Abstract:
Multichannel signals on a single transmission path are separated into component channels by applying them to a pair of resonatorforming input electrodes mounted on a crystal wafer. Two or more groups of resonators, formed by other electrodes on the wafer, are each acoustically coupled to the input resonator but not to each other. The respective groups are tuned, by controlling the masses of the electrodes and the spacing between them, to form mutually exclusive passbands.
Abstract:
ENERGY IS TRANSMITTED OVER A DESIRED BAND BY APPLYING IT TO A PAIR OF ELECTRODES MOUNTED ON A CRYSTAL BODY AND REMOVING IT FROM ANOTHER PAIR OF ELECTRODES MOUNTED ON THE CRYSTAL BODY. THE ELECTRODES HAVE SUFFICIENT MASSES TO CONCENTRATE THICKNESS SHEAR VIBRATIONS IN THE AREAS BETWEEN THE ELECTRODES. THE ELECTRODES ARE SPACED SUFFICIENTLY FAR FROM THE EDGES OF THE BODY SO AS TO SUBSTANTIALLY ELIMINATE THE EFFECTS OF THE EDGES. THE PAIRS OF ELECTRODES ARE SPACED SO AS TO COUPLE THE RESONATORS FORMED BY THE ELECTRODES AND THE BODY, BUT TO LIMIT THE COUPLING BELOW A GIVEN VALUE.
Abstract:
534,603. Impedance networks; transformers. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. March 29, 1940, No. 5685. Convention date, June 2, 1939. [Class 40 (iii)] [Also in Group XXXV] In a filter of the balanced type comprising two or more sections 5, 6, Fig. 1, in tandem, the capacity unbalance is reduced by the connection of one or more condensers in series or diagonal between the input and output terminals. The stray capacities may be represented by a lattice network, Fig. 2, which may be so balanced that an E.M.F. applied across the input terminals will produce no output current if the product of the series capacities is made equal to the product of the diagonal capacities. This is done by the addition of a single condenser CA, CB or CC, Fig. 1, of suitable value. To balance for longitudinal currents, however, it is necessary either to make all the capacities of the lattice equal, in which case all three condensers CA, CB, CC are required, or to make the capacities such that the unbalanced voltage to ground at the input end is equal to but 180 degrees out of phase with that at the output end, which result may be obtained by the use of only two condensers CA, CB or CA, CC. In the two-section filter shown in Fig. 3, having a differential transformer T1, T2, at each end, the transmission through the piezoelectric crystals X1, X2 is balanced against that through the condensers C1, C2 for all frequencies outside the pass band, the balance being improved by the additional condensers CA, CB as in Fig. 1. The transformers T1, T2 allow the filter to be connected between unbalanced circuits, and they are tuned to the mid-band frequency by the provision of shunt capacities C3- C6. In order to correct for inductive unbalance, the couplings between the single winding W3 and the balanced windings W1, W2 are adjustable simultaneously in opposite senses, and preferably in addition the coupling between W3 and W1, W2 in series is adjustable. In the construction shown in Fig. 4, the winding W3 is carried by a tube 21 which is angularly adjustable in a circular slot 28 in a slide 22, and the latter is movable in longitudinal grooves within a tube 20 on which the balanced windings W1, W2 are wound.
Abstract:
Three or more resonator-forming electrode pairs and a crystal wafer on which they are mounted, form a multiresonator crystal filter with respective inductors connected to two of the pairs. The electrode pairs have masses such as to tune the frequency exhibited by the unconnected resonator to a frequency fp. The inductors tune the interelectrode capacitances of the connected resonators to the frequency fp. The masses of electrodes in the connected resonators tune the mechanical resonance of the crystal between the electrodes to the frequency fp. The electrode spacings in view of their masses are such as to achieve predetermined couplings between resonators.
Abstract:
Monolithic crystal filters forming respective resonators from a crystal wafer and three or more electrode pairs which are sufficiently massive and spaced far enough so that the otherwise undisturbed coupling between one resonator and any other resonator is such that there exists a zero-impedance-resonance to zero-impedance-resonance frequency range less than one-third the smallest antiresonant-to-resonant frequency range of one of the two-coupled resonators, have at least one pair short circuited. The short-circuited pair is tuned by appropriate mass loading so that its observed minimum-impedance frequency corresponds to the desired midband frequency of the filter.