公开(公告)号：US20040148857A1

公开(公告)日：2004-08-05

申请号：US10359104

申请日：2003-02-05

发明人： Michael Strizki ,  Richard M. Mohring

IPC分类号： C10J001/00 ,  B01J007/00 ,  C01B003/24

CPC分类号： C01B3/065 ,  C01B3/501 ,  C01B2203/0405 ,  C01B2203/0465 ,  C01B2203/0495 ,  F17C11/005 ,  H01M8/04208 ,  H01M8/04216 ,  H01M8/065 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  Y02E60/321 ,  Y02E60/362

摘要： A system for generating hydrogen gas utilizes a volume exchange housing for the storage of a fuel material that reacts to generate hydrogen gas and a hydrogen separation chamber. The system includes a gas permeable membrane or membranes that allow hydrogen gas to pass through the membrane while preventing aqueous solutions from passing therethrough. The system is orientation independent. A throttle valve is also used to self regulate the reaction generating the hydrogen gas.

摘要翻译： 用于产生氢气的系统利用体积交换壳体来存储反应产生氢气和氢分离室的燃料。 该系统包括允许氢气通过膜同时防止水溶液通过的透气膜或膜。 系统方向独立。 节气门也用于自我调节产生氢气的反应。

公开(公告)号：US20040126633A1

公开(公告)日：2004-07-01

申请号：US10669297

申请日：2003-09-23

发明人： Leonid Grigorian

IPC分类号： H01M008/06 ,  C01B003/24

CPC分类号： C01B3/26 ,  C01B3/02 ,  C01B3/32 ,  C01B2203/0277 ,  C01B2203/04 ,  C01B2203/0425 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/085 ,  C01B2203/0855 ,  C01B2203/0861 ,  C01B2203/1041 ,  C01B2203/1211 ,  C01B2203/1252 ,  C01B2203/1623 ,  C01B2203/1657 ,  H01M8/0612

摘要： Methods, processes, and apparatuses for the production of hydrogen gases are provided. A catalytic amount of iodine is dissolved in a hydrocarbon fuel source, such as cyclopropane and/or benzene, and the mixture is heated to a temperature greater than about 80null C. A reaction vessel capable of maintaining pressures greater than 1 atmosphere is used. The hydrogen gas thus produced is recovered, and optionally purified.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于生产氢气的方法，方法和装置。 将催化量的碘溶解在诸如环丙烷和/或苯的烃燃料源中，并将混合物加热至大于约80℃的温度。使用能够保持大于1大气压的反应容器。 回收如此生产的氢气，并任选地进行纯化。

公开(公告)号：US20040120887A1

公开(公告)日：2004-06-24

申请号：US10477643

申请日：2003-11-14

发明人： Yasushi Sekine ,  Masato Watanabe

IPC分类号： C01B003/24 ,  B01J019/08

CPC分类号： C01B3/32 ,  B01J14/00 ,  B01J19/088 ,  B01J2219/0809 ,  B01J2219/082 ,  B01J2219/0828 ,  B01J2219/0835 ,  B01J2219/0839 ,  B01J2219/0841 ,  B01J2219/0849 ,  B01J2219/0888 ,  B01J2219/0892 ,  C01B3/342 ,  C01B2203/0216 ,  C01B2203/0861

