Process for bleaching discolored surface-active alkyl glycosides and for
working up the bleached material
    1.
    发明授权
    Process for bleaching discolored surface-active alkyl glycosides and for working up the bleached material 失效
    用于漂白变色的表面活性烷基糖苷并用于处理漂白材料的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5510482A

    公开(公告)日:1996-04-23

    申请号:US324318

    申请日:1994-10-17

    IPC分类号: C07H15/04 C07H1/06

    CPC分类号: C07H15/04

    摘要: The crude reaction products from the synthesis of alkyl glycosides are bleached by kneading the material substantially freed from the excess fatty alcohol and containing at most limited quantities of water with an oxidizing agent at such elevated temperatures that the reaction mixture lends itself to plastic processing. Temperatures of from about 50.degree. to 150.degree. C. are particularly suitable, although it is best to apply temperatures in the range from about 80.degree. to 100.degree. C. using aqueous hydrogen peroxide as the oxidizing agent. Bleaching is carried out under basic conditions, optionally by addition of an alkaline compound, such as for example 50% sodium hydroxide solution. The bleached product accumulates in the form of a solid. It is preferably mixed with typical compatible solids, more particularly typical constituents of detergents and cleaning preparations, to form a solid and preferably free-flowing alkyl glycoside compound.

    摘要翻译: 来自合成烷基糖苷的粗反应产物通过在基本上不含过量脂肪醇的物质中混合并在氧化剂中含有至多有限量的水的温度下漂白,使得反应混合物适合塑性加工。 约50℃至150℃的温度是特别合适的,尽管最好使用过氧化氢水溶液作为氧化剂,在约80℃至100℃的范围内施加温度。 漂白在碱性条件下进行,任选地加入碱性化合物,例如50%氢氧化钠溶液。 漂白产品以固体的形式积聚。 其优选与典型的相容性固体,更特别是洗涤剂和清洁制剂的典型组分混合以形成固体和优选自由流动的烷基糖苷化合物。

    Process for dyeing anodized aluminum
    2.
    发明授权
    Process for dyeing anodized aluminum 失效
    用于染色阳极氧化铝的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5064512A

    公开(公告)日:1991-11-12

    申请号:US382166

    申请日:1989-07-19

    IPC分类号: C25D11/12 C25D11/22

    CPC分类号: C25D11/22

    摘要: Substituted diphenols, phenyl ethers containing two oxygen atoms attached to a benzene nucleus, and naphthols are more practically effective than previously known additives in stabilizing tin (II) salts, in electrolyte solutions useful for coloring anodized aluminum by electrolysis therein, against oxidation to tin(IV) by reaction with ambient oxygen. Preferred additives include 2-tert-butyl-1,4-dihydroxybenzene, methylhydroquinone, trimethylhydroquinone, 4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid, and p-hydroxyanisole. If p-toluenesulfonic acid or napthalene sulfonic acid are also used in the electrolyte, the throwing power can be greatly improved.

    摘要翻译: 取代的二酚,含有连接到苯核上的两个氧原子的苯基醚和萘酚比以前已知的用于稳定锡(II)盐的添加剂更有效,在用于通过电解使阳极氧化的铝着色的电解质溶液中,氧化成锡( IV)通过与环境氧反应。 优选的添加剂包括2-叔丁基-1,4-二羟基苯,甲基氢醌,三甲基氢醌,4-羟基萘-2,7-二磺酸和对羟基苯甲醚。 如果在电解质中也使用对甲苯磺酸或萘磺酸,则可大大提高投掷力。

    Process for the bromination of nitro-alcohols
    4.
    发明授权
    Process for the bromination of nitro-alcohols 失效
    溴化硝基醇的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5001285A

    公开(公告)日:1991-03-19

    申请号:US345516

    申请日:1989-05-01

    CPC分类号: C07C201/12

    摘要: A process for the preparation of geminate bromo-nitro-alcohols by the bromination of alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal salts of nitroalcohols in aqueous solution, while cooling the reaction mixture so that the maximum reaction temperature does not exceed 30.degree. C. In carrying out the reaction, the aqueous solution of nitroalcohol salt is added to a mixture of bromine and aqueous hydrobromic acid.

