Abstract:
A method for detecting defects includes directing a scanning beam to a location on a surface of a transparent sample, measuring top and bottom surface specular reflection intensity, and storing coordinate values of the first location and the top and bottom surface specular reflection intensity in a memory. The method may further include comparing the top surface specular reflection intensity measured at each location with a first threshold value, comparing the bottom surface specular reflection intensity measured at each location with a second threshold value, and determining if a defect is present at each location and on which surface the defect is present. The method may further include comparing the top surface specular reflection intensity measured at each location with a first intensity range, comparing the bottom surface specular reflection intensity measured at each location with a second intensity range, and determining on which surface the defect is present.
Abstract:
A via hole is accurately formed in an interlayer insulating film over a metal wiring. Of emission spectra of plasma to be used for dry etching of the interlayer insulating film, the emission intensities of at least CO, CN, and AlF are monitored such that an end point of the dry etching of the interlayer insulating film is detected based on the emission intensities thereof.
Abstract:
A method for controlling a spectrometer for analyzing a product includes steps of: acquiring a measurement representative of the operation of a light source, determining, depending on the measurement, a value of supply current of the light source, and/or a value of integration time of light-sensitive cells of a sensor, disposed on a route of a light beam emitted by the light source and having interacted with a product to be analyzed, and if the integration time and/or supply current value is between threshold values, supplying the light source with a supply current corresponding to the determined supply current value, adjusting the integration time of a light-sensitive cell to the determined integration time value, and acquiring light intensity measurements supplied by the sensor, enabling a spectrum to be formed.
Abstract:
A monitoring system is disclosed, designed to detect the depth of deposition of a substance on a′ surface (12), such as the depth of dust in a ventilation shaft. The monitoring system includes a light source (14) and a sensor (16, 30). The light source is arranged to transmit light across a detection surface and the sensor is on the other side of the detection surface. When a substance, such as dirt or grease, is deposited on the surface it obstructs the light and the amount of light reaching the sensor decreases. A processing means (26) detects the decrease in light and from this the depth of the deposition on the surface can be calculated. Preferably the sensor comprises a CCD array (32), and the substance throws a shadow on the array. The processing means can then determine the depth of the substance from the position on the array of the edge of the shadow. Preferably the monitoring system is placed in a low power ‘sleep’ mode in between intermittent operations for detecting the depth of the substance. In this, way, it can be battery operated and the battery life is preserved.
Abstract:
A monitoring system is disclosed, designed to detect the depth of deposition of a substance on a′ surface (12), such as the depth of dust in a ventilation shaft. The monitoring system includes a light source (14) and a sensor (16, 30). The light source is arranged to transmit light across a detection surface and the sensor is on the other side of the detection surface. When a substance, such as dirt or grease, is deposited on the surface it obstructs the light and the amount of light reaching the sensor decreases. A processing means (26) detects the decrease in light and from this the depth of the deposition on the surface can be calculated. Preferably the sensor comprises a CCD array (32), and the substance throws a shadow on the array. The processing means can then determine the depth of the substance from the position on the array of the edge of the shadow. Preferably the monitoring system is placed in a low power ‘sleep’ mode in between intermittent operations for detecting the depth of the substance. In this, way, it can be battery operated and the battery life is preserved.
Abstract:
A gas analysis system with an FTIR spectrometer preferably utilizes a long path gas cell, a narrow band detector, and an optical filter that narrows the detection region to measure hydrogen sulfide.
Abstract:
A via hole is accurately formed in an interlayer insulating film over a metal wiring. Of emission spectra of plasma to be used for dry etching of the interlayer insulating film, the emission intensities of at least CO, CN, and AlF are monitored such that an end point of the dry etching of the interlayer insulating film is detected based on the emission intensities thereof.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for controlling a spectrometer for analyzing a product, the spectrometer including a light source including several light-emitting diodes having respective emission spectra covering in combination an analysis wavelength band, the method including steps of: supplying at least one of the light-emitting diodes with a supply current to switch it on, measuring a light intensity emitted by the light source by measuring a current at a terminal of at least another of the light-emitting diodes maintained off, determining, according to each light intensity measurement, a setpoint value of the supply current of each diode that is on, and regulating the supply current of each diode that is on so that it corresponds to the setpoint value.
Abstract:
A method for differentiating areas in a series of digital images, the method comprising the steps of: providing a series of images comprising undetermined marker areas; evaluating every image 1n for 1≦n≦N according to predetermined selection criteria and defining image marker areas as undetermined marker areas fulfilling the predetermined selection criteria; providing a new image 1new; and inserting new image marker areas in the new image 1new, said new image marker areas having the same shape and location as image marker areas present in image 1n but not in image 1n−1, and said new image marker areas being identifiable in 1new by a unique feature. Further, the application discloses a method for visualizing cell populations in tissue sections of a histological sample. Further, the application discloses a method for visualizing three-dimensional distribution of multiple cell populations in a histological sample.
Abstract:
A blood analysis apparatus is provided. The blood analysis apparatus includes: a chip holding portion having an aperture which allows light to pass therethrough and holding a μ-TAS chip for holding a measurement liquid; a rotary body on which the chip holding portion is mounted; a light source; and a light-receiving unit. A measurement position of the rotary body at which the measurement liquid is to be measured with the light from the light source is set by: rotating the rotary body to obtain a light value of light which is emitted from the light source and received by the light-receiving unit through the aperture; and setting a rotational position of the rotary body where the light value is a threshold value or more, as the measurement position.