束的相应形状。 通过具有独立的可导向和可成形的光束，指令天线对于在多频带和/或多径环境，相同频率或扩频网络中使用是有吸引力的。

    Stacked dipole antenna for use in wireless communications systems
    15.
    发明授权
    Stacked dipole antenna for use in wireless communications systems 有权
    用于无线通信系统的叠层偶极天线

    公开(公告)号：US06396456B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-05-28

    申请号：US09773277

    申请日：2001-01-31

    Applicant: Bing Chiang ,  Kenneth M. Gainey ,  James A. Proctor, Jr.

    Inventor： Bing Chiang ,  Kenneth M. Gainey ,  James A. Proctor, Jr.

    IPC: H01Q928

    CPC classification number: H01Q9/285 ,  H01Q1/38 ,  H01Q3/26 ,  H01Q21/062

    Abstract: A dipole antenna for use with a mobile subscriber unit in a wireless communications system. The antenna is fabricated with printed circuit board (PCB) photo-etching techniques for precise control of the printed structure to mass produce antenna elements with repeatable features. The antenna includes a planar substrate made of dielectric material. A conductive planar element layered on one side of the substrate, and a conductive planar ground patch is located on the other side of the substrate. The conductive planar element is located in an upper region of the substrate, while the location of the planar ground patch is offset from the conductive planar element in a lower region of the substrate. A feed strip is connected to the conductive planar element, extends from the element to a bottom edge of the substrate, and terminates at a bottom feed point. The conductive planar ground patch includes two portions. One portion extends from the midsection of the other portion to the bottom edge of the substrate and provides a connection point for coupling the conductive planar ground patch to a ground plane which is aligned orthonormally to the substrate. Capacitive coupling between the conductive planar element and the conductive planar ground patch creates a junction which provides an upper dipole feed point in a mid-region of the substrate such that the conductive planar element acts as a first element of an unbalanced dipole antenna and the conductive planar ground patch acts as a second element of the unbalanced dipole antenna. The unbalanced dipole antenna forms a beam which may be positionally directed along a horizon that is substantially parallel to the ground plane.

    Abstract translation: 一种与无线通信系统中的移动用户单元一起使用的偶极天线。 天线采用印刷电路板（PCB）光蚀刻技术制造，用于精确控制印刷结构，大量生产具有可重复特征的天线元件。 天线包括由介电材料制成的平面基板。 层叠在基板一侧的导电平面元件和导电性平面接地片位于基板的另一侧。 导电平面元件位于衬底的上部区域中，而平面接地片的位置偏离衬底的下部区域中的导电平面元件。 馈电条连接到导电平面元件，从元件延伸到衬底的底部边缘，并且终止于底部馈电点。 导电平面接地片包括两部分。 一部分从另一部分的中部延伸到衬底的底部边缘，并且提供用于将导电平面接地贴片耦合到与基底正交对准的接地平面的连接点。 导电平面元件和导电平面接地片之间的电容耦合产生一个结，其在衬底的中间区域中提供上偶极馈电点，使得导电平面元件充当不平衡偶极天线的第一元件，并且导电 平面接地片作为非平衡偶极子天线的第二个元件。 不平衡偶极子天线形成可以沿着基本上平行于接地平面的水平线定位的光束。

    MULTI-DETECTION OF HEARTBEAT TO REDUCE ERROR PROBABILITY
    20.
    发明申请
    MULTI-DETECTION OF HEARTBEAT TO REDUCE ERROR PROBABILITY 有权
    多重检测心脏来减少错误概率

    公开(公告)号：US20140321441A1

    公开(公告)日：2014-10-30

    申请号：US14325756

    申请日：2014-07-08

    Applicant: James A. Proctor, Jr.

    Inventor： James A. Proctor, Jr.

    IPC: H04W72/04

    CPC classification number: H04Q11/04 ,  H04B1/7075 ,  H04J13/0077 ,  H04J13/16 ,  H04L1/0007 ,  H04L1/1809 ,  H04L5/0007 ,  H04L7/06 ,  H04L25/14 ,  H04L27/2601 ,  H04Q11/0428 ,  H04Q2213/13098 ,  H04Q2213/13202 ,  H04Q2213/13204 ,  H04Q2213/13209 ,  H04Q2213/13216 ,  H04Q2213/1327 ,  H04Q2213/13298 ,  H04Q2213/13332 ,  H04Q2213/1336 ,  H04Q2213/13389 ,  H04W28/04 ,  H04W28/18 ,  H04W72/0446 ,  H04W74/004 ,  H04W74/04 ,  H04W74/0833 ,  H04W76/27 ,  H04W84/14

    Abstract: A communications system improves performance of detecting a signal having an indication of a request to change communications states by making at least two positive identifications of the request in a given time frame. The system may further improve performance by applying a difference in power levels for a non-request state (i.e., steady state or ‘control hold’ state) versus a request state (i.e., ‘request to change’ state). In one particular application, a base station determines a request to change communications states with a reasonably high probability of detection and a reasonably low probability of false detection. The system has a reduced number of erroneous communications states, such as erroneous traffic channel allocations. The detection technique is compatible with 1xEV-DV systems and I-CDMA systems, but general enough to support systems employing various other communications protocols used in wired and wireless communications systems.

    Abstract translation: 通信系统通过在给定的时间帧内进行至少两个请求的肯定标识来改善检测具有改变通信状态的请求的指示的信号的性能。 该系统可以通过对于非请求状态（即，稳态或“控制保持”状态）与请求状态（即，“改变请求”状态）的功率电平的差异来进一步提高性能。 在一个特定应用中，基站以相当高的检测概率确定改变通信状态的请求，并且具有相当低的错误检测概率。 该系统具有减少的错误通信状态的数量，例如错误的业务信道分配。 该检测技术与1xEV-DV系统和I-CDMA系统兼容，但一般足以支持采用有线和无线通信系统中使用的各种其他通信协议的系统。

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