摘要： There has been conventionally known a method for producing hydrogen and oxygen through reactions of hydrocarbon and vapor (steam reforming method). This steam reforming method has been so far practiced at a high temperature of 600null C. to 850null C. and high pressure of 5 to 100 atmospheres by using nickel catalyst including alumina as a carrier. However, it is disadvantageously necessary for the aforenoted prior art method for carrying out the reaction at the high temperature and high pressure to use a sturdy reaction apparatus which can endure the high temperature and high pressure. Furthermore, implementation of the high temperature and high pressure required for the prior art method inevitably turns out to be expensive. Besides, the prior art method is relatively low in the rate of selecting carbon monoxide (e.g. percentage of components, which turns to carbon atom in carbon monoxide, in the carbon atom forming the carbon monoxide as raw materials), and causes various sorts of secondary reactions, consequently to possibly block a reaction tube due to by-product materials resultantly produced or deteriorate the catalyst. In the light of the foregoing, the present invention has an object to provide a novel liquid-phase reforming method and apparatus for hydrocarbon and oxygen-containing compound, which can be practiced at a temperature lower than that at which the conventional method is practiced and at normal pressures without using catalyst in high rate of selecting carbon monoxide, has no need of separating products from the unreacted substances, and does not give rise to any by-product. To attain the object described above according to the present invention, there is provided a reforming method characterized by reacting hydrocarbon or oxygen-containing compound and water by pulse discharge in the liquid including the hydrocarbon or oxygen-containing compound, thus to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide. According to this method of the invention, the objective hydrogen and carbon monoxide can be obtained by pulse discharge in the liquid. Besides, the intended reaction can be carried out at normal temperatures and pressures. Since the product can be obtained in the form of gas, there is no necessity for separating the product resultantly obtained from the unreacted substances. Furthermore, the by-product such as acetylene is dissolved and absorbed in the liquid and reacted over again, consequently to be converted into synthesis gas.

公开(公告)号：US20040096391A1

公开(公告)日：2004-05-20

申请号：US10613979

申请日：2003-07-03

申请人： SGL Acotec GmbH

发明人： Marcus Franz ,  Georg Hartel ,  Jurgen Kunzel

IPC分类号： C01B003/24 ,  B01J008/04

CPC分类号： B01J8/0496 ,  B01J8/025 ,  B01J8/0285 ,  B01J8/0411 ,  B01J2208/00141 ,  B01J2208/00203 ,  B01J2208/00309 ,  B01J2208/0053 ,  B01J2219/00265 ,  C01B3/363 ,  C01B3/386 ,  C01B2203/0255 ,  C01B2203/0261 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/142 ,  H01M8/0618 ,  H01M8/0631 ,  Y02P20/129

摘要： A process is described for generating hydrogen through the oxidation of fuels that contain chemically bound hydrogen, in particular hydrocarbons, having the following process steps: a) introducing the fuel (1) as well as the oxidation agent (2) into a reactor (3) having a porous material (4null) that is embodied in such a way that flame propagation in a direction opposite the direction of flow is prevented, and b) reacting the fuel with the oxidation agent in partial oxidation so that hydrogen is obtained in gaseous form. In addition, an apparatus for generating hydrogen that has a reactor that contains a porous material (4, 4null), and the reactor (3) is embodied as a tubular reactor that has a central chamber (5) to introduce the fuel and the oxidation agent that extends in the axial direction and is delimited radially toward the outside by a first wall that has porous material (4), and the first wall is delimited radially toward the outside by a second wall that contains the porous material (4null). Also described is an apparatus to generate hydrogen that has a reactor that contains a porous material and is characterized by the fact that its porosity in the direction of flame generation changes so that the pores are larger, that the porous material is disposed in a first zone and a second zone, which zones are adjacent to each other, and that a zone that has a porous material follows the one zone, seen in the direction of flow.

摘要翻译： 描述了通过氧化包含化学键合的氢，特别是烃的燃料产生氢的方法，具有以下工艺步骤：a）将燃料（1）以及氧化剂（2）引入反应器（3） ）具有多孔材料（4'），该多孔材料（4'）以如下方式被实施：使得在与流动方向相反的方向上的火焰传播被阻止，以及b）使部分氧化中的燃料与氧化剂反应，使得气体中获得氢气 形成。 此外，具有含有多孔材料（4,4'）的反应器和反应器（3）的产生氢气的装置被实施为具有中心室（5）以引入燃料和管状反应器的管式反应器， 氧化剂，其在轴向方向上延伸并且通过具有多孔材料（4）的第一壁径向限定在外部，并且第一壁通过包含多孔材料（4'）的第二壁径向限定在外部， 。 还描述了一种产生氢的装置，其具有含有多孔材料的反应器，其特征在于其在火焰产生方向上的孔隙度变化使得孔更大，多孔材料设置在第一区域 以及第二区域，这些区域彼此相邻，并且具有多孔材料的区域沿着沿流动方向观察的一个区域。

公开(公告)号：US20040068933A1

公开(公告)日：2004-04-15

申请号：US10387570

申请日：2003-03-14

申请人： MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC WORKS, LTD.

