公开(公告)号：US5738101A

公开(公告)日：1998-04-14

申请号：US588171

申请日：1996-01-18

Applicant: Andrew D. Sappey

Inventor： Andrew D. Sappey

IPC: A61B5/00 ,  G02F1/35 ,  A61B6/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/0059 ,  G02F1/3536

Abstract: Optical imaging through turbid media is demonstrated using a degenerate four-wave mixing correlation time gate. An apparatus and method for detecting ballistic and/or snake light while rejecting unwanted diffusive light for imaging structures within highly scattering media are described. Degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) of a doubled YAG laser in rhodamine 590 is used to provide an ultrafast correlation time gate to discriminate against light that has undergone multiple scattering and therefore has lost memory of the structures within the scattering medium. Images have been obtained of a test cross-hair pattern through highly turbid suspensions of whole milk in water that are opaque to the naked eye, which demonstrates the utility of DFWM for imaging through turbid media. Use of DFWM as an ultrafast time gate for the detection of ballistic and/or snake light in optical mammography is discussed.

Abstract translation: 使用简并四波混合相关时间门来证明通过混浊介质的光学成像。 描述了一种用于检测弹道和/或蛇形光的装置和方法，同时排除用于高散射介质内的成像结构的不期望的漫射光。 罗丹明590中的双重YAG激光器的简化四波混频（DFWM）用于提供超快相关时间门，以区分已经经历多次散射的光，因此已经失去了散射介质内结构的记忆。 已经通过对肉眼不透明的水中全脂牛奶的高度混浊的悬浮液获得测试交叉图案的图像，这表明DFWM用于通过混浊介质成像。 讨论了使用DFWM作为超快时间门来检测光学乳腺X线照相术中的弹道和/或蛇形光。

公开(公告)号：US08786857B2

公开(公告)日：2014-07-22

申请号：US13389902

申请日：2010-08-10

Applicant: Bernard Patrick Masterson ,  James Howell ,  Henrik Hofvander ,  Andrew D. Sappey

Inventor： Bernard Patrick Masterson ,  James Howell ,  Henrik Hofvander ,  Andrew D. Sappey

IPC: G01N21/00 ,  F23N5/08

CPC classification number: F02C7/00 ,  F23N5/003 ,  F23N2025/16 ,  F23N2041/20 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01N2021/4709 ,  G01N2201/084 ,  Y02T50/67

Abstract: An apparatus and methods for measuring combustion parameters in the measurement zone of a gas turbine engine. The measurement zone is defined as being between an outer casing and an engine component having a reflecting surface inside the outer casing. The apparatus comprises a laser generating a transmitting beam of light of a select wavelength and a multimode transmitting fiber optically coupled to the laser. A transmitting optic is optically coupled to the multimode optical fiber for transmitting the beam into the measurement zone. The reflecting surface is configured to provide a Lambertian reflection. A receiving optic is positioned to receive the Lambertian reflection. Means are provided in operative association with the multimode transmitting fiber for averaging modal noise induced signal level variation of light propagating within the multimode transmitting fiber.

Abstract translation: 一种用于测量燃气涡轮发动机的测量区域中的燃烧参数的装置和方法。 测量区域被定义为在外壳和在外壳内具有反射表面的发动机部件之间。 该装置包括产生选择波长的发射光束的激光器和与激光器光耦合的多模发送光纤。 传输光学器件光耦合到多模光纤以将光束传输到测量区域中。 反射表面被配置为提供朗伯反射。 接收光学器件被定位成接收朗伯反射。 提供与多模发送光纤操作关联的装置，用于平均在多模发送光纤内传播的光的模态噪声感应信号电平变化。

公开(公告)号：US08255169B2

公开(公告)日：2012-08-28

申请号：US12600034

申请日：2008-05-23

Applicant: Henrik Hofvander ,  Andrew D. Sappey ,  James Howell ,  Qingchun Zhao

Inventor： Henrik Hofvander ,  Andrew D. Sappey ,  James Howell ,  Qingchun Zhao

IPC: G01N31/00 ,  G01R13/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/3504 ,  G01K11/125 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01N2021/1787 ,  G01N2021/3513

Abstract: A method of absorption spectroscopy including obtaining absorption data at multiple wavelengths along more than one line-of-sight path through a quantity of gas of interest. The method further includes identifying more than one temperature and gas species concentration bin along the multiple line-of-sight paths and creating a map of temperature and gas species concentration. The map thus created will have at least two-dimensional information derived from select temperature and gas species concentration bins identified along more than one line-of-sight path. Apparatus for implementing the above method is also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 一种吸收光谱学方法，包括通过一定数量的感兴趣的气体沿着多于一条视线路径获得多个波长的吸收数据。 该方法还包括沿着多条视线路径识别多于一个的温度和气体种类浓度仓，并创建温度和气体种类浓度的图。 由此创建的地图将具有至少二维信息，该二维信息源自沿多于一条视线路径识别的选定温度和气体种类浓度箱。 还公开了用于实现上述方法的装置。

