公开(公告)号：US20190041236A1

公开(公告)日：2019-02-07

申请号：US15671004

申请日：2017-08-07

Applicant: The Boeing Company

Inventor： Dejan Nikic

IPC: G01D5/14 ,  G01R33/07 ,  G01R33/36 ,  G01R33/00 ,  G01B7/02

CPC classification number: G01D5/145 ,  G01B7/023 ,  G01R15/181 ,  G01R15/207 ,  G01R19/08 ,  G01R33/0005 ,  G01R33/0029 ,  G01R33/075 ,  G01R33/077 ,  G01R33/3642

Abstract: A plurality of magnetic field sensors (26), for example arranged in an array (30), is operative to measure changes in magnetic field strength proximate the surface(s) (18, 24) of a test structure (10). The test structure (10) may approximate the geometry of an airplane fuselage, wing, or the like. An electric current is applied to the test structure (10), and the magnetic field sensors (26) sense changes in a magnetic field caused by the current. A corresponding plurality of integrators (32) convert the sensor (26) outputs to magnetic field strength values. From the plurality of magnetic field strength values and corresponding sensor locations (27), a current density over the target surface (10) is inferred.

公开(公告)号：US20110270557A1

公开(公告)日：2011-11-03

申请号：US12997055

申请日：2010-07-28

Applicant: Kyeong Dal Choi ,  Ji Kwang Lee ,  Woo Seok Kim ,  Chan Park ,  Byung Wook Han ,  Se Yeon Lee

Inventor： Kyeong Dal Choi ,  Ji Kwang Lee ,  Woo Seok Kim ,  Chan Park ,  Byung Wook Han ,  Se Yeon Lee

IPC: G01R19/08 ,  G06F19/00

CPC classification number: G01R33/1246 ,  G01N27/82 ,  G01R19/08

Abstract: A method for measuring critical current density of superconductor wires according to the present invention is characterized in that it includes: (a) applying an external magnetic field to the superconductor wires, (b) measuring a magnetization loss of the superconductor wires according to the application of the external magnetic field, (c) normalizing the measured magnetization loss, and then calculating a fully-penetration magnetic field of the superconductor wires according to the normalized magnetization loss, (d) calculating a critical current density of the superconductor wires according to the calculated fully-penetration magnetic field. Therefore, the critical current density of parallel superconductor wires such as stacked superconductor wires may be measured without applying current to the superconductor wires directly.

Abstract translation: 根据本发明的用于测量超导线的临界电流密度的方法的特征在于其包括：（a）向超导体线施加外部磁场，（b）根据应用测量超导体线的磁损耗 ，（c）归一化所测量的磁化损耗，然后根据归一化的磁化损耗计算超导体线的完全穿透磁场，（d）计算超导体线的临界电流密度，根据 计算完全穿透磁场。 因此，可以在不直接向超导体电线施加电流的情况下测量平行超导体线如堆叠超导线的临界电流密度。

公开(公告)号：US4244801A

公开(公告)日：1981-01-13

申请号：US57434

申请日：1979-07-13

Applicant: Dieter Bergner ,  Winfried Hofmann ,  Helmut Hund ,  Lothar Pelz ,  Gerhard Quietzsch

Inventor： Dieter Bergner ,  Winfried Hofmann ,  Helmut Hund ,  Lothar Pelz ,  Gerhard Quietzsch

IPC: C25B15/02 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01R19/08 ,  G01R19/10 ,  C25B1/16 ,  C25B1/26 ,  C25B15/04

CPC classification number: C25B15/02 ,  G01R19/08 ,  G01R19/10

Abstract: For the indirect measurement of the distribution of the anode currents in electrolytic cells operated with alkali metal chloride according to the amalgam process the cell voltage is determined without unnecessary ohmic connections between the current carrying elements of the cells and other conductive elements thereof.

Abstract translation: 对于根据汞合金工艺，用碱金属氯化物操作的电解池中的阳极电流的分布的间接测量，确定电池电压，而不需要电池的载流元件和其它导电元件之间的不必要的欧姆连接。

公开(公告)号：US4044219A

公开(公告)日：1977-08-23

申请号：US622394

申请日：1975-10-14

Applicant: Vladimir Konstantinovich Lebedev ,  Ivan Alexeevich Chernenko ,  Nikolai Ivanovich Postolaty ,  Sergei Ivanovich Kuchuk-Yatsenko ,  Vladimir Ivanovich Tishura ,  Yakov Borisovich Entin ,  Alexandr Nikolaevich Filippov ,  Evgeny Petrovich Martynov

