摘要:
A high-strength air-hardenable multiphase steel having minimal tensile strengths in a non air hardened state of 750 MPa and excellent processing properties, said steel comprising the following elements in % by weight: C≥0.075 to ≤0.115; Si≥0.200 to ≤0.300; Mn≥1.700 to ≤2.300; Cr≥0.280 to ≤0.4800; Al≥0.020 to ≤0.060; N≥0.0020 to ≤0.0120; S≤0.0050; Nb≥0.005 to ≤0.050; Ti≥0.005 to ≤0.050; B≥0.0005 to ≤0.0060; Ca≥0.0005 to ≤0.0060; Cu≤0.050; Ni≤0.050; remainder iron, including usual steel accompanying smelting related impurities, wherein for a widest possible process window during continuous annealing of hot rolled or cold rolled strips made from the steel a sum content of M+Si+Cr in the steel is a function of a thickness of the steel strips according to the following relationship: for strip thicknesses of up to 1.00 mm the sum content of M+Si+Cr is ≥2.350 and ≤2.500%, for strip thicknesses of over 1.00 to 2.00 mm the sum of Mn+Si+Cr is ≥2.500 and ≤2.950%, and for strip thicknesses of over 2.00 mm the sum of Mn+Si+Cr is ≥2.950 and ≤3.250%.
摘要:
An austenitic stainless steel according to the present invention has a chemical composition containing, by mass %: C: 0.01 to 0.15%; Si: 2.0% or less; Mn: 3.0% or less; Cr: 10.0 to 20.0%; Ni: 5.0 to 13.0%; N: 0.01 to 0.30%; Nb: 0 to 0.5%; Ti: 0 to 0.5%; and V: 0 to 0.5%, with the balance: Fe and impurities, wherein an average grain size is 10.0 μm or less, a difference in value of an average lattice constant dAve. (={dγ(111)×Iγ(111)+dγ(200)×Iγ(200)+dγ(220)×Iγ(220)+dγ(311)×Iγ(311)}/{Iγ(111)+Iγ(200)+Iγ(220)+Iγ(311}) of an austenite phase between a surface portion and a center portion is 0.010 Å or more, and a value of a diffraction peak integrated intensity ratio r (=100×ΣIγ/ΣIALL) at a surface is 95% or more.
摘要:
A hot-dip galvanized steel sheet having a good appearance and good adhesion to a coating, the hot-dip galvanized steel sheet having a composition including, on a mass basis: C: 0.20% to 0.50%, Si: 0.1% to 3.0%, Mn: 0.5% to 3.0%, P: 0.001% to 0.10%, Al: 0.01% to 3.00%, and S: 0.200% or less, a remainder being Fe and incidental impurities, wherein the hot-dip galvanized steel sheet includes an internal oxidation layer and a decarburized layer, the internal oxidation layer having a thickness of 4 μm or less, the decarburized layer having a thickness of 16 μm or less, and 50% or more by area of the internal oxidation layer is composed of a Si oxide containing Fe and/or Mn represented by Fe2XMn2-2XSiOY, wherein X ranges from 0 to 1, and Y is 3 or 4.
摘要:
Equipment and a method for preheating a continuously moving steel strip, in particular before feeding the same into a continuous annealing or hot-dip galvanizing furnace, involves the continuous movement of the steel strip in a preheating chamber including a preheating circuit having at least one preheating tube, the inner surface of which is in contact with externally-recovered burnt gases (e.g. from the furnace). A portion of the outer surface of the preheating tube is disposed directly opposite a surface of the strip in order to provide a first preheating mode by irradiating heat onto the strip and the walls of the chamber, and a second preheating mode, mainly by convection, of a gas constituting a controlled atmosphere in the preheating chamber.
