An apparatus including a carrier substrate configured to move a microelectronic device. The apparatus further includes a rotatable body configured to receive the microelectronic device. Additionally, the apparatus includes a second substrate configured to receive the microelectronic device from the rotatable body.
A display device comprises a display panel having a curved shape; a bottom case accommodating the display panel; and a heat dissipation plate disposed between the display panel and the bottom case, and comprising a first groove disposed on at least one surface thereof, wherein the first groove extends in an extending direction intersecting a curved side of the display panel.
A method for securing and removing modular elements employing latches is disclosed. A modular element may include a chassis body supporting electronic components. The body is in communication with a latch and a control member of the modular element. The modular element is removable from or secured to an enclosure using the latch. The latch may engage the enclosure and may remain engaged by being secured by interfacing with a catch of an arm of the control member. By connecting the arm to the control body with a living hinge, the living hinge may urge the catch into a detent of the latch to secure the latch and keep the modular element secured to the enclosure. The latch may be disengaged from the control member by applying a disengagement force to remove the catch from the detent. In this manner, the modular element is efficiently secured and removed from the enclosure.
The present invention discloses a curved display device. The curved display device comprises a frame bracket and a flexible towing component. Wherein, at least two fixed components are arranged on the frame bracket, the flexible towing component is connected between the two fixed components and tows the two fixed components, so that a main surface of the frame bracket assumes a curve Through the above way, the present invention can keep the frame bracket being bended so that the curvature of the curved display device can be kept.
An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a housing that includes a first surface directed in the first direction, a second surface directed in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and a lateral side that surrounds, at least in part, a space formed between the first surface and the second surface, a display, an antenna radiating body, a printed circuit board including a first hole and a metal member positioned in the first hole, a flexible connecting member disposed between a portion of the antenna radiating body and a portion of the metal member, a conductive plate configured for contacting the connecting member, or being formed by a portion of the connecting member to include a second hole, and a coupling member for coupling the conductive plate to the printed circuit board by passing through the second hole and contacting with the metal member.
Cable retention assemblies for use with head mounted displays are disclosed herein. In various embodiments, a head mounted display has a front display module containing a circuit board operatively coupled to the displays and having a first connector. A connection cable with a second connector is releasably connected to the first connector. A cable retention assembly attached to the front display module adjacent to the first connector has a cable receptacle releasably engaging the second connector and retaining the second connector in a substantially fix position relative to the first connector to substantially isolate the first connector from axial or torsional loads applied to the cable.
A semi-finished product for the production of a printed circuit board having a plurality of alternately arranged insulating layers and conductive layers and at least one hard gold-plated edge connector is characterized by the hard gold-plated edge connector being arranged on an inner conductive layer of the semi-finished product and being fully covered by at least one group of an insulating layer and a conductive layer. The inventive Method for producing a printed circuit board having a plurality of alternately arranged insulating layers and conductive layers and at least one hard gold-plated edge connector, where an outer conductive layer is surface treated, is characterized by the steps of providing a hard gold-plated edge connector on a group of an insulating layer and a conductive layer, covering the conductive layer and the hard gold-plated edge connector with at least one group of an insulating layer and a conductive layer, surface-treating an outer conductive layer to form connector pads for wire bonding of electronic components, cutting the insulating layers and the conductive layers down to the conductive layer forming the hard gold-plated edge connector, removing the insulating layers and conductive layers from the hard gold-plated edge connector. The inventive printed circuit board comprised of a plurality of alternately arranged insulating layers and conductive layers and at least one hard gold-plated edge connector is characterized by the hard gold-plated edge connector being arranged on an inner conductive layer of the printed circuit board, and the inner conductive layer forming the hard gold-plated edge connector protruding from the plurality of insulating layers and conductive layers.
A printed circuit board includes: a first electrode made of a tubular electric conductor formed on an inner wall of a first hole formed in the printed circuit board; a dielectric body disposed inside the first electrode; and a second electrode made of a tubular electric conductor formed on an inner wall of a second hole extending through the dielectric body, the second electrode having a center axis concentric with the first electrode.
A circuit board for an optoelectronic semiconductor chip includes an electrically conductive first metal foil, a first electrically insulating foil, an electrically conductive second metal foil, wherein the first electrically insulating foil is applied to the first metal foil at a top side of the first metal foil and mechanically connects thereto, the first electrically insulating foil has a recess in which the first metal foil is exposed, the recess electrically conductively fixes the optoelectronic semiconductor chip to the first metal foil within the recess, the second metal foil is applied at a top side of the first electrically insulating foil, the top side facing away from the first metal foil, and mechanically connects to the electrically insulating foil, the first electrically insulating foil is free of the second metal foil at least in the region of the recess, and the second metal foil electrically contacts the optoelectronic semiconductor chip.
A selective segment via plating process for manufacturing a circuit board selectively interconnects inner conductive layers as separate segments within the same via. Plating resist is plugged into an inner core through hole and then stripped off after an electroless plating process. Stripping of the electroless plating on the plating resist results in a plating discontinuity on the via wall. In a subsequent electroplating process, the inner core layer can not be plated due to the plating discontinuity. The resulting circuit board structure has separate electrically interconnected segments within the via.
A method of making an electronic device includes forming a circuit layer on a liquid crystal polymer (LCP) substrate and having at least one solder pad. The method also includes forming an LCP solder mask having at least one aperture therein alignable with the at least one solder pad. The method further includes aligning and laminating the LCP solder mask and the LCP substrate together, then positioning solder paste in the at least one aperture. At least one circuit component may then be attached to the at least one solder pad using the solder paste.
Provided is a stretchable circuit board having a sheet-like stretchable base capable of stretching and contracting, a stretchable interconnect part formed on or above at least one major surface of the stretchable base, and an external terminal connected to the interconnect part; the stretchable circuit board has a reinforcing area having in-plane rigidity higher than that of the stretchable base, and a stretchable area which remains after excluding the reinforcing area; the interconnect part is formed across a boundary part between the reinforcing area and the stretchable area; and a sheet-like stretchable auxiliary member capable of stretching and contracting is provided to the boundary part having the interconnect part formed therein.
Techniques are disclosed for regulating the temperature of a plurality of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) by monitoring the voltage drop across the LEDs. In one example, a driver circuit supplies a constant driver current to the LEDs. A temperature regulation circuit monitors the voltage drop across the LEDs to determine whether the junction temperature of the LEDs exceeds a maximum operating temperature. If the junction temperature of the LEDs exceeds the maximum operating temperature, the temperature regulation circuit uses digital pulse-width modulation (DPWM) to decrease a digital duty cycle of the driver current supplied to the LEDs.
A control device for power delivered to electrical loads in a load control system via respective load control devices may comprise a programming user interface for programming the operation of the load control system. The control device may be configured to select one or more load control devices in response to successive actuations of a programming button of the programming interface. The control device may be configured to controllably illuminate visual indicators of the programming interface to indicate which of the load control devices is selected in response to successive actuations of the programming button. The control device may transmit programming information to the load control devices. The programming information may determine which of the load control devices are responsive to a digital message transmitted on the digital communication link.
A method of providing power to solid state lighting is disclosed. The method includes starting a first cycle by providing current to the solid state lighting system, monitoring a solid state lighting system current level, and reducing the solid state lighting system current level when a predetermined peak current level is reached. A second cycle is commenced by increasing the solid state lighting system current level when a predetermined minimum current level is reached. Corresponding apparatus and computer-readable medium are also disclosed.
Provided is a surgical light with luminous intensity fine adjustment (LIFA) function, which includes a suspension or support system; one or more light heads carried by the suspension or support system; one or more light sources mounted in the light heads for being operable to supply lighting; one or more driving circuits connected to the light sources for being operable to drive the light sources; one or more operation interfaces connected to the driving circuits to allow for adjustment of the luminous intensities of the light sources between a topmost limit value of luminous intensity and a bottommost limit value of luminous intensity; one or more maximum LIFA activation/deactivation manners allowing the operation interfaces or the driving circuits to enter/exit the maximum/minimum LIFA mode for adjusting and storing the topmost/bottommost limit value of luminous intensity.
A single-stage power factor corrected light emitting diode (LED) driver circuit having a circuit input node, a circuit output node, and a circuit common node includes a first inductor, a second inductor, a coupling capacitor, a controllable switch, and an LED string. The first inductor is electrically connected in series between the circuit input node and the coupling capacitor, the second inductor is electrically connected in series between the circuit output node and the circuit common node, the coupling capacitor is electrically connected in series between the first inductor and the circuit output node, the controllable switch is electrically connected in series between a first internal circuit node and the circuit common node, the first internal circuit node located between the first inductor and the coupling capacitor, and the LED string is electrically connected in parallel with only the second inductor.
A device, non-transitory computer-readable medium, and method for disengaging a corrective action via a wearable unit are disclosed. In one example, a processor may receive a movement model for a type of motion of a user, collect sensor data associated with the type of motion of the user from a plurality of sensors of a wearable unit, and determine that the sensor data is not in accordance with the movement model. The processor may further provide a corrective action via the wearable unit in accordance with the movement model when it is determined that the sensor data is not in accordance with the movement model, detect a triggering condition for disengaging the corrective action, and disengage the corrective action when the triggering condition is detected.
A technique including deciding at a communication device between different types of signalling procedure for a data transmission to a network, based on one or more rules outside the control of the communication device; wherein said different types of signalling procedure have different signalling overhead profiles.
The present invention relates to a wireless communication method for simultaneous data communication and a wireless communication terminal using the same, and more particularly, to a wireless communication method for suppressing interference between terminals and ensuring fairness when performing data simultaneous communication for spatial reuse of communication system and wireless communication terminal using the same.For this, provided are a wireless communication method and a wireless communication terminal using the same. The method includes: receiving a wireless signal of a specific channel; extracting basic service set (BSS) identifier information of the received wireless signal; extracting length information from the wireless signal wherein the length information represents information relating to a transmission completion time point of the wireless signal; and adjusting a data transmission period of the terminal based on the extracted length information, when the BSS identifier information of the wireless signal is different from BSS identifier information of the terminal.
Provided are systems and methods for a network station identifying a communication schedule announced by a first wireless network station, determining that the first wireless network station has a right to generate an adjusted communication schedule, and causing transmission of an availability window schedule to the first wireless network station. The availability window schedule indicates one or more time slots during which communication with the wireless network station is inhibited.
A sounding method by a receiving device is provided. The receiving device receives an NDPA frame from a transmitting device, and then receives an NDP frame from the transmitting device. After receiving the NDP frame, the receiving device transmits to the transmitting device a feedback frame including subchannel information measured on a subchannel that is allocated to the first receiving device among a plurality of subchannels into which a predetermined band is divided.
Base station and User Equipment (UE) and methods to be performed therein for communication using a dynamic transmission parameter. The method to be performed in a base station comprises scheduling of transmission resources to a UE in an OFDM symbol associated with a dynamic parameter value. The base station is assumed to be associated with a carrier where a radio frame comprises at least one OFDM symbol associated with a fixed parameter value and at least one OFDM symbol associated with a dynamic parameter value, where the parameter is a cyclic prefix, CP, or a subcarrier spacing, Δf. The method further comprises determining a value of the parameter based on a characteristic of a radio link associated with the UE, and applying the determined value of the parameter when communicating with the UE in the scheduled transmission resources.
A method is disclosed for associating network devices to a network. The method can include receiving a beacon from a source by an antenna array, allocating resources to beamform and beamforming after receiving at least a portion of the beacon. The beamforming can be accomplished prior to completion of an association request and prior to receipt of an acceptance signal in response to the association request. Accordingly directional transmissions can be utilized transmit at least part of an association request and to transmit an acceptance signal corresponding to the association request.
Methods and systems are described which provide solutions for determining how to allocate terminals to slots in order to maximize communication system performance in the case where there is no feedback channel between a multiuser satellite receiver and terminals within the field of view. Terminals operate independently of each other and choose transmission slots based upon the geographic position of the terminal. Terminals can be programmed with a slot selector to choose slots according to some deterministic or non deterministic function of the current position. A slot plan database may be used to assist in efficient slot selection. Regular and irregular grid based allocation methods are described, that reduce the likelihood that too many terminals transmit using the same slot within the field of view. Satellite induced Doppler effects can be utilized be further increase slot re-use and to improve allocation of slots so that the receiver sees an approximately uniform distribution of frequencies over the frequency band to improve system throughput. The approaches described herein greatly reduce or eliminate the probability of failure at the receiver, which has numerous implementation advantages such as reduced cost, complexity, and power consumption.
The present invention relates to a data transmission method for a half-duplex device in a wireless communication system. The half-duplex device transmits first uplink data to a base station in an n-th subframe. The half-duplex device determines whether to receive downlink data which is a response to the first uplink data from the base station in an (n+r)-th (where r>1) subframe or to transmit second uplink data to the base station.
Adjustment of a downlink transmit power parameter, such as a ceiling level, is disclosed. Signal-to-noise type information and committed power information can be employed to determine the ceiling level adjustment. A ceiling level can be a predetermined cap on transmission power for downlink channels between a user equipment and a base station. Where there is sufficient headroom in total transmission power and a power level greater than the predetermined ceiling can be effective, the ceiling can be adjusted to greater values than the predetermined value. Where total transmission power is more committed, ceiling adjustment can be prevented. Further, where there is no adequate benefit from increasing the ceiling, the adjustment of the ceiling can be prevented. While some instances can result in optimized transmission levels below the ceiling, instances can also be accommodated where the ceiling is to be increased.
To suitably perform information transfer, while suppressing interference to other terminal stations, and preventing a reduction of a transmission opportunity of other terminal stations.A terminal station estimates a distance of another terminal station (within a receivable range), from an MCS or RSSI, for example, and controls a transmission power of itself, in accordance with a value weighted with respect to distance. For example, in the case where it is estimated that a number of terminal stations with a far distance has increased, from the value weighted with respect to distance, a transmission power of itself is lowered. As a result of this, transmission by multi-hop is explicitly performed, and it is possible to suppress electric wave interference of a multi-hop destination.
Methods and devices for offloading and/or aggregation of resources to coordinate uplink transmissions when interacting with different schedulers are disclosed herein. A method in a WTRU includes functionality for coordinating with a different scheduler for each eNB associated with the WTRU's configuration. Disclosed methods include autonomous WTRU grant selection and power scaling, and dynamic prioritization of transmission and power scaling priority.
In a heterogeneous network with a shared cell-ID, the current power control mechanism only configures common power control parameters for all UE in a macro cell, and this doesn't match the receiving power of a wireless access point associated actually, and may lead to serious interferences. The invention provides a method used for uplink power control in a UE of a heterogeneous network with a shared cell-ID, wherein, a wireless access point informs the UE of power control parameters which is related to an associated wireless access point of the UE in the heterogeneous networks, the UE determines a uplink power according to the power control parameters, and transmits uplink data based on the determined uplink power. The invention may configure uplink power for the UEs associated to different wireless access points in a heterogeneous network with a shared cell-ID, to make them have the power control parameters matching with their wireless access points. Thus it's allowed that a performance equivalence between different tiers of networks in a heterogeneous network.
Systems and methods are described for adjusting a sleep schedule of a wireless device in a wireless network. A mobility of a wireless device may be determined to exceed a threshold mobility. The wireless device may be operating in a sleep mode with a discontinuous reception schedule having listening intervals separated by sleep periods. A source access node may request to handover the wireless device to a target access node and may provide information to the target access node regarding the determined mobility and the determined sleep mode before handover completion. The target access node may then initiate wireless communication with the wireless device during a listening interval previously scheduled by the source access node. After the initial communication with the target access node, the wireless device may resume the previously determined sleep mode in order to optimize power use of the wireless device.
The disclosure relates to a method in a mobile terminal for communication with a base station in a wireless network during a random access procedure. The method comprises exchanging (202) between the mobile station and the base station, during the random access procedure, information on a selected DRX scheme to be used for communication between the mobile terminal and the base station in the random access procedure, setting (204) the mobile terminal in DRX mode according to the selected DRX scheme and receiving (206) at least one message from the base station during the random access procedure, wherein the at least one message was transmitted according to the selected DRX scheme. The disclosure also relates to a corresponding method in a base station, and to a mobile terminal and a base station. By such methods, base station and mobile terminals, battery power in a mobile terminal may be saved during a random access procedure.
Some aspects of the present disclosure provide for methods, apparatus, and computer software for low-power synchronization of wireless communication devices. In one example, an asynchronous code division multiple access (CDMA) channel may be utilized for uplink communication. By utilizing asynchronous CDMA on the uplink, synchronization requirements are relaxed relative to other forms of communication. Accordingly, a synchronization period after coming out of a sleep state can be short, reducing power consumption during re-synchronization. In another example, a low-power companion receiver, rather than the full-power WWAN receiver, may be utilized to acquire a sync signal while the device is in its sleep state. Once synchronism is achieved via the low-power companion receiver, the full-power radio may power up and perform communication with the network. By shifting the synchronization from the full-power radio to the low-power companion radio, power consumption during re-synchronization can be achieved.
The present invention relates to a method for supporting a self-organization network and an apparatus for the same. Particularly, the method comprises the steps of: transmitting, by a first base station, a broadcasting message including a utilization of the first base station; comparing, by a second base station, the operation rate of the first base station and the operation rate of the second base station using the broadcasting message; and performing, by the second base station, turn-off if the operation rate of the second base station is lower than the operation rate of the first base station, wherein the first base station and the second base station form a cluster by means of Delaunay triangulation.
Apparatus, systems and methods for maintaining connection to a wireless service provider on a mobile device. A mobile computing device having stored data and a morph engine is connected to a wireless service provider selected from a plurality of wireless service providers accessible by the mobile device. Triggering data is received at the mobile computing device, whereby the morph engine thereof compares this triggering data against the stored data to determine an optimal wireless service provider that maintains a wireless signal connection on the mobile device. The optimal wireless service provider is identified from the plurality of other wireless service providers, and the wireless signal connection on the mobile device is switched from the first wireless service provider to the optimal wireless service provider to maintain the wireless signal connection.
Embodiments disclosed herein provide systems, methods, and computer readable media for providing peer-to-peer wireless device communication over a wireless local area network. In a particular embodiment, a method of operating a wireless communication device in communication with a wireless wide area communication network (WWAN) and a wireless local area communication network (WLAN) is provided. The method includes receiving a request from a user to initiate a communication with a second wireless communication device and determining whether the second wireless device is in communication with the WLAN. Upon determining that the second wireless device is in communication with the WLAN, the method provides establishing the communication with the second wireless device as a peer-to-peer communication over the WLAN. Upon determining that the second wireless device is not in communication with the WLAN, the method provides establishing the communication with the second wireless device over the WWAN.
A communications system is described in which a core network apparatus provides a configuration for accessing a packet data network by a mobile communications device when operator determined barring is in place. Also disclosed are signalling messages used to control the setting up of the packet data connection, which messages are sent between a device in the core network and the mobile communications device.
Approaches are described for configuring a wireless network device, such as an access point, with appropriate configurations such that the device is operable in one or more country and/or regulatory domains. At least some embodiments enable the configuration process to operate in an automatic configuration mode, wherein at least one of a plurality of access points can be configured to automatically obtain and apply regulatory domain and country configurations to operate in a particular regulatory domain. Other approaches provide for configuring an access point based on a manual configuration approach, wherein a portable computing device can be used to configured the access point to operate in a particular regulatory domain.
An E-UTRAN neighbor cell list is broadcast in a GERAN network using the extended EARFCN value ranges (i.e., 18 bits). Extending the EARFCN value ranges in GERAN and signaling EARFCN values within the extended EARFCN value range to inter-RAT-capable UEs that camp in GERAN allow GERAN to support continued inter-RAT mobility between GERAN and E-UTRAN networks. E-UTRAN neighbor cell information may be communicated to UEs in the GERAN network by System Information message broadcasts using the extended EARFCN value ranges.
A method and apparatus for receiving extended access barring (EAB) parameters in a wireless communication system is provided. A user equipment (UE) receives an EAB parameter, and receives an EAB parameter modification. The received EAB parameter is invalidated upon receiving the EAB parameter modification. The UE also waits for applying EAB until modified EAB parameter is received, and receives the modified EAB parameter.
A computationally implemented system and method that is designed to, but is not limited to: electronically processing mobile operating system object code at least partially from mobile device storage to direct to one or more origination mobile communication device display surfaces an origination mobile communication device user interface presentation of communication characteristics information regarding one or more mobile operating system based communication devices for operation as one or more ad hoc intermediary relays of one or more fallback communication networks upon initiation thereof for communication between an origination mobile communication device and a destination electronic communication device. In addition to the foregoing, other method aspects are described in the claims, drawings, and text forming a part of the present disclosure.
A mobile application gateway configured to interconnect mobile communication devices on a cellular network with an enterprise network is provided. The mobile application gateway includes a voice and data signaling gateway configured to provide routing functionalities, service functionalities and admission control. A gateway GPRS support node (GGSN) is configured to establish a secure data session between one or more of the mobile communication devices and the enterprise network by establishing a GPRS tunneling protocol (GTP) tunnel between a carrier-hosted serving GPRS support node (SGSN) and the GGSN.
In one embodiment, a method includes discovering at a network device, a change in a resource at a local network site, notifying a load balancer at the local network site of the change in the resource, dynamically updating a weight associated with the resource, and transmitting the weight from the network device to a mapping system configured for mapping endpoint identifiers to routing locators. An apparatus and logic are also disclosed herein.
Systems and methods are described for assigning a profile to a wireless device in a communication network. Usage data associated with a wireless device may be received at a first access node. A first bearer profile may be assigned to a data transmission path. The usage data may be monitored for a set of criteria for a predetermined time period. A second bearer profile may be assigned to the data transmission path based on the usage data associated with the wireless device when the set of criteria is met. The wireless device may be detached from the communication network. The wireless device may be updated with the second bearer profile.
A communications apparatus includes a processor configured to identify positions where wireless communication with a mobile communications apparatus is possible, the positions being included in a coverage area of the communications apparatus; and obtain from a database that is inaccessible to the mobile communications apparatus, frequency information that indicates frequencies that can be used for the wireless communication at the identified positions; and an announcing unit configured to announce in the coverage area and by a radio signal, correspondence information that is based on the frequency information obtained by the obtaining unit and that correlates the positions and the frequencies that can be used.
A method for assessing performance of a cell in a network in which data is passed between layers in a protocol stack implemented by the cell. The method comprises calculating a data efficiency of data passing through a physical layer in the protocol stack via one or more higher layers in the protocol stack based on a comparison of a number of physical resource data units allocated to that data at the physical layer with a data throughput of one or more of the layers of the protocol stack. The method further comprises calculating an average efficiency by averaging the data efficiency over a predetermined time and normalizing the average efficiency with respect to a predetermined efficiency so as to generate a normalized average efficiency. The method also comprises comparing the normalized average efficiency with a target threshold and adjusting the operation of the cell if the normalized average efficiency differs from the target threshold by greater than a threshold amount.
In a system of surface markers, each surface marker includes a housing having an upper surface with a clear top that, when the surface marker is on a vehicle travel surface, is raised with respect to the vehicle travel surface. The housing includes a battery and photoelectric converter, as well as a sensor detecting vehicles, a wireless transceiver at least transmitting data, and processing circuitry all powered by the battery or converter. The surface marker communicates location information for the surface marker to a mobile terminal, directly or indirectly via a network, and communicates information relating to the vehicle to a remote server within the network. Surface markers may communicate only with each other and mobile terminals, or also communicate with network access points to forward information from other surface markers. Each surface marker optionally includes a reflector around at least a portion of the housing.
Method and apparatus for determining a coverage hole of a communication network along a road. The method includes: retrieving typical speed information on the basis of connection history that at least one first mobile device moves along the road; in response to detecting a connection drop when at least one second mobile device moves along the road, estimating a drop position of the at least one second mobile device on the basis of attribute information of the at least one second mobile device and the typical speed information; and determining the coverage hole on the basis of the drop position of the at least one second mobile device. In one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a corresponding apparatus.
Managing data security on a mobile device. Data associated with a mobile device is received; the data includes an identification (ID) of the mobile device and a location of the mobile device relative to one or more location sensor devices. A path is determined, relative to the one or more location sensor devices, through which the mobile device has travelled. An electronic security key is communicated to the mobile device based on determining that the path corresponds to a defined path associated with the mobile device.
Various embodiments relating to exchanging a cryptographic key between a display device and an input device via electrostatic communication are disclosed. In one embodiment, an interactive communication device includes one or more electrodes and a radio transceiver. The one or more electrodes may be excited to capacitively couple with one or more electrodes of a proximate communication device so as to capacitively send a cryptographic key from the interactive communication device to the proximate communication device. The radio transceiver may be configured to communicate with a radio transceiver of the proximate communication device via a radio channel. The interactive communication device may be configured to subsequently exchange encrypted communications with the proximate communication device over the radio channel. The encrypted communications may be encrypted using the cryptographic key.
A method provided in one embodiment includes receiving, at a packet gateway, a first binding update message from a mobile access gateway. The first binding update message has a destination address associated with a local mobility anchor. The method further includes extracting at least one session identifier associated with the mobile access gateway from the first binding update message, constructing an option field including the at least one session identifier, and appending the option field to the first binding update message to form a second binding update message. The method further includes sending the second binding update message to the local mobility anchor.
A method and system for implementing data routing of a roaming user are disclosed. The method comprises: configuring a roaming protocol between the home network and the roaming network; during the registering process of the user in the roaming network, performing an interactive negotiation between the home network and the roaming network, so as to determine one of the home network and the roaming network to allocate IP address according to the roaming protocol between the home network and the roaming network; and establishing the IP access bearer based on the IP address.
Some demonstrative embodiments include apparatuses, systems and/or methods of communicating a beacon frame. For example, a wireless station may be configured to 2generate a beacon frame having one or more fields including Neighbor Awareness Networking (NAN) information; and transmit the beacon frame over a Sub 1 Gigahertz (GHz) (S1G) band according to a discovery scheme including a plurality of NAN Discovery Windows (DW).
An interaction server controls access between a plurality of senders and/or users exchanging electronic interactions. A sender may identify a user with whom the sender desires to interact using a public identifier associated with the user. The interaction server may coordinate the desired interaction without revealing private information, such as information about private user resources (e.g., personal contact information, personal payment information, personal data, etc.). The interaction server may determine whether to provide an interaction by evaluating an access code, by determining whether a user is trusted, and/or the like. The interaction server may provide the interaction, a notice of the interaction, a payload associated with the interaction, and/or the like to a user resource associated with the public identifier if access is allowed.
A vehicle accessory can transmit a first signal to a mobile device, the first signal including a location of a vehicle. The mobile device can monitor its own location. The mobile device can assess whether one or more location-based criteria have been satisfied based on the location of the mobile device and the location of the vehicle. Upon determining that a location-based criterion has been satisfied, the mobile device can transmit a second signal to the vehicle accessory indicating that a function of the vehicle is to be controlled. Thus, for example, the mobile device can activate or de-activate vehicle features (e.g., door locking, vehicle defrosting, etc.) in a manner that capitalizes on efficient signal transmission.
A method of organizing components of a mobile communication device. The method comprises orienting a radio frequency identity chip of the mobile communication device relative to a general purpose near field communication transceiver of the mobile communication device, locating the radio frequency identity chip in a null region of an electromagnetic field radiated by the general purpose near field communication transceiver, whereby, the null region of the electromagnetic field may be below a threshold required to activate the radio frequency identity chip.
A system and method for transferring information among parties, such as an exhibitor and an attendee for an event, includes providing a near-field communication device to the exhibitor and a near-field communication device to the attendee. A computer server includes a processor, non-transitory memory, and a database. The near-field communication devices are coupled to the computer server in wireless communication. The exhibitor creates an exhibitor account on the database and loads it with information about the exhibitor. Similarly, the attendee creates an attendee account on the database and loads it with information about the attendee. A connection is established between the exhibitor and the attendee. The connection provides the exhibitor with access privileges to information in the attendee account and provides the attendee with access privileges to information in the exhibitor account.
Method, apparatus, and computer program product embodiments enable a wireless docking center device to manage one or more wireless and/or wired peripheral devices on behalf of a wireless dockee device. In an example embodiment, a wireless docking system may automatically provide only those peripherals to user's attention, which are in direct relation to user's activity and are meaningful to the user at each point in time. The set of offered peripherals may depend on the application, for example, video playing or web browsing, running in user's dockee device, such as a smartphone. An example embodiment may automatically take into account known user preferences/habits, location, etc. The selection of peripherals offered may automatically provide the best technical performance, for example, best quality display for a video. An example embodiment also enables the docking solution to allocate optimum peripheral resources on a dynamic usage basis for each user.
To manufacture a thermoacoustic energy converting element part, a plurality of first plates and a plurality of second plates are formed. The first plate is provided with a plurality of linear penetration slits which are in parallel with each other and separated along a direction perpendicular to an extending direction of the slit. The slit penetrates the first plate in a thickness direction. The second plate is not provided with any penetration slit. A plate assembly is formed by layering some of the plurality of first plates between adjacent two of the plurality of second plates of which main surfaces face each other. The plate assembly is provided with a plurality of communicating passages formed with the penetration slits adjoining each other in a layering direction. Portions of the assembly at both ends in the extending direction of the penetration slits are cut off to open the communicating passages on both sides of the assembly.
Methods are provided for equalizing the group delay of a sound reproduction system, in particular a system comprising acoustic transducers with at least one crossover between a lower-frequency and a higher-frequency range. A correction is applied to a signal in the lower-frequency range, including the crossover region, to substantially equalize the group delay for the lower-frequency range, and a signal delay is applied to a signal in the higher-frequency range to bring it into closer alignment with the equalized lower-frequency range signal. The methods may be implemented in the design of an acoustic transducer system and also via a computer program product, which can be implemented as an update or enhancement to an existing digital signal processor loudspeaker system.
In an approach for reducing feedback in a device, wherein a first audio signal is received by a device. A processor determines that an intensity value of the first audio signal is increasing above a predetermined threshold value. A processor determines whether the first audio signal includes a vowel type sound. A processor responsive to determining that the first audio signal does not include the vowel type sound clips the first audio signal.
The present disclosure illustrates an acoustic echo cancellation method and system using the same. The acoustic echo cancellation method comprises the following steps. Firstly, a prior-knowledge matrix comprising a plurality of space vectors is built. Then, an initial filter vector is generated by the prior-knowledge matrix and an initial weighting vector. The weighting vector is updated based on the difference of the echo signal and the estimated signal in an iteration algorithm, and the coefficient of the filter vector is updated according to the updated weighting vector. An estimated signal is generated according to the updated filter vector and the original signal. Finally, the next echo signal is cancelled by the near-end estimated signal.
A directivity pattern generator for producing sound patterns using a modal architecture is described. The directivity pattern generator may include a beam pattern mixing unit, which defines sound patterns to be emitted by an audio system in terms of a set of frequency invariant modes or modal patterns. The beam pattern mixing unit produces a set of modal gains representing the level or degree each of the predefined modal patterns is to be applied to a set of audio streams. Modal filters may be used to modal amplitudes that compensate for inefficiencies of the each modal pattern at low frequencies. The directivity pattern generator may include a modal decomposition unit for generating driving signals for each transducer in one or more loudspeaker arrays based on weighted values for the modal gains/amplitudes.
