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    COOLING WATER SCALE AND CORROSION INHIBITION
    5.
    发明申请
    COOLING WATER SCALE AND CORROSION INHIBITION 有权
    冷却水垢和腐蚀抑制

    公开(公告)号：US20050218080A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-10-06

    申请号：US11018732

    申请日：2004-12-21

    申请人： Dan Duke ,  John Kubis

    发明人： Dan Duke ,  John Kubis

    IPC分类号： C02F1/04 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/44 ,  C02F1/46 ,  C02F1/52 ,  C02F1/60 ,  C02F1/66 ,  C02F5/00 ,  C02F5/08 ,  C23F11/18 ,  C23F15/00

    CPC分类号： C02F5/00 ,  C02F1/042 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/441 ,  C02F1/4602 ,  C02F1/52 ,  C02F1/66 ,  C02F2103/023 ,  C02F2209/05 ,  C02F2303/08 ,  C23F11/182 ,  C23F15/00

    摘要： A methods for inhibiting silica scale formation and corrosion in aqueous systems where soluble silica (SiO2) can be maintained at residuals below 200 mg/L, but more preferably maintained at greater than 200 mg/L as SiO2, without silica scale and with control of deposition of source water silica accumulations as high as 4000 mg/L (cycled accumulation) from evaporation and concentration of source water. The methods of the present invention also provide highly effective inhibition of corrosion for carbon steel, copper, copper alloy, and stainless steel alloys. The methods of the present invention comprise pretreatment removal of hardness ions from the makeup source water, maintenance of electrical conductivity, and elevating the pH level of the aqueous environment. Thereafter, specified water chemistry residual ranges are maintained in the aqueous system to achieve inhibition of scale and corrosion.

    摘要翻译： 在水溶性体系中抑制二氧化硅垢形成和腐蚀的方法，其中可溶性二氧化硅（SiO 2/2）可以保持在低于200mg / L的残余物，但更优选保持在大于200mg / L的SiO 没有二氧化硅垢，并且控制源水二氧化硅积聚物从蒸发和源水浓度高达4000mg / L（循环积累）的沉积。 本发明的方法还提供了对碳钢，铜，铜合金和不锈钢合金的高度有效的腐蚀抑制。 本发明的方法包括预处理从补充源水中除去硬度离子，维持导电性和提高水性环境的pH值。 此后，在水系统中保持规定的水化学残留范围，以达到防垢和腐蚀。

    Cooling water scale and corrosion inhibition
    6.
    发明申请
    Cooling water scale and corrosion inhibition 有权
    冷却水垢和腐蚀抑制

    公开(公告)号：US20050150839A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-07-14

    申请号：US11018170

    申请日：2004-12-21

    申请人： Dan Duke ,  John Kubis ,  John Wetherell

    发明人： Dan Duke ,  John Kubis ,  John Wetherell

    IPC分类号： C02F1/04 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/44 ,  C02F1/46 ,  C02F1/52 ,  C02F1/60 ,  C02F1/66 ,  C02F5/00 ,  C02F5/08 ,  C23F11/18 ,  C23F15/00

    CPC分类号： C02F5/00 ,  C02F1/042 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/441 ,  C02F1/4602 ,  C02F1/52 ,  C02F1/66 ,  C02F2103/023 ,  C02F2209/05 ,  C02F2303/08 ,  C23F11/182 ,  C23F15/00

    摘要： A methods of the present invention for inhibiting silica scale formation and corrosion in aqueous systems where soluble silica residuals (SiO2) are maintained in excess of 200 mg/L, and source water silica deposition is inhibited with silica accumulations as high as 4000 mg/L (cycled accumulation) from evaporation and concentration of source water. The methods of the present invention also provides inhibition of corrosion for carbon steel at corrosion rates of less than 0.3 mpy (mils per year), and less than 0.1 mpy for copper, copper alloy, and stainless steel alloys in highly concentrated (high dissolved solids) waters. The methods of the present invention comprise pretreatment removal of hardness ions from the makeup source water, maintenance of electrical conductivity, and elevating the pH level of the aqueous environment. Thereafter, specified water chemistry residual ranges are maintained in the aqueous system to achieve inhibition of scale and corrosion.