发明人： Toru Nakamura ,  Susumu Kobayashi ,  Hitoshi Kudo ,  Mikio Sei ,  Yuichiro Yasuda ,  Zhongmin Fei

IPC分类号： B01J008/00 ,  C01B003/24

CPC分类号： B01J8/0465 ,  B01B1/005 ,  B01J8/0496 ,  B01J2208/00203 ,  B01J2208/00309 ,  B01J2208/00504 ,  B01J2208/00513 ,  B01J2208/0053 ,  B01J2219/1925 ,  C01B3/384 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B2203/0227 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/044 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0816 ,  C01B2203/0822 ,  C01B2203/0827 ,  C01B2203/0844 ,  C01B2203/0866 ,  C01B2203/0883 ,  C01B2203/0894 ,  C01B2203/82 ,  Y02P20/128 ,  Y02P20/129

摘要： There is provided a reforming apparatus which shows high efficiency and excellent operation-starting performance, in spite of its compact body and simple structure. The present invention relates to a reforming apparatus which having a gas-producing passage (1) which includes a reforming catalyst section (2), a shift catalyst section (3) and a CO-selective oxidizing catalyst section (4) arranged in this order along a gas flowing direction; and a combustion gas passage (5) for heating the reforming catalyst section (2), the shift catalyst section (3) and the CO-selective oxidizing catalyst section (4). The reformed gas-producing passage (1) is formed of a first passage (1a) including the reforming catalyst section (2) and a second heat-recovering section (6) which recovers heat from the gas having passed through the shift catalyst section (3) and the gas having passed through the CO-selective oxidizing catalyst section (4) and supplies the heat to a fuel gas and steam fed to the reforming catalyst section (2); and a second passage (1b) including the shift catalyst section (3), the CO-selective oxidizing catalyst section (4), and a first heat-recovering section (7) which recovers heat from the gas having passed through the reforming catalyst section (2) and supplies the heat to the reforming catalyst section (2). The first passage (1a) is located adjacent to the combustion gas passage (5), and the second passage (1b) is located adjacent to the first passage (1a).

摘要翻译： 提供了尽管体积小且结构简单的高效率和优异的起动性能的重整装置。 本发明涉及一种具有气体产生通道（1）的重整装置，该气体生成通道（1）包括重整催化剂部分（2），换挡催化剂部分（3）和选择性氧化催化剂部分（4） 沿气体流动方向; 以及用于加热重整催化剂部分（2），变换催化剂部分（3）和CO选择氧化催化剂部分（4）的燃烧气体通道（5）。 重整气体产生通道（1）由包括重整催化剂部分（2）的第一通道（1a）和从已经通过变换催化剂部分的气体中回收热量的第二热回收部分（6）形成 3），并且已经通过CO选择氧化催化剂部分（4）的气体并将热量供给到供给到重整催化剂部分（2）的燃料气体和蒸汽; 以及包括所述变换催化剂部分（3），所述CO选择氧化催化剂部分（4）和从已经通过所述重整催化剂部分的气体中回收热量的第一热回收部分（7）的第二通道（1b） （2），并将热量供给到重整催化剂部（2）。 第一通道（1a）位于燃烧气体通道（5）附近，第二通道（1b）位于第一通道（1a）附近。

公开(公告)号：US20040060238A1

公开(公告)日：2004-04-01

申请号：US10211083

申请日：2002-08-02

发明人： William B. Retallick ,  William A. Whittenberger

IPC分类号： C01B003/24

CPC分类号： B01J19/249 ,  B01J12/007 ,  B01J2219/00164 ,  B01J2219/2453 ,  B01J2219/2458 ,  B01J2219/2465 ,  B01J2219/2466 ,  B01J2219/247 ,  B01J2219/2479 ,  B01J2219/2493 ,  C01B3/384 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B2203/0216 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/1035 ,  C01B2203/1652 ,  C01B2203/169

摘要： A compact steam reformer produces hydrogen to power a fuel cell, such as can be used in a vehicle. The steam reformer includes a first channel, at least partly coated with a steam reforming catalyst, and a second channel, at least partly coated with a combustion catalyst, the channels being in thermal contact with each other. Heat from the combustion is used in the steam reforming reaction. The steam reformer may be provided as a stack of strips defining steam reforming channels which alternate with combustion channels. The reformer may also include a set of modules, connected in series, each module including a stack of strips as described above. The steam reformer preferably also includes a channel wherein a water-gas shift reaction occurs, to convert carbon monoxide, produced by the reformer, into carbon dioxide.

