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公开(公告)号：US5511954A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-30
申请号：US494415
申请日：1995-06-26
申请人： Tai-kang Han
发明人： Tai-kang Han
摘要： A water pumping system includes a solar collector assembly having a plurality of solar collectors containing a heat transfer medium therein. A circulating tube is mounted in an insulated housing and communicates with the solar collectors for conveying the heat transfer medium to circulate therethrough such that water received in the insulated housing is evaporated to vapor by means of the heat transfer medium. A receiver is provided for receiving the vapor created in the insulated housing therein. A pressure chamber communicates with the water source for conveying water contained in the water source into the pressure chamber. A conduit communicates between the pressure chamber and the receiver for conveying the vapor received in the receiver into the pressure chamber so as to force water contained in the pressure chamber into the container via a conveying tube.
摘要翻译： 抽水系统包括具有多个在其中包含传热介质的太阳能收集器的太阳能收集器组件。 循环管安装在绝缘壳体中并且与太阳能收集器连通，用于输送传热介质以使其循环通过，使得容纳在绝缘壳体中的水通过传热介质蒸发蒸汽。 提供接收器，用于接收在其中的绝缘壳体中产生的蒸气。 压力室与水源连通，用于将包含在水源中的水输送到压力室中。 导管在压力室和接收器之间连通，用于将容纳在接收器中的蒸气输送到压力室中，以便通过输送管将容纳在压力室中的水压入容器。
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公开(公告)号：US5351488A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-04
申请号：US188844
申请日：1994-01-31
申请人： Wilfred B. Sorensen
发明人： Wilfred B. Sorensen
摘要： A system for coupling a plurality of solar powered bubble pumps in series is described. By controlling the boiling temperature of the circulating fluid contained in the system, the flow of liquid between the units of the series can be balanced and the pressure differential between the first and last units can be used to convert heat energy into kinetic energy by use of an external turbine or electrical generator.
摘要翻译： 描述了串联耦合多个太阳能泡沫泵的系统。 通过控制系统中所含的循环流体的沸腾温度，可以平衡系列单元之间的液体流动，并且可以使用第一和最后单元之间的压差来将热能转换为动能，方法是使用 外部涡轮或发电机。
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公开(公告)号：US4918938A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-24
申请号：US179450
申请日：1988-04-08
摘要： A water heater includes a metallic water tank having a generally vertical orientation in use. A tube for carrying a refrigerant fluid is heat-conductively bonded about the outer surface of the wall of the tank while held under tension. The tube is formed of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion similar to the material of the tank. The tube extends from a position below a cold water inlet at the bottom of the tank to a position approximately 66% of the height of the tank. An evaporator is positioned for exposure to ambient conditions and has a passage for carrying the refrigerant fluid. A compressor is connected to the passage and to the tube to circulate the fluid through the tube and to the evaporator.
摘要翻译： 热水器包括在使用中具有大致垂直取向的金属水箱。 用于承载制冷剂流体的管道在被保持在张力下的同时在罐的壁的外表面上导热地结合。 管由具有类似于罐的材料的热膨胀系数的材料形成。 管从罐底部的冷水入口下方的位置延伸到罐的高度的大约66％的位置。 蒸发器定位用于暴露于环境条件并具有用于承载制冷剂流体的通道。 压缩机连接到通道和管，以使流体通过管和蒸发器循环。
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公开(公告)号：US4552208A
公开(公告)日：1985-11-12
申请号：US275917
申请日：1981-06-22
申请人： Wilfred Sorensen
发明人： Wilfred Sorensen
CPC分类号： F24J2/32 , F24D17/0021 , F24J2/42 , Y02B10/20 , Y02B10/70 , Y02E10/44 , Y10T137/6497
摘要： An apparatus and method for circulating a heat transfer liquid from a heat collector, which is generally but not essentially a solar collector, to a heat exchanger or heat storage means which is located at a level below that of the heat collector without the use of any externally powered pumps. The heat transfer liquid is at least partially vaporized in the steeply sloped collector and the vapor/liquid rises in a series of "slugs" to a condenser located adjacent the top end thereof. The vapor is condensed and the hot liquid is forced downwardly to the heat exchanger by the pressure of the rising slugs of vapor and liquid. After giving up useful heat in the heat exchanger the now cooled liquid is recirculated to the condenser and thence to the collector.