A stochastic channel state information transmission/reception method and apparatus is provided for use in a multiuser radio communication system. The signal method of transmitting and receiving signals in a terminal in a mobile communication system according to the present disclosure includes receiving a reference signal transmitted by a base station, estimating channel information based on the reference signal, predicting a channel estimation error based on the channel information, generating feedback information based on the channel estimation error, and transmitting feedback information to the base station.
A microphone is provided that ensures the electrical connection between a unit case and an audio-signal output circuit board. The microphone includes a unit case 10 having a shape of a hollow cylinder with a closed end and accommodating an electroacoustic transducer 20, an audio-signal output circuit board 40 connected to the electroacoustic transducer, and a microphone case accommodating the unit case and the audio-signal output circuit board, wherein the audio-signal output circuit board has a receiver 41 disposed on a portion of the peripheral edge of the audio-signal output circuit board, and an open end 11 of the unit case comes into contact with the receiver and is positioned when the unit case and the audio-signal output circuit board are accommodated in the microphone case.
There is provided a multi-flow optical transceiver that includes (a) a plurality of wavelength-tunable light sources, (b) a plurality of optical modulation units which modulates light with an input signal, (c) an optical multiplexing/demultiplexing switch which couples light from at least one of the wavelength-tunable light sources to at least one of the optical modulation units with any power, (d) an optical coupling unit which couples a plurality of lights, modulated by a plurality of the optical modulation units, to at least one waveguide, (e) at least one multiple carrier generating unit which generates multiple carries, arranged at equal frequency intervals, from light of the wavelength-tunable light source, and (f) a wavelength separation unit which branches the multiple carriers from the multiple carrier generating unit for each wavelength.
A water meter transmission system reads data from a water meter and wirelessly transmits data to a central billing or receiving system. Disclosed transmission systems are fully integrated and contained within pit housings such that the electronic components are well protected. A flat spiral VHF antenna is integrated into a specially configured integrated antenna cover which fits into the top cover of a pit housing. The antenna cover and/or upper lip area of the upper lip of the main housing comprises protrusions complementary to the distal barrier and medial barrier of the integrated cover and is used to exclude water and contaminates. Disclosed transmission systems offer high output and low power consumption and vitiate the need for meter readers to physically access a water meter or other meters.
A receiving circuit module and method for operating the same includes a housing receiving a first signal, a first encoder disposed within the housing encoding the first signal to form a first encoded signal and a second encoder disposed within the housing encoding the first signal to form a second encoded signal having a different format than the first signal.
Various embodiments of systems, apparatus, and/or methods are described for selectively obscuring a rendering of a media stream. In one implementation, the method includes receiving a request to render the media stream. The media stream is accessed through a first media source. A content identifier is identified for an event within the requested media stream. Based upon the content identifier, it may be discovered that the event is accessible through at least one second media source. The rendering of the requested media stream may then be obscured and a notification provided to a user that the event within the requested media stream is accessible through at least one second media source.
Apparatus and methods conforming to the present invention comprise a method of controlling playback of an audio signal through analysis of a corresponding close caption signal in conjunction with analysis of the corresponding audio signal. Objection text or other specified text in the close caption signal is identified through comparison with user identified objectionable text. Upon identification of the objectionable text, the audio signal is analyzed to identify the audio portion corresponding to the objectionable text. Upon identification of the audio portion, the audio signal may be controlled to mute the audible objectionable text.
Aspects of a method and system for customized acquisition of content by a broadband gateway are provided. A broadband gateway may be operable to determine options for acquiring particular content. The broadband gateway may be operable to rank the determined options. The ranking may be based on one or more characteristics of the options and based on user-specified criteria. The broadband gateway may be operable to select one of the options for acquiring the content based on results of the ranking. One or more of the options may be available via a first physical layer connection and one or more of the options may be available via a second physical layer connection. The gateway may rank the determined options based on attributes of one or more devices via which the particular content will be consumed.
Methods and systems for automatically transitioning content based on facial recognition, wherein the method may include receiving a signal from a camera, identifying a face of a viewer within an area, retrieving a user identifier associated with the face of the viewer, selecting a program, and displaying the program.
A system that incorporates teachings of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving multimedia data comprising program content and promotional content and forwarding the multimedia data is to a multimedia presentation device. A video cue is detected within the multimedia data, wherein the video cue is imperceptible during a normal display rate of the multimedia data. A selection for alternative display rate is received. Alternative content is forwarded to the display device responsive to the video cue and the selection for alternative display rate being different from normal display rate. Other embodiments are disclosed.
An approach for streaming audio feeds independently from visual feeds is provided. The approach includes processing programming information associated with one or more first devices proximate a user to determine one or more programs presented by the one or more first devices. The approach also includes presenting a user interface to the user for selecting from among the one or more programs. In addition, the approach includes determining an input from the user for selecting at least one of the one or more programs. The approach further includes streaming an audio feed of the at least one of the one or more programs to a second device associated with the user.
Additional information related to video signals input from an outside is obtained and superimposed on the video signals. Hence, video reception device which is configured to transmit and receive data through communication network includes input unit, video extraction unit, control unit and additional information display control unit. The control unit performs control of requesting video recognition device to perform video recognition processing on a partial video extracted by the video extraction unit, and obtaining a result of the video recognition processing and display control information of additional information from the video recognition device. The additional information display control unit performs control of calculating a display ending time of the additional information based on a system time at which the video extraction unit extracts the partial video, and the display control information, and superimposing the additional information on the video signal based on the display ending time.
A home screen display unit displays a global navigation screen 12 that is located on an upper layer with respect to a screen transition and that is used for selecting a category of content to be processed. The home screen display unit displays a content zone screen 18 that is located on a lower layer with respect to a screen transition and that is used for selecting a piece of content to be processed from among a plurality of pieces of content corresponding to the category selected in the global navigation screen 12. If a specific piece of content is selected in the content zone screen 18, a game screen display unit displays a screen of the selected content. The home screen display unit displays, in the global navigation screen 12, an image of at least a portion of the content zone screen 18 with image quality lower than that in the case where the image is displayed in the content zone screen 18.
Exemplary methods for generating and providing personalized dynamic live content feeds are described. Recommended live content can be dynamically and intelligently provided to users based upon their prior consumption history so that the recommendations are highly relevant to the user. Live content recommendations can be provided to the user using feeds only when content exists that the user is likely to be interested in. These feeds can be displayed only when a minimum number of a specific live content items of a particular type or category are currently airing, and can be removed from the user interface when the content finishes airing and/or the minimum number of items is no longer met.
One embodiment of the present invention sets forth a technique for streaming digital media content with transition effects. Audio data may be modulated and received by the streaming device for an audio fade-in effect. Similarly, video data may be modulated to perform various visual effects. Such a technique allows for fading-in of audio and/or video, fading-out of audio and/or video, and effects that blend audio from different content and video from different content during a transition from one digital media content to a different digital media content or within the same digital media content. The modulated audio and video data to generate the audio or video effect during a transition may be precomputed or computed in real-time and transmitted to the streaming device. The streaming device switches between original unmodulated content streams and effect content streams when transitions are detected.
A system and method for transcoding an entropy-coded bitstream is presented herein. The syntax elements of the entropy-coded bitstream are decoded and transcoded into a second format. The second format can comprise a simpler format for decoding. The foregoing advantageously alleviates the processing requirements for the video decompression engine.
Techniques are described for sub-prediction unit (PU) based motion prediction for video coding in HEVC and 3D-HEVC. In one example, the techniques include an advanced temporal motion vector prediction (TMVP) mode to predict sub-PUs of a PU in single layer coding for which motion vector refinement may be allowed. The advanced TMVP mode includes determining motion vectors for the PU in at least two stages to derive motion information for the PU that includes different motion vectors and reference indices for each of the sub-PUs of the PU. In another example, the techniques include storing separate motion information derived for each sub-PU of a current PU predicted using a sub-PU backward view synthesis prediction (BVSP) mode even after motion compensation is performed. The additional motion information stored for the current PU may be used to predict subsequent PUs for which the current PU is a neighboring block.
Provided is an inter prediction method including determining a collocated block of a current block of a current image from among blocks of an image that is restored prior to the current image; preferentially checking whether a first reference list from among reference lists of the collocated block is referred to and selectively checking whether a second reference list is referred to according to whether the first reference list is referred to; based on a result of the checking, determining a single collocated reference list from among the first reference list and the second reference list; determining a reference block of the current block by using motion information of the collocated reference list; and performing inter prediction on the current block by using the determined reference block.
Systems, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable media can acquire a first media content item. First mage dimensions associated with the first media content item can be determined. A first compression amount to be applied to the first media content item can be determined based on the first image dimensions associated with the first media content item. The first compression amount can be variable based on the first image dimensions associated with the first media content item. The first media content item can be compressed based on the first compression amount.
An image decoding method supporting a plurality of layers according to the present invention may comprise the steps of: generating an inter-layer reference picture set with respect to one or more reference layers to which a current picture can refer; generating an initial reference picture list including the inter-layer reference picture set; and predicting the current picture on the basis of the initial reference picture list. Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for generating a reference picture list including a picture of a layer, which is different from a layer to be currently encoded and decoded, and an apparatus using the same.
A video coding device performs a disparity vector derivation process for a current block of multi-view video data. The current block is in a current view. An availability value indicates that a disparity vector for the current block is unavailable when the disparity vector derivation process is unable to derive the disparity vector for the current block. When the availability value indicates that the disparity vector derivation process has not derived the disparity vector for the current block, the video coding device generates a disparity vector for the current block in another manner.
One video coding method includes at least the following steps: utilizing a visual quality evaluation module for evaluating visual quality based on data involved in a coding loop; and referring to at least the evaluated visual quality for performing de-blocking filtering. Another video coding method includes at least the following steps: utilizing a visual quality evaluation module for evaluating visual quality based on data involved in a coding loop; and referring to at least the evaluated visual quality for deciding a target coding parameter associated with de-blocking filtering.
A device and a method for controlling the same are disclosed, in which a user may control a 3D display device more conveniently and exactly. The 3D display device comprises a 3D display unit a measurement unit configured to obtain location information indicating a location of a user located in front of the 3D display unit, and a processor configured to control the 3D display unit and the measurement unit, wherein the processor obtains a first angle, which is a horizontal angle between the 3D display unit and the user, by using the location information, maintains an image displayed on the 3D display unit if the first angle is within a preset first angle range, and rotates the image displayed on the 3D display unit based on a vertical axis of the image and in a left or right direction according to the first angle if the first angle departs from the preset first angle range.
An encoding device and method, and a decoding device and method, capable of encoding and decoding a multi-viewpoint image in accordance with a mode having compatibility with an existing mode. A compatible encoder generates a compatible stream by encoding an image that is a compatible image. An image converting unit converts the resolution of images that are auxiliary images. An auxiliary encoder generates an encoded stream of the auxiliary image by encoding the auxiliary image of which the resolution is converted. A compatibility information generating unit generates, as compatibility information, information that designates the image as a compatible image. A multiplexing unit transmits the compatible stream, the encoded stream of the auxiliary image, and the compatibility information. The encoding device can encode a 3D image of the multi-viewpoint mode.
A method and apparatus for encoding and decoding depth lookup table (DLT) using a constrained table value range are disclosed. For a decoder, a constrained table value range from a minimum table value to a maximum table value of the DLT is decoded from the coded DLT information. Bit map values for depth values in a depth range from (the minimum table value+1) to (the maximum table value−1) are then decoded. The bit map values indicate whether the depth values are in the DLT respectively. The DLT for the current depth map can be reconstructed based on the constrained table value range and the bit map values for the depth values in the depth range. For an encoder, a constrained table value range from a minimum table value to a maximum table value of the DLT is determined and encoded the DLT into coded DLT information.
The disclosure extends to methods, systems, and computer program products for producing an image in light deficient environments with luminance and chrominance emitted from a controlled light source.
According to an aspect, a device includes a camera configured to obtain an image, an electromagnetic radiation sensor configured to produce at least one of ultra-violet (UV) light data and infrared (IR) light data associated with the image, a sensor processor configured to detect an illuminant type probability from probability data using at least one of the UV light data and the IR light data, where the illuminant type probability indicates a level of confidence that a light source associated with the image is a particular illuminant type, and an auto-white balance unit configured to adjust auto-white balance with the illuminant type probability.
Methods, systems and computer program products for automatic adjustment of video orientation are provided. A computer-implemented method may include receiving a video comprising a plurality of image frames, detecting an orientation change in the video, determining a standard orientation for the video, and adjusting the video to the standard orientation by resizing one or more of the image frames and by rotating one or more of the image frames to the standard orientation. The adjusted video in the standard orientation then may be provided to a user.
An imaging device to which an imaging optical system is attachable, includes a correction data generating unit that generates correction data to correct a sensitivity difference of first phase difference detecting pixel cells and second phase difference detecting pixel cells; and a signal correcting unit that corrects at least one of an output signal of the first phase difference detecting pixel cells and an output signal of the second phase difference detecting pixel cells in accordance with the correction data, in which the correction data generating unit calculates two ratios to generate the correction data based on the two ratios.
A method of removing a bad pixel from a pixel image is provided. The method includes determining whether a representative pixel representing at least one bad pixel is included in a kernel, determining whether a first pixel is a bad pixel when the representative pixel is included in the kernel, and compensating for the first pixel using a second pixel in the kernel when the first pixel is determined to be a bad pixel. The kernel has the first pixel at a center of the kernel.
An image sensing device, a system and a method thereof and a charge sensing device are provided. The image sensing device includes a charge sensor, a pixel circuit, a selector and a pulse generator. The charge sensor includes a sensing electrode and generates an induced charge on the sensing electrode. The pixel circuit transforms the induced charge into a pixel voltage. Before the image sensing device outputs the pixel voltage, the pixel circuit receives a pulse voltage from the pulse generator such that at least one transistor in the pixel circuit raises a hot carrier injection effect, so as to amplify the induced charge on the sensing electrode.
Methods, systems, and devices are described for presenting non-video content through a mobile device that uses a video camera to track a video on another screen. In one embodiment, a system includes a video display, such as a TV, that displays video content. A mobile device with an integrated video camera captures video data from the TV and allows a user to select an area in the video in order to hear/feel/smell what is at that location in the video.
A video processing apparatus analyzes an input video input from a video input unit, detects a plurality of moving bodies included in the input video, determines a main moving body and a sub moving body, and determines a sub picture position for superimposing and displaying a sub video in a main video in a picture-in-picture form. This video processing apparatus performs cut-out processing on the main video and the sub video from the input video, and synthesizes the cut-out main video and sub video to generate a picture-in-picture synthesized video in which the sub video is superimposed at the sub picture position of the main video in the picture-in-picture form. The picture-in-picture synthesized video is output in one stream.
A method for operating a camera system of a motor vehicle, in which images of an environmental region of the motor vehicle are captured by means of an image sensor of the camera system via an optic device and an image correction function is activated by means of a control unit of the camera system, in which a light fall-off in a boundary region of the images caused by the optic device is compensated for, wherein a current brightness level of the environmental region is captured by means of the control unit and the activation and deactivation of the image correction function are effected depending on the current brightness level.
In one shooting mode in a case where a flicker is detected by a flicker detecting unit, it is determined whether anti-flicker shooting is set, and a flicker icon is lighted and displayed on an in-viewfinder display unit in a different displaying form between when the anti-flicker shooting is set and when it is not set. In another shooting mode, in the case where the flicker is detected by the flicker detecting unit, the flicker icon is hidden.
In an imaging apparatus that includes a lens unit and a body unit, when a diaphragm value of a variable diaphragm is changed, the lens unit calculates an announcement value indicating the diaphragm value when a prescribed time period has passed since a detection time of a current diaphragm value of the variable diaphragm, and transmits the announcement value to the body unit, and the body unit controls exposure of an image sensor on the basis of the announcement value obtained from the lens unit.
A focal point detection device according to the present invention comprising: an image sensor having an imaging pixel and a focal point detection pixel; a camera-shake preventing section which moves the image sensor in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the photographic lens to correct camera shake and also outputs information on the movement of the image sensor; a calculation section to calculate a focal point adjustment signal, based on the output of the focal point detection pixel; a memory to store a correction value for correcting the focal point adjustment signal, depending on the image height position of the focal point detection pixel; and a correction section to correct the focal point adjustment signal, depending on the output of the memory, the information output by the camera-shake preventing section, and the position of the focal point detection pixel.
Method, device and computer program product for stabilizing a received video signal. A plurality of frames of the video signal is captured using a camera. The video signal is transmitted as an encoded bit stream. Displacement of the camera between successive frames is determined from a motion indication in the bit stream. The determined displacement is used to compensate for motion in the video signal between successive frames caused by the motion of the camera, to thereby stabilize the video signal.
An image pickup apparatus is equipped with a distance information calculator, a high frequency signal extractor, a focus assist signal generator, and a signal synthesizer. The distance information calculator calculates distance information of a video signal and generates an in-focus range signal from current focus information and the distance information. The high frequency signal extractor extracts a high frequency signal of the video signal. The focus assist signal generator generates a focus assist signal representing a focused region by using the high frequency signal and the in-focus range signal. The signal synthesizer synthesizes the focus assist signal with the video signal to generate a focus-assist-signal-added video signal.
An image pickup apparatus including an image pickup unit for outputting image signals obtained by respectively photoelectrically converting light passing through different exit pupil areas of a focusing optical system, and a setting unit for setting a focus detection area into an image pickup area of the image pickup unit, stores at least one approximate function for calculating correction values of the image signals obtained by the image pickup unit in an approximation manner, obtains an approximate function effective for the correction at least in the focus detection area set by the setting unit on the basis of at least the one stored approximate function to calculate a correction value in accordance with the obtained approximate function; and performs a focus detection by using the image signals obtained by the image pickup unit and the calculated correction values.
A camera module includes: a driving part comprising a lens module; a fixed part spaced apart from the driving part; a suspension wire having a first end fixed to the fixed part and a second end fixed to the driving part; and a damper part enclosing at least a portion of the suspension wire.
Mounting systems and kits for video recording devices, including a housing partially disposed within a suspension element, the suspension element having a mounting bracket connected thereto, and one or more shock-absorbing elements positioned at an interface or disposed at least partially between at least a portion of the housing and the suspension element. The housing can also include one or more thermal management or temperature control elements, including one or more heating elements, cooling elements, thermal conducting elements, heat dissipating elements, and/or ventilation elements. A kit can include a plurality of thermal management elements, including a variety of interchangeable thermal management modules for selectively heating and/or cooling the video recording device.
Method and apparatus for processing multimedia data received via different networks by synchronizing time stamps of video frames of multimedia data received via the different networks using time codes in the multimedia data.
An image forming apparatus has a clock supply circuit supplying a signal at a first clock frequency or a second clock frequency lower than the first frequency, a first CPU performing image data processing based on the signal, and a second CPU measuring time based on the signal to determine execution timing of each process performed in control processing. The image forming apparatus includes a load determination unit determining whether a load of the image data processing is higher than a reference level, and a control unit that switches the frequency to the first frequency when the load is higher than the reference level, and to the second frequency when the load is not higher. When the frequency switching occurs, the second CPU changes a method for measuring time. The second CPU completes one process before the switching and starts the next one after the switching.
An image inspection apparatus includes: a light source configured to emit white light onto a test image formed on a paper sheet; an optical lens system configured to receive light reflected by the paper sheet, the reflected light being of the white light emitted from the light source; a separating unit configured to separate light having passed through the optical lens system; a reading unit configured to receive the separated light at the different wavelengths, and optically read the test image of the light; and a control unit configured to calculate edge blurs at a rising edge and a falling edge of each set of image data of the light obtained by the reading unit reading the test image, calculate widths of the test image, and determine the width calculated from the set of image data having the smallest edge blur to be the width of the test image.
In general, an image forming apparatus according to the present embodiment comprises an image forming section, a reading section and a controller. The image forming section forms an image on a sheet. The reading section reads the image on the sheet to generate scan image information. The controller generates background image information obtained by excluding extraction image information from the scan image information and forms the background image information, first identification information of the sheet and orientation information indicating orientation of the sheet on the sheet through the image forming section.
An image processing apparatus comprises: a display that displays a first screen including one or more than one first key for setting a mode to execute a function of the apparatus, and then, if one of the first keys is pressed, displays a second screen including one or more than one second key, which is a lower-class screen under the pressed first key; and a customizing portion that hides at least one of the first and the second keys on the first screen, according to a user operation, and wherein if a user changes to non-display, the setting of at least one of the first keys on the first screen, while there exists a second key preliminarily prohibited from being hidden, on the second screen that is a lower-class screen under the first key to be hidden according to the changed setting, the customizing portion doesn't hide the first key.
An image forming apparatus includes: a tray on which at least one sheet is loaded; a sensor and a controller. The sensor measures overall weight of the sheet loaded on the tray. The controller calculates decrement from the overall weight measured by the sensor upon completion of a job. The controller calculates total weight of the sheet loaded on the tray through execution of the job. The controller executes a logout process based on the decrement and the total weight.
A method automatically parameterizes error detection of an image inspection system by a computer. The method includes digitizing a reference image in order to determine desired values and subdividing the reference image into homogeneous image regions with few edges, and inhomogeneous image regions with strongly structured image areas and many edges. Lower tolerance values for the homogeneous image regions, and higher tolerance values for the inhomogeneous image regions of the digitized reference image are determined by statistical image analyses. The determined tolerances are assigned to their respective desired values in dependence on a position of the desired values in homogeneous or inhomogeneous image regions. An inspection sensitivity is calculated from desired values and their respective tolerances. The parameters of the image inspection system are set with the aid of the inspection sensitivity configuration of the image inspection system using the parameters.
According to one embodiment, a maintenance system includes an image pickup unit and a control unit. The image pickup unit picks up images of respective regions of a target apparatus defined beforehand. The control unit acquires image data picked up by the image pickup unit and calculates parameters of the target apparatus on the basis of the image data.
A method to discriminate a signal as a DTMF digit is operative in a service provider having a VoIP-based media server. The media server accepts both in-band DTMF and RTP telephone events. A digit detection module receives as input a data stream that may include one or more DTMF digits. The module processes the input data stream and provides, as output, an indication of what digit(s) have been detected and from what source (e.g., in-band audio, an RTP 2833 telephone event, of both). The output is then further processed by a discrimination algorithm to make a final digit determination. If RTP telephone events are detected, the algorithm prefers them and ignores in-band DTMF until the call ends or the media is re-negotiated. The approach detects when duplicate digits of differing types are initially received and only accepts one of them, regardless of spacing or duration.
Systems and methods that enhance or route data messages, for example by optimizing transmission of data packets through a computer network between devices is provided. The intermediary device can receive a data message having a characteristic. A session management mechanism can identify, based on the characteristic of the message and a characteristic of a pre-existing session, a tuple. Based on the tuple, the session management mechanism can modify the pre-existing session to generate a modified pre-existing session that includes the data message. A session lobby mechanism can obtain an indication of the modified pre-existing session and can pool the modified pre-existing session with a plurality of additional sessions. Responsive to a selection received by the session assignment mechanism from a live interaction component of a contact center agent computing device, the session assignment mechanism can provide the modified pre-existing session to a contact center agent computing device.
A system for recommending a communication medium for interacting with a customer of a contact center, the system includes: a processor; and memory, wherein the memory has stored therein instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to: detect a first interaction via a first medium with the customer; identify a plurality of communication mediums based on constraints for determining one or more candidate communication mediums that are different from the first medium for a second interaction with the customer; for each communication medium of the candidate communication mediums, estimate an expected value to be obtained by utilizing the communication medium for the second interaction; and select a particular communication medium of the candidate communication mediums based on the estimates for establishing the second interaction via the selected communication medium.
The system and method detect a communication device being connected to a network. It is determined if the communication device will be used by an Agent the contact center. If the communication device will be used by an Agent in the contact center, a contact center display application is downloaded onto the communication device. The contact center display application is used to display contact center status information. The contact center status information is transmitted to the communication device. The communication device receives the contact center status information and displays the contact center status information via the contact center display application that was downloaded onto the communication device.
A mobile terminal is disclosed. A mobile terminal according to the present invention includes: a terminal body composed of at least one case; a display provided to a front side of the terminal body; and a rear input module provided to a rear side of the terminal body and including at least one button to receive control commands from a user, wherein the rear input module is covered by the at least one case such that the at least one button is not exposed. Accordingly, the rear input module is not exposed to the outside.
A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing therein a packet processing program for causing a computer to execute a process includes specifying, according to acquisition of an IP packet, on the basis of information for specifying a communication session included in a header of the acquired IP packet, a communication session in which the acquired IP packet is transmitted and received, referring to management information corresponding to the specified communication session, and discarding the acquired IP packet when the management information corresponding to an IP packet identifier of the acquired IP packet is present and, when the management information corresponding to the IP packet identifier of the acquired IP packet is absent, storing the management information corresponding to the IP packet identifier of the acquired IP packet in the storage.
This disclosure relates to techniques for electronic devices to identify application streams multiplexed onto a multipath transmission control protocol (MPTCP) connection using MPTCP signaling. According to one embodiment, an MPTCP connection may be established between an electronic device and a remote endpoint. Each of two or more application streams (each associated with a respective application) may be communicated between the two endpoints over the same MPTCP connection. MPTCP headers of MPTCP packets of each application stream may include application specific tags identifying the MPTCP packets of each application stream, respectively, as corresponding to their respective application stream.
A computing system includes a hierarchical set of servers. The hierarchical set includes a master server and one or more slave server. The master server and slave servers communicate with at least one non-intelligent user system over a communications network. The master server has full access to each non-intelligent user system. The master server controls access permissions for each slave server to the non-intelligent user system(s). Each higher level slave server can control access permissions for sub-level slave server(s) to the non-intelligent user system(s). A master or, if permitted access, a slave server, creates a window in a display of the non-intelligent user system, and can provide access to the window to any lower-level slave server to send pixels to fill that window. The pixels can be the graphics output of an application such as a browser or spreadsheet or the pixels can be video (either live or read from a hard drive). In other applications of the servers, the server system can control output on components of the user system, and receive input from components and peripherals of the user system, all via communications over the network. Access to respective non-intelligent user systems is dictated by the master server and each higher level slave server of the hierarchical set of servers. Data representing input of components and peripherals is multiplexed and communicated over the network by the user system, and data representing output of components of the user system is received by the user system over the network and demultiplexed and delivered to the component for output on the user system.
In a system with a policy server, a first device able to communicate with the policy server and a second device able to communicate with the first device and unable to communicate with the policy server, the first device is to act as a policy proxy. The policy server may push to the first device a policy for the second device, and the first device may push the policy to the second device.
In one embodiment, one or more computing systems receive a request for a location prediction for a user from a service. The computing systems access one or more real-time location signals and one or more aggregated location signals. The aggregated location signals may comprise one or more previous location signals. The computing systems may then generate one or more location predictions from the one or more real-time location signals and the one or more aggregated location signals, and calculate a single location prediction for the user from the one or more location predictions. The computing systems may then send, in response to the request, the single location prediction for the user to the requesting service.
Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to identify a first request having a first source port number, from a device. Examples disclosed herein determine whether a second request, having a second source port number, is within a threshold number of ports from the first source port number. Examples disclosed herein group the first and the second requests as a first session when the second source port number is within the threshold number of ports from the first source port number, and identify an application associated with the first session.
Described herein are systems and methods for analyzing social media data for assets and related sub-assets, and simultaneously displaying the analysis for assets, sub-assets, and contributing social media content items to give the user insight into the analysis. The analysis may be based on user selection of a time frame, and may also include a historical timeline that plots different lines for different assets. The user may select one of the assets and cause related sub-assets and social media content items to be simultaneously displayed.
The present invention relates to a method and system of preserving an active session with a site at a first user equipment and downloading or uploading contents or data on at least one second user equipment in a communication network. In one embodiment, this can be accomplished by registering the first user equipment, at least one second user equipment and a server with at least one lookup server, the first user equipment, the second user equipment and the lookup server are tagged with a unique identifier, browsing to select the content in the site at the first user equipment via a first communication link and redirecting automatically the selected temporarily content from the first UE to the identified second available UE for downloading or uploading, wherein the redirection is based on the unique ID of the content.
According to an embodiment, a data sharing device includes a first storage to store first information; a second storage to store second information that is a copy of the first information; a difference generator to compare, when the first information stored in the first storage is changed, the changed first information with the second information, extract a difference therebetween if any, and generate first difference information indicating the difference; a difference transmitter to transmit the first difference information to another data sharing device; a difference receiver to receive second difference information generated in another data sharing device; a difference reflector to reflect a difference indicated by the second difference information in the first information stored in the first storage, and cause the first difference generator not to generate the first difference information when the difference indicated by the second difference information is reflected.
Systems and methods for remotely controlling a medical device are disclosed. Such systems and methods may include the providing of computer executable instructions for presenting a graphical user interface capable of providing remote user input to the medical device, wherein the graphical user interface is at least substantially a true screen representation of an interface of the at least one medical device. At least one network port may be capable of remotely receiving the user input information. Responsive to the input information, a driver associated with the medical device may be configured to control the medical device responsive to the input at the remote graphical user interface.
A collaborative phone-based file exchange technique that wirelessly synchronizes a user's work context with his or her mobile phone and makes this context readily available and sharable in collaborative situations. When the user is away from their desk, collaboration with others is possible by sharing/downloading between the mobile phone and a paired PC, which may be a colleague's computer or a meeting room workstation/computer. When the user returns to their office, any recently downloaded files are automatically synchronized back to their office PC.
Streaming media, such as audio or video files, is sent via the Internet. The media are immediately played on a user's computer. Audio/video data is transmitted from the server under control of a transport mechanism. A server buffer is prefilled with a predetermined amount of the audio/video data. When the transport mechanism causes data to be sent to the user's computer, it is sent more rapidly than it is played out by the user system. The audio/video data in the user buffer accumulates; and interruptions in playback as well as temporary modem delays are avoided.
Distributed conferencing systems and methods provide local meeting contents to remote participants. In accordance with various example embodiments, a plurality of authorized source units generate media content responsive to and representative of respective content for a meeting. In response to the generated media content, one or more data streams are developed at each authorized source, each stream being a separately-decodable real-time representation of at least a portion of the media content generated at the respective authorized source. The separate data streams are transmitted by each authorized source to a common multicast IP group address for retrieval/access by remote participants.
The present invention relates to an application that is configured to be operated in a multi-participant environment on a computer network. The application manages participants in an online session of a multi-user application so that if one of the participants exits the session, the session can continue without interruption. The application initiates an online session of the multi-user application, wherein the online session includes two or more participants comprised of network computers that are communicatively linked to a computer network. If the application detects that a first participant has disconnected from the online session, wherein the first participant is responsible for managing certain managerial functionality associated with the running of the multi-user application, then the application broadcasts a notification to existing participants of the online session over the communication network, thereby notifying the existing participants that the first participant has disconnected from the online session. The initiating application then re-assigns the functionality associated with the first participant to an existing participant of the online session. The participants can be communicating in a peer-to-peer arrangement or can be performing server duties in a client-server arrangement.
