摘要:
The present disclosure relates to a rocket propellant composition comprising (a) a liquid oxygen; and (b) a hydrocarbon mixture comprising: (i) a hydrogen content from about 14.0 mass % to about 16.0 mass %, by mass of the hydrocarbon mixture; (ii) a kinematic viscosity of from about 5 mm2/s to about 8 mm2/s at a temperature ranging from about −35° C. to about −33° C.; and (iii) a sulfur content of from about 0 ppm to about 0.1 ppm, by mass of 0 the hydrocarbon mixture.
摘要:
A method for the degassing of hypergolic propellants includes introducing hypergolic propellant into a vacuum-tight vessel, cooling the vacuum-tight vessel containing the hypergolic propellant, and applying a pressure that is reduced as compared to the atmospheric pressure to the hypergolic propellant.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a reactor for the decomposition of ammonium dinitramide-based liquid monopropellants into hot, combustible gases for combustion in a combustion chamber, and more particularly a rocket engine or thruster comprising such reactor and a combustion chamber. The invention also relates to a process for the decompostion of ammonium dinitramide-based liquid monopropellants.
摘要:
Hypergolic fuel propulsion systems contain a fuel composition and an oxidizer composition. The fuel composition contains an azide compound that has at least one tertiary nitrogen and at least one azide functional group, as well as a catalyst that contains at least one transition metal compound. The fuel composition optionally further contains a hydrocarbon fuel. The oxidizer composition contains hydrogen peroxide. The transition metal catalyst is preferably selected from the group consisting of compounds of cobalt and manganese. The invention provides a method for propelling a vehicle by providing a fuel mixture that spontaneously ignites with the oxidizer composition in an engine to provide thrust.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for igniting a pyrotechnic gas generator, or inflator, such as those used in automotive airbag systems is disclosed. The ignition system uses a flammable gas to ignite the pyrotechnic gas generant. The flammable gas can be stored either throughout interior free space in the inflator or it can be maintained in a separate sealed container either separately or jointly with the pyrotechnic gas generant. The method and apparatus offer both cost savings and a reduction in delay time over conventional pyrotechnic ignition systems.
摘要:
This inflator of this invention includes a casing with a chamber containing an oxidizer gas. An exit port is located at one end of the casing which is closed by a burst disk. An exit tube extends into the chamber from the exit port to provide an orderly path for generated gases to leave the chamber. A fuel cell holding a liquid fuel is located at another end of the casing. A piston is driven in the fuel cell by gases from an igniter to drive the liquid fuel into the chamber. An igniter channel interconnects a region containing hot gases from the igniter to a region in the chamber where the liquid fuel and the oxidizer gas are mixed together. An injector tube conveys the fuel from a discharge end of the liquid fuel cell to a combustion region adjacent the igniter channel.
摘要:
A method for accelerating a vehicle in the atmosphere, space or aerospace includes the steps of supplying a propellant having silicone hydride compounds into a combustion chamber, compressing air and delivering compressed air into a ring formed with a plurality of circumferential orifices which open into the combustion chamber, reaching thereby temperatures of about 3000.degree. C., cracking nitrogen molecules present in the air at the temperature which attack the silicon atoms to generate great mass.
摘要:
A gas generator for a vehicular air bag. A capsular enclosure forms a reaction chamber with a wall having a frangible portion. An electrically-conductive, heat-generating initiator inside the chamber initiates a liquid gas-generating charge that is auto-ignitable by the initiator. Its reaction is self-sustaining after ignition. The gas generated bursts the frangible portion and supplies the air bag. The active components of the charge are nitrous oxide and oxygen.
摘要:
In a gas-generating chemical reaction carried out in a borehole that is largely filled with water, substantial pressure increases can be generated. This pressure can be used to fracture rocks around the borehole and, hence, stimulate water, oil or gas wells in tight rock formations. This pressure increase can also be used to fracture coal seams for enhanced in-situ gasification or methane recovery. This invention discloses the use of a new, novel system, based on the homogeneous reaction of aluminum alkyls with water, to create a controlled pressure increase. The most appropriate reaction mixture, as characterized by the rise of time of the generated pressure pulse and the energy content per unit length of borehole charge, is disclosed in this new invention.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method of converting non-hypergolic, liquid, rocket propellants into hypergolic propellants. The method to accomplish the conversion relates to the use of ammonium metavanadate as an additive to the liquid oxidant, such as, red fuming nitric acid (RFNA). The RFNA with additive is hypergolic with the usual fuels with which RFNA has been employed where a separate ignition system is normally required. RFNA with additive is also hypergolic with fuels which have been non-hypergolic and which have not been so used in the past with RFNA. These additional fuel blends include a fuel material selected from turpentine, aniline, triethylamine, furfuryl alcohol or blends of these fuel materials.