摘要翻译： 一种用于将热传递液体（其通常但不是太阳能集热器）循环到热交换器或蓄热装置的装置和方法，所述热交换器或蓄热装置位于低于集热器的水平面以下，而不使用任何 外部动力泵。 传热液体在陡峭倾斜的收集器中至少部分蒸发，并且蒸气/液体以一系列“s块”的形式升高到位于其顶端附近的冷凝器。 蒸汽被冷凝，热液体被蒸汽和液体的rising the的压力向下压到热交换器。 在热交换器中放弃有用的热量之后，现在冷却的液体被再循环到冷凝器中，然后再循环到集热器。
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公开(公告)号：US4387704A
公开(公告)日：1983-06-14
申请号：US280777
申请日：1981-07-06
申请人： Carl S. Minden
发明人： Carl S. Minden
CPC分类号： F24J2/4623 , F24F5/0046 , F24J2/0433 , F24J2/407 , F24J2/42 , Y02B10/20 , Y02E10/44
摘要： A multi-mode solar heat recovery device for use at an interior surface of a window. The device includes heat conductive plates for heat absorption of sunlight, reflected from corresponding light reflective surfaces. Each heat conductive plate includes heat conductive tubing and carrier fluid to convey the heat from the plate to a point of heat utilization, such as a water heater or space heater. Regulation of the heat recovery device is provided by automatic adjustment of the light reflective surfaces to variable orientations with respect to the incident sunlight and heat conductive plates. This variable orientation permits selection of (i) essentially complete light blockage when adjusted to a closed position, (ii) maximum light reflection to a heat absorbing surface when at an intermediate position and unobstructed transmittance of light when in a fully opened position. The heat recovery device is further adapted with a convection heat collector which may be utilized as a cooling device. The solar heat recovery device and convection heat collector may also be used collectively as part of an overall temperature control system which includes two water storage tanks which permit two temperature level heat recovery and heat utilization. Furthermore, this system can be adapted for full environmental control with an evaporative and radiant cooling system to complement the heat recovery system.
摘要翻译： 一种用于窗户内表面的多模太阳能热回收装置。 该装置包括用于从相应的光反射表面反射的用于太阳光吸收的热导板。 每个导热板包括导热管和载体流体，以将来自板的热量传递到热利用点，例如热水器或空间加热器。 热回收装置的调节通过将光反射表面相对于入射的太阳光和导热板自动调节到可变方向来提供。 这种可变方向允许选择（i）当调节到关闭位置时基本上完全的光阻塞，（ii）当处于中间位置时对于热吸收表面的最大光反射，并且在完全打开位置时光线不受阻碍地透射。 热回收装置还适用于可用作冷却装置的对流集热器。 太阳能热回收装置和对流集热器也可以一起用作整体温度控制系统的一部分，该系统包括两个允许两个温度水平的热回收和热利用的储水箱。 此外，该系统可以通过蒸发和辐射冷却系统来适应全面的环境控制，以补充热回收系统。
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6.发明授权Process and apparatus utilizing common structure for combustion, gas fixation, or waste heat recovery 失效利用燃烧，气体固定或废热回收的共同结构的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4344479A
公开(公告)日：1982-08-17
申请号：US928811
申请日：1978-07-28
申请人： Frank W. Bailey
发明人： Frank W. Bailey
CPC分类号： F28F13/125 , F22B37/06 , F22B7/00 , F23C9/00 , F24H1/22 , F24J2/42 , Y02E10/40 , Y10S165/321
摘要： An enclosure containing rotating blades for mechanical stirring of gaseous fluids may be a heat exchanger, flue gas energy recovery device, gas generator or combustion device. A high rotational stirring velocity increases the convective heat transfer rate, rendering it independent of the lower throughput velocity of primary fluid which can be controlled independently of the stirring speed. Primary fluid is isolated from a secondary fluid by a thermal transfer surface which is continuously swept by the swirling primary fluid and which may be the peripheral wall of the enclosure or a flow tube located proximate the peripheral wall. In one embodiment, swirling is achieved by radially-extending blade assemblies secured to a rotatable shaft at longitudinally spaced locations to establish discrete swirling zones in which fluid recirculates from the shaft outwardly, along the wall, and back toward the shaft. In another embodiment, the blades extend longitudinally, proximate the peripheral wall, from peripheries of horizontal discs which rotate with the shaft. In this embodiment, primary fluid follows a restricted helical path, maintaining continuous contact with the thermal transfer surface, away from the shaft. Either embodiment may be converted to a combustion system by igniting primary fluid in the presence of admitted air. In all embodiments, recirculation of primary fluid condensate, injected water or additive optimizes heat transfer via latent heat of vaporization and dropwise condensation. Blade rotary speed may be varied to commonly or independently control: combustion fuel and air flow; primary fluid flow; and stirring energy.