A method implemented by a server in communication with a client for supporting an online communication platform for parents of children enrolled at a school. The method includes receiving a class search request from the client describing class search criteria. The server sends a set of virtual classes associated with the selected virtual school that match the class search criteria. The server receives a selection of a virtual class from the client where the virtual class responds to a real-world class offered during an academic term. The server adds a user as a member of the virtual class.
The disclosure includes a system and method for providing a customized stream of content to a user. The system includes: an item sourcer for gathering one or more content items from one or more content sources; a behavior indicator module and scorer for determining one or more behavior scores for the one or more content items; a content indicator module and scorer for determining one or more content scores for the one or more content items; a score combiner for aggregating the one or more behavior scores and the one or more content scores to generate one or more item scores for the one or more content items; a content diversifier for determining one or more diverse items from the one or more content items; and a stream generator for generating a customized stream of content for the user from the one or more diverse items.
The present invention provides a telecom control function in a communication terminal. The telecom control function is configured to receive call indicia when a call tag in a software entity, such as an application or electronic document, is selected by a user of the communication terminal. The call indicia provides information associated with a remote party with which a call is being requested by the user. The telecom control function may use the call indicia along with user indicia obtained from the user and indirectly establish a call with the remote party using a telephony terminal other than the communication terminal. If the communication terminal includes a telecommunication client capable of supporting a call, the telecom control function may instruct the telecommunication client to directly initiate the call with the remote party using the call indicia.
A method includes a proxy device receiving from a source device a request to establish a flow to a destination device; generating, based on the request, a meta-packet that indicates that the flow to the destination device is to be proxied; determining whether a pre-established flow connecting the proxy device to another proxy device that leads toward the destination device exists; sending the meta-packet on the pre-established flow, when it is determined that the pre-established flow exists; receiving by the other proxy device, the meta-packet, and establishing the flow to the destination device based on the meta-packet, where the proxy devices assign one or more of a source address, a source port, a destination address, or a destination port, associated with the source device and the destination device, to the pre-established flow.
This disclosure provides the ability for a cloud application to specify its security requirements, the ability to have those requirements evaluated, e.g., against a specific cloud deployment environment, and the ability to enable the application to control a cloud-based security assurance service to provision additional security technology in the cloud to support deployment (or re-deployment elsewhere) of the application if the environment does not have the necessary topology and security resources deployed. To this end, the application queries the service by passing a set of application-based security rights. If the security capabilities provided by the security assurance service are sufficient or better than the application's security rights, the application functions normally. If, however, the security environment established by the security assurance service is insufficient for the application, the application is afforded one or more remediation options, e.g., issuing a request to upgrade the security environment, or the like.
Systems and methods are described for detecting domain name impersonation in the domain name system (DNS). A nefarious party may register a domain name in the DNS that impersonates a domain name associated with a company in an attempt to lure users to malicious destination network addresses based on their trust of that company. This may lead to the dilution of the company's online presence as its domains come to be associated with malicious activity. In embodiments, a system is described which receives inputs from a subscriber including the domain names the subscriber wishes to protect, ignore, or give special scrutiny to. The system receives instances of domain names registered in the DNS and performs methods to determine if the domain name is attempting to impersonate the domain names of the subscriber. Alerts are generated so that the subscriber may take corrective action.
A candidate malware that potentially includes at least one malicious element is received. The candidate malware is executed using a virtualized environment. A determination is made that the candidate malware, while executing using the virtualized environment, has taken at least one anti-virtual machine action, wherein the anti-virtual machine action is indicative of an attempt by the candidate malware to evade detection of the malicious element by the system when the candidate malware is executed using a virtualized environment. In response to the determination, an alert that the candidate malware is malicious is generated as output.
Multi-node affinity-based examination for computer network security remediation is provided herein. Exemplary methods may include receiving a query that includes a selection of Internet protocol (IP) addresses belonging to nodes within a network, obtaining characteristics for the nodes, determining communications between the nodes and communications between the nodes and any other nodes not included in the selection, determining a primary affinity indicative of communication between the nodes and a secondary affinity indicative of communication between the nodes and the other nodes not included in the selection, and generating a graphical user interface (GUI) that includes representations of the nodes in the range and the other nodes outside the range, placing links between the nodes in the selection and the other nodes not included in the selection based on the primary affinity and the secondary affinity, and providing the graphical user interface to a user.
Generally discussed herein are systems, apparatuses, and methods for secure transfer of content across a security boundary. A system can include a high side domain communicatively coupled to a transfer guard module, the high side domain comprising a high side data repository, a first review module executable by processing circuitry to determine whether a permission level of first content violates a permission level of the high side domain, a second review module executable by the processing circuitry to determine whether second content from the high side data repository includes a permission level that violates a permission level of a low side domain, a first data diode module communicatively coupled between the first review module and the high side data repository, and a second data diode module communicatively coupled between the second review module and the high side data repository.
Systems and methods to automatically generate signatures used to detect malware are provided. The systems and methods use machine learning techniques, to build an over-trained heuristic model to analyze software, cluster identified patterns, validate the clusters against known reputational metrics, automatically create signatures and, in some examples, deploy such signatures to remote computing devices.
In an example, a system and method are provided for validating the sender of a message, such as an e-mail, text message, voice mail, network message, internet posting, or other electronic message. An authenticity server engine may first prescreen the message with anti-spam, anti-malware, and other filters. The screened message is then provided to the end user. If the end user deems the message suspicious, he may request additional validation. The authenticity server engine may then apply an example four-phase validation scheme, including analyzing header data for consistency with the message body, analyzing public data sources, analyzing private data sources, and receiving a result of an off-channel challenge to the sender. The server may then assign the message a sender validity confidence score.
A method to implement multifactor authentication of a user may include performing biometric authentication of a person that bears the wearable electronic device and at least one of: performing knowledge-based authentication of the person or presenting an access control token of the wearable electronic device to an access reader that performs token-based authentication of the person. Performing biometric authentication may include receiving a first biometric signal generated by a wearable electronic device and determining a person-specific biometric characteristic of the person therefrom; comparing the person-specific biometric characteristic to a user-specific biometric characteristic of the user determined from a second biometric signal generated when the wearable electronic device was born by the user; and based on the comparing, determining a confidence level that the person is the user to determine a positive or negative authentication of the person as the user.
A technique for network authentication interoperability involves initiating an authentication procedure on a first network, authenticating on a second network, and allowing access at the first network. The technique can include filtering access to a network, thereby restricting access to users with acceptable credentials. Offering a service that incorporates these techniques can enable incorporation of the techniques into an existing system with minimal impact to network configuration.
Information processing system includes a first certification device which executes a first temporary certification, creates a first temporary certificate, transmits it to an external device, carries out a first formal certification and creates the first formal certificate, a second certification device which executes a second temporary certification based on the first temporary certification, creates a second temporary certificate, transmits it to the external device, carries out a second formal certification and creates the second formal certificate, and a processing device which verifies a validity of the first formal certificate corresponding to the first temporary certificate and a validity of the second formal certificate corresponding to the second temporary certificate from the user, in response to a information processing request from the user and determines to execute the information processing corresponding to the information processing request based on the verification result.
In one implementation, a processing system receives a request from a client device to access a user account of the user. In response to receiving the request, the processing system transmits credential data, which corresponds to a credential and which indicates client device data to transmit in response to receiving the credential data. The processing system receives the client device data from the client device, identifies an issuer of the credential, and transmits the client device data to the issuer of the credential.
A data processing method and apparatus, where the method includes acquiring a first network data packet that is sent by a target application that runs in an untrusted execution domain, where the first network data packet includes a first identifier; acquiring, in a trusted execution domain, first data corresponding to the first identifier; generating, in the trusted execution domain, a second network data packet according to the first data and the first network data packet; performing, in the trusted execution domain, encryption on the second network data packet by using a first session key to acquire an encrypted second network data packet; and sending the encrypted second network data packet to the target server. The data processing method and apparatus in the embodiments of the present invention can effectively prevent an attacker from stealing data.
In embodiments of the present invention improved capabilities are described for managing digital rights management (DRM) protected content sharing in a networked secure collaborative computer data exchange environment through a secure exchange facility managed by an intermediate organizational entity amongst users of a plurality of other organizational entities, wherein computer data content and access rights for the computer data content is shared between a first and second user, the computer data content and access rights for the computer data content are transformed into a DRM protected computer data content through communications with a DRM engine, wherein the DRM engine is selected based on a content type of the computer data content, and the DRM engine is provided by an entity other than the intermediate organizational entity and other than any of the plurality of other organizational entities.
A method is provided to enhance efficiency of sensor event data transmission over network. Specifically, a method is described to buffer a set of sensor data, to group one or more of the set of sensor data having a same type for batch processing. The batch processing includes compressing and securing operations on the grouped sensor data, and restore the original message sequence of the grouped sensor data.
Using DNS communications to filter domain names is disclosed. A domain name is extracted from a received DNS request. The received DNS request is blocked in response to determining based on a policy that access to the domain name of the DNS request is not permitted. In some cases, such a DNS request is responded to with a spoofed DNS response.
In an embodiment, a computer-implemented method detects updates to a domain name system record system. In the method, a stream of data points is received with each data point describing a record of a domain name system. For respective data points, a processor is selected from a plurality of processors. The processors are each configured to apply a data point against a common filter that assesses whether the data point is in a set. At the selected processor, the respective data point is applied to the common filter to determine whether the record is included in the set. When the record is determined not to be included in the set, a message is provided to indicate that the domain name system includes a new record, and the common filter is updated to include the data point in the set.
Described herein are aspects relating to a system and method for scaling a session initiation protocol communication system that allows components of the system to be distributed and/or scaled across multiple and different hardware, networks, systems, and locations.
There are provided a system, a method and a computer program product for suggesting content to a group. The system identifies a group of users in a social network. The system receives inputs associated with the social network group. The system aggregates the received inputs. The system analyzes the aggregated inputs. The system searches, based on the aggregation and the analysis, one or more tailored content to be delivered to the group in Internet, one or more database and one or more data warehouse. The system delivers the tailored content to the group in the social network.
A method for saving an email to an electronic storage location is disclosed. A topic identifier located in the email is used to locate a storage location on the electronic storage device for saving the email message. Emails relating to the same topics of interest may be stored in the same storage location.
A method, computer program product, and system for identifying attributes of a link embedded in a digital communication, generating a list of alternative links based on the identified link attributes by searching the internet for alternative links; organizing the list of alternative links based on characteristics of a recipient of the digital communication, and selecting an alternate link from the list of alternative links based on the characteristics of the recipient, wherein the selected alternate link provides comparable content to the recipient as the link.
A computer-implemented method, computer program product, and computing system is provided for the interaction between a CRM system and a instant messaging system. According to an implementation, a computer-implemented method may include identifying, by one or more processors, one or more individuals associated with an opportunity included within a CRM system. The method may also include creating, by the one or more processors, an instant message buddy list group associated with the opportunity. The method may also include populating, by the one or more processors, the instant message buddy list group with at least a portion of the one or more individuals.
An apparatus and method of operating a network traffic policing module includes a data ingress port configured to receive data frames transmitted over the network, a data egress port configured to transmit a set of the data frames to the data egress port and a logic device configured to execute a set of compliance tests on the data frames received at the data ingress port and transmits to the data egress port only a set of data frames that are compliant with the set of compliance tests.
System, method and apparatus for network congestion management and network resource isolation. A high level network usage and device architecture is provided that can satisfy buffering and network bandwidth resource management for data center networks. The congestion management can be defined to bring the reaction point closer to the network ports. In one embodiment, the reaction point is resident in a network interface card (NIC).
A slotted message access protocol can be implemented for transmitting short packets. Each beacon period may be divided into multiple time slots. At least one time slot may be assigned to a network device per beacon period based, at least in part, on latency specifications of packets that the network device is configured to transmit. In one example, some of the unassigned time slots may be designated as contention-based time slots. Network devices may contend with each other to gain control of and transmit packets during a contention-based time slot based on the priority level of the packets to be transmitted. Network devices may also use an encryption key and an initialization vector for securely exchanging short packets. Furthermore, a repeater network device may be designated to retransmit a packet, received from an original transmitting network device, during a communication time slot assigned to the original transmitting network device.
A method, computer program product, and system for adjusting network traffic balance among a plurality of communication links between a first network node and a second network node on a computing network includes a processor receiving over a computing network from a network device, performance metrics for a plurality of communications links between a first network node and a second network node on the computing network and based on receiving the performance metrics, the processor determines degradation in network performance on at least one of the plurality of communication links. The processor determines a weight for each communication link, associating a lower weight with the degraded link(s), and formulates instructions for an adjusted network traffic balance among the links, based on the weights. The processor transmits the instructions to a network device on the computing network and upon receipt of the instructions, the network device adjusts the network traffic balance among the links in accordance with the instructions.
Communication apparatus includes multiple interfaces configured for connection to a packet data network. A memory, coupled to the interfaces, is configured as a shared buffer to contain packets in multiple sets of queues for transmission to the network. Each set of queues receives in the shared buffer a respective allocation having an allocation size that varies over time in response to an amount of space in the shared buffer that is unused at any given time. A controller is configured to apply congestion control to a respective fraction of the packets that are queued for transmission from each set of queues in the shared buffer to the network, such that the respective fraction is set for each set of queues at any given time in response to a relation between a length of the queues in the set and the allocation size of the respective allocation at the given time.
An intermediate node obtains a lead packet of a plurality of packets in a session having a unique session identifier, modifies the lead packet to identify at least the intermediate node and also to identify source and destination port numbers assigned by the intermediate node for a possible forward association, and then forwards the lead packet toward the destination node though an intermediate node electronic output interface to the IP network. The intermediate node also may receive, through an intermediate node electronic input interface in communication with the IP network, a backward message from a next node having a next node identifier. Both the intermediate node and the next node form an association between the intermediate node identifier, the next node identifier, and the source and destination port numbers assigned by the intermediate node. This association is part of a forward association for the intermediate node and is part of a return associate for the next node.
Aspects of the present disclosure involve a method for optimizing an extension of an optical network to provide service to one or more new customers. The method considers the location of existing network nodes as well as a metropolitan environment where the new customer is located (e.g., the geographical location of streets where fiber may be routed to a customer). Aspects of the present disclosure further employ one of various linear programming models, such as a 1-Layer Model, a 3-Layer Model, a 5-Layer Model and a Dual Path Model to generate cost effective solutions to extend the existing optical network to provide service to the new customers.
A method for evaluating an available bitrate over a path among one of at least two paths linking a first endpoint and a second endpoint, the path being called an evaluation path, is disclosed. The first endpoint is configured for sending data packets to the second endpoint, the second endpoint is configured for sending at each data packet reception an acknowledgment message to the first endpoint through one of the at least two path selected at each data packet reception. The method comprises, at the first endpoint, steps of: inserting a flag in a first data packet out of the data packets to be transmitted to the second endpoint through the evaluation path; sending said first data packet through the evaluation path; measuring and recording a sending time of the first data packet from said first endpoint; receiving an acknowledgment message sent by the second endpoint through the evaluation path for acknowledging reception of the first data packet at said second endpoint; measuring and recording an arrival time of said acknowledgment message at said first endpoint; assessing the available bitrate from an interval between the sending time and the arrival time and from the size of said first data packet. A method for sending at a second endpoint an acknowledgement message over a path among one of at least two paths linking a first endpoint and said second endpoint is further disclosed. Associated device for evaluating an available bitrate and device for sending at a second endpoint an acknowledgement message are disclosed.
A mobile vehicle communication system and a method carried out by the system to determine at a remotely-located vehicle a performance criteria of a communication network connection in the vehicle. Steps of the method include: monitoring the vehicle's communication network connection for at least one of a plurality of parameters, wherein the plurality of parameters are associated with the performance criteria of the network connection; correlating a performance status test indicative of the performance criteria of the network connection with at least one of the plurality of parameters; and determining the performance criteria of the network connection based on the correlation.
A method of predictively provisioning cloud resources based on human behaviors and heuristics includes monitoring a collection of events relating to a customer application as well as monitoring an infrastructure load on resources for the customer application. A causal relationship is evaluated between an event and the infrastructure load. A predictive rule is then constructed based on the causal relationship. Resource requirements are anticipated based on the predictive rule and a provisioning of resources in a service domain is requested for the anticipated resource requirements.
A method for transmitting a response to a command from a server in a wireless communication system, according to one embodiment of the present invention, is implemented by a terminal, and comprises the steps of: receiving a command from a server; implementing the command until a timeout expires; transmitting to the server, a first response including an identifier for the command if the implementation of the command is not completed until the timeout expires; and transmitting a second response including the result of the command and the identifier after the implementation of the command is completed.
Systems and methods for transmission of data through mesh networks are disclosed. Specifically, various techniques and systems are provided for using performance metrics of nodes in a mesh network to make data transmission decisions. Exemplary embodiments of the present invention include a computer-implemented method. The method comprises receiving, at a network device on a network, performance metrics associated with an additional network device on the network; generating performance metrics associated with the network device; storing the performance metrics associated with the network device and the performance metrics associated with the additional network device; and transmitting the performance metrics associated with the network device and the performance metrics associated with an additional network device, wherein when the performance metrics are received, the performance metrics are used to determine whether data will be transmitted to the network device.
A network switch having one or more multi-endpoint (MEP) optical transceivers configured to provide an interface for optical data transport through the corresponding network. The use of MEP optical transceivers advantageously enables the network switch to be compatible with multiple network topologies. As a result, various embodiments of the disclosed network switch may be used to provide a builder and/or an operator of the corresponding network with a great deal of flexibility in choosing a network topology and/or degree of redundancy better suitable for the network's intended purpose and/or application without having to change some of the underlying hardware.
A method implemented in an integrated edge node for performing routing functions and network appliance services at the edge of a network, the method comprising disassociating a first network feature from a port, creating a plurality of first internal virtual ports, associating the plurality of first internal virtual ports to a first network appliance service component and a core unit component, mapping the plurality first internal virtual ports to each other and to a plurality of ports, constructing an internal path comprising at least one port, a subset of the plurality of internal virtual ports, the network appliance service component, and the core unit component, and associating the first network feature to the internal path.
A method of configuring a virtual network comprises: running a user-interactive business requirements wizard from a server, the wizard collecting business requirements from a user; translating the business requirements into technical requirements for a network configuration using the server; selecting a network configuration from a network configuration database using the server, the selecting utilizing the technical requirements; testing the network configuration using a processor; monitoring the testing and generating new facts regarding performance of the network configuration, using the processor; feeding back the new facts to the server for use by the server in the selecting; and repeating the selecting, testing, monitoring and generating, and feeding back, until the server determines a criterion for network stability has been reached. The method may include automatically discovering local network characteristics using a networking device, prior to the selecting, sending the characteristics to the server for use by the server in the selecting.
Generating configuration images and deploying computer components in a computing environment that comprises a shared pool of configurable computing resources may be provided. Configuration templates from a plurality of repositories may be mined and classified. Base templates may be created that represent different service configurations based on the configuration templates classified into classes of different service configurations. For deploying a requested service with specified requirements, a plurality of candidate templates may be created based on the base templates that represent configurations for the requested service and configurations that meet the specified requirements. A target template from the plurality of candidate templates may be selected that most meets the specified requirements. Computer resources for the requested service may be deployed by running the target template.
Techniques for collecting data indicative of one or more browsing behaviors (e.g., completing a transaction on a website) are described. User generated content (UGC) that affects user behavior may be identified, such as product reviews that, if read by a user, are statistically more likely to cause that user to make a purchase. A metric may be assigned to particular user generated content, where the metric indicates an extent to which the particular user generated content is associated with a particular browsing behavior. Based on the assigned metric, particular UGC may be included in a web page. For example, the product review that is most likely to cause a user to make a purchase may be placed in a prominent location on a web page in order to increase sales and revenue. Browsing behaviors may be positive or negatively associated, and metrics assigned to UGC may be based on visibility.
The present invention relates to the field of signal processing, and discloses code modulation and demodulation methods, apparatuses, and a system, so as to reduce an envelope fluctuation degree of a signal and improve system performance. A specific implementation method includes: receiving, by a sending apparatus, N channels of bit signals, and performing serial-to-parallel conversion on any channel of bit signal of the N channels of bit signals, to generate two channels of first bit signals; performing delay control on the two channels of first bit signals, to generate two channels of code bit signals; performing QAM mapping on the two channels of code bit signals and other N−1 channels of bit signals, to generate a channel of quadrature electrical signal and a channel of in-phase electrical signal; modulating the quadrature electrical signal and the in-phase electrical signal, to obtain a transmit signal.
Digital receiver systems and clock recovery techniques for use in digital receiver systems are provided to implement asynchronous baud-rate clock recovery systems for high data rate serial receivers multilevel line modulation. A two-stage postcursor ISI equalization system is provided to efficiently emulate a 4-level DFE (decision feedback equalization) system, for example, while converting a 4-level equalized signal to s 2-level equalized signal. For example, a two stage postcursor ISI equalization system includes a DFE stage which operates on a most significant component of a given 4-level data symbol, followed by a DFFE (decision-feedforward equalizer) stage which operates on a least significant component of the given 4-level data symbol. In parallel with the DFFE stage, an estimate of the least significant component is subtracted from the equalized 4-level data symbol to convert the 4-level data symbol to a 2-level symbol.
A method and device for determining available spectrums is disclosed in embodiments of the present invention. By applying the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, with consideration on the bi-directionality of the interference between wireless communication systems, when introduction of the cognitive system is required, the corresponding frequency will be determined as an available frequency only in the case the incumbent system and the cognitive system can be simultaneously guaranteed to meet the corresponding coexistence criterion among the corresponding frequency and adjacent frequencies thereof, thus ensuring that the determined available frequency band guarantees that the normal operation of the incumbent system is not interfered by the cognitive system while ensuring that the newly-introduced cognitive system can also operate normally without interference of the incumbent system, thereby improving the communication quality of the wireless communication systems.
A transmitting device may include an encoder, a timing transmission controller, and a transmission driver. The encoder may generate transmission control signals according to control symbols. The timing transmission controller may generate driving control signals from the transmission control signals. The transmission driver may drive each of wires to one level among multiple levels, based on the driving control signals. The timing transmission controller may control generation timings of the driving control signals according to levels to which the wires are to be driven.
The present invention pertains to systems and methods for equalizing a digitally modulated input signal for transmission as an optical signal over an optical fiber. In detail, this equalization is accomplished prior to the signal's conversion to an optical signal, and prior to the signal being filtered by a vestigial sideband (VSB) filter. In particular, equalization is accomplished by giving weights to the taps of a tapped delay equalizer, wherein weights for respective taps are derived from the output signal after its conversion to a digital signal at the downstream end of the optical fiber.
A first communication device receives a plurality of training signal fields in a preamble of a data unit transmitted by a second communication device, the plurality of training signal fields in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols comprising data and pilot tones. The first communication device determines first channel estimate data corresponding to the data tones in the OFDM symbols, and uses pilot tones in the plurality of training signal fields to track at least one of i) a phase offset and ii) a frequency offset while receiving the plurality of training signal fields to improve the first channel estimate data. The first communication device generates feedback data that i) includes data corresponding to the first channel estimate data, and ii) excludes data corresponding to second channel estimate data for the pilot tones in the plurality of training signal fields, and transmits the feedback data to the second communication device.
A device and method for controlling a host apparatus (300) through a wireless link with a personal controller (10). The device includes a wireless communications module (202) configured to communicate with personal controller (10) via a peer-to-peer communications standard. The device connects to host apparatus (300) via a plug and receptacle interface (206) which includes power and signal pins. The device simulates an actuation signal using a reed relay (216) to cause host apparatus (300) to perform a function.
A first device may receive a toll-free data request that includes an application signature. The toll-free data request may request that a first entity be billed for data usage by a second device associated with a second entity, and may be received from an application. The first device may decrypt the application signature to obtain a device identifier and an application identifier. The first device may validate the application signature based on the device identifier and the application identifier. The first device may selectively cause the first entity or the second entity to be billed for data usage associated with the toll-free data request based on a result of validating the application signature.
The method and system enable secure forwarding of a message from a first computer to a second computer via an intermediate computer in a telecommunication network. A message is formed in the first computer or in a computer that is served by the first computer, and in the latter case, sending the message to the first computer. In the first computer, a secure message is then formed by giving the message a unique identity and a destination address. The message is sent from the first computer to the intermediate computer after which the destination address and the unique identity are used to find an address to the second computer. The current destination address is substituted with the found address to the second computer, and the unique identity is substituted with another unique identity. Then the message is forwarded to the second computer.
Embodiments relate to the authentication of a semiconductor. An identification circuit disposed within a package of an integrated circuit, and the identification circuit includes carbon-nanotube transistors configured to generate an encryption key.
A method for use in a front-end network communications device, arranged to operate as an access point, for establishing a data connection between a mobile communications terminal and one or more data communications networks comprises receiving, from the mobile communications terminal, a service provider request comprising a MAC address of the mobile communications terminal; sending, to a master server, request information pertaining to the service provider request; receiving, from the master server, a policy message comprising a visibility policy, said visibility policy containing rules for controlling the visibility of at least one of the one or more data communications networks; determining a subset of communications networks that should be visible to the mobile communications terminal based on said rules; and enforcing said visibility policy by allowing said mobile communications terminal to connect only to said subset of data communications networks.
Systems and methods presented herein provide for improved duplex communications in an RF cable network comprising a plurality of CMs. In one embodiment, a system includes a CMTS operable to transmit downstream communications to the CMs and to process upstream communications from the CMs. The system also includes a duplex RF communication path between the CMTS and the CMs. The CMTS is further operable to transmit a control signal that directs a first of the CMs to transmit, to direct the remaining CMs to receive the transmission from the first CM, to direct the CMs to report received power levels of the transmission from the first CM, and to calculate RF isolations of the remaining CMs with respect to the first CM based on the reported power levels.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for transmitting and receiving a signal in a wireless communications system includes the steps of: transmitting an uplink data in a first subframe to a base station; and receiving a reception confirmation response to the uplink data on a downlink time-frequency resource of a second subframe associated with the first subframe, wherein if the second subframe transmits a shortened DMRS (Demodulation Reference Signal), the downlink time-frequency resource is included in at least a part of REs (Resource Elements) adjacent to the RE (Resource Element) transmitting the shortened DMRS, and the RE transmitting the shortened DMRS is the cell specified one of the REs capable of being reserved for the DMRS.
This document discloses a solution for operating a radio communication apparatus that exchanges narrowband control messages with other radio communication apparatuses, each control message comprising a pilot sequence and an identifier identifying a transmitter of the control message. The radio communication apparatus receives a broadband signal through a broadband radio receiver and correlates sub-bands of the received signal so as to detect a narrowband control message within the received broadband signal. Upon detection of the narrowband control message on a sub-band of the received broadband signal, the transmitter of the narrowband control message is determined from the identifier of the narrowband control message. It is also determined from the reception of the narrowband control message on the sub-band that the sub-band is preferred by the transmitter of the narrowband control message, and said sub-band is utilized in data communication with the transmitter of the narrowband control message.
Disclosed are improved retransmission schemes. In one embodiment, a retransmission method includes: receiving, at a protocol layer in a receiver, a data block transmitted from a protocol layer in a transmitter; determining that it is not possible to decode the data block; determining that it is not probable that the data block can be decoded; signaling, from the protocol layer in the receiver, to the protocol layer in the transmitter first feedback information indicating that the data block was received; and signaling, from the protocol layer in the receiver, to the protocol layer in the transmitter second feedback information including information related to the reception time of the data block and indicating that the data block is aborted.
A system that includes combiner circuitry configured to combine a first signal and a second signal to generate a third signal, wherein said third signal is output for transmission onto a communication medium. The system also includes nonlinearity modeling circuitry configured to model a nonlinear response of a nonlinear circuit, and generate a fourth signal through nonlinear distortion of a fifth signal using said model. The system also includes bin modification circuitry configured to generate said second signal through application of one or more weighting factors to frequency bins of said fourth signal, or of a transformed version of said fourth signal, and determine said weighting factors based on a difference, or squared difference, error metric.
A transmitting apparatus is disclosed. The transmitting apparatus includes an encoder to perform channel encoding with respect to bits and generate a codeword, an interleaver to interleave the codeword, and a modulator to map the interleaved codeword onto a non-uniform constellation according to a modulation scheme, and the constellation may include constellation points defined based on various tables according to the modulation scheme.
A receiving device according to the present invention is a receiver for receiving a signal including null symbols. The receiver includes a null extraction unit for extracting the null symbols from the received signal, a power calculation unit for calculating a power of each null symbol extracted by the null extraction unit, a two-dimensional filter unit for performing a plurality of kinds of filtering for the powers of the respective null symbols calculated by the power calculation unit and obtaining a plurality of kinds of average power values, and a normalizing unit for normalizing a data symbol included in the received signal based on a value obtained by performing nonlinear processing to the average power values obtained by the two-dimensional filter unit.
Systems and methods are disclosed for detecting one or more predefined signals while suppressing interference. In some embodiments, a method of operation of a wireless device in a wireless network to detect a predetermined signal in the presence of interference comprises detecting one or more first cells and detecting one or more predetermined signals from a second cell while spatially filtering transmissions from one or more perceived directions of the one or more first cells, respectively. In this manner, detection of the one or more predefined signals from the second cell is improved. In some embodiments, the one or more first cells are strong relative to the weaker second cell.
A method for transmitting data to and from nodes of a multi-hop network with a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) scheme is suggested. The network is clustered into N clusters, wherein each cluster of the N clusters has at least one of the nodes. In a first step, the TDMA scheme is organized by periodic superframes. Each superframe of the periodic superframes has a number of frames including at least one broadcast frame and one collection frame for the N clusters. In a second step, one dedicated communication channel is shared by the N clusters within the broadcast frame. In a third step, N separate communication channels are used by the N clusters within the collection frame.
According to one embodiment, a communication apparatus includes a Bluetooth (trademark) controller which is wirelessly connected to a mobile information terminal, and a CPU configured to acquire a radio-wave intensity of wireless connection to the wirelessly connected mobile information terminal, to selectively read an application program from a program memory, based on the acquired radio-wave intensity, and to execute the application program.
Disclosed are a calibration method and a calibration circuit. The calibration method and the calibration circuit effectively calibrate the mismatches between the first signal path and the second signal path of a receiver by calibrating a plurality of tap coefficients of a finite impulse response filter configured in the second signal path and optimizing the tap coefficients. The calibration and optimization for the tap coefficients of the finite impulse response filter is according to differences between the electrical characteristics the analog-to-digital convertor and the LPF in the first signal path and differences between the analog-to-digital convertor and the LPF in the second signal path. These differences are obtained when the data reception has not yet started by the receiver (that is, when the receiver is working in a training mode).
