Process for highly substituted carboxyalkyl celluloses and mixed ethers
thereof
    1.
    发明授权
    Process for highly substituted carboxyalkyl celluloses and mixed ethers thereof 失效
    高度取代的羧基烷基纤维素及其混合醚的方法

    公开(公告)号:US4507474A

    公开(公告)日:1985-03-26

    申请号:US573164

    申请日:1984-01-24

    CPC分类号: C08B11/193 C08B11/12

    摘要: A process for the production of carboxyalkyl celluloses having an average degree of substitution of at least 1.0. The process comprises up to 3 stages, but without any intermediate purification. The preferred suspension medium is isopropanol. In each stage of the process, the carboxyalkylating agent is used in quantities of less than 2.5 moles per mole of anhydroglucose unit and the alkylating agent in quantities of less than 5 moles per mole of anhydroglucose unit. The total water content of the system throughout the reaction as a whole must not exceed 450% by weight, based on the quantity by weight of cellulose used. Water contents of from 80 to 250% by weight are preferred.

    摘要翻译: 平均取代度至少为1.0的羧基烷基纤维素的制造方法。 该方法包括多达3个阶段,但没有任何中间纯化。 优选的悬​​浮介质是异丙醇。 在该方法的每个阶段中,每摩尔葡糖酐单元和烷基化剂的量小于2.5摩尔/摩尔脱水葡萄糖单元,所述羧烷基化剂的用量小于2.5摩尔。 基于所使用的纤维素的重量,整个反应中的系统的总含水量不得超过450重量%。 水含量为80-250重量%是优选的。

    Process and means for the purification of cellulose ethers
    4.
    发明授权
    Process and means for the purification of cellulose ethers 失效
    用于纤维素醚净化的方法和方法

    公开(公告)号:US4968789A

    公开(公告)日:1990-11-06

    申请号:US238664

    申请日:1988-08-31

    IPC分类号: C08B11/20

    CPC分类号: C08B11/20

    摘要: Process and means for purifying cellulose ethers without flocculation points or with relatively high flocculation points (up to 95.degree. C.) and thermoplastic, i.e. highly propoxylated, products made from cellulose in any form, the crude product is first suspended and the suspension liquid subsequently separated in a reverse filter centrifuge a single-stage or multistage wash can be carried out. The filter cake is discharged by reversal of the filter cloth of the centrifuge.

    摘要翻译: 用于纯化纤维素醚的方法和方法,无需絮凝点或相对较高的絮凝点(高达95℃)和热塑性物质即高度丙氧基化的任何形式的纤维素制成的产品,首先将粗产物悬浮,然后悬浮液 在反向过滤离心机中分离可以进行单级或多级洗涤。 滤饼通过反转离心机的滤布排出。

    Process for working up water-soluble cellulose derivatives having high
flocculation points
    5.
    发明授权
    Process for working up water-soluble cellulose derivatives having high flocculation points 失效
    处理高絮凝点的水溶性纤维素衍生物的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5013832A

    公开(公告)日:1991-05-07

    申请号:US86439

    申请日:1987-08-17

    IPC分类号: C08B11/20

    CPC分类号: C08B11/20

    摘要: A process for working up water-soluble cellulose derivatives, more especially with flocculation points above 85.degree. C., after removal by condensation of readily volatile constituents of the crude product mixture resulting from an etherification reaction, by suspension of the crude product in hot water and subsequent separation of the suspension and washing liquids, wherein the separation of the suspension and washing liquids is carried out at elevated temperature and under pressure applied to the separator as a whole.

    摘要翻译: 通过将粗产物悬浮在热水中,处理水溶性纤维素衍生物的方法,更特别是絮凝点高于85℃,通过由醚化反应产生的粗产物混合物容易挥发成分的冷凝除去后, 以及随后分离悬浮液和洗涤液体,其中悬浮液和洗涤液体的分离在升高的温度和施加到分离器整体的压力下进行。

    Process for working up aqueous electrolyte-containing suspensions of
highly swellable layer silicates
    6.
    发明授权
    Process for working up aqueous electrolyte-containing suspensions of highly swellable layer silicates 失效
    用于处理高溶胀层状硅酸盐的含电解质的悬浮液的方法

    公开(公告)号:US4908133A

    公开(公告)日:1990-03-13

    申请号:US343467

    申请日:1989-04-26

    CPC分类号: C01B33/40 C01B33/405

    摘要: A process for working up aqueous, electrolyte-containing suspensions of highly swellable layer silicates by which highly swellable layer silicates are isolated substantially free from electrolyte from an aqueous electrolyte-containing suspension in a reasonable time by multi-stage membrane filtration wherein the second and every following membrane stage, the concentrate is diluted, for example with fully deionized water, to maintain pumpability.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于处理高溶胀性硅酸盐的含水电解质的悬浮液的方法,通过该方法,通过多级膜过滤在合适的时间内从基本上不含电解质的悬浮液中分离出高度可溶胀的硅酸盐,其中第二和第二 在膜阶段之后,将浓缩物例如用完全去离子水稀释,以维持泵送性。

    Process for the production of surfactant mixtures based on ether
sulfonates and their use
    7.
    发明授权
    Process for the production of surfactant mixtures based on ether sulfonates and their use 失效
    用于生产基于醚磺酸盐的表面活性剂混合物及其用途的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5318709A