    摘要翻译： 本发明抑制水溶性二氧化硅残留物（SiO 2 O 2）超过200mg / L的二氧化硅垢形成和腐蚀的方法以及源水二氧化硅沉积被二氧化硅抑制 从蒸发和浓缩源水中积聚高达4000 mg / L（循环积累）。 本发明的方法还提供了在低于0.3mpy（每年密度）的腐蚀速率下对碳钢的腐蚀的抑制，对于高浓度（高溶解固体）中的铜，铜合金和不锈钢合金，腐蚀速率小于0.1mpy ）水域。 本发明的方法包括从补充源水中预处理去除硬度离子，维持导电性和提高水性环境的pH值。 此后，在水系统中保持规定的水化学残留范围，以达到防垢和腐蚀。

    Separation and purification of fluoride from industrial wastes
    7.
    发明授权
    Separation and purification of fluoride from industrial wastes 失效
    从工业废物中分离和纯化氟化物

    公开(公告)号：US5876685A

    公开(公告)日：1999-03-02

    申请号：US707907

    申请日：1996-09-11

    申请人： Gerald A. Krulik ,  John A. Adams ,  Dieter Dornisch ,  David W. Persichini ,  Christopher S. Blatt

    发明人： Gerald A. Krulik ,  John A. Adams ,  Dieter Dornisch ,  David W. Persichini ,  Christopher S. Blatt

    IPC分类号： B01D15/04 ,  C01B7/19 ,  C02F1/04 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/58 ,  C02F1/60 ,  C02F1/66 ,  C02F9/00

    CPC分类号： C02F9/00 ,  C01B7/191 ,  C01B7/196 ,  C02F1/583 ,  C02F1/60 ,  C02F1/04 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/66 ,  C02F2101/14 ,  C02F2103/346

    摘要： A method for the removal and purification of substantially all of the fluoride ions contained in a solution containing greater than 10 parts per million (ppm) fluoride ion, a mixture of other anions, silicon in the form of a fluorosilicic acid, silicic acid, silicates, or silicon tetrafluoride, and optionally also containing complex metal fluorides, to produce an ultrapure hydrofluoric acid, comprising the steps of (a) adjusting the pH of the solution to an alkaline pH to hydrolyze the fluorosilicic acid and any complex metal fluorides; (b) removing the fluoride ions and other anions from the solution by passing the solution through an ion exchange resin, where the ion exchange resin is adapted to adsorb substantially all of the fluoride passed over the ion exchange resin; (c) displacing the fluoride ions and other anions bound to the ion exchange resin, thereby forming a mixture of anions in an effluent emanating from resin; (d) optionally concentrating the effluent at a high pH and then lowering the pH; and (e) distilling the mixture of anions in the effluent from a sulfuric acid solution to generate ultrapure hydrofluoric acid. An apparatus useful for practicing the method is also disclosed.

    摘要翻译： 除去和纯化含有大于10ppm（ppm）氟离子，其它阴离子的混合物，氟硅酸形式的硅，硅酸，硅酸盐的溶液中所含的基本上所有的氟离子的方法 ，或四氟化硅，以及任选地还含有复合金属氟化物，以制备超纯氢氟酸，包括以下步骤：（a）将溶液的pH调节至碱性pH以水解氟硅酸和任何复合金属氟化物; （b）通过使溶液通过离子交换树脂从溶液中除去氟离子和其它阴离子，其中离子交换树脂适于吸附通过离子交换树脂的基本上所有的氟化物; （c）置换与离子交换树脂结合的氟离子和其它阴离子，从而在由树脂发出的流出物中形成阴离子的混合物; （d）任选地在高pH下浓缩流出物，然后降低pH值; 和（e）将来自硫酸溶液的流出物中的阴离子混合物蒸馏以产生超纯氢氟酸。 还公开了一种用于实施该方法的装置。

    Treatment of geothermal brine sulfate-rich fluids to facilitate the precipitation of silica
    9.
    发明授权
    Treatment of geothermal brine sulfate-rich fluids to facilitate the precipitation of silica 失效
    处理地热盐水富含硫酸盐的液体以促进二氧化硅沉淀