摘要翻译： 紧凑型蒸汽重整器产生氢气以为燃料电池供电，例如可用于车辆中。 蒸汽重整器包括至少部分地涂覆有蒸汽重整催化剂的第一通道和至少部分地涂覆有燃烧催化剂的第二通道，所述通道彼此热接触。 在蒸汽重整反应中使用来自燃烧的热。 蒸汽重整器可以被设置为一组条带，其限定与燃烧通道交替的蒸汽重整通道。 重整器还可以包括串联连接的一组模块，每个模块包括如上所述的一堆条带。 蒸汽重整器优选还包括其中发生水煤气变换反应以将由重整器产生的一氧化碳转化为二氧化碳的通道。

公开(公告)号：US20040006914A1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-15

申请号：US10600753

申请日：2003-06-23

发明人： Aly H. Shaaban ,  Timothy J. Campbell

IPC分类号： C01B003/24

CPC分类号： C01B3/38 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/0827 ,  C01B2203/1247 ,  C01B2203/1258 ,  C01B2203/127 ,  C10G55/06 ,  C10G57/00

摘要： A distillate fuel steam reformer system in which a fuel feed stream is first separated into two process streams: an aliphatics-rich, sulfur-depleted gas stream, and an aromatics- and sulfur-rich liquid residue stream. The aliphatics-rich gas stream is desulfurized, mixed with steam, and converted in a reforming reactor to a hydrogen-rich product stream. The aromatics-rich residue stream is mixed with air and combusted to provide heat necessary for endothermic process operations. Reducing the amounts of sulfur and aromatic hydrocarbons directed to desulfurzation and reforming operations minimizes the size and weight of the overall apparatus. The process of the invention is well suited to the use of microchannel apparatuses for heat exchangers, reactors, and other system components, which may be assembled in slab configuration, further reducing system size and weight.

摘要翻译： 一种馏出物燃料蒸汽重整器系统，其中首先将燃料进料流分离成两种工艺流：富含脂族物质的贫硫气流和富含芳烃和富硫的液体残余物流。 将富含脂肪的气流脱硫，与蒸汽混合，并在重整反应器中转化为富氢产物流。 将富含芳烃的残余物流与空气混合并燃烧，以提供吸热过程操作所需的热量。 降低用于脱硫和重整操作的硫和芳烃的量使整个设备的尺寸和重量最小化。 本发明的方法非常适用于用于热交换器，反应器和其它系统部件的微通道装置，其可以以板构造组装，进一步减小系统尺寸和重量。

公开(公告)号：US20030233789A1

公开(公告)日：2003-12-25

申请号：US10229550

申请日：2002-08-28

发明人： Kenneth J. Dauer ,  Michael R. Salemi ,  Richard F. Nashburn ,  John Kirwan

IPC分类号： C01B003/24

CPC分类号： H01M8/0631 ,  B01J8/0221 ,  B01J8/0278 ,  B01J8/0285 ,  B01J2208/00407 ,  B01J2208/00415 ,  B01J2208/00716 ,  C01B3/323 ,  C01B3/386 ,  C01B2203/0261 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/1064 ,  C01B2203/1217 ,  C01B2203/1223 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1247 ,  C01B2203/1276 ,  C01B2203/1604 ,  C01B2203/1619 ,  C01B2203/169 ,  H01M8/0618 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  H01M2008/1293 ,  H01M2250/20 ,  Y02E60/525 ,  Y02T90/32

摘要： A fast start-up catalytic reformer for producing hydrogen-rich reformate from hydrocarbon fuel includes a reactor having an inlet for receiving a flow of fuel and a flow of air, a reforming catalyst disposed within a reforming chamber in the reactor, and an outlet for discharging the produced reformate stream. An ignition device within the reactor tube ignites a first lean mixture in combustion mode to generate exhaust gases to warm the catalyst which also warms the wall of the reactor adjacent the catalyst. The reactor then switches over to a rich fuel/air mixture during reforming mode. A jacket concentrically surrounds the reactor, defining a mixing chamber therebetween which communicates with the reforming chamber via openings in the wall of the reactor. Fuel entering the reformer in combustion mode is injected directly into the reforming chamber to provide rapid warming of the catalyst. Fuel entering the reformer in reforming mode is sprayed onto the outside of the reactor in the mixing chamber, preferably in the heated region of the tube for very rapid vaporization.

