Abstract:
Provided is a water heater, which allows efficient deposition of a scale component dissolved in water so as to reduce adhesion of the scale to a heat-transfer channel. The water heater includes: scale deposition means including a tank, an anode and a cathode provided in the tank so as to be opposed to each other, and a first power supply for applying a voltage between the anode and the cathode, the scale deposition means depositing a scale component dissolved in water retained in the tank; a heat-transfer channel provided at downstream of the scale deposition means, for guiding the water; and a heat source for heating the water by heat exchange in the heat-transfer channel, in which the scale deposition means includes oxygen-gas supplying/dissolving means for supplying an oxygen gas to a water feed pipe for feeding the water to the tank and dissolving the oxygen gas in the water.
Abstract:
A stereo image processing apparatus 1 specifies a line pair having a high correlation between one image and the other image of a stereo image, for an image region which has a predetermined width and is parallel to a scanning direction (X direction) in a stereo image which shoots a predetermined region from two different positions and has a scanning line direction and an epipolar line direction matched with each other, obtains a shift (vertical azimuth difference) in a vertical direction (Y direction) between the one image and the other image of the stereo image according to each position of the specified line pair, and corrects the stereo image so as to eliminate the obtained shift.
Abstract:
A method of manufacturing a ferroelectric memory includes: (a) stacking a lower electrode layer, a ferroelectric layer, and an upper electrode layer on a base in that order to form a ferroelectric laminate; (b) patterning the ferroelectric laminate to form a ferroelectric capacitor; (c) forming a first barrier film which covers the ferroelectric capacitor by physical vapor deposition (PVD); and (d) forming a second barrier film which covers the first barrier film by chemical vapor deposition (CVD).
Abstract:
A sludge treatment method allowing an improvement in a phosphorus recovery rate and sludge volume reduction by efficiently eluting phosphorus in the sludge. The sludge treatment method includes: a step of foaming a sludge-containing liquid by blowing an ozone-containing gas into the sludge-containing liquid; and a step of eluting phosphorus in the sludge-containing liquid by bringing sludge adsorbed on bubbles and a sludge-dissolving agent into contact with each other. The sludge treatment method may further include the steps of: separating the phosphorus eluted sludge-containing liquid into a phosphorus eluate and a residual sludge; and precipitating a phosphorus compound by adding a coagulant to the separated phosphorus eluate.
Abstract:
A semiconductor device may include a first wiring layer 30, an interlayer dielectric layer 40 formed above the first wiring layer 30, a second wiring layer 50 formed above the interlayer dielectric layer 40, a through hole 60 formed in the second wiring layer 50 and the interlayer dielectric layer 40, and a contact layer 70 that is formed in the through hole 60 and electrically connects the first wiring layer 30 and the second wiring layer 50.
Abstract:
During a waste water treatment process such as an activated-sludge process using microorganisms, the present invention ozonizes a microorganism-mixed liquid. It reduces the amount of microorganisms remaining, prevents a microorganism floc from sedimenting inappropriately, and recovers appropriate sedimentation while maintaining treatment performance. A waste water ozonization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention can include a sludge drawing pump which draws a microorganism-mixed liquid from an aeration vessel; an ozonizer for generating ozone gas which reacts with the microorganism-mixed liquid; an ozonization vessel which injects the ozone gas generated by the ozonizer into the drawn microorganism-mixed liquid; an ozonized-sludge channel that returns the ozonized microorganism-mixed liquid to the aeration vessel; and a control section for intermittently performing an ozonization operation.
Abstract:
A water heater in which by applying pulsation of a liquid to be heated which circulates between a tank and a heat exchanger, scale that has been deposited on the inner wall (heat-transfer surface) of a to-be-heated liquid flow channel in a heat exchanger is detached, and the number of times of circulation of the liquid to be heated which circulates between the tank and the heat exchanger is controlled to be three times or less. The number of times of circulation is determined, based on the entire volume of the to-be-heated liquid stored in the tank, a boiling time to be taken for the entire volume of the to-be-heated liquid in the tank to reach a predetermined temperature, and the flow rate of the to-be-heated liquid which passes through the to-be-heated liquid flow channel.
Abstract:
To solve the problem with mobile phone carriers that increasing mail traffic increases storage capacity of a mail server and network load, a relay server which relays a mail transfer (SMTP communication) and a mail fetch (IMAP communication) is installed in a carrier facility network. The relay server compresses a mail including a header transferred from a mail transfer server, adds a new header to encapsulate the mail, and transmits the encapsulated mail to an IMAP server as a compressed mail. In response to a mail fetch request from a communication terminal, the relay server decapsulates and restores the compressed mail fetched from the IMAP server, and transmits the restored mail to the communication terminal. The relay server changes parameters such as the mail size, so that no inconsistency of IMAP commands occurs in compressing/restoring the mail.
Abstract:
A three-dimensional topographical data precision improving device (10) removing noise that occurs in water regions of three-dimensional topographical data comprises a water region specifying unit (13) specifying the range of any one water region; a feature extraction unit (14) extracting feature values within any one water region that describe altitude distribution pattern of each local region in the three-dimensional topographical data; a segmentation unit (15) segmenting the whole range into candidate water regions and non-water regions by comparing the feature values of the specified water region with those of each point in the three-dimensional topographical data; a water region extraction unit (16) extracting water regions from the candidate water regions; and a plane creation unit (17) creating a corrected plane of each water region using the altitudes of the surrounding non-water regions and replacing the water region extracted by the water region extraction unit (16) with the corrected plane.
Abstract:
An information analysis apparatus, an information analysis method, and a program are provided that enable target information to be determined in units of single sentences, rather than in units of plural sentences, while taking into consideration the tendency of appearance of the target information. An information analysis apparatus 5 is used to perform an analysis on text information to determine whether or not the text information corresponds to the target information. The information analysis apparatus 5 includes a density estimation unit 51 that estimates, in units of analysis each composed of a plurality of sentences of text information, a density indicating the degree to which the target information is included in the unit of analysis, and a determination unit 52 that obtains an evaluation value indicating the degree to which each sentence included in each unit of analysis corresponds to the target information from the estimated density of the unit of analysis, and determines whether or not the sentence corresponds to the target information based on the evaluation value.