Abstract:
A cathode with an improved work function, for use in a lithographic system, such as the SCALPEL™ system, which includes a buffer between a substrate and an emissive layer, where the buffer alters, randomizes, miniaturizes, and/or isolates the grain structure at a surface of the substrate to reduce the grain size, randomize crystal orientation and reduce the rate of crystal growth. The buffer layer may be a solid solution or a multiphase alloy. A method of making the cathode by depositing a buffer between a surface of the substrate and an emissive layer, where the deposited buffer alters, randomizes, miniaturizes, and/or isolates the grain structure at a surface of the substrate to reduce the grain size, randomize crystal orientation and reduce the rate of crystal growth.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) device, a method of manufacture therefore, and an optical communications system including the same. The device includes an electrode located over a substrate and a charge dissipation layer located proximate and electrically coupled to the substrate. The device may further include a moveable element located over the electrode.
Abstract:
Aligned and open-ended nanotube structures, methods for making the same, and devices including open-ended nanotubes. An aligned and open-ended nanotube structure which is free of catalyst particles at top ends, the aligned and open-ended nanotube structure having an uneven open-end height with local protruding portions. A method of opening an end of a nanotube including a catalyst particle including sputter etching the nanotube to remove an amorphous layer, bend the nanotube to one side, open a hole in the nanotube, and cause detachment of the catalyst particle.
Abstract:
In accordance with the invention, a high density recording medium comprises an array of nanomagnets disposed within a matrix of material. The nanomagnets are advantageously substantially perpendicular to a planar surface. The nanomagnets are preferably nanowires of magnetic material or nanotubes filled or coated with magnetic material. Such media can provide ultra-high density recording with bit size less than 50 nm and even less than 20 nm. A variety of techniques are described for making such media.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) device, a method of manufacture therefore, and an optical communications system including the same. The device includes an electrode located over a substrate and a charge dissipation layer located proximate and electrically coupled to the substrate. The device may further include a moveable element located over the electrode.
Abstract:
A cathode with an improved work function, for use in a lithographic system, such as the SCALPEL™ system, which includes a buffer between a substrate and an emissive layer, where the buffer alters, randomizes, miniaturizes, and/or isolates the grain structure at a surface of the substrate to reduce the grain size, randomize crystal orientation and reduce the rate of crystal growth. The buffer layer may be a solid solution or a multiphase alloy. A method of making the cathode by depositing a buffer between a surface of the substrate and an emissive layer, where the deposited buffer alters, randomizes, miniaturizes, and/or isolates the grain structure at a surface of the substrate to reduce the grain size, randomize crystal orientation and reduce the rate of crystal growth.
Abstract:
A cathode with an improved work function, for use in a lithographic system, such as the SCALPEL™ system, which includes a buffer between a substrate and an emissive layer, where the buffer alters, randomizes, miniaturizes, and/or isolates the grain structure at a surface of the substrate to reduce the grain size, randomize crystal orientation and reduce the rate of crystal growth. The buffer layer may be a solid solution or a multiphase alloy. A method of making the cathode by depositing a buffer between a surface of the substrate and an emissive layer, where the deposited buffer alters, randomizes, miniaturizes, and/or isolates the grain structure at a surface of the substrate to reduce the grain size, randomize crystal orientation and reduce the rate of crystal growth.
Abstract:
A device for use in a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) optical device. The device includes a substrate having opposing first and second sides and a diffusion barrier layer formed over at least the first side. The device further includes a light reflective optical layer formed over the diffusion barrier layer on the first side of the substrate. The second side may desirably have a stress balancing layer located thereover.
Abstract:
The invention relates to use of a solder composition exhibiting a desired combination of high creep resistance at typical operating temperatures and low stress in formed solder joints. The invention uses a solder containing 82 to 85 wt. % Au, 12 to 14 wt. % Sn, and 3 to 4 wt. % Ga (optionally with up to 2 wt. % additional elements). The small amount of added Ga induces a significant depression in the liquidus temperatures of both Au and Sn, and thus a depressed melting point (about 27° C. less than eutectic Au—Sn solder), and also provides an enhanced temperature-sensitivity of the solder's creep resistance.
Abstract:
The invention provides a device comprising an oriented, perovskite PZT layer on a diamond substrate, or other substrates such as silicon or platinum-coated materials. Vapor phase deposition processes are used to deposit a PZT layer onto a perovskite template layer on the substrate. The template layer is more readily deposited in a perovskite structure compared to PZT, and provides for nucleation and growth of the deposited PZT in perovskite form. The vapor phase deposition promotes the oriented structure of the resulting film. The structure is useful in a variety of devices, including surface acoustic wave devices.