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公开(公告)号:US20120059205A1
公开(公告)日:2012-03-08
申请号:US13217411
申请日:2011-08-25
申请人: John J. Rusek
发明人: John J. Rusek
IPC分类号: C10L1/04
CPC分类号: C10L1/02 , B01J21/08 , B01J23/20 , B01J37/03 , C07C1/2074 , C07C4/10 , C07C5/03 , C07C5/08 , C07C2523/20 , C07C2523/22 , C10G3/44 , C10G3/50 , C10G45/32 , C10G2300/1014 , C10G2300/1018 , C10G2300/4006 , C10G2300/4012 , C10G2300/4018 , C10G2400/02 , C10G2400/04 , C10G2400/08 , C10L1/023 , C10L1/04 , C10L1/08 , C10L1/1608 , C10L1/1824 , C12P7/16 , C12P7/36 , C12P2203/00 , Y02E50/10 , Y02E50/13 , Y02E50/343 , Y02P30/20 , Y02T50/678 , C07C15/02 , C07C11/21 , C07C11/28 , C07C11/22 , C07C9/18
摘要: A method of producing from a biomass mesitylene-isopentane fuel is provided. A biomass may be fermented to form acetone. The acetone is converted in a catalytic reactor to mesitylene and mesityl oxide. The mesitylene is separated in a phase separator and the organic face containing mesityl oxide is sent to a dehydration reactor, then to a demethylation reactor, and finally to a hydrogenation reactor from which isopentane is recovered. This isopentane is then mixed with the mesitylene to form the final mesitylene-isopentane fuel. The catalytic reaction with acetone employs catalysts of either niobium, vanadium or tantalum.
摘要翻译: 提供了从生物量均三甲基 - 异戊烷燃料生产的方法。 生物质可以被发酵以形成丙酮。 丙酮在催化反应器中转化为均三甲苯和均三甲苯。 将均三甲苯在相分离器中分离,将含有三甲氧基的有机面送入脱水反应器,然后送至去甲基化反应器,最后送入回收异戊烷的氢化反应器中。 然后将该异戊烷与均三甲苯混合以形成最终的均三甲基 - 异戊烷燃料。 与丙酮的催化反应使用铌,钒或钽的催化剂。
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公开(公告)号:US20110244357A1
公开(公告)日:2011-10-06
申请号:US13133594
申请日:2010-08-27
申请人: John J. Rusek , Donald Bower , Richard Meyer , Mark L. Daroux , Wanjung Fang
发明人: John J. Rusek , Donald Bower , Richard Meyer , Mark L. Daroux , Wanjung Fang
CPC分类号: H01B1/04 , H01M4/9008 , H01M4/9083 , H01M2008/1095
摘要: An electrocatalyst composition comprising one or more electrically conductive particles of one or more of carbon black, activated carbon, and graphite with one or more catalysts of a macrocycle and a metal adhered and/or bonded to the outer surface of the particles. The catalyst can be comprised, for example, of one or more of acetylacetonate and phthalocyanine and a metal. The metal component used in the electrocatalyst composition is comprised of one or more of iron, nickel, zinc, scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, copper, platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, osmium, iridum, platinum and gold. An ionic transfer membrane having a layer of the electrocatalyst thereon is disposed in a fuel cell in communication with and between current collectors.
摘要翻译: 一种电催化剂组合物,其包含一种或多种碳黑,活性炭和石墨中的一种或多种的导电颗粒,所述颗粒具有一个或多个大环的催化剂和附着和/或结合到所述颗粒的外表面的金属。 催化剂可以包括例如乙酰丙酮化合物和酞菁中的一种或多种和金属。 用于电催化剂组合物中的金属组分由铁,镍,锌,钪,钛,钒,铬,铜,铂,钌,铑,钯,银,锇,铱,铂和金中的一种或多种组成。 具有其上的电催化剂层的离子转移膜设置在与集电体之间连通和集流器之间的燃料电池中。
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公开(公告)号:US20100268005A1
公开(公告)日:2010-10-21
申请号:US12717480
申请日:2010-03-04
IPC分类号: C07C1/00
CPC分类号: C12P5/005 , C07C1/2074 , C07C2521/04 , C07C2521/08 , C07C2523/20 , C07C2527/25 , C10L1/02 , C10L1/023 , C10L1/04 , C10L1/06 , C10L1/1824 , C12P5/02 , C12P7/16 , C12P7/36 , Y02E50/10 , Y02E50/343 , Y02T50/678 , C07C9/18 , C07C15/02
摘要: The present invention provides non-petroleum high-octane fuel derived from biomass sources, and a method of producing same. The method of production involves reducing the biomass feedstocks to sugars, fermenting the sugars using microorganisms or mutagens thereof to produce ethanol or acetic acid, converting the acetic acid or ethanol to acetone, and converting the acetone to mesitylene and isopentane, the major components of the renewable engine fuel. Trimerization of acetone can be carried out in the presence of a catalyst containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of niobium, iron and manganese. The ethanol can be converted to mesitylene in a dehydration reaction in the presence of a catalyst of zinc oxide/calcium oxide, and unreacted ethanol and water separated from mesitylene by distillation. These ethanol-based, biomass-derived fuels are fully renewable, may be formulated to have a wide range of octane values and energy, and may effectively be used to replace 100 LL aviation fuel (known as AvGas), as well as high-octane, rocket, diesel, turbine engine fuels, as well as two-cycle, spark-ignited engine fuels.
