摘要:
A laser processing method for a wafer such that a laser beam is applied to a work surface of the wafer along a separation line formed on the work surface to thereby form a laser processed groove along the separation line on the work surface by ablation. The laser processing method includes a protective material coating step for coating the work surface of the wafer with a liquid protective material mainly containing a water-soluble silicone oil and a laser processed groove forming step for applying the laser beam to the work surface coated with the protective material along the separation line in the condition that the protective material has fluidity, thereby forming the laser processed groove along the separation line.
摘要:
A laser processing method for a wafer such that a laser beam is applied to a work surface of the wafer along a separation line formed on the work surface to thereby form a laser processed groove along the separation line on the work surface by ablation. The laser processing method includes a protective material coating step for coating the work surface of the wafer with a liquid protective material mainly containing a water-soluble silicone oil and a laser processed groove forming step for applying the laser beam to the work surface coated with the protective material along the separation line in the condition that the protective material has fluidity, thereby forming the laser processed groove along the separation line.
摘要:
A temperature sensor is disposed in an optical pickup to detect a temperature of an objective lens. An optical element (for example, a collimator lens) is driven according to a temperature change of the objective lens, which corrects deterioration of an optical characteristic of a laser beam passing through the objective lens. Good recording/reproduction is smoothly performed even if the optical characteristic of the objective lens is changed with the temperature change.
摘要:
In a vehicle equipped with a power steering device for assisting the steering of the steered wheels by the steering wheel, when the steering angle of the steered wheels reaches the maximum steering angle, a steering control device restricts a target steering angle for operating the power steering device so that the steering angle or a reaction force acting against the power steering device does not exceed a value determined therefor, so to maintain the steering condition of the steered wheels stably without applying an excessive load on the power steering device. The target steering angle may be calculated as a value based upon rotational angle of the steering wheel and turning behavior control of the vehicle.
摘要:
A motor-driven steering controller for controlling a steering wheel of a vehicle. The controller includes a steering torque controlling unit, a braking force estimating unit, a right and left braking force difference estimating unit and an assist steering torque providing unit. The steering torque controlling unit controls a steering torque on the steering wheel depending on a steering operation. The braking force estimating unit estimates braking forces to be imposed on wheels of the vehicle. The right and left braking force difference estimating unit estimates difference between the braking forces to be imposed on the right and left wheels each estimated by the braking forces estimating unit. The assist steering torque providing unit provides an assist steering torque for the steering torque controlling unit on the basis of the difference in braking force between right and left wheels estimated by the right and left braking force difference estimating unit.
摘要:
An SAT estimator 16 estimates the SAT generated between the road surface and the tire. A slip angle arithmetic unit 18 estimates the front wheel slip angle. A lateral force detector 180 computes the lateral force generated in the wheels. An SAT model value arithmetic unit 22 computes the SAT model value from the slip angle estimate and the lateral force value. A front-rear direction quantity-of-state arithmetic unit 240 computes the front-rear direction quantity of state generated in the wheels. A grip level estimator 26 estimates the grip level from the SAT estimated by the SAT estimator 16, the SAT model value computed by the SAT model value arithmetic unit 22, and the front-rear direction quantity of state estimated by the front-rear direction quantity-of-state arithmetic unit 240.
摘要:
A steering control apparatus is provided for a vehicle having a steering wheel for steering steered wheels of the vehicle, a power source for generating power, and drive shafts for transferring the power to the steered wheels, to be served as driving wheels of the vehicle. The apparatus comprises an accelerating operation detection device for detecting accelerating operation amount by a vehicle driver, and a steering torque control device for controlling steering torque created by the steering wheel, and applying torque steer reducing torque to the steering wheel. The steering torque control device is adapted to reduce torque steer, which is transiently created on the steering wheel due to characteristics of the drive shafts, when the accelerating operation amount detected by the accelerating operation detection device becomes equal to or greater than a predetermined value.
摘要:
Two objective lenses are attached to a common holder. The holder is driven by an objective lens actuator, which integrally drives the two objective lenses. At this point, the objective lens (first objective lens) having a smaller diameter is arranged on a disk inner circumference side. In labeling, a reference pattern located at an inner circumference position is irradiated with a laser beam through the inner circumference-side first objective lens to obtain a gain which is used to finely move an objective lens actuator in a disk radial direction. The disk is irradiated with the laser beam through the second objective lens to generate an image in a disk surface while the objective lens actuator is driven with the gain.
摘要:
A method for estimating a central frequency includes defining a slice group containing a plurality of slices parallel to one another within an arbitrary imaged region in a subject, measuring a central frequency of at least one slice contained in the slice group, and estimating central frequencies of the other slices based on the measured central frequency of the at least one slice.
摘要:
The present invention aims at making it possible to successfully achieve fast recovery during magnetic resonance imaging in which the fast spin echo technique combined with the inversion recovery technique is implemented. A 180° x pulse is applied in order to excite spins. Thereafter, when an inversion time TI has elapsed, a 90° x pulse is applied in order to excite the spins. Thereafter, when a half of a time esp has elapsed, a 180° y pulse is applied in order to excite the spins. Thereafter, when the time esp has elapsed, the 180° y pulse is applied an odd number of times in order to sequentially excite the spins. Thereafter, when a half of the time esp has elapsed, the 90° x pulse is applied in order to excite the spins.