公开(公告)号：US07469092B2

公开(公告)日：2008-12-23

申请号：US11782492

申请日：2007-07-24

Applicant: Andrew D. Sappey ,  James Howell ,  Henrik Hofvander ,  Bernard Patrick Masterson

Inventor： Andrew D. Sappey ,  James Howell ,  Henrik Hofvander ,  Bernard Patrick Masterson

IPC: G02B6/00

CPC classification number: G01J3/36 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0202 ,  G01J3/0208 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/0237 ,  G01J3/024 ,  G01J3/0289 ,  G01J3/0297 ,  G01J3/108 ,  G01J3/1809 ,  G01J5/601 ,  G01J2003/104 ,  G01J2003/423 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01N2021/399 ,  G02B6/14

Abstract: A diode laser spectroscopy gas sensing apparatus having a diode laser with a select lasing frequency, a pitch optic coupled to the diode laser with the pitch optic being operatively associated with a process chamber and oriented to project laser light along a projection beam through the process chamber. This embodiment additionally includes a catch optic in optical communication with the pitch optic to receive the laser light projected through the process chamber and an optical fiber optically coupled to the catch optic. In addition, the catch optic is operatively associated with a catch side alignment mechanism which provides for the alignment of the catch optic with respect to the projection beam to increase a quantity of laser light received by the catch optic from the pitch optic and coupled to the optical fiber and a detector sensitive to the select lasing frequency optically coupled to the optical fiber. The catch side alignment mechanism may consist of means to tilt the catch optic along a first axis and a second axis orthogonal to the first axis with both the first and second axes being approximately orthogonal to the projection beam.

Abstract translation: 一种具有选择激光频率的二极管激光器的二极管激光光谱气体感测装置，耦合到二极管激光器的俯仰光学器件，其中俯仰光学器件与处理室可操作地相关联并且被定向成沿着投影束将激光投射通过处理室 。 该实施例另外包括与俯仰光学器件光学通信的接收光学器件，以接收通过处理室投射的激光，以及光学耦合到捕捉光学器件的光纤。 另外，捕捉光学元件与捕捉侧对准机构可操作地相关联，该机构提供捕获光学元件相对于投影光束的对准，以增加由光阑从俯仰光学元件接收的激光的数量并耦合到 光纤和对光纤耦合的选择激光频率敏感的检测器。 捕获侧对准机构可以包括用于使捕获光学器件沿第一轴线和与第一轴线正交的第二轴线倾斜的装置，其中第一和第二轴线几乎与投影光束正交。

公开(公告)号：US20080285916A1

公开(公告)日：2008-11-20

申请号：US12093412

申请日：2006-11-15

Applicant: Andrew D. Sappey ,  Bernard Patrick Masterson

Inventor： Andrew D. Sappey ,  Bernard Patrick Masterson

IPC: G02B6/26

CPC classification number: G01J5/0014 ,  G01J3/1895 ,  G01J5/0018 ,  G01J5/08 ,  G01J5/0803 ,  G01J5/0821 ,  G01J5/0893 ,  G01J5/0896 ,  G01J5/60 ,  G01K11/3206 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01P5/26

Abstract: An embedded flight sensor system having a laser and one or more flight sensors in optical communication with the laser plus a data processing device in optical communication with the flight sensors. The flight sensors may be laser based optical components such as a fiber Bragg grating in combination with an optical detector, a spectroscopy grating and detector or an optical detector associated with catch optics. The parameters sensed by the flight sensors may be used to determine any flight parameter. Representative flight parameters include but are not limited to an airframe or external surface temperature, airstream velocity, combustion zone temperature, engine inlet temperature, a gas concentration or a shock front position.