An optical transmission module includes: a photoelectric conversion element that converts an electrical signal to an optical signal; a photoelectric conversion element-driving IC that drives the photoelectric conversion element; an optical fiber that transmits the optical signal; a guide holding member that holds the optical fiber; a cable that supplies power to at least one of the photoelectric conversion element and the photoelectric conversion element-driving IC; and a substrate on which the photoelectric conversion element and the photoelectric conversion element-driving IC are mounted. The substrate has first and second planes which are perpendicular to each other. The photoelectric conversion element is mounted on the first plane. The optical fiber is connected to a back side of the first plane. An optical axis of the optical fiber is perpendicular to the first plane. The cable is connected to the second plane in parallel with the optical axis of the optical fiber.
Optical communication module. The optical communication module includes an optical-connector input and output unit that is provided on a first face of a substrate, the optical-connector input and output unit including a first light reflection member which is arranged at each of N grid points and which reflects incident light at a right angle; an optical-device optical input and output unit that is provided in adjacent to the optical-connector input and output on the first face of the substrate including N second light reflection members which are arranged in a linear manner with spaces therebetween; a plurality of optical waveguides that are provided on the first face of the substrate; and an optical device that is provided on a second face of the substrate, the optical device including N light-receiving units or N light-emitting units which are aligned with N light transmission units of the substrate.
A single-core optical transceiver is an optical transceiver for transmitting or receiving an optical signal through a single optical fiber. The single-core optical transceiver has a light emitting device for transmitting the optical signal and a light receiving device for receiving the optical signal. The light emitting device is an LED configured including a sapphire substrate arranged on a light receiving surface of the light receiving device so as to be coaxial with the light receiving surface, and a nitride semiconductor layer laid on the sapphire substrate. Even with the light emitting device being arranged on the light receiving surface of the light receiving device, the optical signal from the optical fiber can be received on the entire area of the light receiving surface, so as to adequately improve the light sensitivity.
An optical signal transmission apparatus (1) for a rotating antenna comprising a plurality of optical modulators (6) arranged for receiving a respective plurality of analog RF signals (5) and for modulating a respective plurality of optical signals therewith to produce a plurality of modulated analog optical signals (8). A plurality of opto-electrical converters (14) each converts a respective modulated analog optical signal (13) into an analog electrical signal. The plurality of optical modulators (6) are rotationally coupled in optical communication with the plurality of opto-electrical converters (14) via an optical rotary joint (10) including a reversion prism.
A time synchronization apparatus and method for automatically detecting the asymmetry of an optical fiber. The apparatus comprises an OTDR asymmetry detecting module (12), a time delay compensating module (14) and a time synchronization correcting module (16), the OTDR asymmetry detecting module (12) comprises an emitting unit (122) used for emitting a detection signal to the optical fiber, a receiving unit (124) used for receiving the detection signal returned by the optical fiber, a transmission time delay determining unit (126) used for determining the transmission time delay of the detection signal in the optical fiber according to the time difference between the emitting detection signal and the returned detection signal, and the determining transmission time delay of a service signal in the optical fiber according to the transmission time delay of the detection signal; The time delay compensating module (14) is used for calculating asymmetric time delay value between the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber according to the transmission time delay of the first optical fiber and the transmission time delay of the second optical fiber; The time synchronization correcting module (16) is used for synchronization correcting time according to the asymmetry time delay. The apparatus and method can improve the time synchronism precision.
An apparatus including a wireless configuration interface system configured to assist in establishing a wireless short range communication connection of the apparatus with at least one device; and a wireless short range communication system which, after the wireless communication connection has been established with the at least one device, is configured to separately transmit to each of the at least one device at least one channel of multichannel media for either at least two of the devices to each play a different one of the channels of the multichannel media, or at least two of the apparatus and the at least one device to each play a different one of the channels of the multichannel media.
Systems and methods are provided for increasing or decreasing the transmission speed of a VSAT used in a satellite network. A VSAT may include an ASIC and an FPGA in a transmission block of the VSAT. The ASIC includes an ASIC transmit modulator configured to modulate an input information signal, and circuitry for bypassing at least a portion of the ASIC transmit modulator. The FPGA includes circuitry for receiving a signal bypassing at least a portion of the ASIC transmit modulator, and an FPGA transmit modulator configured to modulate the bypassed signal. In implementations, the system uses the ASIC to burst format an input information signal with a payload burst segment; bypasses a transmit modulator of the ASIC after burst formatting the input information signal with the ASIC; and uses an FPGA to insert additional burst segments into the ASIC burst-formatted signal.
This invention aims to present a smart and dynamic power amplifier module that features both power combining and power sharing capabilities. The proposed flexible power amplifier (PA) module consists of a pre-processor, N PAs, and a post-processor. The pre-processor is an M-to-N wavefront (WF) multiplexer (muxer), while the post processor is a N-to-M WF de-multiplexer (demuxer), where N≧M≧2. Multiple independent signals can be concurrently amplified by a proposed multi-channel PA module with a fixed total power output, while individual signal channel outputs feature different power intensities with no signal couplings among the individual signals. In addition to basic configurations, some modules can be configured to feature both functions of parallel power amplifiers and also as M-to-M switches. Other programmable features include configurations of power combining and power redistribution functions with a prescribed amplitude and phase distributions, as well as high power PA with a linearizer.
Systems and methods are described for paired-beam satellite communications in a flexible satellite architecture. Embodiments include one or more “bent pipe” satellites having multiple transponders for servicing a number of spot beams. Implementations include novel types of paired-beam transponders that communicatively couple gateway terminals and user terminals in different spot beams. Some implementations also include loopback transponders that communicatively couple gateway terminals and user terminals in the same spot beam. The transponders can use similar components, can provide for flexible forward-link and return-link spectrum allocation, and/or can provide other features. Certain embodiments further include support for utility gateway terminal service and/or redundancy (e.g., active spares) for one or more active components.
Systems and methods are described for protecting carrier aggregation. Data may be communicated between an access node and a wireless device using carrier aggregation such that communications is performed over a primary carrier and a secondary carrier. It may be determined that conditions for one or more of the access node and the wireless device meet a beamforming criteria. It may then be determined whether an adjustment to a configuration for the carrier aggregation is available for the wireless device. The configuration to the carrier aggregation may be adjusted when the adjustment is determined to be available.
A tapped delay line channel model may be employed to suppress the self-interference that is introduced, at a receiver input, by a signal at a transmitter output. The self-interference may be considered to have components introduced by the internal antenna subsystem of a full duplex MIMO transceiver.
Disclosed is a wireless power transmitter which transmits power to a wireless power receiver using resonance. The wireless power transmitter includes a repeating resonant unit and a power source transmitting AC power having a mutual-change resonant frequency, which results from a mutual inductance component between the wireless power receiver and the repeating resonant unit, to the repeating resonant unit.
A pouch for a tablet computer includes a first panel and a second panel attached to the first panel along a lower pouch end, where the pouch is operable between open and closed pouch positions. In the closed pouch position the second panel aligns with the first panel and defines a pouch compartment sized to hold a tablet computer. A closure is installed between the first panel and the second panel. A quantity of padding is disposed on an inside face of the first panel and defines a retractor recess. A retractor pocket is defined within the retractor recess and has a retractor cable opening. A retractor is disposed in the retractor pocket and has a retractor cable operable through the retractor cable opening between a retracted position and an extended position. A connector on the distal cable end is constructed for attachment to the tablet computer.
An accessory device for use with an electronic device is disclosed. The accessory device may include multiple layers. One layer may be formed from a plastic. Other layers may include a fabric layer and a silicone layer. The accessory device may further include a retaining feature designed to hold or carry an object, such as a stylus for use with the electronic device. The accessory device may include a recessed region suited to receive the retaining feature. This allows the retaining feature to be stored in the accessory device when the retaining feature is not in use. Further, the retaining feature may be co-planar with an interior region of the accessory device such that the electronic device is not disturbed when positioned in the accessory device. In this manner, the retaining feature may be hidden. Also, the retaining feature may be deployed from the recessed region and receive the object.
A transmitting apparatus is provided. The transmitting apparatus includes: an encoder configured to generate a low-density parity check (LDPC) codeword by LDPC encoding based on a parity check matrix; an interleaver configured to interleave the LDPC codeword; and a modulator configured to map the interleaved LDPC codeword onto a modulation symbol, wherein the modulator is further configured to map a bit included in a predetermined bit group from among a plurality of bit groups constituting the LDPC codeword onto a predetermined bit of the modulation symbol.
The present invention relates to a method of transmitting and a method of receiving signals an corresponding apparatus. One aspect of the present invention relates to an efficient L1 signaling method for an efficient transmitter and an efficient receiver using the efficient L1 signaling method for an efficient cable broadcasting.
An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) may include capability to sense and/or compensate for undesired effects when receiving input from a microphone. For example, a sense node may be provided between differential inputs, and that sense node separated from the differential inputs by two or more switches. The sense node may allow for a measurement of an average voltage of the differential inputs. The average voltage may be obtained activating the switches to sample the sampling capacitors coupled to the differential inputs. That average voltage may be used as common mode (CM) data. A controller may receive the CM data, along with differential mode (DM) data, and use the CM and DM data to determine undesired effects, such as DC or AC mismatch at the microphone interface. The controller may then generate a signal for applying compensation to the differential inputs to reduce or eliminate the undesired effects.
A system includes a first tracking filter configured to track a frequency domain mismatch profile between component analog-to-digital convertors (ADCs) of an interleaved ADC (IADC), and a second tracking filter configured to a track a frequency independent timing delay mismatch and a timing delay mismatch correction error based on frequency domain mismatch profile estimates. An output of the first tracking filter determines a correction of a frequency dependent mismatch profile in an output of the interleaved ADC and an output of the second tracking filter determines a correction of the timing delay mismatch correction error in the output of the interleaved ADC.
The present disclosure relates to semiconductor structures and, more particularly, to circuits with logical back-gate switching and methods of operation. The circuit includes at least one front-gate contact and digital back-gate potentials for logical function implementation on a back side of at least one device. The digital back-gate potentials are switchable between two logic levels.
A system in a package (SIP) has a first die with a first internal voltage level, first die-to-die output circuitry, first die-to-die input circuitry, and first internal logic and a second die with a second internal voltage level, second die-to-die output circuitry, second die-to-die input circuitry, and second internal logic. A first signal is provided to the second internal logic via the first die-to-die output circuitry and the second die-to-die input circuitry, wherein each of the first die-to-die output circuitry and second die-to-die input circuitry selectively level shift the first signal based on the first and second internal voltage levels. A second signal is provided to the first internal logic via the second die-to-die output circuitry and the first die-to-die input circuitry, wherein each of the second die-to-die output circuitry and first die-to-die input circuitry selectively level shift the second signal based on the first and second internal voltage levels.
A transmitter is provided with a plurality of pull-up legs and a plurality of pull-down legs. A controller controls the pull-up legs and the pull-down legs so that a constant output impedance is provided while supporting a range of logic-high output voltages.
A touch-sensitive input device (2) is described. The device comprises an opaque substrate (11) having first and second opposite faces (12, 13), a first set of electrodes (14) disposed on the first face of the substrate, the electrodes generally extending in a first direction and spaced apart along a second, transverse direction, and a second set of electrodes (17) disposed on the first or second face of the substrate, the electrodes generally extending in the second direction and spaced apart along the first direction, wherein the first and second sets of electrodes overlap.
A semiconductor device includes: a first field-effect transistor configured to have a source connected to a reference potential node; a second field-effect transistor configured to have a source connected to a drain of the first field-effect transistor, and a gate connected to the source of the first field-effect transistor; a gate signal node configured to input a gate signal therein; a first resistor configured to be connected between the gate signal node and a gate of the first field-effect transistor; and a first capacitor and a switch circuit configured to be connected between a drain of the second field-effect transistor and the gate of the first field-effect transistor, in which the switch circuit is connected in series with the first capacitor.
A clock-signal generator circuit, for generating an output clock signal starting from an input clock signal, includes: a monostable stage having a clock input configured to receive the input clock signal, a control input configured to receive a control signal, and an output configured to supply the output clock signal having a duty cycle variable as a function of the control signal; and a feedback loop, operatively coupled to the monostable stage for generating the control signal as a function of a detected value, and of a desired value, of the duty cycle of the output clock signal.
A level shifter circuit is provided that uses a boosting circuit. The boosting circuit is configured to improve the operation of the level shifter circuit when the high voltages of voltage domains across the level shifter circuit are widely separated. A circuit apparatus includes a core level shifter circuit that changes a first voltage of an input signal to a second voltage of an output signal. The circuit apparatus further includes a first boosting circuit that is coupled to the core level shifter circuit and generates a first transient voltage applied to the core level shifter circuit when the input signal transitions from a low value to a high value. The circuit apparatus also includes a second boosting circuit that is coupled to the core level shifter circuit and generates a second transient voltage applied to the core level shifter circuit when the input signal transitions from a high value to a low value.
A very wide bandwidth composite band pass filter with steep roll-off of a corresponding passband includes a band pass filter and a high-Q acoustic resonator. The band pass filter has a corresponding passband with a very wide bandwidth and a passband roll-off. The high-Q acoustic filter has a corresponding stopband with a roll-off steeper than the passband roll-off, the high-Q acoustic filter being connected in parallel with the band pass filter such that a portion of the stopband is within the passband of the band pass filter, forming a combined passband. A frequency range of the combined passband is approximately the same as a frequency range of the passband of the band pass filter, and a combined roll-off of the combined passband is steeper on one side than the passband roll-off of the band pass filter.
A SAW resonator which, using a quartz crystal substrate with Euler angles (−1.5°≦φ≦1.5°, 117°≦θ≦142°, and 41.9°≦|ψ|≦49.57°, includes an IDT that excites a stop band upper end mode SAW, and an inter-electrode finger groove provided between electrode fingers configuring the IDT. When a wavelength of the SAW is λ, a first depth of the inter-electrode finger groove is G, a line occupation rate of the IDT is η, and an electrode film thickness of the IDT is H, λ, G, η and H satisfy the relationship of 0
Disclosed are a common mode filter and a manufacturing method thereof. The common mode filter in accordance with an aspect of the present invention includes: a substrate; a filter layer including a coil and a dielectric layer and disposed on the substrate and configured to remove a signal noise; and a magnetic layer being laminated on the filter layer, and a surface of the filter layer being joined with the magnetic layer can be formed to be flat by having the coil embedded in a surface of the filter layer being joined with the magnetic layer in such a way that one surface of the coil is exposed.
To realize active control ground that sets inverted output of an amplification circuit to ground with simple configuration.A DAP 1 comprises a positive side DAC 7 that D/A-converts digital audio data into analog audio data, a positive side amplification circuit 9 that amplifies the analog audio data that the DAC 7 D/A-converts, a negative side DAC 8 that D/A-converts the digital audio data into the analog audio data, and a negative side amplification circuit 10 that amplifies the analog audio data that the DAC 8 D/A-converts, and a CPU 2. The CPU 2 mutes the DAC 8 in case of an ACG mode that sets output of the amplification circuit 10 to ground.
A system for offset cancellation for driving a display panel includes: a plurality of source amplifiers driving the display panel; an image analyzer configured to receive a data input of an image frame and analyze the data input; and a chopping pattern controller connected with the image analyzer and configured to determine a chopping pattern that fits the data input based on analysis results of the image analyzer, and apply the determined chopping pattern to the source amplifiers. The source amplifiers are divided into N groups while the chopping pattern controller is configured to drive source amplifiers in each group by a single chopping control signal. The image analyzer is configured to generate an indicator that indicates whether image data being analyzed corresponds to a general image or one of pre-registered killer pattern images. A method for offset cancellation for driving a display panel is also provided.
There are disclosed various methods and apparatuses. In some embodiments of the method an input signal is provided to an input of a first transistor of a push-pull circuit via a first slew-rate adjuster; and the input signal is also provided to an input of a second transistor of the push-pull circuit via a second slew-rate adjuster. The input signal is effected by the first slew-rate adjuster and the second slew-rate adjuster to switch the first transistor on after the second transistor switches off when the amplitude of the input signal increases. The input signal is effected by the first slew-rate adjuster and the second slew-rate adjuster the input signal to switch the second transistor on after the first transistor switches off when the amplitude of the input signal decreases. In some embodiments the apparatus comprises a push-pull circuit comprising a first transistor and a second transistor; an input to receive an input signal; a first slew-rate adjuster adapted to provide the input signal to the input of the first transistor; and a second slew-rate adjuster adapted to provide the input signal to the input of the second transistor. A time constant of the first slew-rate adjuster is dependent on the direction of change of the input signal, and a time constant of the second slew-rate adjuster is dependent on the direction of change of the input signal.
An RF PA system that generates its own local characterization information. The RF PA system includes a PA to generate a RF output signal from a RF input signal, the PA powered by a supply voltage. A characterization block generates characterization information corresponding to a relationship between the supply voltage and performance (e.g., gain, power efficiency, distortion, receive band noise) of the RF PA system for a plurality of levels of one or more operating conditions (e.g., temperature, operating frequency, modulation format, antennae mismatch, etc.) of the RF PA system. An amplitude estimator block estimates an amplitude of the RF input signal. A supply control block generates a supply voltage control signal for controlling the supply voltage based on the characterization information and the amplitude of the RF input signal.
There is provided a solar battery control apparatus comprising: a solar battery in a vehicle; a vehicle speed detecting unit; a load circuit capable of be controlled to vary a generated current; and a control unit configured to perform MPPT control while controlling the load circuit to vary the generated current, wherein the control unit varies the generated current within a range having a certain upper limit value upon the speed of the vehicle being detected to be greater than a predetermined speed. The predetermined speed is set to be less than a speed at which the generated current becomes unable to be varied to correspond to a change in an i-V output characteristic of the solar battery, and the certain upper limit value is set to be less than a value of short-circuiting current having been reduced according to the change.
An inverter electrically connected to an electric machine is described. A method for controlling switching in the inverter includes determining a torque output of the electric machine and determining a temperature related to an inverter cooling circuit. A preferred inverter switch control mode for controlling the inverter is selected based upon the torque output of the electric machine and the temperature related to the inverter cooling circuit.
The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium which stores a program for causing a computer to generate time-series data of an electric current to be supplied to a motor in order to cause, a control system, including the motor configured to drive an object, to transit from a first state to a second state, the program causing the computer to generate the time-series data so as to satisfy a constraint including a condition to constrain an upper limit value of dispersion of a plurality of state quantities respectively obtained from a plurality of models each of which estimates, from the time-series data, a state quantity of a specific mode of a vibration mode and motion mode of the object, and so that a value of an evaluation function for evaluating the time-series data falls within a tolerance.
A power conversion device converts three-phase AC power into DC power by two-arm PWM modulation control and includes a main circuit that is constituted by a plurality of switching elements that are bridge-connected therein; a voltage-command generation unit that generates a voltage command value for the main circuit; a current detection unit that detects at least one of output currents of the main circuit; a power-factor calculation unit that calculates a power factor on the basis of the output current and the voltage command value; a carrier-signal generation unit that generates a carrier signal of a frequency corresponding to the power factor; and a PWM-signal generation unit 6 that compares the voltage command value and the carrier signal to generate a PWM signal that executes switching control on the switching elements.
In one implementation, a semiconductor package includes a first patterned conductive carrier including partially etched segments. The semiconductor package also includes a control FET having a control drain attached to a first partially etched segment of the first patterned conductive carrier. In addition, the semiconductor package includes a sync FET having a sync source and a sync gate attached to respective second and third partially etched segments of the first patterned conductive carrier. The semiconductor package further includes a second patterned conductive carrier having a switch node segment situated over a control source of the control FET and over a sync drain of the sync FET, as well as an inductor coupled between the switch node segment and an output segment of the second patterned conductive carrier.
A method includes converting power by a power converter comprising a plurality of converter cells, and selectively operating at least one converter cell of the plurality of converter cells in one of an active and an inactive mode based on a level of a power reference signal.
An electrical circuit for providing electrical power for use in powering electronic devices, such as monitors, televisions, white goods, data centers, and telecom circuit boards, is described herein. The electrical circuit includes an input terminal configured to receive an input power signal, an output terminal configured to provide an output power signal, and a forward converter coupled to the input and output terminals. The forward converter includes a transformer, and a primary side regulation circuit coupled to a primary side of the transformer. The primary side regulation circuit includes a switching device coupled to the primary side, a current sense circuit configured to sense a current level on the primary side, and a controller configured to generate a pulse-width modulated control signal delivered to the switching device as a function of the sensed current level to regulate the transformer to deliver the output power signal at a desired voltage level.
An electric power conversion unit of an electric power converter establishes two converter circuits including four switching elements and two batteries and carries out electric power conversion in a parallel mode in which the batteries are connected in parallel with each other. A controller is configured to set a control signal for each of the switching elements, identify a target switching element of which a temperature is suppressed, determine a state having a maximum loss value in correspondence with input-output data, and execute phase control for suppressing the maximum loss value.
A differential difference amplifier Type-III compensator of a voltage-mode switching converter can be designed to help regulate an input voltage from a power source. A voltage-mode switching converter can comprise a power stage and a voltage-mode controller. A voltage-mode controller can comprise a compensator, which comprises a differential difference amplifier. The design of the differential difference amplifier Type-III compensator can reduce production costs and enhance power transfer efficiencies.
The present invention discloses a lossless snubber circuit and an operation method thereof. The lossless snubber circuit includes a first snubber circuit. The first snubber circuit includes a first diode (D7) and a capacitor (C3). The capacitance of the capacitor (C3) is big enough so that a voltage spike generated at the moment when a switch transistor (Q1) is turned off is depressed by charging the capacitor (C3). When the switch transistor (Q1) is on, the electric charges released by the capacitor (C3) are directed to a first capacitor (C1) in a three-phase Vienna structure, so as to avoid the problem of voltage stress difference caused by the large quantity of electric charges released by the capacitor (C3) flowing back to the switch transistor (Q1).
A sense voltage obtained by feeding a sense current of an IGBT into a sense resistor is input to a comparator, and as the reference voltage of the comparator, a sense voltage immediately before the IGBT is turned off is held by a sample and hold circuit for each switching, and is then divided by a voltage dividing circuit and the divided voltage is input to the comparator. The comparator compares the sense voltage with the voltage based on the sense voltage immediately before the IGBT is turned off, and therefore the comparator may accurately detect the falling edge time of the sense voltage and is used for the control for dissolving the imbalance in current with respect to the other IGBTs connected in parallel.
The invention generally relates to methods and circuits for controlling switching of parallel coupled power semiconductor switching devices (3), for example for use in a power converter. In an example, there is provided a circuit for controlling switching of parallel coupled power semiconductor switching devices (3), the circuit comprising: a plurality of drive modules (2), each said module for controlling a said power semiconductor switching device (3); control circuitry to transmit switch command signals to the modules, each said switch command signal to trigger a said drive module to control a said power semiconductor switching device to switch state; and voltage isolation between the drive modules and the control circuitry, wherein each said drive module for controlling a said device comprises: timing circuitry (22) to compare a switching delay of the device and a reference delay, wherein said switching delay is a time interval between detecting a said switching command signal at the drive module and switching of the device in accordance with the detected switching command signal; and delay circuitry (21) to provide a controllable delay to delay a said triggering by a said switching command signal received at the module subsequent to the detected switching command signal, the delay circuitry configured to control the controllable delay according to a result of said comparison of said switching delay of the device, to thereby reduce a time difference between the reference delay and a said switching delay of the device switching in accordance with the subsequent switching command signal.
In a rotary electric machine, wound wires are connected to a first terminal and a second terminal. Circuit terminals that are configured from a conductive metal other than aluminum, and the first terminal and the second terminal that are configured from a metal with a principal component of aluminum are joined together inside a circuit chamber that has high water resistant properties. Corrosion is accordingly suppressed at join sites of the circuit terminals with the first terminal and the second terminal. There is therefore no need to coat the join sites with for example a sealing material in order to suppress corrosion at the join sites. Good electrical continuity is accordingly enabled between the circuit terminals and the wound wires while suppressing an increase in costs, even when the wound wire is configured from a metal with a principal component of aluminum.
A rotor of an interior permanent magnet motor includes a rotor core having a plurality of magnet insertion holes, a shaft, a plurality of rare-earth magnets, and a pair of magnet fixing members. One surface of the magnet fixing member is provided with a plurality of pairs of tongue-like portions, and the tongue-like portions are inserted into the magnet insertion holes. On each of both sides in a rotary shaft direction, the rare-earth magnets have both end surfaces in a rotor circumferential direction sandwiched by a corresponding pair of tongue-like portions. An interval between the tongue-like portions includes, at a position separated from a base position, an interval that is smaller than the width of the rare-earth magnet in the rotor circumferential direction.
A wireless transmitter is described herein that provides power wirelessly to an apparatus with high efficiency. For example, the wireless power transmitter may include a class E amplifier that is used as a gate driver for a main power amplifier. This advantageously enables power to be transmitted wirelessly with a 100% theoretical power efficiency and with minimal power loss. Furthermore, electromagnetic interference (EMI) issues are reduced because only low orders of harmonics are applied to the gate of the main power amplifier. A system that incorporates such a wireless transmitter and methods of operating the same are also described herein.
Disclosed are various embodiments of switchless power source redundancy in a power source transfer device providing power to one or more computing device(s). The power source transfer device includes a plurality of AC power converters configured to receive power from corresponding power sources. A first AC power converter provides DC power to a common DC bus of the power source transfer device. A second AC power converter provides DC power to the common DC bus in response to a change in a monitored level provided by the first AC power converter.
A wireless charging apparatus and a wireless charging method are provided. The method includes selecting at least one of a wireless power reception mode and a wireless power transmission mode by a wireless charging apparatus, wirelessly receiving electric power when the wireless power reception mode is selected, and wirelessly transmitting electric power when the wireless power transmission mode is selected.
Methods, devices, and integrated circuits are disclosed for efficiently receiving a wireless power transfer. In one example, a device configured for receiving a wireless power transfer includes an active rectifier, rectifier input nodes, and a controller. The controller is operatively coupled to the active rectifier and configured to control the active rectifier to modify the impedance at the rectifier input nodes.
A method of configuring an installed energy harvesting device to comply with a local grid connection standard is provided. The method identifies a local grid connection standard for an energy harvesting device that has been installed in a physical installation. The method then configures the energy harvesting device to apply the identified grid connection standard. To identify the local gird connection standard, the method determines a physical location for the installation of the energy harvesting device. The method then identifies the local grid connection standard based on the determined physical location.
A motor drive device for driving a motor, which has a plurality of winding pairs, includes a plurality of inverter units for the plurality of winding pairs. The inverter units are coupled in parallel to a power source. A plurality of capacitors provided for the plurality of inverter units, and a plurality of power relays are disposed between the power supply and the inverter units. In particular, a power relay is provided for each of the inverter units. A control unit detects a short failure of the power relay, and simultaneously turns ON the power relays that do not have a short failure. In such manner, damage to the power relays as well as damage to other electronic components of the motor driver device due to a large electric current is prevented.
A first sense resistor is connected between a fourth terminal of a power source potential of a high-potential region and a first terminal of a ground potential. A second sense resistor is connected between a third terminal of a reference potential of the high-potential region and the first terminal. A comparator is disposed in a low-potential region and uses the ground potential as a reference potential for operation. The comparator compares a voltage between an intermediate potential point of the first sense resistor and an intermediate potential point of the second sense resistor with a predetermined reference voltage. The output of the comparator is input through a control circuit and a level shift circuit to a high-side drive circuit driving an upper-arm IGBT. The output of the comparator is input to a driver circuit driving a lower-arm IGBT.
A heat-shrinkable slitted tube includes a tube main body capable of bending into a tube shape and which shrinks due to application of heat; and a heat-resistant tape which, in a closed state where the tube main body is deformed so as to close a slit extending in a length direction, fastens together areas proximate to two end portions of the tube main body so as to maintain the closed state. In the heat-shrinkable slitted tube, in a case where, by affixing the heat-resistant tape to the tube main body such that one of the end portions is positioned at a short-direction center portion of an indicator of the heat-resistant tape, the other end portion is brought together with the end portion to achieve the closed state, the heat-resistant tape is affixed so as to intervene between the areas proximate to the two end portions.
A connecting system for quickly securing a hollow tube to a structure or another hollow tube using a connector that has housing with a tapered interior edge that operably engages a tapered locking wedge received therein. When the tube is inserted into the tapered locking wedge, the locking wedge therein holds and locks the tube in place in the connector. A guide ring may be provided within the connector to facilitate proper alignment of the tube within the connector and provide excellent electrical conductivity throughout the entire tube connecting system. One or more roller bearings may be provided within the wedge to facilitate initial tube insertion and then compression locking of the tube by the wedge. The connector can include a variety of structure engaging portions to allow the connector to be operably secured to a variety of structures such as electrical junction boxes, electrical conduits, tubes, armored cables, metal clad cables, flexible metal cables and the like.
A multi-step tube (1) of a ceramic material comprises a tube body (1) of the ceramic material having an inner wall (11) located inside the tube body (1). A surface of the inner wall (11) is formed with a plurality of steps (2). The steps (2) are formed to extend differently far inside the tube (1). A multi-layered gas discharge tube comprises the multi-step tube (1). An inner electrode (31) is disposed on a step (21), and an outer electrode (41) is disposed on an outer surface (13) of the tube body (1). A disc (51) is partially placed on a step (22) and the inner electrode (31) between the inner electrode (31) and the outer electrode (41) so that, in case of an electrostatic discharge, the discharge will only take place in the center of the multi-step tube (1) and not at the border of the isolated ceramic disc (51).
In an example, the present invention provides a gallium and nitrogen containing multilayered structure, and related method. The structure has a plurality of gallium and nitrogen containing semiconductor substrates, each of the gallium and nitrogen containing semiconductor substrates (“substrates”) having a plurality of epitaxially grown layers overlaying a top-side of each of the substrates. The structure has an orientation of a reference crystal direction for each of the substrates. The structure has a first handle substrate coupled to each of the substrates such that each of the substrates is aligned to a spatial region configured in a selected direction of the first handle substrate, which has a larger spatial region than a sum of a total backside region of plurality of the substrates to be arranged in a tiled configuration overlying the first handle substrate. The reference crystal direction for each of the substrates is parallel to the spatial region in the selected direction within 10 degrees or less. The structure has a first bonding medium provided between the first handle substrate and each of the substrate while maintaining the alignment between reference crystal orientation and the selected direction of the first handle substrate; and a processed region formed overlying each of the substrates configured concurrently while being bonded to the first handle substrate. Depending upon the embodiment, the processed region can include any combination of the aforementioned processing steps and/or steps.
