Abstract:
This frequency tripler system uses a cascade of integrated transistor circuit differential limiting amplifiers and tunable notch filters that can directly serve one or more outputs, such as a direct clock or local oscillator drive. With this topology, filtering is distributed between two or more stages of differential limiting amplifiers and tunable notch filters. This enables suppression of smaller fundamental tone by the differential limiting amplifiers along with the tunable notch filters and yields a strong third harmonic signal to directly drive high performance mixers and digital-to-analog converters.
Abstract:
This frequency tripler system uses a cascade of integrated transistor circuit differential limiting amplifiers and tunable notch filters that can directly serve one or more outputs, such as a direct clock or local oscillator drive. With this topology, filtering is distributed between two or more stages of differential limiting amplifiers and tunable notch filters. This enables suppression of smaller fundamental tone by the differential limiting amplifiers along with the tunable notch filters and yields a strong third harmonic signal to directly drive high performance mixers and digital-to-analog converters.
Abstract:
A carrier generator for generating a carrier at a frequency of interest in a wireless communications system comprises an oscillator exhibiting a first impedance, the oscillator comprising an energy storage tank configured to generate a periodic signal, the energy storage tank including at least one inductor and at least one capacitor, and an amplifier coupled with the energy storage tank, the amplifier being configured to amplify an amplitude of the periodic signal, an antenna exhibiting a second impedance smaller than the first impedance, and a network coupled between the oscillator and the antenna, the network including at least one inductor or at least one capacitor and being configured to provide a third impedance such that a resultant impedance of the second impedance and the third impedance as viewed from the oscillator toward the antenna is large enough to facilitate the oscillator to generate the carrier at the frequency of interest.
Abstract:
A second-harmonic oscillator based on push-push oscillation has a pair of amplifiers for oscillation, a high frequency transmission line for connecting inputs of the pair of amplifiers to each other and connecting outputs of the pair of amplifiers to each other, and an electromagnetic coupling member disposed between the inputs and outputs of the pair of amplifiers such that it is electromagnetically coupled to the high frequency transmission line. The electromagnetic coupling member includes at least a dielectric resonator. The pair of amplifiers, high frequency transmission line, and electromagnetic coupling member form two oscillation loops which oscillate in opposite phases to each other with respect to a fundamental wave of oscillation for generating a second harmonic of the fundamental wave.
Abstract:
The invention can be used for telecommunications, measuring and other devices in order to produce stable superhigh frequency signals. An IMPATT diode (4) operating in the cascade break-down mode and having a sharp nonlinearity transforms an input signal in such a way that ultraharmonics which multiple in respect to the frequency of an input signal ω0 occur in a frequency spectrum. An output stage of a multiplier is used in order to separate an output nω0 frequency and to suppress adjacent frequencies. In order to tune the output stage to the nω0 frequency, a tuning plug (8) and short-circuiting pistons (13) are used. The tuning plug (8) is arranged above an upper electrod of the IMPATT diode (4) (inside the axis of the diode). The tuning plugs (13) make it possible to tune resonance capacitance to the nω0 frequency and remove energy towards the output part of a T-bend in which a wave guide pass-band filter (15) is disposed. Said filter (15) is embodied in the form of sections of a waveguide (14) on whose E-plane a thin metallic diaphragm is arranged, said diaphragm being provided with windows (16) disposed along the axis of the waveguide. The inventive multiplier ensures high converting efficiency.
Abstract:
An odd order MESFET frequency multiplier which outputs a desired odd harmonic of a fundamental tone. The frequency multiplier includes a multiplier stage with a MESFET having a harmonic response dependent upon a plurality of bias conditions and the input RF power level. The MESFET includes a drain port coupled to an output matching network sized and configured for a predetermined load at a selected output frequency. The output matching network includes RF shorts for reflecting energy to the MESFET from a plurality of undesired even harmonics. Coupled to the output matching circuit is a bandpass filter sized and configured for the predetermined load. The bandpass filter includes RF shorts for reflecting energy to the MESFET from a plurality of undesired odd harmonics, wherein the reflected energy from the undesired even harmonics and the undesired odd harmonics are combined at the MESFET to provide additional energy at the desired odd harmonic.
Abstract:
A subharmonic image rejection and image enhancement mixer for mixing millimeter wavelength signals using a low conversion loss technique is described. A local oscillator frequency from an external source is fed to a first subharmonic mixer and through a phase shifter to a second subharmonic mixer. The phase shifter delays the local oscillator signal by (90.degree./n), where n is the multiple of the subharmonic mixers and is greater than 1. The first and second subharmonic mixers mix the local oscillator frequency with an input signal, which includes a desired frequency and an image frequency, to produce an intermediate frequency having a desired component and an image component at a select phase. A 0.degree.-90.degree. hybrid separates and terminates the image component of the intermediate frequency. The input port that feeds the input signal to each subharmonic mixer is dimensioned so as to provide a virtual image short termination or an image short termination to a self-generated image signal from each subharmonic mixer, thereby decreasing the conversion loss of the frequency mixer.
Abstract:
A multi-channel carrier wave generator includes a signal source capable of generating a carrier wave having a frequency, a first input-match diode circuit receiving the carrier wave to correspondingly generate a plurality of harmonic waves, a first multi-way power divider electrically connected to the first input-match diode circuit to equally divide the harmonic waves, and a first multi-way filter electrically connected to the first multiple power divider to filter through the harmonic waves. Such a multi-channel carrier wave generator has the advantages of having a simple fabrication procedure, a low cost, and a low phase noise, and capable of providing a stable carrier wave and a good filtering result and of using a lower order bandpass filter.
Abstract:
A low phase noise frequency multiplier is disclosed for multiplying a sine wave obtained from a low phase noise crystal oscillator to higher frequencies than can be directly obtained from a crystal oscillator. The multiplication occurs without the ordinary increase in phase noise. The multiplier, when tripling the frequency contains a low phase noise frequency doubler. The double and triple frequency terms in the tripler are synthesized from two orthogonally related derivatives of the same wave, which are then multiplied in a double balanced mixer. The process reinforces the desired harmonics while not reinforcing the short term random phase noise, and produces a substantial improvement in the single sideband phase noise ratio over conventional frequency multipliers.
Abstract:
A subharmonic mixer is shown to comprise two pairs of matched antiparallel GaAs diodes disposed on a dielectric slab and operative with microstrip circuitry. By suppressing the fundamental mixing products, mixing the radio frequency signal with the second harmonic of a local oscillator (LO) signal and using relative phase differences of the LO signals in the two pairs of diodes, undesirable effects from spurious signals are minimized.