摘要翻译： 用于从烃燃料生产富氢重整产品的快速启动催化重整器包括具有用于接收燃料流和空气流的入口的反应器，设置在反应器内的重整室内的重整催化剂，以及用于 排放生产的重整油流。 反应器管内的点火装置在燃烧模式下点燃第一贫混合物以产生废气以加热催化剂，其也使靠近催化剂的反应器壁加热。 在重整模式期间，反应器切换到富燃料/空气混合物。 套管同心地围绕反应器，在其间限定了混合室，其中通过反应器壁中的开口与重整室连通。 在燃烧模式下进入重整器的燃料直接注入到重整室中以提供催化剂的快速升温。 在重整模式中进入重整器的燃料在混合室中，优选在管的加热区域喷射到反应器的外部，以使其非常快速地蒸发。

公开(公告)号：US20030196381A1

公开(公告)日：2003-10-23

申请号：US10375211

申请日：2003-02-26

发明人： Gunter Eberspach

IPC分类号： C01B003/24

CPC分类号： B01B1/005 ,  B01J2208/0053 ,  B01J2208/00716 ,  C01B3/386 ,  C01B2203/0261 ,  C01B2203/1235 ,  C01B2203/1276 ,  C01B2203/1288 ,  C01B2203/1604 ,  C01B2203/1619 ,  C01B2203/1676 ,  C01B2203/169 ,  F01N2240/30 ,  F23D3/40

摘要： An evaporator device for generating a hydrocarbon-air mixture which can be decomposed in a reformer for producing hydrogen comprises a burner/evaporator area, which has a combustion/mixing chamber (14), into which air enters via an inlet opening device (16), a hydrocarbon evaporating means (24, 34), comprising a porous evaporator medium (24) and, associated with same, a first heating means (34) and a glow-type igniting member (28) for igniting the hydrocarbon-air mixture present in the combustion/mixing chamber (14).

摘要翻译： 一种用于产生可在用于生产氢的重整器中分解的烃 - 空气混合物的蒸发器装置包括燃烧器/蒸发器区域，其具有经由入口打开装置（16）进入空气的燃烧/混合室（14） ，烃蒸发装置（24,34），其包括多孔蒸发器介质（24）并与其相关联的第一加热装置（34）和用于点燃存在的烃 - 空气混合物的辉光型点火构件（28） 在燃烧/混合室（14）中。

公开(公告)号：US20030161785A1

公开(公告)日：2003-08-28

申请号：US10371529

申请日：2003-02-21

发明人： Gunther H. Dieckmann

IPC分类号： C01B003/24

CPC分类号： B01J19/0026 ,  B01J2208/00707 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B2203/0205 ,  C01B2203/0244 ,  C01B2203/16 ,  C23C10/48 ,  C23C30/00 ,  Y02P20/142

摘要： The present invention provides a process for suppressing the formation of metal-containing coke during processing of a hydrocarbonaceous material, such as for example a hydrocarbon conversion processes. The process involves using a feed comprising CO2 and steam in combination with equipment comprising high nickel and/or cobalt alloy metallurgy including aluminum or an aluminum coating in order to reduce metal catalyzed coking at process temperatures above about 800 degrees F. The process is particularly useful in the reforming of a hydrocarbon material to make hydrogen for operation in a fuel cell.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了在烃类材料的加工过程中抑制含金属焦炭的形成的方法，例如烃转化方法。 该方法包括使用包含CO 2和蒸汽的进料与包括铝或铝涂层的高镍和/或钴合金冶金的设备组合，以便在高于约800华氏度的工艺温度下减少金属催化焦化。该方法特别有用 在碳氢化合物材料的重整中使氢气在燃料电池中操作。