摘要翻译: 本发明提供从生物质源得到的非石油高辛烷值燃料及其生产方法。 生产方法包括将生物质原料还原成糖,使用微生物或其诱变剂发酵糖以产生乙醇或乙酸,将乙酸或乙醇转化为丙酮,并将丙酮转化为均三甲苯和异戊烷,其主要成分为 可再生发动机燃料。 丙酮的三体化可以在含有选自铌,铁和锰的至少一种金属的催化剂的存在下进行。 在氧化锌/氧化钙催化剂的存在下,乙醇可以在脱水反应中转化为均三甲苯,通过蒸馏从未萃取的乙醇和水分离均三甲苯。 这些基于乙醇的生物质衍生的燃料是完全可再生的,可以配制成具有广泛的辛烷值和能量,并且可以有效地用于替代100LL航空燃料(称为AvGas)以及高辛烷值 火箭,柴油,涡轮发动机燃料,以及双循环火花发动机燃料。
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公开(公告)号:US20050058572A1
公开(公告)日:2005-03-17
申请号:US10660631
申请日:2003-09-12
申请人: Timothee Pourpoint
发明人: Timothee Pourpoint
CPC分类号: G01N33/2829 , C06B47/02
摘要: A hypergolic fuel analytical device is provided for testing the reactive characteristics of hypergolic substances. An oxidizer and a reactive fuel/substance are atomized and mixed under pressurized gas force, and the reaction characteristics thereof measured for analysis. The hypergolic fuel analytical device comprises a compressed inert gas supply means; a first valve flowably connected to the inert gas means; a reservoir flowably connected to the first valve; a second valve flowably connected to the reservoir; a switching means conductively connected to the first valve and the second valve; a gas conduction means connected to the second valve, the gas conduction means having a first gas lead and a second gas lead; an oxidizer atomization means connected to the first gas lead; a fuel atomization means connected to the second gas lead; an oxidizer supply means flowably connected to the oxidizer atomization means; and a fuel supply means flowably connected to the fuel atomization means, wherein fuel is fed from the fuel supply means into said fuel atomization means, oxidizer is fed from the oxidizer supply means into said oxidizer atomization means, the switching means activates the first valve so as to open said first valve and fill the reservoir with compressed inert gas, and the switching means then activates the second valve so as to open same and thus feed compressed inert gas from the second valve to the oxidizer atomization means and the fuel atomization means via the first gas lead and the second gas lead.
摘要翻译: 提供了一种高效燃料分析装置,用于测试高脂物质的反应特性。 将氧化剂和反应性燃料/物质在加压气体力下雾化和混合,并测量其反应特性用于分析。 所述高压燃料分析装置包括压缩惰性气体供给装置; 可流动地连接到惰性气体装置的第一阀; 可流动地连接到第一阀的储存器; 可流动地连接到储存器的第二阀; 与第一阀和第二阀导通地连接的切换装置; 连接到第二阀的气体传导装置,气体传导装置具有第一气体引线和第二气体引线; 连接到第一气体引线的氧化剂雾化装置; 连接到第二气体引线的燃料雾化装置; 氧化剂供给装置,其可流动地连接到所述氧化剂雾化装置; 以及燃料供给装置,其可流动地连接到所述燃料雾化装置,其中燃料从所述燃料供给装置供给到所述燃料雾化装置中,所述氧化剂从所述氧化剂供给装置进料到所述氧化剂雾化装置中,所述切换装置使所述第一阀门 为了打开所述第一阀并用压缩的惰性气体填充储存器,然后开关装置启动第二阀以便打开它,从而将压缩的惰性气体从第二阀送到氧化剂雾化装置和燃料雾化装置,经由 第一个气体导线和第二个气体导线。
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公开(公告)号:US20050022911A1
公开(公告)日:2005-02-03
申请号:US10712534
申请日:2003-11-14
申请人: John Rusek , Kenneth Palmer , Donald Bower
发明人: John Rusek , Kenneth Palmer , Donald Bower
摘要: The present invention provides a liquid hypergolic propellant. In particular, a liquid hypergolic propellant is provided, containing reactive metals and/or reactive metal salts, and one or more liquid fuels, which is hypergolic when combined with an oxidizer. In addition, a sensitizer and gelling agent may be added. The reactive metals and/or reactive metal salts are defined by Formula I as follows: AxMyHz I. wherein A is one or more of any of Li, Na, and K; M is one or more of any of B, C, and Al; H is H; x is 0-3, y is 0 or greater, and z is 0 or greater, and wherein when x is 0, y is 1, and when y is 0, x is 1. The fuels are defined by the following Formula II as follows: CxHyOzNv II. wherein x is 0-8, y is 1-18, z is 0-4, and v is 0-5, and wherein when x is 0, v is 1 or greater.