Inventor： Vladimir Konstantinovich Lebedev ,  Ivan Alexeevich Chernenko ,  Nikolai Ivanovich Postolaty ,  Sergei Ivanovich Kuchuk-Yatsenko ,  Vladimir Ivanovich Tishura ,  Yakov Borisovich Entin ,  Alexandr Nikolaevich Filippov ,  Evgeny Petrovich Martynov

IPC: B23K11/04 ,  G01R19/08 ,  G01R19/10 ,  G01R31/00

CPC classification number: G01R19/10 ,  B23K11/043 ,  G01R19/08 ,  G01R31/00

Abstract: A method for controlling flashing speed during resistance butt welding comprises measuring values of current density for at least two joints between parts being welded, converting them into d-c. voltages, detecting a maximum voltage value, comparing it to a preset d-c. voltage, the resultant difference value being used as flashing speed control parameter. An apparatus for carrying out the method comprises electric circuits whose number is equal to the number of joints being welded. Each circuit comprises a welding transformer and a circuit for conversion of flashing current density into d-c. voltage. A maximum signal detector comprises circuits for conversion of current density into d-c. voltages, whose number is equal to the number of joints being welded. The detector output is connected to the circuit for comparing a current voltage value to the preset one. The apparatus according to the invention may be used mainly for controlling flashing speed during concurrent resistance butt welding of several joints of large and different respective cross-sectional areas.

Abstract translation: 一种控制电阻对接焊接过程中闪电速度的方法包括测量焊接部件之间至少两个接头的电流密度值，将其转换为d-c。 电压，检测最大电压值，将其与预设d-c进行比较。 电压，结果差值被用作闪烁速度控制参数。 用于执行该方法的装置包括数量等于被焊接的接头数量的电路。 每个电路包括焊接变压器和用于将闪电电流密度转换成d-c的电路。 电压。 最大信号检测器包括用于将电流密度转换成d-c的电路。 电压，其数量等于被焊接的接头数量。 检测器输出连接到电路，用于将当前电压值与预设电压值进行比较。 根据本发明的装置可以主要用于控制大且不同截面面积的几个接头的同时电阻对接焊接中的闪光速度。

公开(公告)号：US2795759A

公开(公告)日：1957-06-11

申请号：US25523351

申请日：1951-11-07

Applicant: FOX PROD CO

Inventor： GERARD REZEK

IPC: G01R19/08

CPC classification number: G01R19/08

公开(公告)号：US20180188205A1

公开(公告)日：2018-07-05

申请号：US15690624

申请日：2017-08-30

Applicant: Northwestern University

Inventor： Matthew Grayson ,  Jiajun Luo

IPC: G01N27/72 ,  G01R19/08 ,  G01R15/20 ,  H05K1/11

CPC classification number: G01N27/72 ,  G01R15/202 ,  G01R19/08 ,  G01R31/2648 ,  H05K1/11 ,  H05K2201/032

Abstract: Systems and methods can provide a fast and accurate way to measure conductivity and Hall effect, such that transient conductivities, transient carrier densities or transient mobilities can be measured on millisecond time scales, for example. The systems and methods can also reduce the minimum magnetic field needed to extract carrier density or mobility of a given sample, and reduce the minimum mobility that can be measured with a given magnetic field.

公开(公告)号：US06815117B2

公开(公告)日：2004-11-09

申请号：US10208413

申请日：2002-07-29

Applicant: Karl-Heinz Hauer

Inventor： Karl-Heinz Hauer

IPC: H01M1042

CPC classification number: G01R19/08 ,  G01R31/3606

Abstract: A method for detecting a current density distribution in a fuel cell stack by detecting the magnetic field, which surrounds the fuel cell stack and which is caused by a current flow in the fuel cell stack, is provided. Sensors for an x-component, a y-component and a z-component of the magnetic flux density detect the magnetic flux density at several points outside the fuel cell stack. The position of the sensors for the magnetic flux density is detected in relation to the fuel cell stack. The thus detected values for the magnetic flux density and the allocated position are converted into current density values according to the position in the fuel cell stack by using a Maxwell equation which defines the magnetic field strength and the material equation which relates the magnetic field strength to the magnetic flux density.