摘要翻译： 包含用于气态流体的机械搅拌的旋转叶片的外壳可以是热交换器，烟道气能量回收装置，气体发生器或燃烧装置。 高旋转搅拌速度增加了对流传热速率，使其独立于主要流体的较低生产速度，可独立于搅拌速度进行控制。 初级流体通过由旋转的主要流体连续扫过并且可以是外壳的周壁或靠近周壁的流动管连续扫过的热传递表面与次级流体隔离。 在一个实施例中，通过在纵向间隔开的位置处固定到可旋转轴的径向延伸的叶片组件来实现旋转，以建立离散的旋转区域，其中流体从轴向外沿着壁再循环并且朝向轴返回。 在另一个实施例中，叶片从与周围壁相邻的水平盘的周边纵向地延伸，所述水平盘与轴一起旋转。 在该实施例中，初级流体遵循限制的螺旋路径，保持与热传递表面的连续接触远离轴。 任何一个实施例可以通过在存在进入的空气的情况下点燃主要流体而被转换成燃烧系统。 在所有实施例中，主流体冷凝物，注入的水或添加剂的再循环优化通过蒸发潜热和逐滴冷凝的热传递。 叶片旋转速度可以变化以共同或独立地控制：燃烧燃料和空气流动; 初级流体流动; 并搅动能量。
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公开(公告)号：US4166449A
公开(公告)日：1979-09-04
申请号：US852417
申请日：1977-11-17
申请人： Walter L. Depew
发明人： Walter L. Depew
CPC分类号： F24J2/08 , F24J2/42 , F28D20/00 , Y02E10/40 , Y02E60/142
摘要： A heat storage vault in the form of an insulated enclosure having therein a plurality of serpentine pipes each with lengths extending back and forth within the enclosure with the lengths substantially equidistantly spaced both from the closest lengths of the common serpentine pipe and from the closest lengths of the other adjacent pipes, and a heat storage medium filling the enclosure and the space between the serpentine pipes and adapted to receive heat from at least one of the serpentine pipes when a heated fluid is conducted therethrough, store the heat within the heat storage medium, and provide heat to at least one other of the serpentine pipes as a fluid is circulated therethrough.
摘要翻译： 绝热外壳形式的储热库，其中具有多个蛇形管，每个蛇形管的长度在外壳内前后延伸，其长度基本上等距离地与公共蛇形管的最近长度间隔开， 另外相邻的管道以及填充封壳的储热介质和蛇形管之间的空间，并且当加热的流体被传导通过其中时适于从至少一个蛇形管接收热量，将热存储在储热介质内， 并且当流体循环通过其中时，向至少另一个蛇形管提供热量。
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公开(公告)号：US4158354A
公开(公告)日：1979-06-19
申请号：US799234
申请日：1977-05-23
申请人： Peter O. Carden
发明人： Peter O. Carden
IPC分类号： F02G1/043 , F03G6/06 , F24S20/20 , F24S23/00 , F24S23/71 , F24S90/00 , G01S3/786 , F25D5/00 , F24J3/02
CPC分类号： F24J2/12 , F02G1/043 , F03G6/06 , F24J2/06 , F24J2/07 , F24J2/42 , G01S3/7861 , F02G2254/30 , Y02E10/41 , Y02E10/42 , Y02E10/44 , Y02E10/46 , Y02E10/47
摘要： A solar energy collection system utilizing a fluid which dissociates endothermically and recombines exothermically is described. The preferred fluid is ammonia. Solar radiation is focussed onto absorber-reaction vessels from many paraboloidal mirrors. Means for electronically controlling the orientation of the mirrors is described. The mirrors may close together to reduce the effects of adverse climatic conditions.
摘要翻译： 描述了利用吸热解离并且放热重组的流体的太阳能收集系统。 优选的流体是氨。 太阳辐射聚焦在许多抛物面反射镜的吸收反应容器上。 描述用于电子控制反射镜的取向的装置。 镜子可以靠近在一起，以减少不利的气候条件的影响。
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公开(公告)号：US4127453A
公开(公告)日：1978-11-28
申请号：US545133
申请日：1975-01-29
申请人： Reinhart Radebold
发明人： Reinhart Radebold
CPC分类号： F24J2/4647 , F24J2/125 , F24J2/42 , F24J2/523 , H02K44/08 , H02K44/085 , Y02E10/42 , Y02E10/47
摘要： Solar energy (called exergy to the extent it is thermodynamically useful) is focussed by an inflated, buyont reflector for heating lithium circulating through an MHD conversion system. Hydrogen and nitrogen are added to the heated lithium, finely divided iron serving as catalyst to obtain lithium amid. The hydrogen has been produced by electrolysis of water. The lithium-lithium amid mixture (liquid) is mixed with pressurized nitrogen to obtain a two phase flow in which the liquid is accelerated; focussed into a jet passing through the MHD converter to obtain hydrazine and additional electrical energy e.g. for the hydrogen electrolysis; and returned to the solar heater. The gas (N.sub.2) is separated; subjected to recuperative heat exchange with itself; and low temperature isothermic compression under direct contact with a liquid which in turn is, ultimately, air cooled. The entire assembly is of elongated construction wherein the main active elements are arranged along a center axis e.g. as part of a central tubing surrounded by smaller tubing which section-wise runs various fluids to their appropriate destinations while serving as support frame. The entire process runs on the basis of self-sustaining fluid circulations without moving parts; the thermo and hydrodynamics as well as the electromagnetic interactions are explained and mathematically analyzed. The use of hydrazine as universal fuel is explained on the basis of compatibility with the biosphere. Alternative modes of hydrazine synthesis including using nuclear reaction as primary heat source is discussed.