A wavelength-tunable vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) with the use of microelectromechanical system (MEMS) technology is provided as a swept source for Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). The wavelength-tunable VCSEL comprises a bottom mirror of the VCSEL, an active region, and a MEMS tunable upper mirror movable by electrostatic deflections. The bottom mirror comprising a GaAs based distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) stack, and the active region comprising multiple stacks of GaAs based quantum dot (QD) layers, are epitaxially grown on a GaAs substrate. The MEMS tunable upper mirror includes a membrane part supported by suspension beams, and an upper mirror comprising a dielectric DBR stack. The MEMS tunable quantum dots VCSEL can cover an operating wavelength range of more than 100 nm, preferably with a center wavelength between 250 and 1950 nm, and the sweeping rate can be from a few kHz to hundreds of kHz, and up to a few MHz.
A VCSEL can include: an electro-optic modulator between a lasing active region and a light emitting surface. The electro-optic modulator can include: an electro-optically active region; a modulator mirror region over the electro-optically active region; and at least one electrical insulator region separating the modulator mirror region into at least two separate modulator mirror cavities electrically isolated from each other, wherein each separate modulator mirror cavity and a longitudinally aligned portion of the electro-optically active region form an electro-optic modulator cavity. A method of emitting light from a VCSEL can include: emitting a laser beam from the lasing active region along a longitudinal axis; and changing a refractive index of one electro-optic modulator cavity so as to steer the laser beam from the longitudinal axis.
An optical module includes a semiconductor optical device in which an active layer located at one side, an electrode located at the same side, and a mirror that reflects light toward the side opposite the electrode are monolithically integrated, a sub-mount having one surface on which a first wiring pattern is formed, a substrate in which an optical waveguide and a grating coupler are formed in a surface layer of the substrate, a spacer having an upper surface on which a second wiring pattern is formed, and a wire. The sub-mount is mounted on the spacer. The first wiring pattern on the sub-mount faces part of the second wiring pattern on the spacer and is electrically connected thereto. The second wiring pattern on the spacer includes a pad being disposed in a region exposed from the sub-mount and being bonded to the wire.
An example of the disclosure is a laser apparatus including a master oscillator capable of outputting a pulse laser beam, a plurality of optical amplifiers disposed on an optical path of the pulse laser beam outputted from the master oscillator and configured to sequentially amplify the pulse laser beam, an optical reflector capable of passing the pulse laser beam therethrough and reflecting a self-oscillation beam generated in one of the plurality of optical amplifiers, and an optical absorber capable of receiving and absorbing the self-oscillation beam reflected by the optical reflector.
A method and a device is provided driving an optical laser diode (710, 711) during operation in an optical communication network, by determining a laser transfer function (741, 742) during operation of the laser diode (710, 711) and providing a control signal (750, 749) for driving the laser diode (710, 711) according to the laser transfer function (741, 742). Further, a method for driving a first and a second optical laser diode during operation in an optical communication network is provided. Furthermore, an optical amplifier and a communication system is suggested.
A protective case for a portable electronic device which incorporates a spool assembly containing a user dispensable and retractable Industry standard or OEM charge/sync cable. The case provides the user with the utility of always having a charge/sync cable available when needed while being discreetly housed in a low-profile ergonomically pleasing package. The case and spool assembly provide the user with up to 3 Ft or more of cable available for dispensing from the case while allowing the portable electronic device to be charged/synced at any desired dispensed length of cable, and can be manufactured using any thermoplastic, metal, wood, or composite. The dispensed cable and connector can be rewound onto the spool manually using the spool finger pockets.
An RF connector is provided. The connector includes a first socket member. The first socket member includes a conductive sleeve and end cap. The conductive sleeve includes a top portion, a bottom portion, and a plurality of springs connecting the top portion and the bottom portion. A base inside the conductive sleeve includes a first matching hole configured to match to a first conductive pin of a first plug member. The end cap includes a base and a lip. In a first position, the top portion of the conductive sleeve contacts the base of the end cap and is partially enclosed by the lip of the end cap. The end cap prevents the removal of the conductive sleeve in the first position.
The invention relates to a network connector assembly for vehicles. The network communicates at data rates of 100 Mbit/s and/or 1 Gbit/s. The connector assembly includes a header having at least two pins forming a pin pair. The pins extend in a mating direction. The connector assembly also includes an electrically conductive shielding member shielding the pin pair on at least two sides. The shielding member has a front face that is oriented substantially normal to the mating direction. The connector assembly further includes a header shroud, wherein the header shroud is provided with a shielding cavity for receiving the shielding member. The front face of the shielding member is at least partly covered by the header shroud.
A connector includes a female housing, an engagement detection member, and a cover member. The female housing is provided with a terminal connected to a counterpart terminal of a counterpart connector and is capable of being engaged with the counterpart connector. The engagement detection member is assembled with the female housing in a movable manner from an initial position to an engagement assurance position in a state where the counterpart connector and the female housing are completely engaged with each other. The cover member is assembled with the engagement detection member through a locking unit locked with the engagement detection member. The locking unit is provided inside an outer shape line of the engagement detection member when viewed in a direction of relative movement between the female housing and the engagement detection member.
The invention provides a M.2 interface memory device and a M.2 interface connection seat insertedly provided thereof. The M.2 interface memory device comprises a M.2 interface card and a housing provided with at least one guide groove. The M.2 interface connection seat is disposed on a circuit board, and comprises two arms and a base comprising a M.2 interface slot. At least one arm is provided with a guide rail. An opening direction of the M.2 interface slot is horizontal to a surface of the circuit board. When the M.2 interface card is inserted into the M.2 interface slot in a horizontal direction, the M.2 interface memory device will be fixed within the M.2 interface connection seat by embedding between the guide groove and the guide rail. Thus, M.2 interface memory devices of a variety of specification lengths are able to be inserted into the M.2 interface connection seat.
Disclosed is a socket with a safety protection effect formed by installing a safety element and a protection door module in the socket to provide the safety protection effect. The protection door module has a first protective plate and a second protective plate disposed on two through slots of the safety element respectively. When a user inserts a strip member into any one of the electrically connected jacks formed on the socket panel, the first protective plate and the second protective plate restrict one another to cover the corresponsive through slots, so that the strip member will not touch the conductive chip inside the socket to prevent the risk of electrical shocks.
The invention relates to a plug connector contact carrier (1) for selectively populating with electrical crimp contact elements (10) or electrical screw contact elements (20), comprising a plurality of contact chambers (2) for the contact elements, which contact chambers are provided in a contact grid, wherein the contact carrier has insertion openings (11) for inserting the contact elements into the contact chambers and wherein furthermore the contact chambers are property designed in such a way that selectively either a crimp contact element or a screw contact element can be inserted into and mounted in the contact chamber.
A multi-earth connector for a vehicle includes: a ground terminal to include a ground portion fixed to a vehicle body and pin terminals arranged in a plurality of rows; a socket terminal to include sockets inserted into the pin terminals and barrels to which an earth wiring is fixed; and a side holder coupled with the pin terminals and the sockets to inhibit a movement of the socket terminal.
A reinforced electrical receptacle connector has an insulated housing, a first terminal set, a second terminal set, a shielding plate and a shell. The insulated housing has a base and a tongue formed on the base. The shielding plate is embedded in the insulated housing and has two corner reinforcing tabs are formed on respectively on two front corners of the shielding plate. Each corner reinforcing tab has a front edge being flush with the front edge of the tongue and an outside edge being flush with one of the outside edges of the tongue. The shell accommodates the insulated housing. The front corners of the shielding plate are substantially hidden in the front corners of the tongue, which prevents inadvertent rupture at the front corners.
A housing is configured to receive a plug that includes an upper face, a lower face, and a front face. The housing also includes a cutout portion that traverses the upper face and the lower face, opens to the front face of the housing, extends for a length of the plug, and is formed in a direction of insertion of the plug. An opening is configured to receive the plug, which is formed on the front face of the housing and connected to the cutout so that a plug is received by the opening. A distance from the upper face to the lower face of the housing is approximately equal to a diameter of the plug.
A system may include horn antennas arranged at a venue. The horn antennas may be connected to an operator network that provides a wireless service. The horn antennas may provide the wireless service to at least one mobile device at the venue. The horn antennas may be arranged at the venue based on a configuration of the venue.
Multi-radio antenna apparatuses and stations for wireless networks including multiple radios coupled to a single transmit/receive antenna, in which the antenna is highly synchronized by an external (e.g., GPS) signal. These multi-radio antenna systems may provide highly resilient links. Synchronization may allow these apparatuses to organically scale the transmission throughput while preventing data loss. The single transmit/receive antenna may have a single dish or a compound (e.g., a single pair of separate transmitting and receiving dishes) and connections for two or more radios.
A digital system has a dielectric core waveguide that has a longitudinal dielectric core member. The core member has a body portion and may have a cladding surrounding the dielectric core member. A radiated radio frequency (RF) signal may be received on a first portion of a radiating structure embedded in the end of a dielectric waveguide (DWG). Simultaneously, a derivative RF signal may be launched into the DWG from a second portion of the radiating structure embedded in the DWG.
A flattened antenna oscillator structure has a square frame with an opening in the middle of a lower side. Two vertical oscillator leads parallel to left and right sides are symmetrically arranged inside the frame. Lower ends of the vertical oscillator leads extend into the opening to form feeder contacts. The left and right sides of the frame have plural inward extending matching leads connected with the vertical oscillator leads. The pair of leads at the uppermost end is connected with the upper ends of the vertical oscillator leads. The layout of the antenna oscillator improves the anti-deformation ability of a whole antenna while combining different frequency bands and different frequencies, which improves the signal reception and receiving quality of the antenna oscillator. A variety of modulation structures are further arranged to maximize the receiving power of the antenna and reduce the loss caused by mutual interference between signals.
A phased array antenna for a mobile platform combines transmit and receive antennas within a common, low profile enclosure. Transmit and receive functions, a power supply, up and down frequency converters, and an antenna controller are integrated into closely packaged layers within the enclosure.
A multi-band antenna includes at least one structure usable at multiple frequency ranges. The structure includes at least two levels of detail, with one level of detail making up another level of detail. The levels of detail are composed of closed plane figures bounded by the same number of sides. An interconnection circuit links the multi-band antenna to an input/output connector and incorporates adaptation networks, filters or diplexers. Each of the closed plane figures is linked to at least one other closed plane figure to exchange electromagnetic power. For at least 75% of the closed plane figures, the region or area of contact, intersection, or interconnection between the closed plane figures is less than 50% of their perimeter or area. Not all of the closed plane figures have the same size, and the perimeter of the structure has a different number of sides than its constituent closed plane figures.
An antenna apparatus is for use in connection with a light and a switch for selectively supplying power to the light through associated wiring. The apparatus comprises a circuit connected between the light and the switch, the circuit including a filter, a decoupling circuit, and an antenna formed at least in part by the wiring associated with the light. The apparatus may be used in connection with a light on a vehicle, such as a brake light for a motorcycle, and may thus be concealed from view. Related methods are also disclosed.
There is disclosed a mobile terminal including a first case comprising a battery loading portion, a battery loaded in the battery loading portion, a second case coupled to the first case and configured to cover the battery, a coil antenna module arranged between the second case and the battery, and a controller electrically connected to the coil antenna module and configured to transmit and receive a signal or receive an electric power, wherein the coil antenna module includes an insulating sheet, a first coil arranged in a surface of the insulating sheet, a second coil arranged in the first coil, a third coil arranged in the second coil, and a magnetic sheet disposed on the surface of the insulating sheet, and ends of the first, second and third coils are arranged in the surface of the insulating sheet or dividedly arranged in both surfaces of the insulating sheet. The mobile terminal may realize the coil antenna module including a plurality of coils configured to perform diverse manners of wireless communication in a limited area.
Input/output terminals 6a, 6b and 6c are formed within portions of cutouts 5a, 5b and 5c provided in a ground conductor 5 on the underside of a magnetic material 3; signal conductors 9a, 9b and 9c are formed within portions of cutouts 8a, 8b and 8c provided in a ground conductor 8 on the top surface of a dielectric substrate 7 at the same places as the cutouts 5a, 5b and 5c of the ground conductor; through holes 10a, 10b and 10c electrically connect a center conductor 4 to the input/output terminals 6a, 6b and 6c; metal bumps 11a, 11b and 11c electrically connect the input/output terminals 6a, 6b and 6c to the signal conductors 9a, 9b and 9c facing each other; and metal bumps 16 electrically connect the ground conductor 5 to the ground conductor 8.
A battery pack includes a plurality of unit batteries, each including a pair of first side surfaces and a pair of second side surfaces perpendicular to the pair of first side surfaces, the unit batteries being side-by-side in a first direction such that the pair of first side surfaces face each other. A protective circuit module including a substrate and protective devices mounted on the substrate is electrically connected to the unit batteries adjacent to top portions of the unit batteries. A first cap cover accommodates the protective circuit module and the top portions of the unit batteries. A second cap cover is spaced apart from the first cap cover with the unit batteries therebetween. The second cap cover accommodates bottom portions of the unit batteries. At least one of the first cap cover and the second cap cover includes a rib extending in a region between adjacent unit batteries.
A sulfide solid electrolyte material with favorable reduction-resistance has a second structural part formed to cover a plurality of first structural parts, a first ion conductor composing the first structural part has a specific crystal phase with favorable ion conductivity, and a weight ratio γ of an Me element to a P element in the second structural part is less than 0.72.
Disclosed are a polymer electrolyte membrane showing high ion conductivity even under the condition of low humidity and high temperature and a method for manufacturing the same. The polymer electrolyte membrane of the present invention comprises a porous substrate, a self proton conducting material dispersed in the porous substrate, and an ion conductor impregnated in the porous substrate. The self proton conducting material comprises an inorganic particle functionalized with an azole ring.
An example of a stable electrode structure is to use a gradient electrode that employs large platinum particle catalyst in the close proximity to the membrane supported on conventional carbon and small platinum particles in the section of the electrode closer to a GDL supported on a stabilized carbon. Some electrode parameters that contribute to electrode performance stability and reduced change in ECA are platinum-to-carbon ratio, size of platinum particles in various parts of the electrode, use of other stable catalysts instead of large particle size platinum (alloy, etc), depth of each gradient sublayer. Another example of a stable electrode structure is to use a mixture of platinum particle sizes on a carbon support, such as using platinum particles that may be 6 nanometers and 3 nanometers. A conductive support is typically one or more of the carbon blacks.
Certain fuel cell designs employ bipolar plate assemblies with internal coolant flow fields which comprise a coolant channel region and transition regions adjacent the coolant channel region. The temperature and/or pressure drop, and hence flow, of coolant over the coolant channel region can be non-uniform however, and this can have an adverse effect on cell performance. The coolant flow and temperature distribution can be modified and made more uniform by inserting an appropriate non-uniform porous insert in one or more of the coolant transition regions.
A battery grid is disclosed. The battery grid includes a pattern of grid wires. The pattern includes a grid wire having a first segment with a first corrosion resistance and a second segment with a second corrosion resistance which is less than the first corrosion resistance. The second segment corrodes at a rate which is faster than the corrosion rate of the first segment so as to dynamically release internal stress and control grid growth of the battery grid during its service life. A battery includes said grid and a method of forming said grid are also disclosed.
In one embodiment, an electrochemical cell includes a negative electrode including a form of lithium, a positive electrode spaced apart from the negative electrode and including an electron conducting matrix, a current collector, and a conductor, the conductor having a potential controllable with respect to the collector potential, a separator positioned between the negative electrode and the positive electrode, an electrolyte including a salt, and a charging redox couple located within the positive electrode, wherein the electrochemical cell is characterized by the transfer of electrons from a discharge product located in the positive electrode to the electron conducting matrix by the charging redox couple during a charge cycle.
An energy storage device including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte, wherein the negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material layer containing a non-graphitizable carbon as a negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material has a negative electrode active material weight per unit volume of the negative electrode active material layer of 0.92 g/cc or more and 1.13 g/cc or less and a particle size D90 of 4.3 μm or more and 11.5 μm or less, the particle size D90 being a particle size in particle size distribution in which a cumulative volume is 90%.
The present disclosure relates to a cathode active material, and more particularly, to a cathode active material doped with a trivalent metal (Me) and a lithium secondary battery comprising the same. According to one aspect, there is provided the cathode active material doped with the trivalent metal (Me), represented by the formula LixMn2MeyO4 (here, x is from 0.5 to 1.3, and y is from 0.01 to 0.1). According to the present disclosure, release of manganese ions of the cathode active material greatly reduces, and consequently, capacity and cycle life of the battery may be significantly improved.
A method is provided for forming a metal battery electrode with a pyrolyzed coating. The method provides a metallorganic compound of metal (Me) and materials such as carbon (C), sulfur (S), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), and combinations of the above-listed materials, expressed as MeXCYNZSXXOYY, where Me is a metal such as tin (Sn), antimony (Sb), or lead (Pb), or a metal alloy. The method heats the metallorganic compound, and as a result of the heating, decomposes materials in the metallorganic compound. In one aspect, decomposing the materials in the metallorganic compound includes forming a chemical reaction between the Me particles and the materials. An electrode is formed of Me particles coated by the materials. In another aspect, the Me particles coated with a material such as a carbide, a nitride, a sulfide, or combinations of the above-listed materials.
Disclosed are an electrode assembly for secondary batteries and a lithium secondary battery including the same. More particularly, an electrode assembly including a cathode, an anode and a separator, wherein the cathode includes a lithium cobalt-based oxide, and a lithium nickel-based composite oxide forming a coating layer over a surface of the lithium nickel-based composite oxide by reacting with a fluorine-containing polymer, as a cathode active material, the anode includes carbon and a silicon oxide as an anode active material, an operating voltage is 2.50 V to 4.35 V, and the cathode active material has high rolling density by a bimodal form in which an average diameter of the cobalt-based oxide and an average diameter of the lithium nickel-based composite oxide are different, and a lithium secondary battery including the same are disclosed. In addition, an electrode assembly including a lithium cobalt-based oxide surface-coated with alumina (Al2O3), and a lithium secondary battery including the same are disclosed.
The invention relates to novel materials of the formula: AuM1vM2wM3XM4yM5ZO2 wherein A comprises one or more alkali metals selected from lithium, sodium and potassium; M1 is nickel in oxidation state +2 M2 comprises a metal in oxidation state +4 selected from one or more of manganese, titanium and zirconium; M3 comprises a metal in oxidation state +2, selected from one or more of magnesium, calcium, copper, zinc and cobalt; M4 comprises a metal in oxidation state +4, selected from one or more of titanium, manganese and zirconium; M5 comprises a metal in oxidation state +3, selected from one or more of aluminum, iron, cobalt, molybdenum, chromium, vanadium, scandium and yttrium; further wherein U is in the range 1
A secondary battery includes an electrode assembly, a battery case, and a cap assembly. The electrode assembly includes first and second electrodes. The battery case accommodates the electrode assembly therein and has an opened surface. The cap assembly seals the battery case and includes first and second terminal portions coupled to the respective first and second electrodes. In the secondary battery, at least one of the first and second terminal portions is coupled to a variable member including a plurality of variable plates. Accordingly, the path and resistance of current may be varied in the secondary battery, so that it is possible to reduce or prevent generation of heat caused by overcurrent. Thus, it may be possible to reduce or prevent an explosion and fire of the battery, thereby improving the safety of the battery.
A battery terminal cover is provided. The battery terminal cover has a base arranged to cover a battery terminal root, a tower arranged to cover a battery terminal post, and a projection coupled to the battery terminal cover. The projection has a retention area for temporary storage of a later used fastener for coupling to the battery terminal post. A battery is also provided.
A battery module includes a plurality of unit batteries, a holder accommodating the unit batteries and including a pin extending from the holder, a protective circuit module electrically coupled to the plurality of unit batteries, and a coupling member coupled to the pin to fix the protective circuit module to the holder. The holder may include a boss supporting the protective circuit module. The protective circuit module may define a coupling opening configured to receive the pin.
A battery case comprises: a first casing member; a second casing member to form a closed space together with the first casing member; a foam material provided along an inner wall surface of the closed space; and a reinforcing member provided in the closed space so as to hold the foam material between the reinforcing member and the inner wall surface.
An organic light-emitting diode includes a carrier substrate, a scattering layer, a first electrode, an organic layer sequence with at least one active layer, and a second electrode wherein all the components are arranged in the stated sequence, the scattering layer has a higher average refractive index than the organic layer sequence, the first electrode has at least n or at least n+1 non-metal layers and n metal layers, n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1 or greater than or equal to 2, and the non-metal layers and the metal layers succeed one another alternately.
Display devices using feedback-enhanced light emitting diodes are disclosed. The display devices include but are not limited to active and passive matrix displays and projection displays. A light emissive element disposed between feedback elements is used as light emitting element in the display devices. The light emissive element may include organic or non-organic material. The feedback elements coupled to an emissive element allow the emissive element to emit collimated light by stimulated emission. In one aspect, feedback elements that provide this function include, but are not limited to, holographic reflectors with refractive index variations that are continuous.
Methods for forming an OLED device are described. An encapsulation structure having organic buffer layer sandwiched between barrier layers is deposited over an OLED structure. The buffer layer is formed with a fluorine-containing plasma. The second barrier layer is then deposited over the buffer layer. Additionally, to ensure good adhesion, a buffer adhesion layer is formed between the buffer layer and the first barrier layer. Finally, to ensure good transmittance, a stress reduction layer is deposited between the buffer layer and the second barrier layer.
Provided are a substrate for an organic electronic device (OED) and a use thereof. The substrate may have excellent interfacial cohesive property by preventing interlayer delamination between the organic material layer and the inorganic material layer when being applied to manufacture a flexible device including a structure in which an organic material layer and an inorganic material layer are present together. In addition, when the substrate for an OED is used, an OED may have excellent durability and an excellent another required physical property such as light extraction efficiency.
A protective film for a thin film device comprises a composite inorganic film that may be deposited on a parylene film or deposited directly on the device. Optionally, additional parylene and composite inorganic protective films may be added. The composite inorganic protective film is on the order of 1-100 nm thick and contains a material (e.g., Si) that forms a tenacious oxide at room temperature. When the device is exposed to air after deposition of the composite inorganic film, the oxidizable species oxidizes and fills voids to create an effective diffusion barrier.
An organic electroluminescent device, a method for preparing an organic electroluminescent device, and a display panel are disclosed. The organic electroluminescent device comprises a conductive layer formed by transparent magnetic conductive particles which are mixed in the sealing layer and stacked on a surface of the first transparent electrode layer. The conductive layer increases the conductive performance while not increasing the thickness of the first transparent electrode layer, thereby avoiding decrease of the light transmittance caused by increase of the thickness of the first transparent electrode layer, and avoiding the problem of voltage drop due to poor conductivity of the first transparent electrode layer, so as to improve the display effect and use stability of the organic electroluminescent device.
A sealed structure with high sealing capability, in which a pair of substrates is attached to each other with a glass layer is provided. The sealed structure has a first and second substrates, a first surface of the first substrate facing a first surface of the second substrate, and the glass layer which is in contact with the first and second substrates, defines a space between the first and second substrates, and is provided along the periphery of the first surface of the first substrate. The first substrate has a corner portion. The area of the first surface of the first substrate is smaller than or equal to that of the first surface of the second substrate. In at least one of respective welded regions between the glass layer and the first or second substrate, the width of the corner portion is larger than that of the side portion.
A method of manufacturing a thin film transistor includes forming a gate electrode, forming a gate insulating layer on the gate electrode, forming an organic semiconductor layer on the gate insulating layer, forming a solvent selective photosensitive layer on the organic semiconductor layer, forming an organic semiconductor pattern and a solvent selective photosensitive pattern by simultaneously patterning the organic semiconductor layer and the solvent selective photosensitive layer, respectively, and forming a source electrode and a drain electrode on the organic semiconductor pattern and the solvent selective photosensitive pattern, the source electrode and the drain electrode being electrically connected to the organic semiconductor pattern.
Articles utilizing polymeric dielectric materials for gate dielectrics and insulator materials are provided along with methods for making the articles. The articles are useful in electronics-based devices that utilize organic thin film transistors.
To provide a light-emitting element with high emission efficiency. In a light-emitting element including an organic compound between a pair of electrodes, the molecular weight X of the organic compound is 450 or more and 1500 or less, and the absorption edge of the organic compound is at 380 nm or more. By liquid chromatography mass spectrometry in a positive mode in which an argon gas is made to collide with the organic compound subjected to separation using a liquid chromatograph at any energy higher than or equal to 1 eV and lower than or equal to 30 eV, a product ion is detected at least around m/z=(X−240).
A system for sensing data includes one or more sensors formed on a substrate, including flexible substrates. A plurality of transistors are coupled to the one or more sensors and formed on the substrate. Each transistor of the plurality of transistors is constructed with a channel formed of a nanoscale material. The plurality of transistors are configured to perform computing tasks such that data processing and classification are performed directly on the sensor substrate. The nanoscale material can include carbon nanotubes.
An evaporation mask includes: a mask body including a pattern region configured of a plurality of passage holes; and an adjusting frame configured to hold the mask body and having a mechanism capable of adjusting positions of the passage holes on the mask body. The adjusting frame has a frame-like base material, and a movable member that is provided along one or more sides of the base material to be bonded with an outer edge of the mask body, and at least a part of which is deformable on the base material. One or a plurality of slits are provided at a selective region of the movable member.
There are provided a storage device and a storage unit capable of improving retention performance of an intermediate resistance value in writing at a low current, and a storage device and a storage unit capable of reducing random telegraph noise. A storage device of one embodiment of the present technology includes a first electrode, a storage layer, and a second electrode in this order, and the storage layer includes: an ion source layer including one or more kinds of chalcogen elements selected from tellurium (Te), sulfur (S), and selenium (Se), and one or more kinds of transition metal elements selected from Group 4 elements, Group 5 elements, and Group 6 elements of the periodic table; and a resistance change layer including boron (B) and oxygen (O). A storage device of another embodiment of the present technology includes the above-described ion source layer and a resistance change layer including one or more kinds of transaction metal elements selected from Group 4 elements, Group 5 elements, and Group 6 elements of the periodic table, and oxygen (O).
Example embodiments relate to a magnetic memory device that includes a magnetic tunnel junction layer including a first magnetic layer, a second magnetic layer, and a first tunnel barrier layer between the first and second magnetic layers. The second magnetic layer is disposed on the first tunnel barrier layer and is in direct contact with the first tunnel barrier layer. The second magnetic layer includes cobalt-iron-beryllium (CoFeBe). A beryllium content of CoFeBe in the second magnetic layer ranges from about 2 at % to about 10 at %.
The invention relates to methods and compositions for preparing silk-based piezoelectric materials and methods for increasing piezoelectricity in silk matrices.
Provided is a lead-free piezoelectric material having satisfactory piezoelectric constant and mechanical quality factor in a device driving temperature range (−30° C. to 50° C.) The piezoelectric material includes a main component containing a perovskite-type metal oxide represented by Formula 1, a first auxiliary component composed of Mn, and a second auxiliary component composed of Bi or Bi and Li. The content of Mn is 0.040 parts by weight or more and 0.500 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the metal oxide on a metal basis. The content of Bi is 0.042 parts by weight or more and 0.850 parts by weight or less and the content of Li is 0.028 parts by weight or less (including 0 parts by weight) based on 100 parts by weight of the metal oxide on a metal basis.(Ba1-xCax)a(Ti1-yZry)O3 . . . (1), wherein, 0.030≦x<0.090, 0.030≦y≦0.080, and 0.9860≦a≦1.0200.
Systems and methods are disclosed that describe a MEMS device and a method of sensing based on a consensus algorithm. The MEMS device is a sensor comprising multiple piezoelectric layers attached to a microcantilever. It can be used to sense deflections or variations in corresponding parameters of systems in micro- and nano-scales. Multiple piezoelectric elements on a microcantilever can provide a more accurate measurement of the microcantilever's deflection. The device can eliminate bulky laser sensors in SPMs and provide additional use as a biosensor, or chemical sensor at the micro- and nano-scale. The consensus sensing algorithm can provide added robustness into the system. If one of the sensing elements or electrodes fails during a sensing process, other elements can compensate and allow for near zero-error measurement.
In one embodiment, a system is disclosed that includes a thermoelectric generator (TEG) layer that comprises a thermoelectric nanostructure. The system also includes a thermal conductance layer coupling the TEG layer to a catalytic converter and provides heat from an exhaust gas passing through the catalytic converter to the TEG layer. The system additionally includes a cooling layer coupled to the TEG layer opposite the thermal conductance layer that provides cooling to the TEG layer.
A light source may comprise a thermally conductive frame comprising a base and a faceted portion extending from the base. The faceted portion may comprise a plurality of facets spaced circumferentially thereabout. Additionally, a hollow passageway may extend through the base and axially through the faceted portion. A plurality of LED chips may be arranged on the plurality of facets to provide an emission of light in an arc of 360 degrees.
An optoelectronic semiconductor chip includes a semiconductor body with an active region provided for generating electromagnetic radiation, a first mirror layer provided for reflecting the electromagnetic radiation, a first encapsulation layer formed with an electrically insulating material, and a carrier provided for mechanically supporting the first encapsulation layer, the first mirror layer and the semiconductor body. The first mirror layer is arranged between the carrier and the semiconductor body. The first encapsulation layer is arranged between the carrier and the first mirror layer. The first encapsulation layer is an ALD layer.
A light source includes a primary radiation source, which emits radiation in the shortwave range of the optical spectral range, wherein this radiation is converted at least by means of a first luminescent substance entirely or partially into secondary longer-wave radiation in the visible spectral range, wherein the first luminescent substance originates from the class of nitridic modified orthosilicates (NOS), wherein the luminescent substance has as a component M predominantly the group EA=Sr, Ba, Ca, or Mg alone or in combination, wherein the activating dopant D is composed at least of Eu and replaces a proportion of M, and wherein a proportion of SiO2 is introduced in deficiency, so that a modified sub-stoichiometric orthosilicate is provided, wherein the orthosilicate is an orthosilicate stabilized with RE and N, where RE=rare earth metal.
An LED module includes a mount board and an LED chip. The mount board includes: an insulation substrate that includes resin and glass; a first conductor, a second conductor and a third conductor; and a white resist layer. The white resist layer is provided with a first opening, a second opening and at least one third opening for exposing the first conductor, the second conductor and the third conductor, respectively. The LED module further includes a wavelength conversion layer disposed between the LED chip and the third conductor in a thickness direction of the LED chip. The wavelength conversion layer includes phosphor particles that are excited by first light emitted from the LED chip to emit second light having wavelengths greater than wavelengths of the first light.
A semiconductor light emitting device in which adhesion between an insulating layer and a semiconductor layer is improved while maintaining the ability of the insulating layer to limit the direction of current flow. The semiconductor light emitting device includes a semiconductor layer, a first electrode and a second electrode arranged to interpose the semiconductor layer therebetween, an insulating layer provided to the semiconductor layer at the same side as the second electrode and opposite to the first electrodes so as to surround the periphery of the second electrode, a first metal layer covering the second electrode and the insulating layer, and a second metal layer which has a thickness smaller than the thickness of the second electrode and is provided between the semiconductor layer and the insulating layer.