摘要:
An industrial furnace for heating products such as steel products includes a thermally insulated enclosure, a plurality of burners arranged in the enclosure for heating products passing from one end of the enclosure to the other, the burners being distributed over a plurality of temperature-regulated heating areas, and a recovery system designed for recovering heat energy from recovery fumes, The recovery system includes a rotary regenerator associated with each heating area, each of the rotary regenerators being configured to receive a predetermined flow rate of recovery fumes via a first duct, receive a predetermined flow rate of supply air via a second duct, preheat the supply air in order to supply the burners of the associated heating area with a predetermined flow rate of preheated combustion air via a third duct, and discharge exhaust fumes via a fourth duct.
摘要:
A steel sheet contains, by mass %, 0.03% to 0.35% C, 0.01% to 0.50% Si, 3.6% to 8.0% Mn, 0.01% to 1.0% Al, 0.10% or less P, and 0.010% or less S, the remainder being Fe and inevitable impurities. The steel sheet is continuously annealed, heated at a heating rate of 7° C./s or more in a temperature range corresponding to an annealing furnace inside temperature of 450° C. to A° C. (where 500≦A≦600), the maximum end-point temperature of the steel sheet in an annealing furnace is 600° C. to 700° C., the transit time of the steel sheet in a temperature range corresponding to a steel sheet temperature of 600° C. to 700° C. is 30 seconds to 10 minutes, and the concentration of hydrogen in an atmosphere is 20% by volume or more in a heating step.
摘要:
The invention provides a high strength steel sheet which exhibits excellent chemical convertibility and corrosion resistance after electrodeposition coating even in the case where the steel sheet has a high Si content, and a method for manufacturing such steel sheets. The method includes continuous annealing of a steel sheet which includes, in terms of mass %, C at 0.01 to 0.18%, Si at 0.4 to 2.0%, Mn at 1.0 to 3.0%, Al at 0.001 to 1.0%, P at 0.005 to 0.060% and S at ≦0.01%, the balance being represented by Fe and inevitable impurities, while controlling the dew-point temperature of the atmosphere to become not more than −40° C. when the annealing furnace inside temperature is in the range of not less than 750° C.
摘要:
Provided is a method for manufacturing a high-strength galvanized steel sheet, made from a steel sheet containing Si and/or Mn, having excellent exfoliation resistance during heavy machining. When a steel sheet containing 0.01% to 0.18% C, 0.02% to 2.0% Si, 1.0% to 3.0% Mn, 0.001% to 1.0% Al, 0.005% to 0.060% P, and 0.01% or less S on a mass basis, the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities, is annealed and galvanized in a continuous galvanizing line, a temperature region with a furnace temperature of A° C. to B° C. (600≦A≦780 and 800≦B≦900) is performed at an atmosphere dew-point temperature of −5° C. or higher in a heating process.
摘要:
A high-strength galvanized steel sheet whose base steel is a high-strength steel sheet contains Si, Mn, and B and has good coating adhesiveness. A base steel sheet containing Si, Mn, and B is oxidized at a heating temperature of steel sheet T that satisfies the formula, and then subjected to reduction-annealing and galvanizing T≧58.65×[Si]+29440×[B]−13.59×[O2]+548.1 [Si]: amount of Si in the steel on a mass percent basis [B]: amount of B in the steel on a mass percent basis [O2]: O2 concentration on a volume percent basis in an atmosphere at oxidizing treatment.
摘要:
A method and apparatus are provided for making a metal product with improved surface characteristics. The method provides for treating the metal product through a method including: heating the metal product; exposing the outer surface of the metal product to a controlled environment; and oxidising the outer surface of the metal product. The heating may take the metal product to an elevated temperature, the elevated temperature of the metal product being at least 725° C. The method further includes a controlled environment around the metal product which is controlled with respect to the atmosphere around the metal product, and in particular the nitrogen and/or oxygen and/or hydrogen content thereof. The result is a more consistent surface for elongate metal products, having a more consistent colour to the surface, a more durable and hard wearing surface and/or a surface which is not prone to flaking.