    公开(公告)号：US4437995A

    公开(公告)日：1984-03-20

    申请号：US477954

    申请日：1983-03-23

    申请人： Robert W. Rex

    发明人： Robert W. Rex

    IPC分类号： C02F1/52 ,  C02F1/60

    CPC分类号： C02F1/5236 ,  C02F1/60

    摘要： A method for the treatment of geothermal brines to control the precipitation of silica is disclosed. A sulfate-rich liquid is introduced into geothermal brine within a production well prior to flashing or is introduced into the residual geothermal brine remaining after the brine has been flashed to produce steam. The sulfate in the liquid reacts with the barium, calcium, and/or lead salts within the brine to produce a colloidal suspension which serves to accelerate precipitation of silica from the brine and to adsorb the precipitated silica particles. The colloidal suspension with its adsorbed silica particles is then removed from the brine by conventional gravimetric or filtration methods.The method of the invention substantially reduces the deposition of silica in wellbores and in energy extraction equipment and facilitates removal of the silica from the brine. The method further reduces the deposition of silica in injection wells wherein the silica cleansed brine is discharged.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种处理地热盐水以控制二氧化硅沉淀的方法。 在闪蒸之前将富含硫酸盐的液体引入生产井内的地热盐水中，或者将其引入残余的盐水已经闪蒸以产生蒸汽后残留的地热卤水中。 液体中的硫酸盐与盐水中的钡盐，钙盐和/或铅盐反应产生胶体悬浮液，其用于加速二氧化硅从盐水中沉淀并吸附沉淀的二氧化硅颗粒。 然后通过常规的重量法或过滤方法从盐水中除去其吸附的二氧化硅颗粒的胶态悬浮液。 本发明的方法基本上减少了二氧化硅在井筒和能量提取设备中的沉积，并有利于从盐水中除去二氧化硅。 该方法进一步减少二氧化硅在其中二氧化硅清洁的盐水被排出的注入井中的沉积。

    Process for stabilizing silica-rich geothermal brine to prevent silica scaling
    10.
    发明授权
    Process for stabilizing silica-rich geothermal brine to prevent silica scaling 失效
    用于稳定富二氧化硅的地热盐水以防止二氧化硅结垢的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4405463A

    公开(公告)日：1983-09-20

    申请号：US318127

    申请日：1981-11-04

    申请人： John W. Jost ,  William C. Lieffers ,  Olin D. Whitescarver

    发明人： John W. Jost ,  William C. Lieffers ,  Olin D. Whitescarver

    IPC分类号： C02F1/60 ,  C02F1/72 ,  C02F1/52 ,  C02F1/74

    CPC分类号： C02F1/72 ,  C02F1/60

    摘要： A process for stabilizing silica-rich geothermal brine to prevent silica scaling comprises selectively providing a supply of ferric ions, allowing the silica-rich brine to combine with the ferric ions to form insoluble, iron-rich siliceous material and separating the insoluble siliceous material from the brine to form a brine having a silica content which is reduced below the saturation level required for substantially scale-free handling of the brine. In one embodiment of the process in which the brine contains sufficient dissolved ferrous ions, the process comprises selectively contacting the brine with an oxidizing agent, preferably by aerating the brine, to oxidize a selected portion of the ferrous ions to ferric ions, which then combine with silica to form the insoluble iron-rich siliceous material. The ferric ion content of an iron-deficient brine may be augmented by adding ferric and/or ferrous ions to the brine. Steam released by flashing the untreated brine may be used to heat the stabilized brine before disposal thereof, so as to increase the silica solubility and reduce the amount of silica required to be removed to prevent scaling.

    摘要翻译： 用于稳定富二氧化硅的地热盐水以防止二氧化硅结垢的方法包括选择性地提供铁离子供应，允许富含二氧化硅的盐水与三价铁离子结合以形成不溶性富铁硅质材料，并将不溶性硅质材料从 盐水形成盐水，其二氧化硅含量降低到基本无水处理盐水所需的饱和水平以下。 在其中盐水含有足够溶解的亚铁离子的方法的一个实施方案中，该方法包括选择性地使盐水与氧化剂接触，优选通过使盐水充气，将亚铁离子的选定部分氧化成铁离子，然后将铁离子 用二氧化硅形成不溶性富铁硅质材料。 通过向盐水中加入铁和/或亚铁离子可以增加缺铁盐水的铁离子含量。 通过闪蒸未经处理的盐水释放的蒸汽可用于在处理之前加热稳定的盐水，以便增加二氧化硅溶解度并减少被除去的二氧化硅的量以防止结垢。