An optoelectronic semiconductor component includes a layer sequence including a p-doped layer, an n-doped layer and an active zone that generates electromagnetic radiation arranged between the n-doped layer and the p-doped layer, wherein the n-doped layer includes at least GaN, an interlayer is arranged in the n-doped layer, wherein the interlayer includes AlxGa1-xN, wherein 0
A light emitting diode (LED) device includes a semiconductor nanowire core, and an In(Al)GaN active region quantum well shell located radially around the semiconductor nanowire core. The active quantum well shell contains indium rich regions having at least 5 atomic percent higher indium content than indium poor regions in the same shell. The active region quantum well shell has a non-uniform surface profile having at least 3 peaks. Each of the at least 3 peaks is separated from an adjacent one of the at least 3 peaks by a valley, and each of the at least 3 peaks extends at least 2 nm in a radial direction away from an adjacent valley.
A method for manufacturing a light-emitting device includes providing a soluble member to cover at least one lateral surface of a light-emitting element. The soluble member includes a material soluble in a first solvent. A light-shielding member is provided to cover at least one lateral surface of the soluble member. The light-shielding member includes a light-shielding resin less soluble in the first solvent than the soluble member. The soluble member is removed with the first solvent. A first light-transmissive member is provided in a space formed by removing the soluble member.
An electrode layer formation step of forming an electrode layer including the first electrode and a removal-target body on a first main surface side of a photoelectric conversion part; an insulating layer formation step of forming an insulating layer so as to cover at least the removal-target body; an opening formation step of forming an opening in the insulating layer by utilizing the removal-target body; and a metal layer formation step of forming a metal layer on the electrode layer through the opening of the insulating layer by a plating method are performed in this order. In the opening formation step, at least a part of the removal-target body is removed by irradiation by a laser beam, so that the opening of the insulating layer is formed.
The present invention discloses a photo-detector comprising: an n-type photon absorbing layer of a first energy bandgap; a middle barrier layer, an intermediate layer is a semiconductor structure; and a contact layer of a third energy bandgap, wherein the layer materials are selected such that the first energy bandgap of the photon absorbing layer is narrower than that of said middle barrier layer; wherein the material composition and thickness of said intermediate layer are selected such that the valence band of the intermediate layer lies above the valence band in the barrier layer to create an efficient trapping and transfer of minority carriers from the barrier layer to the contact layer such that a tunnel current through the barrier layer from the contact layer to the photon absorbing layer is less than a dark current in the photo-detector and the dark current from the photon-absorbing layer to said middle barrier layer is essentially diffusion limited and is due to the unimpeded flow of minority carriers, thus reducing generation-recombination (GR) noise of the photo-detector. The principles of the present invention also apply to inverted polarity structures of the form pBp in which all the doping polarities and band alignments described above are reversed.
Provided herein is a large caliber terahertz wave generating device having a photonic crystal structure. The device includes a first electrode and a second electrode. The first electrode includes a first line pattern extending in a first direction, second line patterns coupled to the first line pattern and extending in a second direction, and third line patterns which are coupled to the first line pattern, extend in the second direction, are disposed between the second line patterns, and are longer than the second line patterns. The second electrode includes a fourth line pattern which extends in the first direction, fifth line patterns coupled to the fourth line pattern and extending in the second direction, and sixth line patterns which are coupled to the fourth line pattern, extend in the second direction, are disposed between the fifth line patterns, and are longer than the fifth line patterns.
A photoelectric conversion device with improved electric characteristics is provided. The photoelectric conversion device has a structure in which a window layer is formed by a stack of a first silicon semiconductor layer and a second silicon semiconductor layer, and the second silicon semiconductor layer has high carrier concentration than the first silicon semiconductor layer and has an opening. Light irradiation is performed on the first silicon semiconductor layer through the opening without passing through the second silicon semiconductor layer; thus, light absorption loss in the window layer can be reduced.
A photovoltaic (PV) module includes an absorber layer coupled to an optic layer. The absorber layer includes an array of PV elements. The optic layer includes a close-packed array of Keplerian telescope elements, each corresponding to one of an array of pupil elements. The Keplerian telescope substantially couple radiation that is incident on their objective surfaces into the corresponding pupil elements. Each pupil element relays radiation that is coupled into it from the corresponding Keplerian telescope element into the corresponding PV element.
A thin film transistor and its manufacturing method, an array substrate and its manufacturing method, and a display device are provided. The thin film transistor includes a gate electrode, a source electrode, a drain electrode, an active layer and a gate insulation layer. The gate insulation layer is provided above the active layer, the gate, the source electrode and the drain electrode are provided on a same layer above the gate insulation layer, the active layer and the source electrode are connected through a first connection electrode, and the active layer and the drain electrode are connected through a second connection electrode. The thin film transistor can be formed by three times of patterning processes, by which the process time period is shortened, the process yield is improved, and the process cost is reduced, and so on.
Semiconductor devices having vertical field effect transistor (FET) devices with reduced contact resistance are provided, as well as methods for fabricating vertical FET devices with reduced contact resistance. For example, a semiconductor device includes a vertical FET device formed on a substrate, and a vertical source/drain contact. The vertical FET device comprises a first source/drain region disposed on a buried insulating layer of the substrate. The first source/drain region comprises an upper surface, sidewall surfaces, and a bottom surface that contacts the buried insulating layer. The vertical source/drain contact is disposed adjacent to the vertical FET device and contacts at least one sidewall surface of the first source/drain region. The vertical source/drain contact comprises an extended portion which is disposed between the first source/drain region and the buried insulating layer and in contact with at least a portion of the bottom surface of the first source/drain region.
Embodiments of the present invention relates to a thin film transistor and a method for manufacturing the same, a display substrate and a display device. The thin film transistor comprises an active layer, a source electrode, a drain electrode and an ohmic contact layer, wherein the ohmic contact layer is disposed between the active layer and the source electrode and/or between the active layer and the drain electrode to improve an ohmic contact property of the active layer with the source electrode and/or the drain electrode. The present invention solves the problem of poor ohmic contact effect between the active layer and the source and drain electrodes in the existing thin film transistor, thereby improving the ohmic contact property of the active layer with the source and drain electrodes and meanwhile improving display effect of images of a display.
A gate structure is formed across a single crystalline semiconductor fin. An amorphizing ion implantation is performed employing the gate structure as an implantation mask to amorphize surface portions of the semiconductor fin into inverted U-shaped amorphous semiconductor portions. A gate spacer is formed around the gate structure, and the inverted U-shaped amorphous semiconductor portions are etched selective to a single crystalline portion of the semiconductor fin and the gate structure. A pair of inverted U-shaped cavities is formed underneath the gate spacer and above the remaining portion of the semiconductor fin. A doped epitaxial semiconductor material is deposited by a selective epitaxy process to form doped epitaxial active regions that include self-aligned extension portions underlying the gate spacer.
In one embodiment, a power MOSFET cell includes an N+ silicon substrate having a drain electrode. An N-type drift layer is grown over the substrate. An N-type layer, having a higher dopant concentration than the drift region, is then formed along with a trench having sidewalls. A P-well is formed in the N-type layer, and an N+ source region is formed in the P-well. A gate is formed over the P-well's lateral channel and has a vertical extension into the trench. A positive gate voltage inverts the lateral channel and increases the vertical conduction along the sidewalls to reduce on-resistance. A vertical shield field plate is also located next to the sidewalls and may be connected to the gate. The field plate laterally depletes the N-type layer when the device is off to increase the breakdown voltage. A buried layer and sinker enable the use of a topside drain electrode.
A functional gate structure is located on a surface of a semiconductor material portion and including a U-shaped gate dielectric portion and a gate conductor portion. A source region is located on one side of the functional gate structure, and a drain region is located on another side of the functional gate structure. The source region and drain region both have a topmost surface that is above a topmost surface of the semiconductor material portion and another surface that touches a portion of the U-shaped gate dielectric. A contact structure is located on the topmost surface of the source region and/or the drain region. A middle-of-the-line air gap contact is located between the contact structure and the functional gate structure and above at least one of the source region and the drain region. The middle-of-the-line air gap contact is sealed by a portion of a conformal dielectric material.
A method for fabricating a shield gate trench MOSFET, including the following steps: forming a hard mask layer and defining a gate forming region; forming a top trench by means of both anisotropic and isotropic etching; forming an oxidative barrier layer; etching back the oxidative barrier layer, and then forming a bottom trench by means of anisotropic etching; forming a bottom oxidative layer by means of thermal oxidative self-alignment; removing the oxidative barrier layer; forming a gate dielectric film; forming a first polysilicon layer; etching back the first polysilicon layer to form respectively therefrom a polysilicon gate and a bottom shield polysilicon; forming a inter-poly dielectric isolation layer; etching back the inter-poly dielectric isolation layer; forming a second polysilicon layer and forming a shield polysilicon by means of superposition with the bottom shield polysilicon.
Integrated circuits and methods for fabricating integrated circuits are provided. In one example, a method for fabricating an integrated circuit includes forming sidewall spacer structures laterally adjacent to a dummy gate structure that overlies a semiconductor substrate. Additional sidewall spacer structures are formed laterally adjacent to the sidewall spacer structures and under lower portions of the sidewall spacer structures. The dummy gate structure is replaced with a replacement gate structure.
A method for fabricating semiconductor device is disclosed. The method includes the steps of: providing a substrate; forming an interfacial layer on the substrate; forming a stack structure on the interfacial layer; patterning the stack structure to form a gate structure on the interfacial layer; forming a liner on the interfacial layer and the gate structure; and removing part of the liner and part of the interfacial layer for forming a spacer.
A method of forming a gate dielectric layer for a MOS transistor includes the following steps. A gate dielectric layer is formed on a substrate. A nitridation process is performed on the gate dielectric layer. A multi-step post nitridation annealing process including two oxygen-containing annealing steps with different respective annealing temperatures is performed on the gate dielectric layer.
Techniques are provided that can impart sufficient electrical conductivity to a semiconductor crystal exhibiting low doping efficiency for silicon atoms, such as InGaAs, by implanting only a small amount of silicon atoms. Such a semiconductor wafer may include a first semiconductor crystal layer, a second semiconductor crystal layer exhibiting a conductivity type that is different from the first layer, a third semiconductor crystal layer exhibiting the conductivity type of the first layer and having a larger band gap than the second semiconductor crystal layer, and a fourth semiconductor crystal layer exhibiting the conductivity type of the first layer and having a smaller band gap than the third semiconductor crystal layer. The fourth semiconductor crystal layer contains a first element that generates a first carrier of a corresponding conductivity type and a second element that generates a second carrier of a corresponding conductivity type.
A method of manufacturing a Fin FET includes forming a fin structure including an upper layer. Part of the upper layer is exposed from an isolation insulating layer. A dummy gate structure is formed over part of the fin structure. The dummy gate structure includes a dummy gate electrode layer and a dummy gate dielectric layer. An interlayer insulating layer is formed over the dummy gate structure. The dummy gate structure is removed so that a space is formed. A gate dielectric layer is formed in the space. A first metal layer is formed over the gate dielectric in the space. A second metal layer is formed over the first metal layer in the space. The first and second metal layers are partially removed, thereby reducing a height of the first and second metal layers. A third metal layer is formed over the partially removed first and second metal layers.
In order to improve the characteristics of a semiconductor device including: a channel layer and a barrier layer formed above a substrate; and a gate electrode arranged over the barrier layer via a gate insulating film, the semiconductor device is configured as follows. A silicon nitride film is provided over the barrier layer between a source electrode and the gate electrode, and is also provided over the barrier layer between a drain electrode and the gate electrode GE. The surface potential of the barrier layer is reduced by the silicon nitride film, thereby allowing two-dimensional electron gas to be formed. Thus, by selectively forming two-dimensional electron gas only in a region where the silicon nitride film is formed, a normally-off operation can be performed even if a trench gate structure is not adopted.
An embodiment includes a substrate, wherein a portion of the substrate extends upwards forming a fin, a gate dielectric over a top surface and at least portions of sidewalls of the fin, a gate electrode over the gate dielectric, and a contact over and extending into the gate electrode, wherein the contact has a first width above the gate electrode and a second width within the gate electrode, the first width being smaller than the second width.
A spalling process can be employed to generate a fracture at a predetermined depth within a high quality crystalline nitride substrate, such as a bulk GaN substrate. A first crystalline conductive film layer can be separated, along the line of fracture, from the crystalline nitride substrate and subsequently bonded to a layered stack including a traditional lower-cost substrate. If the spalled surface of the first crystalline conductive film layer is exposed in the resulting structure, the structure can act as a substrate on which high quality GaN-based devices can be grown.
A semiconductor device includes a first conductivity type semiconductor substrate, a second conductivity type semiconductor layer which is formed on the semiconductor substrate so as to be in contact with the semiconductor substrate, a first conductivity type body region which is formed in a front surface portion of the semiconductor layer, a second conductivity type source region which is formed in a front surface portion of the body region, a second conductivity type drain region which is formed apart from the body region, a gate insulating film which is formed in a front surface of the semiconductor layer so as to be in contact with the body region, a thick insulating film which is formed integrally with the gate insulating film so as to cover the semiconductor layer between the gate insulating film and the drain region and a gate electrode which is opposite to the body region via the gate insulating film. The body region includes a first portion in which a boundary with the semiconductor layer is in contact with the gate insulating film and a second portion in which a boundary with the semiconductor layer is in contact with the thick insulating film.
A semiconductor structure is provided that includes a silicon germanium alloy fin having a second germanium content located on a first portion of a substrate. The structure further includes a laterally graded silicon germanium alloy material portion located on a second portion of the substrate. The laterally graded silicon germanium alloy material portion is spaced apart from the silicon germanium alloy fin and has end portions having the second germanium content and a middle portion located between the end portions that has a first germanium content that is less than the second germanium content.
The present disclosure provides a semiconductor device with a strained SiGe channel and a method for fabricating such a device. In an embodiment, a semiconductor device includes a substrate including at least two isolation features, a fin substrate disposed between and above the at least two isolation features, and an epitaxial layer disposed over exposed portions of the fin substrate. According to one aspect, the epitaxial layer may be disposed over a top surface and sidewalls of the fin substrate. According to another aspect, the fin substrate may be disposed substantially completely above the at least two isolation features.
A method for forming nanowires includes forming a plurality of epitaxial layers on a substrate, the layers including alternating material layers with high and low Ge concentration and patterning the plurality of layers to form fins. The fins are etched to form recesses in low Ge concentration layers to form pillars between high Ge concentration layers. The pillars are converted to dielectric pillars. A conformal material is formed in the recesses and on the dielectric pillars. The high Ge concentration layers are condensed to form hexagonal Ge wires with (111) facets. The (111) facets are exposed to form nanowires.
A semiconductor structure includes a semiconductor substrate, a first active area, a second active area, a first trench, at least one raised portion, and a first dielectric. The first active area is in the semiconductor substrate. The second active area is in the semiconductor substrate. The first trench is in the semiconductor substrate and separates the first active area and the second active area from each other. The raised portion is raised from the semiconductor substrate and is disposed in the first trench. The first dielectric is in the first trench and covers the raised portion.
A semiconductor device includes a substrate having a first conductivity type, a high-voltage well having a second conductivity type and formed in the substrate, a drift region formed in the high-voltage well, a drain region formed in the high-voltage well and spaced apart from the drift region, and a buried region having the first conductivity type formed in the high-voltage well between the drift region and the drain region.
A display device includes a first substrate arranged with a plurality of pixels on a first surface, the plurality of pixels having a display element including a transistor, and a first wiring connected to the transistor, a through electrode arranged in a first contact hole reaching the first wiring from a second surface facing the first surface of the first substrate, a second wiring connected with the through electrode, a first insulation film arranged covering the second wiring on the second surface of the first substrate, and a terminal connected with a second wiring via a second contact hole arranged in the first insulation film.
A transparent organic light emitting display apparatus include a base substrate, a light blocking pattern disposed on the base substrate, a thin film transistor disposed on the base substrate, a first electrode disposed on the base substrate and electrically connected to the thin film transistor, a pixel defining layer disposed on the base substrate and overlapping the first light blocking pattern, a second electrode disposed on the base substrate, a light emitting structure disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a second light blocking pattern overlapping the first light blocking pattern. The first light blocking pattern defines a first opening. The second light blocking pattern defines a second opening which overlaps the first opening. The pixel defining layer defines a third opening which overlaps the first and second openings configured to pass external light through the first to third openings.
An organic EL display panel includes: a first pixel electrode and a red organic light-emitting layer sequentially disposed in red subpixel region; a second pixel electrode and a green organic light-emitting layer sequentially disposed in green subpixel region; a third pixel electrode and a first blue organic light-emitting layer sequentially disposed in blue subpixel region; a charge generation layer disposed above the red, green, and first blue light-emitting layers; a second blue organic light-emitting layer disposed on the charge generation layer in the entire subpixel regions; a counter electrode disposed above the second blue light-emitting layer in the entire subpixels regions; a first light conversion layer disposed above the second blue light-emitting layer in the red subpixel region, and converts blue light to red light; and a second light conversion layer disposed above the second blue light-emitting layer in the green subpixel region, and converts blue light to green light.
In one example embodiment, a display device for suppressing reflected light includes a driving circuit and a display region which includes a plurality of pixels. In one example embodiment, the plurality of pixels includes a first pixel having a first light emitting element which includes a first light emitting portion having a first layer surface. In one example embodiment, first pixel includes a second light emitting element which includes a second light emitting portion having a second, different layer surface. In one example embodiment, the first pixel includes a third light emitting element which includes a third light emitting portion having a third, different layer surface.
Provided is an imaging element including: a light receiving element 20; and a stacked structure body 130 that is placed on a light incident side of the light receiving element 20 and in which a semiconductor layer 131 and a nanocarbon film 132 to which a prescribed electric potential is applied are stacked from the light receiving element side. The semiconductor layer 131 is made of a wide gap semiconductor with an electron affinity of 3.5 eV or more, or is made of a semiconductor with a band gap of 2.0 eV or more and an electron affinity of 3.5 eV or more.
A solid-state imaging apparatus, comprising a first semiconductor region of a first conductivity type provided on a substrate by an epitaxial growth method, a second semiconductor region of the first conductivity type provided on the first semiconductor region, and a third semiconductor region of a second conductivity type provided in the second semiconductor region so as to form a pn junction with the second semiconductor region, wherein the first semiconductor region is formed such that an impurity concentration decreases from a side of the substrate to a side of the third semiconductor region, and an impurity concentration distribution in the second semiconductor region is formed by an ion implantation method.
A method provides a first substrate supporting an insulator layer having trenches formed therein; filling the trenches using an epitaxial growth process with at least semiconductor material; planarizing tops of the filled trenches; forming a first layer of dielectric material on a resulting planarized surface; inverting the first substrate wafer to place the first layer of dielectric material in contact with a second layer of dielectric material on a second substrate; bonding the first substrate to the second substrate through the first and second layers of dielectric material to form a common layer of dielectric material; and removing the first substrate and a first portion of the filled trenches to leave a second portion of the filled trenches disposed upon the common dielectric layer. The removed first portion of the filled trenches contains dislocation defects. The method then removes the insulator layer to leave a plurality of Fin structures.
Methods of operating semiconductor memory devices with floating body transistors, using a silicon controlled rectifier principle are provided, as are semiconductor memory devices for performing such operations. A method of maintaining the data state of a semiconductor dynamic random access memory cell is provided, wherein the memory cell comprises a substrate being made of a material having a first conductivity type selected from p-type conductivity type and n-type conductivity type; a first region having a second conductivity type selected from the p-type and n-type conductivity types, the second conductivity type being different from the first conductivity type; a second region having the second conductivity type, the second region being spaced apart from the first region; a buried layer in the substrate below the first and second regions, spaced apart from the first and second regions and having the second conductivity type; a body region formed between the first and second regions and the buried layer, the body region having the first conductivity type; and a gate positioned between the first and second regions and adjacent the body region. The memory cell is configured to store a first data state which corresponds to a first charge in the body region in a first configuration, and a second data state which corresponds to a second charge in the body region in a second configuration. The method includes: providing the memory cell storing one of the first and second data states; and applying a positive voltage to a substrate terminal connected to the substrate beneath the buried layer, wherein when the body region is in the first state, the body region turns on a silicon controlled rectifier device of the cell and current flows through the device to maintain configuration of the memory cell in the first memory state, and wherein when the memory cell is in the second state, the body region does not turn on the silicon controlled rectifier device, current does not flow, and a blocking operation results, causing the body to maintain the second memory state.
The present disclosure describes a fin-like field-effect transistor (FinFET). The device includes one or more fin structures over a substrate, each with source/drain (S/D) features and a high-k/metal gate (HK/MG). A first HK/MG in a first gate region wraps over an upper portion of a first fin structure, the first fin structure including an epitaxial silicon (Si) layer as its upper portion and an epitaxial growth silicon germanium (SiGe), with a silicon germanium oxide (SiGeO) feature at its outer layer, as its middle portion, and the substrate as its bottom portion. A second HK/MG in a second gate region, wraps over an upper portion of a second fin structure, the second fin structure including an epitaxial SiGe layer as its upper portion, an epitaxial Si layer as it upper middle portion, an epitaxial SiGe layer as its lower middle portion, and the substrate as its bottom portion.
A resistor includes a first conductive layer; a second conductive layer protruding from the first conductive layer; a third conductive layer located above and facing the first conductive layer to face the first conductive layer; and at least two contact plugs electrically coupled to the third conductive layer.
The present invention relates to a display device including a static electricity discharge circuit. The display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: a thin film transistor array panel including a display area including a plurality of pixels and a peripheral area around the display area; a signal wire positioned at the peripheral area; and a static electricity discharge circuit unit positioned at the peripheral area and connected to the signal wire, wherein the static electricity discharge circuit unit includes a first portion and a second portion positioned at a same layer as a portion of the signal wire and facing each other with a separation space therebetween, and a connecting member positioned at a different layer from the first portion and the second portion and electrically connecting the first portion and the second portion.
A semiconductor device includes a power element and a heat sensing element configured to detect a temperature of the power element. The power element includes lateral MOS transistors having drains, two of the drains being shorter in length than the remaining drains, and the heat sensing element has a rectangular shape and is disposed between the two shorter drains to accurately detect the temperature of the power element.
An IC includes logic cells, selected from a standard cell library, and fill cells, configured for compatibility with the standard logic cells. The fill cells contain structures configured to obtain in-line data via non-contact electrical measurements (“NCEM”). The IC includes such NCEM-enabled fill cells configured to enable detection and/or measurement of a variety of short-circuit failure modes, including at least one chamfer-short-related failure mode, one AACNT-short-related failure mode, one GATE-short-related failure mode, and one TS-short-related failure mode.
An IC includes logic cells, selected from a standard cell library, and fill cells, configured for compatibility with the standard logic cells. The fill cells contain structures configured to obtain in-line data via non-contact electrical measurements (“NCEM”). The IC includes such NCEM-enabled fill cells configured to enable detection and/or measurement of a variety of open-circuit and short-circuit failure modes, including at least one via-open-related failure mode, one GATECNT-short-related failure mode, one metal-short-related failure mode, and one AA-short-related failure mode.
An IC includes logic cells, selected from a standard cell library, and fill cells, configured for compatibility with the standard logic cells. The fill cells contain structures configured to obtain in-line data via non-contact electrical measurements (“NCEM”). The IC includes such NCEM-enabled fill cells configured to enable detection and/or measurement of a variety of open-circuit and short-circuit failure modes, including at least one via-open-related failure mode, one AACNT-short-related failure mode, one GATECNT-short-related failure mode, and one TS-short-related failure mode.
A method of making a semiconductor device can include providing a temporary carrier with adhesive. A first semiconductor die and a second semiconductor die can be mounted face up to the temporary carrier such that back surfaces of the first semiconductor die and the second semiconductor die are depressed within the adhesive. An embedded die panel can be formed by encapsulating at least four sides surfaces and an active surface of the first semiconductor die, the second semiconductor die, and side surfaces of the conductive interconnects in a single step. The conductive interconnects of the first semiconductor die and the second semiconductor die can be interconnected without a silicon interposer by forming a fine-pitch build-up interconnect structure over the embedded die panel to form at least one molded core unit. The at least one molded core unit can be mounted to an organic multi-layer substrate.
A power semiconductor module includes a wiring member that electrically connects a front surface electrode of a semiconductor element and a circuit board of an insulating substrate in a housing. A resin provided in the housing covers the wiring member, and has a height in the vicinity of the wiring member. A cover covering the periphery of external terminals is provided between the resin and a first lid in the housing. A second lid is provided further outside the first lid in an aperture portion of the housing, and the space between the second lid and the first lid is filled with another resin.
Semiconductor devices and methods of forming a semiconductor device are disclosed. The device includes a wafer with top and bottom surfaces. The wafer includes edge and non-edge regions. The wafer includes a plurality of devices and partially processed TSV contacts disposed in the non-edge region and a groove disposed at the edge region. The groove enables edges of the wafer to be automatically trimmed off as the wafer is subject to a back-grinding planarization process to expose the TSV contacts in the non-edge region of the wafer.
A semiconductor package includes a first logic die, a second logic die disposed in close proximity to the first logic die, a bridge memory die coupled to both the first logic die and the second logic die, a redistribution layer (RDL) structure coupled to the first logic die and the second logic die, and a molding compound at least partially encapsulating the first logic die, the second logic die, and the bridge memory die. The first logic die and the second logic die are coplanar.
A manufacturing method of a passive component structure includes the following steps. A protection layer is formed on a substrate, and bond pads of the substrate are respectively exposed through protection layer openings. A conductive layer is formed on the bond pads and the protection layer. A patterned photoresist layer is formed on the conductive layer, and the conductive layer adjacent to the protection layer openings is exposed through photoresist layer openings. Copper bumps are respectively electroplated on the conductive layer. The photoresist layer and the conductive layer not covered by the copper bumps are removed. A passivation layer is formed on the copper bumps and the protection layer, and at least one of the copper bumps is exposed through a passivation layer opening. A diffusion barrier layer and an oxidation barrier layer are chemically plated in sequence on the copper bump.
An electronic apparatus includes a first electronic part with a first terminal, a second electronic part with a second terminal opposite the first terminal, and a joining portion which joins the first terminal and the second terminal. The joining portion contains a pole-like compound extending in a direction in which the first terminal and the second terminal are opposite to each other. The joining portion contains the pole-like compound, so the strength of the joining portion is improved. When the first terminal and the second terminal are joined, the temperature of one of the first electronic part and the second electronic part is made higher than that of the other. A joining material is cooled and solidified in this state. By doing so, the pole-like compound is formed.
An electrical connectors with electrodeposited terminals that are grown in place by electroplating cavities formed in a series of resist layers. The resist layers are subsequently stripped away. The resulting terminal shape is defined by the shape of the cavity created in the resist layers. Complex terminal shapes are possible. The present conductive terminals are particularly useful for electrical interconnects and semiconductor packaging substrates.
A chip package including a first device substrate is provided. The first device substrate is attached to a first surface of a second device substrate. A third device substrate is attached to a second surface of the second device substrate opposite to the first surface. An insulating layer covers the first, second and third device substrates and has at least one opening therein. At least one bump is disposed under a bottom of the opening. A redistribution layer is disposed on the insulating layer and electrically connected to the bump through the opening. A method for forming the chip package is also provided.
A method comprises forming a first gate of a first field effect transistor (FET) device over a first channel region of a first fin arranged on a substrate, forming a second gate of a second FET device over a second channel region of a second fin arranged on the substrate, the second channel region having a width that is greater than a width of the first channel region, etching to remove portions of the insulator material and define a first cavity that exposes an active region of the first FET device and a second cavity that exposes an active region of the second FET device, and depositing a conductive material in the first cavity to define a first contact and depositing a conductive material in the second cavity to define a second contact, the second contact having a width that is greater than a width of the first contact.
A semiconductor structure includes a gate structure disposed on a substrate. At least one lightly doped region adjoins the gate structure in the substrate. The at least one lightly doped region has a first conductivity type. A source feature and a drain feature are on opposite sides of the gate structure in the substrate. The source feature and the drain feature have the first conductivity type. The source feature is in the at least one lightly doped region. A bulk pick-up region adjoins the source feature in the at least one lightly doped region. The bulk pick-up region has a second conductivity type.
The present disclosure relates to semiconductor structures and, more particularly, to a self-aligned deep contact for a vertical field effect transistor (VFET) and methods of manufacture. The structure includes a plurality of fin structures, a first contact landing on a substrate material between a first set of fin structures of the plurality of fin structures, sidewalls of the first contact being in direct contact with an insulator material of the first set of the fin structures, and a second contact landing on a work function material between a second set of fin structures of the plurality of fin structures, sidewalls of the second contact being in direct contact with the insulator material of the second set of the fin structures.
A process of making a semiconductor structure. The process includes forming a wiring line; forming a reliability enhancement material on the wiring line; forming an interlayer dielectric (ILD) layer on the wiring line; forming a via opening through the ILD layer and reliability enhancement material to expose a surface of the wiring line; and filling the via opening with a metal to form a metal-filled via in contact with the wiring line wherein the reliability enhancement material is in direct contact with the metal-filled via; wherein the reliability enhancement material causes a compressive stress on the metal-filled via where it contacts the wiring line. Another embodiment includes the metal-filled via being an iso-via so that there is only one metal-filled via per wiring line.
The present invention provides a container opening/closing device for opening and closing a lid of a container. The container comprises a container body including an opening and the lid detachably attached to the opening. The device comprises an opening/closing mechanism including a holding portion for holding the lid and a pressing mechanism. The opening/closing mechanism opens and closes the opening by moving the holding portion between a closing position and an open position. The pressing mechanism presses a peripheral edge of the holding portion toward the container body when the opening/closing mechanism moves the lid from the open position to the closing position.
A manufacturing line for a semiconductor device according to the invention is a manufacturing line for manufacturing a semiconductor device by circulating a workpiece along a conveyance route on which a plurality of treatment devices are arranged. The conveyance route includes a first route on which the treatment devices with a large number of times of treatment are arranged, and a second route on which the treatment devices with a small number of times of treatment are arranged. Besides, the conveyance route makes a changeover between the conveyance of the workpiece that has moved along the first route to the first route in a continuous manner, and the conveyance of the workpiece that has moved along the first route to the second route.
A wafer carrier 1 includes a lower unit 2 on which a semiconductor wafer 100 is placed, and an upper unit 3 detachably attached to the lower unit 2, and forming a sealed chamber 4 for housing the semiconductor wafer 100 between the upper unit 3 and the lower unit 2. The upper unit 3 is provided with plural lock mechanisms 5 that fix the lower unit 2 to the upper unit 3 by abutting on a side surface of the lower unit 2.
A cleaning apparatus for a semiconductor substrate includes a belt conveyor, a treatment head that executes cleaning, rinsing and drying treatments, a rinse water supplying mechanism that supplies rinse water adjusted to a predetermined pH value to the treatment head and configured to rinse the substrate applies heat to the rinse water to set a rinse water temperature to 70° or above, and an optical mechanism. The treatment head is configured to rinse the substrate. The optical mechanism is configured to recognize a pattern on the semiconductor substrate so that the semiconductor substrate can be automatically placed on the belt conveyor with a direction of the recognized pattern and a feeding direction of the belt conveyor having a predetermined relationship. The treatment head includes a drying treatment mechanism configured to execute both a drying treatment with use of drying solvent and lamp annealing in execution of drying treatment.