公开(公告)号：US20030020454A1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-30

申请号：US10208413

申请日：2002-07-29

Inventor： Karl-Heinz Hauer

IPC: G01R033/02

CPC classification number: G01R19/08 ,  G01R31/3606

Abstract: A method for detecting a current density distribution in a fuel cell stack by detecting the magnetic field, which surrounds the fuel cell stack and which is caused by a current flow in the fuel cell stack, is provided. Sensors for an x-component, a y-component and a z-component of the magnetic flux density detect the magnetic flux density at several points outside the fuel cell stack. The position of the sensors for the magnetic flux density is detected in relation to the fuel cell stack. The thus detected values for the magnetic flux density and the allocated position are converted into current density values according to the position in the fuel cell stack by using a Maxwell equation which defines the magnetic field strength and the material equation which relates the magnetic field strength to the magnetic flux density.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种通过检测包围燃料电池堆并且由燃料电池堆中的电流引起的磁场来检测燃料电池堆中的电流密度分布的方法。 用于x分量，y分量和z分量的磁通密度的传感器检测在燃料电池堆外部的几个点处的磁通密度。 相对于燃料电池堆检测用于磁通密度的传感器的位置。 通过使用定义磁场强度的麦克斯韦方程式和将磁场强度与磁场强度相关联的材料方程式，将这样检测的磁通密度值和分配位置的值转换为根据燃料电池堆中的位置的电流密度值 磁通密度。

公开(公告)号：US4687987A

公开(公告)日：1987-08-18

申请号：US655487

申请日：1984-09-28

Applicant: Moyses Kuchnir ,  Frederick E. Mills

Inventor： Moyses Kuchnir ,  Frederick E. Mills

IPC: G01R19/00 ,  G01R19/08

CPC classification number: G01R19/0061 ,  G01R19/08 ,  Y10S336/01 ,  Y10S505/843

Abstract: A current sensor for measuring the DC component of a beam of charged particles employs a superconducting pick-up loop probe, with twisted superconducting leads in combination with a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) detector. The pick-up probe is in the form of a single-turn loop, or a cylindrical toroid, through which the beam is directed and within which a first magnetic flux is excluded by the Meisner effect. The SQUID detector acts as a flux-to-voltage converter in providing a current to the pick-up loop so as to establish a second magnetic flux within the electrode which nulls out the first magnetic flux. A feedback voltage within the SQUID detector represents the beam current of the particles which transit the pick-up loop. Meisner effect currents prevent changes in the magnetic field within the toroidal pick-up loop and produce a current signal independent of the beam's cross-section and its position within the toroid, while the combination of superconducting elements provides current measurement sensitivites in the nano-ampere range.

Abstract translation: 用于测量带电粒子束的DC分量的电流传感器采用超导拾音环路探针，其中超导引线与超导量子干涉器件（SQUID）检测器结合。 拾音探头采用单圈环或圆柱形环形的形式，光束通过该环形导向，其中Meisner效应排除第一磁通。 SQUID检测器用作向电流回路提供电流的磁通电压转换器，以便在电极内建立第二磁通，使第一磁通无效。 SQUID检测器内的反馈电压表示传递拾波回路的粒子的束流。 Meisner效应电流防止环形拾音环路内的磁场变化，并产生独立于光束横截面的电流信号及其在环形面内的位置，而超导元件的组合可提供纳米安培中的电流测量灵敏度 范围。

公开(公告)号：US3857090A

公开(公告)日：1974-12-24

申请号：US36652273

申请日：1973-06-04

Applicant: NAT RES DEV

Inventor： CHICK D

IPC: G01R19/08 ,  G01R33/028 ,  G01R33/02

CPC classification number: H01J37/3045 ,  G01R19/08 ,  G01R33/028 ,  H01J2237/24507 ,  H01J2237/30472 ,  H01J2237/31749

Abstract: Apparatus for and methods of monitoring the current comprised by a beam of charged particles, for example a focussed ion beam as used for ion implantation of surfaces such as semiconductor circuit substrates, is described. The beam is amplitude modulated and the resultant corresponding modulation of the magnetic field strength of the beam is detected, for example by a toroidal coil, to produce an output signal proportional to the field strength modulation and therefore proportional to the beam current. A plurality, for example four, of said output signals may be derived from positions spaced around the beam to enable any deviation of the beam from the desired path to be determined, and any deviation signal obtained may be used to return the beam to the desired path.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于监测由带电粒子束包括的电流的装置和方法，例如用于诸如半导体电路基板的表面的离子注入所使用的聚焦离子束。 波束被幅度调制，并且例如通过环形线圈来检测波束的磁场强度的相应调制，以产生与场强调制成比例的输出信号，并因此与束电流成比例。 多个（例如四个）所述输出信号可以从围绕光束间隔的位置导出，以使波束与所要求的路径的任何偏离被确定，并且可以使用获得的任何偏差信号将光束返回到期望的 路径。