Abstract translation: 具有激光器和与激光光学通信的一个或多个飞行传感器的嵌入式飞行传感器系统以及与飞行传感器光学通信的数据处理设备。 飞行传感器可以是基于激光的光学部件，例如与光学检测器结合的光纤布拉格光栅，光谱光栅和检测器或与捕获光学器件相关联的光学检测器。 飞行传感器检测的参数可用于确定任何飞行参数。 代表飞行参数包括但不限于机身或外表面温度，气流速度，燃烧区温度，发动机入口温度，气体浓度或冲击前沿位置。

公开(公告)号：USRE40271E1

公开(公告)日：2008-04-29

申请号：US11180027

申请日：2005-07-12

Applicant: Andrew D. Sappey ,  Gerry Murphy

Inventor： Andrew D. Sappey ,  Gerry Murphy

IPC: G02B6/34

Abstract: An apparatus for use in optical communication systems to multiplex/demultiplex an optical signal consisting of an optical channel(s) of distinct wavelength(s) having a select channel spacing within a select wavelength range. The apparatus includes a plurality of optical waveguides aligned generally along the same optical axis with each having a propagating end. At least two of the optical waveguides each propagate a distinct multiplexed optical signal comprising a plurality of channels, with the multiplexed optical waveguides being arranged in a multiplexed linear array. The others of the optical waveguides are single channel waveguides arranged in a two dimensional array with linear rows perpendicular to the multiplex linear array and with each linear row corresponding to a multiplex optical waveguide. A reflective echelle grating is optically coupled to the plurality of optical waveguides along the optical axis and receives an optical signal emitted from at least one of the optical waveguides and detracts the optical signal(s) to at least one other of the optical waveguide(s).

Abstract translation: 一种用于光通信系统的装置，用于对由在选择波长范围内具有选择信道间隔的不同波长的光信道组成的光信号进行复用/解复用。 该装置包括大致沿着相同光轴排列的多个光波导，每个具有传播端。 至少两个光波导各自传播包括多个通道的不同复用光信号，复用的光波导以多路复用的线性阵列布置。 光波导中的其他光波导是以垂直于多路复用线性阵列的线性行并且与每个线性行对应于多路复用光波导的二维阵列排列的单通道波导。 反射式梯形光栅沿着光轴光耦合到多个光波导，并且接收从至少一个光波导发射的光信号并将光信号折射到光波导的至少另一个 ）。

公开(公告)号：US06647182B2

公开(公告)日：2003-11-11

申请号：US10121956

申请日：2002-04-12

Applicant: Andrew D. Sappey ,  Pei Huang ,  Robert Harr ,  Gerry Murphy

Inventor： Andrew D. Sappey ,  Pei Huang ,  Robert Harr ,  Gerry Murphy

IPC: G02B634

CPC classification number: G02B6/29308 ,  G02B5/1861 ,  G02B6/2931 ,  G02B6/29361 ,  G02B6/29373 ,  G02B6/2938

Abstract: An apparatus for use in optical communication systems to multiplex/demultiplex an optical signal consisting of an optical channel(s) of distinct wavelength(s) having a select channel spacing within a select wavelength range. The apparatus includes a plurality of optical waveguides aligned generally along the same optical axis with each having a propagating end. At least two of the optical waveguides each propagate a distinct multiplexed optical signal comprising a plurality of channels, with the multiplexed optical waveguides being arranged in a multiplexed linear array. The others of the optical waveguides are single channel waveguides arranged in a two dimensional array with linear rows perpendicular to the multiplex linear array and with each linear row corresponding to a multiplex optical waveguide. A reflective echelle grating is optically coupled to the plurality of optical waveguides along the optical axis and receives an optical signal emitted from at least one of the optical waveguides and detracts the optical signal(s) to at least one other of the optical waveguide(s).

Abstract translation: 一种用于光通信系统的装置，用于对由在选择波长范围内具有选择信道间隔的不同波长的光信道组成的光信号进行复用/解复用。 该装置包括大致沿着相同光轴排列的多个光波导，每个具有传播端。 至少两个光波导各自传播包括多个通道的不同复用光信号，复用的光波导以多路复用的线性阵列布置。 光波导中的其他光波导是以垂直于多路复用线性阵列的线性行并且与每个线性行对应于多路复用光波导的二维阵列排列的单通道波导。 反射式梯形光栅沿着光轴光耦合到多个光波导，并且接收从至少一个光波导发射的光信号并将光信号折射到光波导的至少另一个 ）。

公开(公告)号：US08786856B2

公开(公告)日：2014-07-22

申请号：US13142791

申请日：2010-01-07

Applicant: Michael John Estes ,  Andrew D. Sappey ,  Henrik Hofvander ,  Allen Molitoris ,  Bernard Patrick Masterson ,  Pei Huang

Inventor： Michael John Estes ,  Andrew D. Sappey ,  Henrik Hofvander ,  Allen Molitoris ,  Bernard Patrick Masterson ,  Pei Huang

IPC: G01B11/00 ,  F23N5/08 ,  G01B11/27 ,  G01N21/84 ,  G01N21/39 ,  F23M5/08

CPC classification number: G01N21/84 ,  F23M5/08 ,  F23N5/082 ,  G01B11/27 ,  G01N21/39

Abstract: A method of monitoring combustion properties in an interior of a boiler of the type having walls comprising a plurality of parallel steam tubes separated by a metal membrane. First and second penetrations are provided in the metal membrane between adjacent tubes on opposite sides of the boiler. A beam of light is projected through a pitch optic comprising a pitch collimating lens and a pitch relay lens, both residing outside the boiler interior. The pitch relay lens projects the beam through a penetration into the boiler interior. The beam of light is received with a catch optic substantially identical to the pitch optic residing outside the boiler interior. The strength of the collimated received beam of light is determined. At least one of the pitch collimating lens and the catch collimating lens may then be aligned to maximize the strength of the collimated received beam.