摘要翻译： 太阳能（在热力学上被称为热能）用于加热循环通过MHD转换系统的锂的充气式反射器。 将氢和氮加入到用作催化剂的加热的锂，细碎的铁中以获得氨基锂。 氢气是通过电解水生产的。 将混合物（液体）中的锂 - 锂混合物与加压氮气混合以获得加速液体的两相流动; 聚焦到穿过MHD转换器的射流中，以获得肼和额外的电能，例如， 用于氢电解; 并返回太阳能加热器。 气体（N2）被分离; 与其自身进行回热换热; 以及与液体直接接触的低温等温压缩，而液体最后通过空气冷却。 整个组件具有细长结构，其中主要有源元件沿着中心轴线布置。 作为由更小的管道围绕的中心管道的一部分，其在用作支撑框架的同时将各种流体分段运行到其适当的目的地。 整个过程基于自动维持流体循环而不移动部件; 热力学和流体力学以及电磁相互作用被解释和数学分析。 基于与生物圈的兼容性来解释使用肼作为通用燃料。 讨论了使用核反应作为主要热源的肼合成的替代方式。
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公开(公告)号：US4094717A
公开(公告)日：1978-06-13
申请号：US764146
申请日：1977-01-31
申请人： Irwin R. Barr
发明人： Irwin R. Barr
CPC分类号： F24J2/0488 , F24J2/0494 , F24J2/23 , F24J2/42 , F24J2/50 , Y02E10/44 , Y10T156/1003 , Y10T428/24149
摘要： A structural solar energy collection and transfer arrangement and method, and method of assembly, including an insulating light-transmitting honeycomb sandwich array and a lateral fluid flow solar energy collection and heat transfer honeycomb sandwich array, the lateral fluid flow honeycomb sandwich array having dark, preferably non-gloss or dull surfaced, honeycomb walls and bottom surface for solar energy absorption and transfer to a fluid, preferably a liquid, passed laterally through fluid passageway openings formed in the honeycomb walls. Solar energy is absorbed and transferred to a flowing fluid, by passing solar light rays through the insulating honeycomb sandwich array and into contact with the dark walls and base of the facially interconnected heat transfer honeycomb sandwich array, and passing the heat transfer fluid through the lateral openings formed in the honeycomb cell walls and thereby flowing such fluid through adjacent honeycomb cells. In a preferred method of assembly when using metal honeycomb in one or both of the honeycomb arrays, an insulating single layer or multilayer bead is preferably formed on the edges of one or both sides of the honeycomb of the insulating honeycomb sandwich array and on the upper or outer facing edges of the honeycomb of the heat transfer honeycomb sandwich array, and such beaded edges are in turn secured, as by adhesive, to a respective light-transmitting panel sheet or plate.
摘要翻译： 一种结构太阳能收集和传送装置和方法，以及组装方法，包括绝缘透光蜂窝夹层阵列和侧向流体流动太阳能收集和传热蜂窝夹层阵列，侧流体流动蜂窝夹层阵列具有黑暗， 优选非光泽或钝的表面的蜂窝壁和底表面用于太阳能吸收并转移到横向通过形成在蜂窝壁中的流体通道开口的流体，优选液体。 太阳能被吸收并转移到流动的流体中，通过使太阳光线穿过绝缘蜂窝状夹层板阵列并与表面互连的传热蜂窝状夹层板阵列的暗壁和底座接触，并将传热流体通过侧向 在蜂窝状细胞壁中形成的开口，从而使这种流体流过相邻的蜂窝状细胞。 在一种或多种蜂窝状阵列中使用金属蜂窝体的优选的组装方法中，优选在绝缘蜂窝状夹层排列体的蜂窝体的一侧或两侧的边缘上形成绝缘单层或多层珠，并且在上层 或传热蜂窝夹层板的蜂窝体的外侧边缘，并且这种串珠边缘又通过粘合剂固定到相应的透光面板片或板。
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