A method of fabricating a semiconductor structure is provided and includes the following steps. A semiconductor substrate including fin structures is provided. Each fin structure is partly located in a first region and partly located in a second region adjoining the first region. A fin remove process is performed for removing the fin structures in the second region. A fin cut process with a fin cut mask is performed for cutting a part of the fin structures in the first region. The fin cut mask includes cut patterns and a compensation pattern. The cut patterns are located corresponding to a part of the fin structures in the first region. The compensation pattern is located corresponding to the second region of the semiconductor substrate. A fin bump is formed in the second region and corresponding to the compensation pattern after the fin cut process and the fin remove process.
Systems and methods for reverse pulsing are described. One of the methods includes receiving a digital signal having a first state and a second state. The method further includes generating a transformer coupled plasma (TCP) radio frequency (RF) pulsed signal having a high state when the digital signal is in the first state and having a low state when the digital signal is in the second state. The method includes providing the TCP RF pulsed signal to one or more coils of a plasma chamber, generating a bias RF pulsed signal having a low state when the digital signal is in the first state and having a high state when the digital signal is in the second state, and providing the bias RF pulsed signal to a chuck of the plasma chamber.
A method of polishing a SiC substrate by supplying a polishing liquid and bringing a polishing pad into contact with the SiC substrate is provided. The polishing liquid contains a permanganate, inorganic salts having an oxidizing ability, and water. The method includes: a first polishing step of polishing the SiC substrate by use of a first polishing pad; and a second polishing step of polishing the SiC substrate by use of a second polishing pad softer than the first polishing pad after the first polishing step.
In accordance with an embodiment a bottom anti-reflective layer comprises a surface energy modification group which modifies the surface energy of the polymer resin to more closely match a surface energy of an underlying material in order to help fill gaps between structures. The surface energy of the polymer resin may be modified by either using a surface energy modifying group or else by using an inorganic structure.
Embodiments relate generally to semiconductor device fabrication and processes, and more particularly, to systems and methods that implement magnetic field generators configured to generate rotating magnetic fields to facilitate physical vapor deposition (“PVD”). In one embodiment, a system generates a first portion of a magnetic field adjacent a first circumferential portion of a substrate, and can generate a second portion of the magnetic field adjacent to a second circumferential portion of the substrate. The second circumferential portion is disposed at an endpoint of a diameter that passes through an axis of rotation to another endpoint of the diameter at which the first circumferential portion resides. The second peak magnitude can be less than the first peak magnitude. The system rotates the first and second portions of the magnetic fields to decompose a target material to form a plasma adjacent the substrate. The system forms a film upon the substrate.
A novel compact air-cavity electrodeless high intensity discharge lamp is disclosed that provides added flexibility in its design to improve performance and reliability. A coupling sleeve surrounds a bulb assembly that can replace the output coupling element require for effective operation of the lamp. The coupling sleeve couples the RF energy from the input coupling element to the bulb and the bulb assembly serves to provide the heat sinking needed for the bulb to operate within the temperature range necessary to achieve optimum performance with good reliability. Changing the design of the bulb assembly does not impact the resonant frequency of the air-cavity resonator. De-coupling the bulb assembly design from the operating frequency of the resonator gives more flexibility to designer to optimize the overall performance of the electrodeless HID lamp.
An apparatus for generating energetic particles and application of coatings in a vacuum comprising a plasma duct surrounded by a magnetic deflecting and focusing system communicating with a primary cathodic arc plasma source in a cathode chamber and a distal anode in a coating chamber. A coating chamber comprises a substrate holder off of an optical axis of the plasma source. A set of baffles are installed along the walls of cathode chambers and the plasma duct not occupied with plasma sources and in some embodiments across the plasma stream to trap macroparticles and neutrals. A plasma duct has a deflecting portion with attached cathode chamber and a tunnel portion attached to the coating chamber. The deflecting system comprises a deflecting coil surrounding the cathode chamber having an off-set deflecting conductor spaced from the plasma duct. In one embodiment a magnetron source is magnetically coupled with cathodic arc source.
A system and method for maskless direct write lithography are disclosed. The method includes receiving a plurality of pixels that represent an integrated circuit (IC) layout; identifying a first subset of the pixels that are suitable for a first compression method; and identifying a second subset of the pixels that are suitable for a second compression method. The method further includes compressing the first and second subset using the first and second compression method respectively, resulting in compressed data. The method further includes delivering the compressed data to a maskless direct writer for manufacturing a substrate. In embodiments, the first compression method uses a run-length encoding and the second compression method uses a dictionary-based encoding. Due to the hybrid compression method, the compressed data can be decompressed with a data rate expansion ratio sufficient for high-volume IC manufacturing.
A x-ray apparatus of the present application comprises: a vacuum box which is sealed at its periphery, and the interior thereof is high vacuum; a plurality of electron transmitting units arranged in a linear array and installed on the wall at one end within the vacuum box, each electron transmitting unit is independent to each other; the electron transmitting unit having: a heating filament; a cathode connected to the heating filament; a grid arranged above the cathode opposing the cathode; anode made of metal and installed at the other end of the vacuum box, and in the direction of length, the anode is parallel to the plane of the grid of the electron transmitting unit, and in the direction of width, the anode has a predetermined angle with respect to the plane of the grid of the electron transmitting unit.
A heat spreader for high volume manufacturing of a heat source, having a heat spreader composition which comprises a heat spreader material, an adhesive thereon, and a release material. The adhesive and release material are selected to prevent delamination of the heat spreader material when the release material is removed during the high volume manufacturing process of heat sources.
Methods and devices related to preventing accidental operation of a switch are disclosed. An example device includes a main body, and a latch element rotatably connected to the main body and is configured to move relative to the main body between an unlatched position and a latched position. In the latched position, the main body and the latch element encapsulate the switch. Also, in the latched position, the main body and the latch element form a cavity configured to accommodate wiring to the switch. Further, the main body is configured with a cutout to reveal a status of the switch. The switch has Lock Out Tag Out (LOTO) index pin compatibility.
An electric switch, in particular for manually operated electric tools or appliances with an electric motor, is switchable from outside by means of a plunger. A changeover device is provided for setting the direction of rotation of the electric motor, which changeover device can be activated for example by a tappet arranged on the outside. The switch is constructed very compactly, which simplifies the sealing of a switch of this type.
Disclosed herein is stack-type flow energy storage system. More particularly, the system includes a stack-type electrode cell composed of fluidic electrode material mixed with an electrolyte and storage tank for the electrode material, thereby remarkably improving stability, output and energy density. The stack-type flow energy storage system is advantageous in that unit cells, each consisting of a cathode, a separation membrane and an anode, are connected in parallel or in series to each other to make a stack cell, thus remarkably increasing output power. Further, the stack-type flow energy storage system is advantageous in that the sizes of slurry storage tanks connected to an electrode cell are adjusted, thus determining the required specification of energy density.
Disclosed are magnetic structures, including on-chip inductors comprising laminated layers comprising, in order, a barrier and/or adhesion layer, a antiferromagnetic layer, a magnetic growth layer, a soft magnetic layer, an insulating non-magnetic spacer, a soft magnetic layer, a magnetic growth later, an antiferromagnetic layer. Also disclosed are methods of making such structures.
A dry-type transformer for mobile applications includes a transformer core, at least one radially inner first winding segment, and at least one radially outer, second hollow cylindrical winding segment. The segments are wound around a common winding axis and the transformer core passes therethrough. The segments are nested inside one another and radially spaced apart from one another, such that a hollow cylindrical cooling duct is formed therebetween. Spacing is achieved by spacer elements arranged such that the cooling duct allows a passage of coolant in an axial direction. The spacer elements are formed and arranged along the radial circumference of the cooling duct over the axial length thereof such that the proportionate weight of the horizontal transformer can be borne on at least one contact surface of the at least second winding segment without causing deformation to the cooling duct.
In large area plasma processing systems, process gases may be introduced to the chamber via the showerhead assembly which may be driven as an RF electrode. The gas feed tube, which is grounded, is electrically isolated from the showerhead. The gas feed tube may provide not only process gases, but also cleaning gases from a remote plasma source to the process chamber. The inside of the gas feed tube may remain at either a low RF field or a zero RF field to avoid premature gas breakdown within the gas feed tube that may lead to parasitic plasma formation between the gas source and the showerhead. By feeding the gas through an RF choke, the RF field and the processing gas may be introduced to the processing chamber through a common location and thus simplify the chamber design.
A resistance assembly for a mobile device and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. The resistance assembly for a mobile device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes: a substrate having a circuit formed thereon; first to third pads laminated and separated from one another on the substrate; first to third terminals connected to the first to third pads, respectively; and first and second resistors formed between the first and second terminals and between the second and third terminals, respectively, and serially connected to each other and configured to adjust electric current flowed into the circuit.
An electrical cable arrangement comprises a first electrical cable and a second electrical cable. The first electrical cable comprises first and second conductor sets and a first carrier film. The cable comprises a first pinched portion between the first and second conductor sets. The second electrical cable comprises a third conductor set and a second carrier film. The first and second carrier films include cover portions at least partially covering each of the first and second conductor sets and the third conductor set, respectively, and parallel portions extending from both sides of each of the first and second conductor sets and the third conductor set, respectively. The first electrical cable and the second electrical cable extend in substantially the same direction and are arranged in a nested configuration such that the insulated conductors of the third conductor set are disposed within the first pinched portion of the first electrical cable.
A system and method for storing multiple canisters containing high level waste below grade that afford adequate ventilation of the spent fuel storage cavity. In one aspect, the invention is a ventilated system for storing high level waste emitting heat, the system comprising: an air-intake shell forming an air-intake cavity; a plurality of storage shells, each storage shell forming a storage cavity; a lid positioned atop each of the storage shells; an outlet vent forming a passageway between an ambient environment and a top portion of each of the storage cavities; and a network of pipes forming hermetically sealed passageways between a bottom portion of the air-intake cavity and at least two different openings at a bottom portion of each of the storage cavities such that blockage of a first one of the openings does not prohibit air from flowing from the air-intake cavity into the storage cavity via a second one of the openings.
According to one embodiment, a memory system includes: a non-volatile memory; a memory interface that reads a received word from the non-volatile memory; a decoder that decodes the received word; a control unit that predicts the number of error bits in the received word read from the non-volatile memory, predicts decoding time on the basis of the number of error bits predicted, and determines an operating clock frequency of the decoder on the basis of the predicted decoding time and requested decoding time being the decoding time requested; and a frequency control unit that supplies the operating clock frequency determined by the control unit to the decoder and supplies voltage corresponding to the operating clock frequency being determined to the decoder.
Methods of operating a memory device having embedded leak checks may mitigate data loss events due to access line defects, and may facilitate improved power consumption characteristics. Such methods might include applying a program pulse to a selected access line coupled to a memory cell selected for programming, verifying whether the selected memory cell has reached a desired data state, bringing the selected access line to a first voltage, applying a second voltage to an unselected access line, applying a reference current to the selected access line, and determining if a current flow between the selected access line and the unselected access line is greater than the reference current.
A reading method for preventing a read disturbance and a memory using the same are provided. The reading method includes the following steps: At least one of a plurality of string select lines is selected and a predetermined string select voltage is applied to the selected string select line. Only one of a plurality of ground select lines is selected and a predetermined ground select voltage is applied to the selected ground select line.
A memory device capable of narrowing the threshold voltage distribution thereof includes word lines, bit lines, memory cells, a word line driver configured to apply voltage to a selected word line, a sense amplifier circuit configured to detect data of the memory cell, and a controller configured to control the word line driver and the sense amplifier. A write sequence includes a write operation in which write voltage is applied to the selected word line by the word line driver, and a verify operation in which, when a threshold voltage of the selected memory cell reaches a reference voltage, writing to the selected memory cell is completed. Based on second data that is written later than the first data to an adjacent memory cell adjacent to the selected memory cell, the controller changes the reference voltage used for completing the writing to the selected memory cell.
A low voltage detection circuit includes a first detection block configured to detect a level of an external voltage according to a reference voltage, and output a pre-detection signal; and a second detection block configured to generate a low voltage detection signal of a beginning level regardless of a variation in a level of the pre-detection signal when the level of the pre-detection signal is detected as the beginning level.
According to one embodiment, a semiconductor memory device includes a memory cell array, a data storage circuit and a control circuit. The data storage circuit holds first data to be written into the memory cell and holds 1 bit data calculated from the first data. The control circuit writes the data of n bits into the memory cell in a first write operation and then executes a second write operation. The control circuit carries out the following control in the second write operation. It reads data stored in the memory cell in the first write operation. It restores the first data based on the data read from the memory cell and the 1 bit data held in the data storage circuit. It writes the restored first data into the memory cell.
A semiconductor memory device contains a first memory cell including a first variable resistive element, and a first circuit for controlling a write performed for the first memory cell. The first circuit performs a first write for writing first data in the first memory cell in a first time, determines whether the first write fails or not, and performs a second write for writing the first data in the first memory cell in a second time longer than the first time, if the first write fails.
Techniques relating to providing clock signals to a storage element. Generally, different portions of a given storage element may be clocked according to different schemes. This technique may be pertinent to a storage element that has a portion for which the associated bit values do not change frequently relative to another portion of the storage element. For such a storage element, a high-frequency portion may be clocked upon an access to the storage element, while a low-frequency portion may be clocked only if there is a change in the associated bit values. This technique can be applied to various storage elements, including registers and FIFO buffer entries. An apparatus may be designed such that the low-frequency and high-frequency portions of a storage element do not change during operation. Alternatively, the low-frequency and high-frequency portions of the storage element may be changeable based on a current operating mode of the apparatus.
A memory control circuit capable of holding a memory device in a self-refresh mode even when a memory controller is powered off and then restarted. The controller performs data memory reset processing including deleting data in a buffer of a volatile memory device which operates when supplied with power from a first power supply, by changing an effective memory reset signal after the voltage of a second power supply becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value. The memory reset signal is masked when an effective mask signal is generated. Whether to keep the data is determined when an event occurs which makes the voltage of the second power supply lower than the reset reference value and the first power supply is on. The memory reset signal is masked by making the mask signal effective when the data is determined to be kept.
Apparatuses, systems, methods, and computer program products are disclosed for preventing overheating, for annealing non-volatile memory. An apparatus may include an array of non-volatile storage elements. A heating element may be configured to heat a first set of the non-volatile storage elements to anneal the first set of non-volatile storage elements. A heat shield or cooling element may be configured to prevent a second set of the non-volatile storage elements from overheating during annealing of the first set of non-volatile storage elements, to mitigate data errors for data stored on the second set of non-volatile storage elements.
A memory array can include a global evaluation circuit, a local evaluation circuit for evaluating a voltage level of a local bit line and a wake transistor configured to connect an output of the local evaluation circuit to a global bit line (GBL) of the global evaluation circuit. The global evaluation circuit can include a holding circuit. The wake transistor can be turned on in response to a read signal, and remain on while the GBL is precharged to a logical “high” voltage. Memory cells connected to the at least one local bit line can be addressed, and the local bit line can be pulled to a logical “low” voltage for a first time period. The GBL can be pulled to a logical low voltage for a second time period, and the holding circuit polarity can be reversed during a third time period.
A memory circuit may be provided. The memory circuit may include a memory array. The memory circuit may include an input and output path circuit coupled to a probe pad and a bump pad, and may be configured to input and output a signal between an exterior of the memory circuit and the memory array. The memory circuit may include a scanning circuit configured to generate a sensing signal by sensing a signal outputted through the bump pad while performing scanning of at least one of a reference voltage and a test strobe signal.
A semiconductor memory device includes a program and read unit suitable for programming program data in a memory cell array and for reading read data stored in the memory cell array, and a control unit suitable for generating a control signal for controlling the program and read unit in response to a command input from the outside of the semiconductor memory device, in which the control unit controls the program and read unit to read the read data in a state of storing a first bit data of the program data when a read command is input while programming the program data.
A power path controller included in a system-on-chip (SoC) is provided. The power path controller is coupled to a first power source and a second power source. The power path controller includes a first switch located between the first power source and a memory core included in the SoC, a second switch located between the second power source and the memory core, a comparator configured to compare a first power supply voltage supplied from the first power source with a second power supply voltage supplied from the second power source, and a switch controller configured to selectively activate the first switch or the second switch according to a comparison result of the comparator.
Contextual parameters of digital media content may be obtained. The digital media content may be associated with a content capture user and/or an end user. Editing parameters having values defining one or more editing attributes, including one or more selected moments of interest, of an edited version of the digital media content may be received. Individual post-capture user profiles may include expertise attributes associated with individual post-capture users. A set of post-capture users may be identified as potential matches for creating the edited version of the digital media content based upon one or more of values of contextual parameters, editing parameters, one or more expertise attributes of the post-capture user profiles, and/or other information. The set of post-capture users may be presented to the content capture user and/or the end user for selection of one of the post-capture users to create the edited version of the digital media content.
A system and method for creating a spatiotemporal image representation with information content that enables accurate and rapid processing for several applications.
A method for manufacturing a magnetic core module in a magnetic head, the magnetic core module and the magnetic head. The method for manufacturing the magnetic core module includes: a process for placing a magnetic core group in a holder mold cavity as an insert; and a process for injection-molding in the holder mold cavity. A method for manufacturing the magnetic core module allows the magnetic core group and the holder to be integrally injection-molded with a method of injection molding which uses the magnetic core group as an insert. The method simplifies the process of manufacturing a magnetic head to improve production efficiency, and saves labor and production costs. Further, the method prevents failures such as positional displacement and scattering of magnetic cores, which tends to occur when assembling thin and small magnetic cores, and ensures an ideal yield for a product.
Technologies for emotional modulation of natural language responses include a computing device that receives natural language requests from a user. The computing device identifies emotional features of the request and estimates an emotional state of the request by comparing the emotional features to a vocal pattern database. The computing device generates a natural language response and modulates the emotional content of the natural language response based on the emotional state of the request and the vocal pattern database. The computing device may modulate the natural language response to mimic the emotional state of the request, or to oppose the emotional state of the request. Possible emotional states include urgency, certainty, and dominance. Possible emotional features include acoustic, prosodic, and linguistic characteristics of the user request. The computing device may update the vocal pattern database based on the user request to adapt to the user. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
Acoustic noise in an audio signal is reduced by calculating a speech probability presence (SPP) factor using minimum mean square error (MMSE). The SPP factor, which has a value typically ranging between zero and one, is modified or warped responsive to a value obtained from the evaluation of a sigmoid function, the shape of which is determined by a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which is obtained by an evaluation of the signal energy and noise energy output from a microphone over time. The shape and aggressiveness of the sigmoid function is determined using an extrinsically-determined SNR, not determined by the MMSE determination.
A voice signal processing apparatus and a voice signal processing method are provided. A first sampling point of an mth original frequency-lowered signal frame phase-matched to the sampling point corresponding to a phase reference sampling point number is determined according to the phase reference sampling point number of an (m−1)th original frequency-lowered signal frame corresponding to a middle sampling point of an (m−1)th renovating frequency-lowered signal frame. The q consecutive sampling points starting from the first sampling point are used as the sampling points of an mth renovating frequency-lowered signal frame.
An objective of the present invention is to correct a temporal envelope shape of a decoded signal with a small information volume and to reduce perceptible distortions. An audio decoding device which decodes a coded audio signal and outputs an audio signal comprises: a coded series analysis unit that analyzes a coded series which contains the coded audio signal; an audio decoding unit that receives from the coded series analysis unit the coded series which contains the coded audio signal and decodes same, obtaining an audio signal; a temporal envelope shape establishment unit that receives information from the coded series analysis unit and/or the audio decoding unit, and, on the basis of the information, establishes a temporal envelope shape of the decoded audio signal; and a temporal envelope correction unit that, on the basis of the temporal envelope shape which is established with the temporal envelope shape establishment unit, corrects the temporal envelope shape of the decoded audio signal and outputs same.
An audio encoding method and an apparatus are provided. The method includes: determining sparseness of distribution, on spectrums, of energy of N input audio frames (101), where the N audio frames include a current audio frame, and N is a positive integer; and determining, according to the sparseness of distribution, on the spectrums, of the energy of the N audio frames, whether to use a first encoding method or a second encoding method to encode the current audio frame (102), where the first encoding method is an encoding method that is based on time-frequency transform and transform coefficient quantization and that is not based on linear prediction, and the second encoding method is a linear-predication-based encoding method. The method can reduce encoding complexity and ensure that encoding is of relatively high accuracy.
A method performed in an audio decoder for reconstructing an original audio signal having a lowband portion and a highband portion is disclosed. The method includes receiving an encoded audio signal and extracting reconstruction parameters from the encoded audio signal. The method further includes decoding the encoded audio signal with a core audio decoder to obtain a decoded lowband portion and regenerating the highband portion based at least in part on a cross over frequency and the decoded lowband portion to obtain a regenerated highband portion. The method also includes creating a synthetic sinusoid with a level based at least in part on a spectral envelope value for the particular subband and a noise floor value for the particular subband and adding the synthetic sinusoid to the regenerated highband portion in the particular frequency band specified by the location information. Finally, the method includes combining the lowband portion and the regenerated highband portion to obtain a full bandwidth audio signal.
The invention provides methods and devices for stereo encoding and decoding using complex prediction in the frequency domain. In one embodiment, a decoding method, for obtaining an output stereo signal from an input stereo signal encoded by complex prediction coding and comprising first frequency-domain representations of two input channels, comprises the upmixing steps of: (i) computing a second frequency-domain representation of a first input channel; and (ii) computing an output channel on the basis of the first and second frequency-domain representations of the first input channel, the first frequency-domain representation of the second input channel and a complex prediction coefficient. The method comprises applying independent band-width limits for the input channels.
A method for processing a digital signal, implemented during decoding of the signal, in order to replace a succession of samples lost during decoding, the method comprising steps of: generating a structure of a signal for replacing the lost succession, this structure comprising spectral components determined from valid samples received during decoding before the succession of lost samples; generating a residue between a digital signal available to the decoder, comprising received valid samples, and a signal generated from the spectral components; and extracting blocks from the residue, method in which window weighted blocks are injected into the structure using an overlap-add approach, the injected blocks partially overlapping in time.
Multiple natural language understanding (NLU) interpretation selection models may be generated. The NLU interpretation selection models may include a generic NLU interpretation selection model that is not specialized for a specific set of NLU interpretations type and one or more specialized NLU interpretation selection models, each of which may be specific to a particular set of NLU interpretations type. The specialized NLU interpretation selection model(s) may be utilized to process natural language input data comprising data corresponding to their respective sets of NLU interpretations type(s). The generic NLU interpretation selection model may be utilized to process natural language input data comprising data that does not correspond to the sets of NLU interpretations type(s) associated with the specialized NLU interpretation selection model(s).
At least one spoken utterance and a stored vehicle acoustic impulse response can be provided to a computing device. The computing device is programmed to provide at least one speech file based at least in part on the spoken utterance and the vehicle acoustic impulse response.
According to some aspects, a method of classifying speech recognition results is provided, using a neural network comprising a plurality of interconnected network units, each network unit having one or more weight values, the method comprising using at least one computer, performing acts of providing a first vector as input to a first network layer comprising one or more network units of the neural network, transforming, by a first network unit of the one or more network units, the input vector to produce a plurality of values, the transformation being based at least in part on a plurality of weight values of the first network unit, sorting the plurality of values to produce a sorted plurality of values, and providing the sorted plurality of values as input to a second network layer of the neural network.
A computer system for language modeling may collect training data from one or more information sources, generate a spoken corpus containing text of transcribed speech, and generate a typed corpus containing typed text. The computer system may derive feature vectors from the spoken corpus, analyze the typed corpus to determine feature vectors representing items of typed text, and generate an unspeakable corpus by filtering the typed corpus to remove each item of typed text represented by a feature vector that is within a similarity threshold of a feature vector derived from the spoken corpus. The computer system may derive feature vectors from the unspeakable corpus and train a classifier to perform discriminative data selection for language modeling based on the feature vectors derived from the spoken corpus and the feature vectors derived from the unspeakable corpus.
In one embodiment, a pickup system includes a wind detector and a wind suppressor. The wind detector has a plurality of analyzers each configured to analyze first and second input signals, and a combiner configured to combine outputs of the plurality of analyzers and issue, based on the combined outputs, a wind level indication signal indicative of wind activity. The analyzers can be selected from a group of analyzers including a spectral slope analyzer, a ratio analyzer, a coherence analyzer, a phase variance analyzer and the like. The wind suppressor has a ratio calculator configured to generate a ratio of the first and second input signals, and a mixer configured to select one of the first or second input signals and to apply to the selected input signal one of first or second panning coefficients based on the wind level indication signal and on the ratio.
An acceleration sound generation device for a vehicle using at least one of an acceleration operation of the vehicle, an acceleration force generated by the acceleration operation, and an acceleration state obtained by the acceleration force as a control parameter. The acceleration sound generation device includes a sound generation unit and an acceleration sound delay unit. The sound generation unit generates an acceleration sound in a vehicle passenger compartment in response to an acceleration sound signal that is generated based on the control parameter. The acceleration sound delay unit delays output of the acceleration sound by the sound generation unit such that the acceleration sound changes and is delayed with respect to a change in the control parameter. The acceleration sound delay unit sets a delay degree of the acceleration sound at a rising time of the control parameter separately from at a falling time of the control parameter.
A method for generating music is provided, the method comprising receiving, on a capacitive touch sensitive interface such as a keyboard, multi-finger gesture inputs having a first component and a second component, wherein the second component has a temporal evolution such as speed; determining the onset of an audio signal, such as a tone, based on the first component, analyzing the temporal evolution of the second component to determine MIDI or Open Sound Control OSC instructions; modifying the audio signal based on the instructions, in particular by decoupling the temporal relationship between specific gesture inputs (e.g. at key onset, during a note and upon key release), thus mapping gesture and motion inputs, to thus obtain previously unachievable musical effects with music synthesizers.
Notwithstanding practical limitations imposed by mobile device platforms and applications, truly captivating musical instruments may be synthesized in ways that allow musically expressive performances to be captured and rendered in real-time. Synthetic musical instruments that provide a game, grading or instructional mode are described in which one or more qualities of a user's performance are assessed relative to a musical score. By providing a range of modes (from score-assisted to fully user-expressive), user interactions with synthetic musical instruments are made more engaging and tend to capture user interest over generally longer periods of time. Synthetic musical instruments are described in which force dynamics of user gestures (such as finger contact forces applied to a multi-touch sensitive display or surface and/or the temporal extent and applied pressure of sustained contact thereon) are captured and drive the digital synthesis in ways that enhance expressiveness of user performances.
A musical instrument accessory with a capo carrying an adjustable connector in turn carrying a screen receiving fixture. When the capo is clamped to the neck of a guitar at a first position, the screen receiving fixture may be arranged and oriented for convenient viewing of a screen carried therein by the guitar musician. When moved to second position, viewing the screen necessitates re-orientation of the screen receiving fixture to accommodate geometry of the second position, which re-orientation is conveniently carried out by re-orientation of the adjustable connector.
A map display method display a plurality of drawing pictures. The device and the method facilitate comprehension of relevance between drawing objects included in the drawing pictures. The map display device includes an input/display unit receiving user operation input related to drawing picture display and displays a first drawing object related to map information in a first drawing picture and a second drawing object related to map relevant information in a second drawing picture; and a controller controlling an overlapping state between the first drawing picture and the second drawing picture in accordance with input of user operation received by the input/display unit and outputs, to the input/display unit, a picture in which one of the first and second drawing objects masks the other one in a portion where the first and second drawing pictures are overlapped with each other.
A commercial product configured to detect operation to the commercial product and to transmit the detected result, and a digital signage including a signage board configured to output visual content, a content storing unit which stores visual content corresponding to each of a plurality of kinds of operation of the commercial product, a communication unit configured to receive a result of detection from a transmission unit of a detection apparatus, a CPU configured to read corresponding visual content from the storing unit based on the received result of the detection and to make the signage board output the read visual content are included.
A communication device includes: an inputter that inputs a USB (Universal Serial Bus) signal from an input device; an acquirer that acquires an EDID (Extended Display Identification Data) signal from a monitor; an instructor that gives an instruction to output the EDID signal to another communication device; a switch that selectively switches a first route for outputting the acquired EDID signal to the another communication device and a second route for outputting the inputted USB signal to the another communication device; and a controller that controls the switch so as to switch from the second route to the first route in accordance with the instruction from the instructor.
The present application provides a method and display apparatus for improving uniformity of displayed image, The method comprises inputting a first image signal to a display apparatus; compensating the first image signal in accordance with an image compensation data to obtain a third image signal, wherein the image compensation data is an amount of shift in a voltage of a common electrode of an array substrate of the display apparatus determined in accordance with a difference value between a grey level information of the first image signal and the grey level information of an original second image signal corresponding to the first image signal; and displaying the third image signal. Through the method above, the present invention effectively improves the uniformity of the displayed image without decreasing the displayed brightness of the image.
It is an object to provide a display device which can favorably display a image without delayed or distorted signals. The display device includes a first gate driver and a second gate driver. The first gate driver and the second gate driver each include a plurality of flip flop circuits and a plurality of transfer signal generation circuits. Both the flip flop circuit and the transfer signal generation circuit are circuits which output a signal inputted to a first input terminal with a half clock cycle delay. In addition, an output terminal of the transfer signal generation circuit is directly connected to a first input terminal of the flip flop circuit in the next stage. Therefore, delay and distortion of the signal which is inputted from the transfer signal generation circuit to the flip flop circuit can be reduced.
An image display apparatus includes a light-emitting unit, a display unit configured to modulate light from the light-emitting unit, a light-emission control unit configured to control light emission of the light-emitting unit, a display control unit configured to execute display processing for displaying images for calibration in order, an acquiring unit configured to acquire a measurement value of light emitted from a region, of a screen, where the image for calibration is displayed, and a calibrating unit configured to execute a calibration on the basis of measurement values of the images, wherein when a light emission state of the light-emitting unit changes during the execution of the display processing, the display control unit executes the display processing again.
The present invention is directed to a color display device in which each pixel can display at least six high-quality color states, and an electrophoretic fluid for such an electrophoretic display. The different types of particles exhibit different levels of attraction force to display different color states.
An organic light emitting display device including a display panel including a first pixel connected with a first data line and first and second scan lines, a second pixel connected with a second data line and the first and second scan lines, and a reference line connected in common with the first and second pixels; a source driver configured to operate first and second sensing modes for sensing driving characteristic values of the first and second pixels through the reference line; and a scan driver configured to drive the first and second scan lines so as to drive only the first pixel for the first sensing mode or only the second pixel for the second sensing mode.