摘要翻译: 本发明提供了一种液体充型推进剂。 特别地,提供含有反应性金属和/或反应性金属盐的一种或多种液体燃料,当与氧化剂组合时,该液体燃料是高效的。 此外,可以加入敏化剂和胶凝剂。 反应性金属和/或反应性金属盐由式I定义如下:AxMyHz I.其中A是Li,Na和K中的一种或多种; M是B,C和Al中的一种或多种; H为H; x为0-3,y为0或更大,z为0或更大,并且其中当x为0时,y为1,当y为0时,x为1.燃料由下式II定义为 如下:CxHyOzNv II。 其中x为0-8,y为1-18,z为0-4,v为0-5,而当x为0时,v为1或更大。
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公开(公告)号:US20050175878A1
公开(公告)日:2005-08-11
申请号:US11074536
申请日:2005-03-08
申请人: John Rusek
发明人: John Rusek
CPC分类号: H01M4/8605 , H01M4/9008 , H01M4/921 , H01M8/04186 , H01M8/065 , H01M8/08 , H01M8/1009 , Y02P70/56
摘要: A direct hydrogen peroxide fuel cell for stable and efficient production of electric current by direct reduction of hydrogen peroxide via a cathode comprising a metal phthalocyanine electrocatalyst, coupled with oxidation of fuel by means of ion transfer across an ion-conducting polymer electrolyte, is provided. In addition, a hydrogen peroxide concentration meter is provided, which may be utilized, for example, for measuring the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in solutions that may contain strong electrolytes or in automated systems such as those to be used with the present fuel cell.
摘要翻译: 提供了一种直接过氧化氢燃料电池,用于通过包含金属酞菁电催化剂的阴极直接还原过氧化氢以及通过离子传导聚合物电解质的离子转移加上燃料的氧化来稳定和有效地产生电流。 此外,提供了一种过氧化氢浓度计,其可以用于例如用于测量可能含有强电解质的溶液中的过氧化氢浓度,或者用于与本燃料电池一起使用的自动化系统中的过氧化氢浓度。
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公开(公告)号:US20100298615A1
公开(公告)日:2010-11-25
申请号:US12788010
申请日:2010-05-26
IPC分类号: C10L1/16
CPC分类号: C10L1/08 , C10L1/02 , C10L1/023 , C10L1/04 , C10L1/1608 , C10L1/1824 , C12P7/16 , C12P7/36 , Y02E50/10 , Y02E50/13 , Y02T50/678
摘要: The present invention provides fully renewable turbine and diesel fuels derived completely from biomass sources. In one embodiment the fully renewable turbine fuel is comprised of mesitylene and at least one alkane. Preferably, the turbine fuel comprises from about 50 to 99 wt % mesitylene and from about 1 to 50 wt % of at least one alkane. In another embodiment the diesel fuel comprises mesitylene, octadecane, and optionally octane or nonane. Preferably, the diesel fuel comprises from about 50 to 99 wt % mesitylene, and from about 1 to 50 wt % octadecane. These biomass derived fuels may be formulated to have a wide range of cetane values and differing freezing and boiling points.
