摘要:
An over-current protection apparatus constituted of: a transistor disposed on a substrate; a first thermal sense device arranged to sense a temperature reflective of a junction temperature of the transistor; a second thermal sense device arranged to sense a temperature reflective of a temperature of a casing surrounding the substrate; and a control circuitry, arranged to alternately: responsive to the sensed temperature by the first thermal sense device and the sensed temperature of the second thermal sense device being indicative that the temperature difference between the transistor junction and the substrate casing is greater than a predetermined value, switch off the transistor; and responsive to the sensed temperature by the first thermal sense device and the sensed temperature by the second thermal sense device being indicative that the temperature difference between the transistor junction and the substrate casing is not greater than the predetermined value, switch on the transistor.
摘要:
A photovoltaic power generation system includes a plurality of photovoltaic arrays, a plurality of shutdown units and an inverter. The shutdown unit is adjacent to the corresponding photovoltaic array, connected in parallel with the corresponding photovoltaic array, and electrically connected to the inverter via high voltage wires; the photovoltaic power generation system further includes a control unit configured to receive a detection signal indicating a state of the AC side of the inverter, monitor whether the AC side of the inverter is in a power-off state according to the detection signal, and generate a first power-off signal when the AC side of the inverter is in the power-off state; and the shutdown units are configured to receive the first power-off signal, and stop a power transmission from the photovoltaic arrays to the inverter according to the first power-off signal.
摘要:
An example method of operating a power distribution system including a plurality of source and tie circuit protection devices coupled between at least one source and a protection zone is disclosed. The protection zone includes a distribution bus and a plurality of feeder circuit protection devices coupled between the distribution bus and a plurality of loads. The method includes determining an electric current flowing through each source and tie circuit protection device, determining whether any of the feeder circuit protection devices is outputting a ZSI blocking signal, and controlling operation of the plurality of source and tie circuit protection devices according to an enhanced partial differential protection scheme based on a combination of the determined currents through the source and tie circuit protection devices and the determination of whether any of the feeder circuit protection devices is outputting a ZSI blocking signal.
摘要:
A differential protection system is provided. The differential protection system includes a local terminal configured to be communicatively coupled directly or indirectly with at least two remote terminals via at least three communication links to form a ring topology or a mesh topology. The differential protection system further includes a controller comprising a communication link decision unit and a clock unit associated with the local terminal. The communication link decision unit is configured to determine some of the at least three communication links as virtually disconnected such that the ring topology or the mesh topology is configured to be converted to a daisy chain topology. The clock unit is configured to time synchronize the local terminal with at least one of the at least two remote terminals when the local terminal and the at least two remote terminals are configured in the daisy chain topology.
摘要:
An electrical system architecture has at least two sources of electrical power, each delivering power to an individual AC bus. The individual AC buses are connected by a tie bus. A first source of electric power delivers power into a first AC bus, and the first AC bus delivers power to a first set of users. A supply current sensor is between the first source of power and the first AC bus. A tie bus output sensor senses output power from the AC bus being delivered onto the tie bus. A plurality of user output current sensors sense current passing to each of the plurality of users. A control is operable to compare a sensed current in the supply current sensor, and sum the current in the tie bus output sensor, and the plurality of user output sensors. If the sum of the output sensors differs by more than a predetermined amount from the current sensed by the supply sensor, the control identifies a fault. The first AC bus is then disconnected from the tie bus.
摘要:
A solid state switch module is provided for use in a power distribution network including an input differential protection connection for receiving a measured current value from an upstream module. The solid state switch module also includes an output differential protection connection for sending a measured current value. The solid state switch module includes a trip outlet for sending a trip signal to an upstream solid state switch, and a trip inlet for receiving a trip signal from a downstream solid state switch. The trip inlet is operably coupled to the switch. A current sensor measures the current value of a connected power transmission line across the solid state switch module. A summer adds a current input from a parallel module with the current measures by the current sensor. A comparator determines whether an amount of current lost between the solid state switch module and an upstream module is acceptable.
摘要:
A method and algorithm are disclosed that can be used to determine if an electrical fault exists within a protection zone defined as in the area between specific current transformers. (CTs). Currents from CTs are brought into a microprocessor (or other device) that converts the analog currents into digital quantities. The current quantities are summed both vectorially and arithmetically by the microprocessor. The mathematical derivative of the vector and the arithmetic sums are compared in order to determine if an electrical fault exists within the protection zone. An electrical trip signal is generated by the microprocessor if the fault is deemed to be in the protection zone.
摘要:
A photovoltaic power generating device comprising a current collecting box side detector for detecting a ground fault in each of the photovoltaic strings, a switch disposed in correspondence to each of the photovoltaic strings and interposed between the photovoltaic string and a connecting cable, a current collecting box including a control unit providing an on/off control of the switch according to the detection result from the detector, a detector for detecting a ground fault in a connecting cable between the current collecting box and the power conditioner, a switch interposed between the connecting cable and the inverter, and a power conditioner having a control unit providing an on/off control of the switch according to the detection result from the detector.