A pixel array includes a plurality of pixels. Each pixel has a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a pair of third sub-pixels. The first sub-pixel of each pixel and the first sub-pixels of three adjacent pixels are arranged in a two by two array, the second sub-pixel of each pixel and the second sub-pixels of three adjacent pixels are arranged in a two by two array, and one of each of the third sub-pixels of each pixel and one of the third sub-pixels of three adjacent pixels are arranged in a two by two array. A scan line is connected to a switch unit of each of the sub-pixels in a pixel.
Display devices and methods for making and driving the display devices. In one example, a device for display includes an array of pixels for display. Each of the pixels includes a first light emitting element and a second light emitting element. The first light emitting element is formed on a substrate. The second light emitting element is formed on the first light emitting element. The first and second light emitting elements share a same electrode.
Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for displaying a service screen in an electronic device. The method includes: displaying a first service screen included in a first window on a display module; generating a second window including a second service screen; and displaying a service screen included in one of a plurality of windows corresponding to a viewing angle of a user with respect to the electronic device on the display module.
An electronic sign having at least one sectional sign assembly, the at least one sectional sign assembly having a signage support structure and an associated compound structural frame, wherein the compound structural frame has a unitary structural foam construction with a plurality of display module receiving bays, each configured for removably latching therein a plurality of display modules, the signage support structure and the associated compound structural frame cooperating when secured together to form a natural airflow cooling path extending from the top to the bottom of sectional sign assembly to provide sufficient cooling to the plurality of display modules when removably mounted within their display module receiving bays.
A method for harmonizing colors of an original image is disclosed. The method comprises: computing a saliency map of the original image, for each of a plurality of color harmonic schemes: determining a temporary harmonized image from the original image according to the current color harmonic scheme, computing a saliency map of the temporary harmonized image, comparing the saliency map of the original image and the saliency map of the temporary harmonized image, in order to obtain a saliency comparison result, computing a corrected color comparison result from colors of the original image, colors of the current color harmonic scheme and the saliency comparison result, selecting, as the harmonized image, the temporary harmonized image obtained with the color harmonic scheme minimizing the corrected color comparison result.
A hairdressing training headform has features simulating a face and neck of a human. A flexible scalp with hair has a peripheral lip. A vertex is configured to simulate an upper portion of a human skull and has a periphery with which the peripheral lip of the scalp engages when the flexible scalp is placed over the vertex. A releasable locking means remote from the vertex periphery biases the vertex toward the headform such that the peripheral lip of the scalp is sandwiched between the vertex periphery and the headform.
Provided are an automatic driving control system and an automatic driving control method that are capable of clearing away suspicion of a foul by exchanging a “hand” for determining priority of passage by a fair method that allows no foul when automatically driven vehicles face each other on a road. When the automatically driven vehicles face each other on the road, the “hand” for determining the priority of passage is exchanged by performing transmission/reception two times by use of a composite number of prime numbers each having a large number of digits.
A parking management system and methods of operation are disclosed. In one variation, a computer-implemented method comprises receiving positional data concerning a listing location from a listing client device; establishing a radius boundary based on the positional data; filtering one or more databases using the radius boundary to determine an amount of parking spaces listed and the amount of parking spaces reserved within a preset time period; calculating a location-specific transaction rate using the amount of parking spaces listed, the amount of parking spaces reserved, and the preset time period; determining a recommended listing price based on the location-specific transaction rate; and transmitting the recommended listing price to the listing client device.
A method comprising determining speed-time cluster application histogram data set for a link segment that comprises a plurality of speed-time cluster application histogram data elements, each speed-time cluster application histogram data element identifying a speed-time cluster and an applicable duration of the speed-time cluster for the link segment throughout a histogram duration, for each speed-time cluster application histogram data element, determining a free-flow speed that is representative of a non-congestion speed indicated by the speed-time cluster, determining a historically normalized free-flow speed for the link segment that is a weighted average of the free-flow speed determined for each speed-time cluster application histogram data element weighted by the applicable duration of the speed-time cluster application histogram data element, and identifying a transit speed of the link segment as being the historically normalized free-flow speed is disclosed.
Systems and methods for using multi-criteria state machines to manage alarming states and pre-alarming states of a hazard detection system are described herein. The multi-criteria state machines can include one or more sensor state machines that can control the alarming states and one or more system state machines that can control the pre-alarming states. Each state machine can transition among any one of its states based on sensor data values, hush events, and transition conditions. The transition conditions can define how a state machine transitions from one state to another. The hazard detection system can use a dual processor arrangement to execute the multi-criteria state machines according to various embodiments. The dual processor arrangement can enable the hazard detection system to manage the alarming and pre-alarming states in a manner that promotes minimal power usage while simultaneously promoting reliability in hazard detection and alarming functionality.
A method and apparatus include a processor of an Internet router monitoring a parameter of messages between a security panel that protects a secured area and a central monitoring station of the secured area, detecting an interruption in the messages by comparing the parameter with a threshold value, and notifying at least the central monitoring station of the interruption via an e-mail or SMS message, wherein the interruption includes one of disconnection of the security panel, disconnection of the central monitoring station, and impersonation of the central monitoring station.
A system and application to alert parents or guardians to the solitary status of a dependent accidentally left within the confines of a vehicle is described. The system alerts individuals in the event that a dependent such as a child is left behind via the use of sensors configured to detect the presence of the dependent, and determine if he or she is alone. Upon recognizing that the dependent has been left alone, an alert is sent to the parent or guardian's wirelessly connected key fob and/or mobile device via a proprietary mobile application. Simultaneously, the system employs an active display sticker, configured to calm or entertain the dependent left within the vehicle until the alerted parent or guardian returns.
The invention relates to an assistance terminal (5, 6a, 6b) including a housing (5) and at least one terminal (6a, 6b) for remotely monitoring a person (1) connected to a medical assistance and/or monitoring device (3). According to the invention, the housing (5) comprises: reception means (8) for receiving a signal from the medical device (3); conditioning means (9) for conditioning the signal received by the reception means (8) of the housing (5); storage means (10) for, in a learning phase prior to a phase of use of the terminal (5, 6a, 6b), storing a range of signals which are sent by the medical device (3), and which are received by the reception means (8) of the housing (5) and which are conditioned by the conditioning means (9); comparison means (11) for, during the phase of use of the terminal (5, 6a, 6b), comparing a signal sent by the medical device (3), received by the reception means (8) and conditioned by the conditioning means (9), with the signals previously stored; transmission means (12) for, during the phase of use, transmitting the signal, if the latter corresponds to a signal previously stored, to the remote terminal (6a, 6b); the terminal (6a, 6b) comprising means for playing back the signal to at least one person to notify him or her of the sending of said signal by the device.
Individual agricultural assets at a remote location are each equipped with at least one condition sensor in communication with a location-based controlling transceiver, which in turn communicates with a central monitoring system. The transceiver will monitor data received from the condition sensors and in accordance with predetermined notification parameters will send a signal to the central monitoring system only when a notification condition, for example an elevated temperature reading in the instance of a grain bin, is detected. By only communicating when a transmission bandwidth requirements between the transceiver and the central monitoring system are minimized. Further transmission bandwidth reduction can be achieved by limiting the notification condition parameters limiting transceiver packet. Various conditions including temperature, gas levels or presence, volume or other conditions of various types of assets could be monitored remotely in this way.
The present invention provides methods and systems for a modular alert system that includes at least two modules having a top portion and a bottom portion. The modules provide an alarm for one or more monitored conditions, and the bottom portion and the top portion of one module contains mating features. A mounting plate that has a top portion and a bottom portion contains mounting features, and the mounting features of the bottom portion correspond to the mounting features of the top portion of one module for forming a selectively secured arrangement. The system may also include at least one speaker housed within the module, and a smoke detector.
A control system includes a control module (34), a control device (20) mounted to a door (12) and controllable by the control module (34), and a manager mobile device (54) operable to connect with the control module (34) to obtain management authority to access to the door (12). The control device (20) includes a latch (24) for retaining the door (12) in a closed position. A vibration detecting unit (66) is mounted to the door (12) or the control device (20) and is electrically connected to the control module (34). When the vibration detecting unit (66) detects vibrations of the door (12) or the control device (20), the manager mobile device (54) is activated, and the image of the outside of the door (12) is transmitted to the manager mobile device (54), such that the manager can immediately know the situation outside the door (12).
A baggage identification and location system is provided with a plurality of baggage tags, a software application, a data center and a plurality of scanners communicably coupled to receive, store, track and maintain the location of the baggage tags ensuing the baggage tags being secured to a piece of luggage. The baggage tags include a first wireless communications module and a second wireless communications module and re further configured with transceivers so as to provide alternate techniques of transmitting location data. Additionally, a GPS module is disposed within the baggage tags. The scanners are deployed along a luggage travel path within an airport and are configured with a communications module that is communicably coupled to the baggage tags. The data center is configured to maintain accounts for users and is further configured to maintain the travel history of each baggage tag registered therewith.
A medical device system includes one or more anti-loss/anti-theft mechanisms. The medical device system comprises a wireless medical device and a docking station. An alarm is activated on one or more of the wireless medical device or the docking station when an alarm threshold is detected by one of the anti-loss/anti-theft mechanisms.
Methods and systems, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for providing an indication of a direction a person passes through a door in a property, the method including receiving, at a sensing device and from a control panel of an alarm system in a property, instructions to provide an indication of a direction a person passes through a door in the property; obtaining motion data using a motion sensor that is included in the sensing device; detecting the opening of the door using a magnetometer included in the sensing device; based on the obtained motion data and detected opening of the door, determining a direction a person passed through the door; and providing, to the control panel, an indication of the direction the person passed through the door.
Disclosed is a haptic controller that includes a base, a control member, a control support that is adapted to enable a variable force to be applied at one or more points, and a connection member that connects the control member to the base. The controller features two parallel-axis pivots that connect the connection member to the base and to the control member. The controller also includes damper elements that are arranged respectively between the base and the connection member, and between the connection member and the control member. The damper elements damp the pivoting of the connection member and of the control member when a force is applied to the control support.
A doorbell system and a doorbell control device are provided. The doorbell system includes a doorbell control device, a transformer, a doorbell interface device, and a chime device. The doorbell control device has a first pin, a second pin, a third pin, and a fourth pin. The doorbell control device is configured to control a conducting state between the first pin and the third pin according to a current or a voltage of the second pin. The first pin is coupled to the second pin. The transformer outputs an AC voltage to the first pin and the fourth pin of the doorbell control device. The doorbell interface device is coupled to the second pin and the fourth pin of the doorbell control device. The chime device is coupled to the third pin and the fourth pin of the doorbell control device.
Example methods and devices are set forth for playing a game. In some embodiments, an inventory of game indicia is arranged in a random but established, serial order. In some embodiments, for each hand of play the player makes a wager and game indicia are displayed in order from the inventory to define a winning or losing outcome. In some embodiments, a display, as hands are played, displays the remaining constituency of the inventory and the player, before any game, can order re-shuffling and re-constitute of the inventory. Other embodiments are described.
A wagering game system and its operations are described herein. In some examples, the operations can include receiving a video feed of a casino wagering game presented live via a first device. The video feed depicts at least one first symbol from a set of wagering game symbols used for outcomes of the casino wagering game. The operations can further include, after receiving the video feed, compositing a computer-generated image with the video feed to generate a composited video feed. The image represents at least one second symbol from the set of wagering game symbols. The operations can further include providing the composited video feed for presentation of the casino wagering game via a second device separate from the first device.
A hand sanitizer dispenser dispenses two types of hand sanitizer product. The dispenser comprises a first compartment to store single-use hand sanitizer product and a second compartment to store packaged hand sanitizer product. For example, packaged hand sanitizer product can be sold using embodiments of this dispenser to offset the costs of providing single-use hand sanitizer product as a courtesy.
A smart key system to prevent theft of a vehicle by a relay attack while securing communication performance under a noisy environment, includes an in-vehicle device that measures noise in a radio wave band of a response signal to be wirelessly transmitted by a mobile device; sets a transmission strength of the response signal greater while the noise becomes greater, within a predetermined strength; wirelessly transmits a request signal including a command about the transmission strength into a predetermined area; receives the response signal; and authenticates the mobile device, by first information preregistered for the mobile device, and second information included in the response signal. The mobile device receives the request signal; sets the transmission strength of the response signal, based on the command in the request signal; and wirelessly transmits the response signal including the second information by the set transmission strength when receiving the request signal.
A method and apparatus for hand-free opening and/or closing of a vehicle door. The method includes the steps of detecting when an authorized person is in the vicinity of a vehicle door, opening that vehicle door after the authorized person has been in the vicinity of the vehicle door for a least a first time interval, the opening being performed automatically and without action by the authorized person, and providing a perceptible warning of impending opening of the vehicle door, the warning being provided after the authorized person has been detected in the vicinity of the vehicle door and before the vehicle door is opened. An analogous door closing process is performed when the authorized person leaves the vicinity of the vehicle door.
A hybrid security access device is described herein that combines Radio Frequency Identification RFID technology with a new Touch Access technology that utilizes the body for near field emitter communications. Combining these technologies results in security access tags that can remain in or about a person such as in a wallet, briefcase, purse, etc. and be activated by just touching a touch access equipped RFID reader. The need to extract and hand present an access tag close to a reader as required by RFID technology is eliminated. Efficiency, security compliance, card loss due to handling and convenience is the result of the combination of these two technologies and is the basis of this patent application.
A driver history report may include many factors to express performance or quality of driver service. Vehicle event recorders are coupled to systems which form an association between collected data and the vehicle operator in command of the vehicle at the event moment. Systems provide means for long-term storage of data particularly data in a structure which preserves the association between a driver and event records attributed to him. Special recall operations executed against stored data yields operator performance reporting—including a single value performance score indicative of a vehicle operator's performance and safety history. An analyzer system operates to recall data, particularly data from a plurality of events all associated with a single operator but recorded over an extended period of time. Data is arranged such that mathematical analysis may be applied independently to various data elements or data “fields” to produce performance metrics and ratios which reflect performance.
Disclosed are computer-readable devices, systems and methods for generating a model of a clothed body. The method includes generating a model of an unclothed human body, the model capturing a shape or a pose of the unclothed human body, determining two-dimensional contours associated with the model, and computing deformations by aligning a contour of a clothed human body with a contour of the unclothed human body. Based on the two-dimensional contours and the deformations, the method includes generating a first two-dimensional model of the unclothed human body, the first two-dimensional model factoring the deformations of the unclothed human body into one or more of a shape variation component, a viewpoint change, and a pose variation and learning an eigen-clothing model using principal component analysis applied to the deformations, wherein the eigen-clothing model classifies different types of clothing, to yield a second two-dimensional model of a clothed human body.
Embodiments are generally directed to determination of mobile display position and orientation using micropower impulse radar. An embodiment of an apparatus includes a display to present images; radar components to generate radar signal pulses and to generate distance data based on received return signals; radar antennae to transmit the radar signal pulses and to receive the return signals; and a processor to process signals and data, wherein the processor is to: process the return signals received by the radar antennae to determine a position and orientation of the display with respect to real objects in an environment and to determine a position of a vantage point of a user of the apparatus, and generate an augmented image including rendering a virtual object and superimposing the virtual object on an image including one or more real objects, the rendering of the virtual image being based at least in part on the determined position and orientation of the display and the determined vantage point of the user of the apparatus.
A computing device simulates a process of processing an object. The computing device calculates a moving space when a minimum bounding box of a model of a blade moves from a position point to an obtained path point. The computing device cuts a triangulated model of the object when the triangulated model of the object intersects the moving space.
A generator of an image processing apparatus may generate a light transport map (LTM) by sampling depth information from a light to an object based on a transparency of the object, wherein the LTM may be used to compute a visibility of the light with respect to a first point to be rendered.
A three-dimensional region of interest (ROI) is established with a high degree of accuracy, by a simple method without increasing a burden on the operator, in generating a three-dimensional projected image from medical volume data according to rendering, achieving more efficient interpretation of three-dimensional image and streamlining of diagnostic flow, with the use of the diagnostic image generation apparatus. An energy map is generated on a predetermined tomographic plane, assuming a preset start point as a reference and searching for a path that minimizes the energy, and then the path is set as a boundary of the three-dimensional ROI. The start point may be decided on the basis of the boundary inputted by a user, or the user may set the start point. The user may be allowed to adjust the boundary having been set. The boundary may also be determined on another plane orthogonal to the predetermined tomographic plane.
A new hardware architecture defines an indexing and encoding method for accelerating incoherent ray traversal. Accelerating multiple ray traversal may be accomplished by organizing the rays for minimal movement of data, hiding latency due to external memory access, and performing adaptive binning. Rays may be binned into coarse grain and fine grain spatial bins, independent of direction.
A hybrid rendering method includes subdividing a two-dimensional (2D) frame into virtual tiles (hereinafter, referred to as ‘tiles’); classifying the tiles into first tiles which include an object having reflective or transparent properties and second tiles which do not include the object having reflective or transparent properties; storing geometric information of a primitive in the first tiles in a graphics processing unit (GPU) internal memory; and generating a first image by rendering one or more of the first tiles via ray tracing using the geometric information, generating a second image by rendering one or more of the second tiles via rasterization, and outputting a final image by merging the first and second images.
Examples disclosed herein relate to a three-dimensional object to be displayed on a browser. Examples include to acquire, from a remote system, a three-dimensional object to be displayed in a browser of a computing device. The computing device to display an active region edit interface on the browser. The computing device to acquire an edit request for an active region of the three-dimensional object in the active region edit interface. The computing device to provide, to the remote system, the edit request for the active region of the three-dimensional object. The computing device to acquire, from the remote system, an edited three-dimensional active region corresponding to the edit request for the active region. The computing device to display the edited three-dimensional active region as part of the three-dimensional object on the browser.
A computing system (116) includes a reconstruction processor (114) configured to execute computer readable instructions, which cause the reconstruction processor to: receive, in electronic format, non-spectral projection data, reconstruct the non-spectral projection data to generate a non-spectral image, retrieve a non-spectral to spectral voxel value map for a basis material of interest from a set of non-spectral to spectral voxel value maps, generate a spectral iterative reconstruction start image based on the non-spectral image and the non-spectral to spectral voxel value map, and reconstruct a spectral image, in electronic format, for the material basis of interest from the non-spectral projection data with a spectral iterative reconstruction algorithm and the spectral iterative reconstruction start image.
An automatic method of setting a desktop background is provided. The automatic method of setting a desktop background is applied to an electronic device which is combined with a protective cover, wherein the protective cover has a conducting area corresponding to a specific shape, location or area. The method includes the following steps of receiving protective cover information generated by a touch screen of the electronic device touching the conducting area of the protective cover; determining whether the protective cover information is in accordance with one of a plurality of preset protective cover information; and setting desktop background displayed by the touch screen according the preset protective cover information when the protective cover information is in accordance with one of the plurality of preset protective cover information.
A method determines dimensions in a scene by first acquiring a depth image of the scene acquired by a sensor, and extracting planes from the depth image. Topological relationships of the planes are determined. The dimensions are determined based on the planes and the topological relationships. A quality of the dimensions is evaluated using a scene type, and if the quality is sufficient outputting the dimensions, and otherwise outputting a guidance to reposition the sensor.
An information notification apparatus (1) includes: an image acquisition unit (42) that acquires a plurality of moving images in which motions of subjects are captured, respectively; a first detection unit (44) that detects a specific state in the motions of the subject from respective moving images among the plurality of moving images acquired by the acquisition unit; a face detection unit (45) that detects an image corresponding to the specific state detected by the first detection unit from the respective moving images; a comparison unit (47) that compares images detected by the image detection unit; and a notification control unit (50) that notifies information based on a comparison result by the comparison unit.
A motion information processing apparatus according to an embodiment includes an obtaining unit, a designating operation receiving unit, an analyzing unit, and a display controlling unit. The obtaining unit obtains motion information of a subject who performs a predetermined motion. The designating operation receiving unit receives an operation to designate a site of the subject. The analyzing unit calculates an analysis value related to a movement of the designated site by analyzing the motion information. The display controlling unit displays display information based on the analysis value related to the movement of the designated site.
The disclosure provides an approach for approximating a fully calculated image sequence from a subset of calculated image data. In one configuration, a rendering application calculates, for each image in the image sequence, a subset of pixels including pixels previously occluded by object(s) in preceding images and pixels whose ages have exceeded a threshold value. The rendering application then approximates the remaining non-calculated image data by interpolating the image data that has been calculated and merges the calculated and approximated image data to obtain the final image sequence. In a particular configuration, entire images may be recalculated at regular intervals to prevent excessive image quality degradation. In another configuration, the recalculation of pixel data may be offset by randomly initializing pixel age values. In yet another configuration, a combination of recalculating entire images and refreshing pixels at offset intervals may be used.
According to an embodiment, a method for generating a 3-D stereo structure comprises registering and rectifying a first image frame and a second image frame by local correction matching, extracting a first scan line from the first image frame, extracting a second scan line from the second image frame corresponding to the first scan line, calculating a pixel distance between the first scan line and the second scan line for each pixel for a plurality of pixel shifts, calculating a smoothed pixel distance for each pixel for the pixel shifts by filtering the pixel distance for each pixel over the pixel shifts, and determining a scaled height for each pixel of the first scan line, the scaled height comprising a pixel shift from among the pixel shifts corresponding to a minimal distance of the smoothed pixel distance for the pixel.
A method performed by an electronic device is described. The method includes performing vertical processing of a depth map to determine a vertical non-obstacle estimation. The method also includes performing horizontal processing of the depth map to determine a horizontal non-obstacle estimation. The method further includes combining the vertical non-obstacle estimation and the horizontal non-obstacle estimation. The method additionally includes generating a non-obstacle map based on the combination of the vertical and horizontal non-obstacle estimations.
The present disclosure discloses a video processing method and apparatus, which belong to the field of data processing technologies. The method includes: acquiring at least one three-dimensional image, and obtaining a to-be-processed video; parsing the to-be-processed video, to obtain at least two video images; fusing each three-dimensional image with each video image separately, to obtain fused video images; and synthesizing the fused video images into a video, to obtain a processed video. The present disclosure separately fuses each acquired three-dimensional image with each video image obtained by parsing an acquired to-be-processed video, and synthesizes fused video images into a video, to obtain a processed video, which implements adding a three-dimensional image to a video, and enables a processed video to display a three-dimensional image, thereby expanding an application range of video processing, and enriching display effects of the processed video.
The invention relates to a support apparatus (1) for supporting a user in a diagnosis process, especially for assisting a physician in staging prostate cancer. A segmentation unit (3) determines three-dimensional segments of an anatomical object like a prostate based on a three-dimensional image being preferentially a magnetic resonance image, wherein the segments comprise anatomical segment boundaries and non-anatomical segment boundaries. A visualization generating unit (4) generates a visualization of the segments in the image, a graphical user interface providing unit (5) provides a graphical user interface allowing the user to assign scores to the determined three-dimensional segments, and a display (9) displays the visualization and the graphical user interface. Thus, an automatic delineation of segments may be provided to which a user like a physician can assign scores, wherein based on the scores assigned to the segments a diagnosis can be performed, in particular, prostate cancer can be staged.
Methods and systems for assessing lung function using volumetric images obtained at inspiration and expiration. The method may include processing the first and second set of images to identify known anatomical structures of the lungs, registering the first set of images to the second set of images to match voxels of the first set of images to voxels of the second set of images as matched pairs of inspiratory and expiratory voxels, calculating a continuous probability of a lung characteristic at a location of the matched pairs of voxels, and displaying the result on a display. The method may also include classifying lung tissue at each location as normal, having air trapping without emphysema, or being emphysematous.
The present invention provides an apparatus for highly accurate and real-time photoelectric glass substrate identification. The apparatus includes: a laser device for emitting a laser beam; a glass substrate that has a first surface and a second surface and is configured to receive the laser beam to generate a first laser beam point and a second laser beam point; and, a charged coupled device (CCD) camera inspecting equipment. The first laser beam point has a first point area, and the second laser beam point has a second point area. Once the first point area is moved for a glass distance number and is aligned with the second point area, the CCD camera inspecting equipment can obtain a thickness value of the glass substrate with a resolution value and the glass distance number. In addition, the present invention also provides a method for highly accurate and real-time photoelectric glass substrate identification.
An image processing part includes an edge enhancing part, an artifact detecting part and a compensating part. The edge enhancing part emphasizes an edge portion of an object in input image data. The artifact detecting part detects a corner outlier artifact at an area adjacent to the edge portion of the object. The compensating part compensates the corner outlier artifact. Accordingly, the edge portion of the object may be enhanced and the corner outlier artifact is decreased so that the display quality may be improved.
An image processing apparatus generates, from the captured image, a plurality of images, which respectively corresponds to ranges of individual subject distances. The apparatus then applies image processing to at least one of the images in accordance with an instruction to change the shooting distance and field angle of the captured image, and generates a combined image that corresponds to the changed shooting distance and field angle. The image processing is applied to at least one of the images such that the size of a primary image in the combined image after changing the shooting distance and the field angle does not change.
An information processing method for causing a computer to process an image, wherein the image processing method causes the computer to execute an acquisition step of acquiring the image, a first production step of producing an editing image for editing at least a portion of the image and a first changing image for changing the editing image to be output, an editing step of editing the image on the produced editing image, a second production step of producing a second changing image based on an image edited at the editing step, and an output step of outputting an output image that has at least the editing image and the second changing image.
A rendering method is provided. The method includes: initializing a surface flinger to establish at least two buffer memories; confirming correspondence between all visible surfaces and the at least two buffer memories, rendering all of the visible surfaces to the corresponding buffer memories according to the correspondence, and combining all of the buffer memories to output a result for display; determining whether a change occurs in the visible surfaces; when the change occurs in the visible surfaces, identifying the buffer memory where the visible surface with the change is located; rendering again the visible surfaces that need to be rendered in the identified buffer memory, and combining the buffer memory that is rendered again with the buffer memory that is not rendered again to output a result for display.
A server for facilitating an electronic health record system. Each patient has a unique smart card. A processor: associates a security token with a patient; generates a one-time-use security code for storage based upon a security token; provides the one-time-use security code to the patient for storage on the smart card; applies two-factor authentication with the one-time-use security code for each login to a personal health record website presented by the processor; imports and exports the electronic health records associated with the patient based upon a request from the patient received through the personal health record website; generates a new one-time-use security code after each patient session based upon the respective security token; and provides the new one-time-use security code to the patient for storage on the smart card so that the personal health record website is accessed therewith.
Disclosed herein are systems and methods for organizing user events. A non-limiting example embodiment of a disclosed system comprises a creation component, a generation component, a ranking component, a permission component, and a notification component. In an aspect, a creation component creates a set of user profiles based on a set of user inputs, wherein the set of user inputs are received at a user interface. In another aspect, disclosed is a generation component that generates a group event comprising a subset of candidate user profiles of the set of user profiles based on a set of grouping criteria.
The present disclosure generally relates to systems and methods for automatically updating data representative of insurance related information. In particular, the present disclosure relates to systems and methods for automatically updating data representative of insurance related information based on data, representative of desired updates, entered by a customer and data representative of update rules. The data representative of desired updates may be compared to the data representative of the update rules to generate updates to data representative of insurance related information.
A system mitigates the effects of a market spike caused by the triggering and the election of a conditional order in an automated matching system. The system includes evaluation logic, delay logic, pricing logic and timing logic. The evaluation logic monitors conditional orders submitted to a trading engine and is configured to compare a price of an order to a first predefined price range. The delay logic delays matching of the orders submitted to the trading engine when the price of the orders lie outside of the first predefined price range. The pricing logic derives an opening price to be used by the trading engine. The timing logic measures a time interval used to delay a matching of the orders until the opening price is within a predefined price range up to a maximum delay time set by a control center. A method of mitigating the effect of a market spike caused by the triggering and the election of a conditional order includes monitoring conditional orders submitted to the trading engine. The method compares the price of a conditional order to a first predefined price range and delays the matching of orders submitted to the trading engine when the price of the conditional order lies outside of the first predetermined price range. The method derives an opening price to be used by the trading engine; and measures a time interval used to delay the matching of the orders until the opening price is within a predefined price range up to a maximum delay time set by a control center.
Embodiments of the invention are directed to a computer-implemented interactive virtual banking system and method for connecting a user environment with a banking environment for facilitating banking transactions. The system may include a computer memory storing a plurality of banking application programs and an interactive virtual environment generator for generating an interactive virtual banking environment, the environment including visual and audio components. The system may additionally include a user input sensing mechanism for accepting and interpreting user voice input received in the interactive virtual banking environment and computer processing components for accessing the stored banking application programs and executing the stored banking programs within the generated interactive virtual banking environment enabling the user to perform banking tasks through voice input to the interactive virtual banking environment.
Features are directed to detecting a loss of message synchronization and/or messages e.g., between a trader system and an exchange system. Synchronization loss may be due to a connection being terminated for a period of time, a lost connection, etc., while a trading session is being maintained with the exchange system. Loss of message synchronization may relate to messages or other communication over a shared high speed low latency path within the exchange that is used for communicating transaction messages, e.g., order messages to be processed. To avoid introducing delays into communication with other traders who's transaction messages share the same high speed communications path within the exchange as the trader system with which message synchronization is lost, message gap fill to restore message synchronization with a trader system that lost synchronization is performed via a different communications path than the shared communications path used for communicating new transaction messages.
A personalization enhancement method and system. The method includes retrieving and analyzing digital content associated with a user. Characteristics describing the digital content are tagged and transferred to a profile of said the user. The profile includes additional characteristics generated during previous analysis of data from the digital content and additional digital content associated with the user. User information associated with products, a location, and a time profile is assigned. The profile is analyzed based on selection and interaction of the user with respect to a consumer Website. The profile includes the characteristics and the additional characteristics with respect to products and services of the consumer Website. A presentation color setting and a group of products and services of are determined for presentation to the user. The group of products and services are presented to the user using the presentation color setting.
A method for providing a search service of a display apparatus includes receiving a selection of an object by displaying a screen that displays at least one object, and providing location information adaptive to the user terminal to the user terminal using all location information of the searched object and information regarding a user location. Accordingly, a user may conveniently search a desired object.
The present invention is a method, system and computer prod act operable to receive one or more images and/or video and to utilize such images/video to generate an analysis that is the basis tor recommendations for products and/or treatments provided to a user. The invention generates statistical analysis particular to person shown in the images/video. The statistical information may be displayed to a user. This statistical analysis may be utilized by the invention to generate recommendations for products and/or treatments for the person shown in the images/video. The invention may further generate an image showing the result of an application of a product or treatment to the person shown in the video. The invention may be provided to a user on a computing device, such as, for example as an App on a mobile device.
Techniques for ranking the importance of various attributes associated with various product categories are described. According to various embodiments, product category information identifying various products in a particular product category in the inventory of a marketplace website is accessed. The product category information may further identify a set of attributes associated with the products in the particular product category. An importance value associated with each of the attributes is then calculated, the importance values indicating an importance of each of the attributes for uniquely identifying the products in the product category. Thereafter, each of the attributes are ranked, based on the importance value associated with each of the attributes.