    公开(公告)日:1994-06-07

    申请号:US778116

    申请日:1991-12-05

    摘要: A process for the production of a surfactant mixture for use in enhanced oil recovery wherein the surfactant mixture comprises an alkyl ether sulfonic acid or salt thereof as a principal constituent and at most a substantially equal quantity of alkoxylated alcohol. The surfactant mixture is prepared by reacting an alkyl ether sulfate with a stoichiometric excess of an alkali metal sulfite solution at about 160.degree. C. to 220.degree. C. under mildly alkaline pH conditions, and then extracting sulfate salt therefrom using a substantially water-insoluble alcohol at a lowered temperature.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / EP90 / 00855 Sec。 371 1991年12月5日第 102(e)1991年12月5日日期PCT提交1990年5月28日PCT公布。 WO90 / 15050 PCT公开号 日本1990年12月13日。一种用于生产用于增强油采收率的表面活性剂混合物的方法,其中表面活性剂混合物包含烷基醚磺酸或其盐作为主要成分和至多基本相等量的烷氧基化醇。 表面活性剂混合物通过烷基醚硫酸盐与化学计量过量的碱金属亚硫酸盐溶液在约160℃至220℃下在温和碱性pH条件下反应制备,然后使用基本上不溶于水的硫酸盐 酒精在降低的温度。

    Process for desludging phosphating baths and device for carrying out
said process
    8.
    发明授权
    Process for desludging phosphating baths and device for carrying out said process 失效
    用于除磷化浴的方法和用于进行所述方法的装置

    公开(公告)号:US4968360A

    公开(公告)日:1990-11-06

    申请号:US283635

    申请日:1988-12-13

    IPC分类号: C23C22/77 C23C22/00 C23C22/73

    摘要: The development of sludge in phosphating baths is prevented by continuously diverting a partial volume of the baths into a separate device comprising three open chambers: an oxidation chamber where the solution is treated with an O.sub.2 -containing gas to oxidize the iron (II) of the solution of iron (III), which precipitates as phosphate; a conditioning chamber in which the iron (iii) phosphate precipitate formed in the oxidation chamber is agglomerated into a readily sedimented form; and a sedimentation chamber in which the sediment formed in the conditioning chamber is separated from the remaining liquid phosphating solution. This solution is then replenished with phosphate layer-forming components, and the replenished solution is subsequently recycled to the phosphating bath.

    摘要翻译: 通过将部分体积的浴连续地转移到包括三个开放室的单独装置中来防止磷酸盐浴中的污泥的发展:氧化室,其中用含氧气体处理溶液以氧化所述溶液的铁(II) 铁(III)的溶液,其作为磷酸盐沉淀; 其中在氧化室中形成的磷酸铁沉淀物凝结成容易沉淀的调节室; 以及沉淀室,其中形成在调节室中的沉淀物与剩余的液体磷酸盐溶液分离。 然后将该溶液补充有磷酸盐层形成组分,并且补充的溶液随后再循环到磷化浴中。

    Process for the preparation of 5-bromo-5-nitro-1,3-dioxane
    9.
    发明授权
    Process for the preparation of 5-bromo-5-nitro-1,3-dioxane 失效
    制备5-溴-5-硝基-1,3-二恶烷的方法

    公开(公告)号:US4927946A

    公开(公告)日:1990-05-22

    申请号:US345918

    申请日:1989-05-01

    IPC分类号: C07D319/06

    CPC分类号: C07D319/06

    摘要: Unpurified 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used as the starting material for a process for the preparation of 5-bromo-5-nitro-1,3-dioxane from 2-nitro-1,3-propanediol without the use of an organic solvent on an industrial scale. This is carried out in such a way that in a first stage a mixture of bromine and aqueous hydrogen bromide solution is cooled and an aqueous solution of an alkali metal or an alkaline-earth metal salt of 2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is added at such a rate that, with cooling, the maximum reaction temperature does not exceed 30.degree. C., and then in a second reaction stage paraformaldehyde and sulfuric acid are added, left to react above room temperature, and the organic phase separated.

    摘要翻译: 未纯化的2-溴-2-硝基-1,3-丙二醇用作从2-硝基-1,3-丙二醇制备5-溴-5-硝基-1,3-二恶烷的方法的起始原料 而不使用工业规模的有机溶剂。 以这样的方式进行:在第一阶段中,将溴和溴化氢水溶液的混合物冷却,并将2-硝基-1,3-丙二醇的碱金属或碱土金属盐的水溶液为 以这样的速度加入,冷却后最大反应温度不超过30℃,然后在第二反应阶段加入多聚甲醛和硫酸,使其在室温以上反应,分离有机相。

    Conversion of organophosphonic acids into their salts using intense shear
    10.
    发明授权
    Conversion of organophosphonic acids into their salts using intense shear 失效
    使用强剪切将有机膦酸转化为其盐

    公开(公告)号:US4851525A

    公开(公告)日:1989-07-25

    申请号:US84530

    申请日:1987-08-12

    IPC分类号: C07F9/553 C07F9/572 C07F9/59

    摘要: Process for the conversion of an organophosphonic acid of the formula ##STR1## in which n=3-5 and R=H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, into an alkali metal or ammonium salt comprising reacting the moist filter cake which accumulates during the production of organophosphonic acids by known processes (water content 10 to 40% by weight) with anhydrous or concentrated aqueous alkali metal hydroxide or ammonia and exposing the paste formed, which has a water content of from 20 to 80% by weight, to intense shear forces in mixing, dispersing, or kneading units, water being removed from the paste under reduced pressure and with application of heat until the paste changes into a free-flowing powder.

    摘要翻译: 将其中n = 3-5和R = H或C 1 -C 3烷基的式(I)的有机膦酸转化为碱金属或铵盐的方法,包括使在 通过已知方法(水含量10〜40重量%)与无水或浓缩的碱金属氢氧化物或氨水溶液生产有机膦酸,并将形成的含水量为20〜80重量%的糊状物暴露于剧烈的 在混合,分散或捏合单元中的剪切力,在减压下从糊中除去水,并加热,直到糊料变成自由流动的粉末。