Abstract translation: 一种在具有壁的锅炉内部监测燃烧性能的方法，所述锅炉包括由金属膜隔开的多个平行蒸汽管。 在锅炉相对侧的相邻管之间的金属膜中提供第一和第二穿透。 光束通过包括间距准直透镜和俯仰中继透镜的俯仰光学镜投影，两者都驻留在锅炉内部的外部。 俯仰继电器镜头通过穿透进入锅炉内部来投射光束。 光束被接收到与位于锅炉内部外部的俯仰光学器件基本相同的捕捉光学器件。 确定准直接收光束的强度。 间距准直透镜和捕捉准直透镜中的至少一个然后可以对准以最大化准直的接收光束的强度。

公开(公告)号：US08544279B2

公开(公告)日：2013-10-01

申请号：US12092673

申请日：2006-11-06

Applicant: Andrew D. Sappey ,  Bernard Patrick Masterson ,  Henrik Hofvander

Inventor： Andrew D. Sappey ,  Bernard Patrick Masterson ,  Henrik Hofvander

IPC: F23N5/08 ,  F02C9/00

CPC classification number: G01M15/14 ,  F01D21/003 ,  F02C9/28 ,  F05D2260/80

Abstract: A method for measuring combustion parameters within a combustion zone of a gas turbine engine, the combustion zone being defined between an inner and outer casing. The method includes transmitting a beam from a transmit optic optically coupled to a bore in the outer casing off a portion of the inner casing and receiving a portion of the beam reflected off the inner casing with a receiving optic optically coupled to a bore in the outer casing. An apparatus for practicing the method includes a laser generating a beam and a transmitting/receiving optics pair, the transmitting/receiving optics pair being configured for operative association with a port in an outer casing of a gas turbine engine, whereby the transmitting/receiving optics are in optical communication by reflecting the beam off a portion of an inner casing.

Abstract translation: 一种用于测量燃气涡轮发动机的燃烧区内的燃烧参数的方法，所述燃烧区被限定在内壳和外壳之间。 该方法包括将光束从光学耦合到外壳中的孔的发射光学器件传输到内壳体的一部分，并且接收从外壳反射的一部分光束，光接收光学耦合到外壳中的孔 套管。 实施该方法的装置包括产生光束和发射/接收光学对的激光器，该发射/接收光学对被配置为与燃气涡轮发动机的外壳中的端口可操作地相关联，由此发射/接收光学器件 通过将束离开内壳的一部分而进行光通信。

公开(公告)号：US20100171956A1

公开(公告)日：2010-07-08

申请号：US12359900

申请日：2009-01-26

Applicant: Andrew D. Sappey ,  Henrik Hofvander

Inventor： Andrew D. Sappey ,  Henrik Hofvander

IPC: G01N21/00 ,  G01M15/14

CPC classification number: G01N21/8507 ,  G01M15/14 ,  G01N2021/8514

Abstract: A method of measuring the combustion property in a measurement volume within a casing defined in part by a casing wall. The method includes providing a port in the chamber wall. Also provided is a fiber assembly comprising a single mode transmit core surrounded by a multimode receive core means. The fiber assembly is operatively coupled to the port to provide optical communication between the fiber assembly and measurement volume. A detection beam capable of detecting a select combustion property is transmitted from the single mode fiber and reflected off a reflection surface within the chamber, the reflection surface being configured to reflect and optically couple at least a portion of the detection beam to the multimode receive core means. The detection beam optically coupled to the multimode receive core means is then measured.

Abstract translation: 一种测量由壳体壁部分限定的壳体内的测量体积中的燃烧特性的方法。 该方法包括在室壁中提供端口。 还提供了一种光纤组件，其包括由多模接收芯装置包围的单模传输芯。 光纤组件可操作地耦合到端口以提供光纤组件和测量体积之间的光通信。 能够检测选择燃烧特性的检测光束从单模光纤传输并从室内的反射面反射出来，该反射面被配置成将检测光束的至少一部分反射并光学耦合到多模接收芯 手段。 然后测量光耦合到多模接收芯装置的检测光束。