摘要翻译: 本发明提供完全来自生物质源的完全可再生的涡轮机和柴油燃料。 在一个实施方案中,完全可再生的涡轮机燃料由均三甲苯和至少一种烷烃组成。 优选地,涡轮机燃料包含约50至99重量%的均三甲苯和约1至50重量%的至少一种烷烃。 在另一个实施方案中,柴油燃料包括均三甲苯,十八烷和任选的辛烷或壬烷。 优选地,柴油燃料包含约50至99重量%的均三甲苯和约1至50重量%的十八烷。 这些生物质衍生的燃料可以配制成具有宽范围的十六烷值和不同的冷冻和沸点。
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公开(公告)号:US20080244961A1
公开(公告)日:2008-10-09
申请号:US12139428
申请日:2008-06-13
IPC分类号: C10L1/18
CPC分类号: C12P7/36 , C07C1/2074 , C10L1/02 , C10L1/023 , C10L1/04 , C10L1/1824 , C12P7/16 , Y02E50/10 , Y02T50/678 , C07C15/02 , C07C9/18
摘要: The present invention provides fully renewable engine fuels derived completely from biomass sources. In one embodiment the fully renewable engine fuel is comprised of one or more low carbon number esters, one or more pentosan-derivable furans, one or more aromatic hydrocarbon, one or more C4-C10 straight chain alkanes derivable from polysaccharides, and one or more bio-oils. In addition, the fuel may contain triethanolamine. Such a lower octane renewable fuel may be utilized, for example, in automobile fuel, 100 LL aviation fuel applications, and turbine engine applications. These ethanol-based, fully renewable fuels may be formulated to have a wide range of octane values and energy, and may effectively be used to replace 100 LL aviation fuel (known as AvGas), as well as high octane, rocket, diesel, and turbine engine fuels. In another embodiment, there is provided a synthetic high octane aviation fuel comprising isopentane and mesitylene, and process of producing same from a biomass.
摘要翻译: 本发明提供完全从生物质源得到的完全可再生的发动机燃料。 在一个实施方案中,完全可再生的发动机燃料由一种或多种低碳数酯,一种或多种戊聚糖衍生的呋喃,一种或多种芳族烃,一种或多种C 4 -C 可从多糖衍生的10个直链烷烃和一种或多种生物油。 此外,燃料可以含有三乙醇胺。 这种低辛烷值的可再生燃料可以用于例如汽车燃料,100LL航空燃料应用和涡轮发动机应用中。 这些基于乙醇的完全可再生燃料可以被配制成具有广泛的辛烷值和能量,并且可以有效地用于替代100LL航空燃料(称为AvGas),以及高辛烷值,火箭,柴油和 涡轮发动机燃料。 在另一个实施方案中,提供了包含异戊烷和均三甲苯的合成高辛烷值航空燃料及其生物质生产方法。
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公开(公告)号:US07344799B2
公开(公告)日:2008-03-18
申请号:US11074536
申请日:2005-03-08
申请人: John Rusek
发明人: John Rusek
CPC分类号: H01M4/8605 , H01M4/9008 , H01M4/921 , H01M8/04186 , H01M8/065 , H01M8/08 , H01M8/1009 , Y02P70/56
摘要: A direct hydrogen peroxide fuel cell for stable and efficient production of electric current by direct reduction of hydrogen peroxide via a cathode comprising a metal phthalocyanine electrocatalyst, coupled with oxidation of fuel by means of ion transfer across an ion-conducting polymer electrolyte, is provided. In addition, a hydrogen peroxide concentration meter is provided, which may be utilized, for example, for measuring the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in solutions that may contain strong electrolytes or in automated systems such as those to be used with the present fuel cell.
摘要翻译: 提供了一种直接过氧化氢燃料电池,用于通过包含金属酞菁电催化剂的阴极直接还原过氧化氢以及通过离子传导聚合物电解质的离子转移加上燃料的氧化来稳定和有效地产生电流。 此外,提供了一种过氧化氢浓度计,其可以用于例如用于测量可能含有强电解质的溶液中的过氧化氢浓度,或者用于与本燃料电池一起使用的自动化系统中的过氧化氢浓度。
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公开(公告)号:US06886579B2
公开(公告)日:2005-05-03
申请号:US10376300
申请日:2003-03-03
申请人: William Stein , Don Bower
发明人: William Stein , Don Bower
CPC分类号: F16K17/36 , F16K24/04 , Y10T137/0777 , Y10T137/0874 , Y10T137/1692 , Y10T137/87378
摘要: A vent cap is provided for releasing gas from containers, while preventing spillage of the contents therein when the container is tipped from a vertical position. The vent cap has a ball bearing mounted in a ball bearing containment chamber on the top thereof which, when the container is in an upright vertical position, allows release of gases from the container but, when the container is tipped, allows a piston disposed within the vent cap to close off gas release ducts formed in the vent cap, thus effectively preventing spillage of the containers contents.
摘要翻译: 提供通气盖用于从容器释放气体,同时防止当容器从垂直位置倾斜时内容物溢出。 排气盖具有安装在其顶部的球轴承容纳室中的滚珠轴承,当容器处于垂直垂直位置时,允许从容器释放气体,但是当容器倾倒时,允许将活塞置于内部 通气盖关闭形成在排气盖中的气体释放管,从而有效地防止容器内容物溢出。
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