    摘要翻译: 通过在水溶液中溴化碱金属或硝基醇的碱土金属盐,同时冷却反应混合物使得最大反应温度不超过30℃,从而制备配位溴 - 硝基醇。 反应后,将硝基醇盐的水溶液加入到溴和氢溴酸水溶液的混合物中。

    Process for sealing anodized aluminum
    5.
    发明授权
    Process for sealing anodized aluminum 失效
    阳极氧化铝密封工艺

    公开(公告)号:US4939001A

    公开(公告)日:1990-07-03

    申请号:US365869

    申请日:1989-06-14

    IPC分类号: C25D11/18 C25D11/24

    CPC分类号: C25D11/246

    摘要: In the process of sealing decorative anodized aluminum oxide coatings in hot aqueous solutions, superior results are obtained when the sealing solutions contain 1-phosphonopropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, 1,1-diphosphonopropane-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, and/or alkali metal and/or alkanolamine salts of these acids. The presence of these acids or their salts prevents the formation of bloom and allows shorter sealing times with equivalent quality, and the addition of as little as 1 ppm of aluminum ions to such solutions also prevents iridescence.

    摘要翻译: 在热水溶液中密封装饰性阳极氧化铝涂层的过程中,当密封溶液含有1-膦酰基丙烷-1,2,3-三羧酸,1,1-二膦酰丙烷-2,3-二羧酸, 和/或这些酸的碱金属和/或链烷醇胺盐。 这些酸或其盐的存在防止形成花纹并且允许具有相同质量的较短的密封时间,并且向这种溶液中加入少至1ppm的铝离子也可防止虹彩。

    Process for the production of surfactant mixtures based on ether
sulfonates and their use
    7.
    发明授权
    Process for the production of surfactant mixtures based on ether sulfonates and their use 失效
    用于生产基于醚磺酸盐的表面活性剂混合物及其用途的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5318709A

    公开(公告)日:1994-06-07

    申请号:US778116

    申请日:1991-12-05

    摘要: A process for the production of a surfactant mixture for use in enhanced oil recovery wherein the surfactant mixture comprises an alkyl ether sulfonic acid or salt thereof as a principal constituent and at most a substantially equal quantity of alkoxylated alcohol. The surfactant mixture is prepared by reacting an alkyl ether sulfate with a stoichiometric excess of an alkali metal sulfite solution at about 160.degree. C. to 220.degree. C. under mildly alkaline pH conditions, and then extracting sulfate salt therefrom using a substantially water-insoluble alcohol at a lowered temperature.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / EP90 / 00855 Sec。 371 1991年12月5日第 102(e)1991年12月5日日期PCT提交1990年5月28日PCT公布。 WO90 / 15050 PCT公开号 日本1990年12月13日。一种用于生产用于增强油采收率的表面活性剂混合物的方法,其中表面活性剂混合物包含烷基醚磺酸或其盐作为主要成分和至多基本相等量的烷氧基化醇。 表面活性剂混合物通过烷基醚硫酸盐与化学计量过量的碱金属亚硫酸盐溶液在约160℃至220℃下在温和碱性pH条件下反应制备,然后使用基本上不溶于水的硫酸盐 酒精在降低的温度。

    Process for working up water-soluble cellulose derivatives having high
flocculation points
    8.
    发明授权
    Process for working up water-soluble cellulose derivatives having high flocculation points 失效
    处理高絮凝点的水溶性纤维素衍生物的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5013832A

    公开(公告)日:1991-05-07

    申请号:US86439

    申请日:1987-08-17

    IPC分类号: C08B11/20

    CPC分类号: C08B11/20

    摘要: A process for working up water-soluble cellulose derivatives, more especially with flocculation points above 85.degree. C., after removal by condensation of readily volatile constituents of the crude product mixture resulting from an etherification reaction, by suspension of the crude product in hot water and subsequent separation of the suspension and washing liquids, wherein the separation of the suspension and washing liquids is carried out at elevated temperature and under pressure applied to the separator as a whole.

    摘要翻译: 通过将粗产物悬浮在热水中,处理水溶性纤维素衍生物的方法,更特别是絮凝点高于85℃,通过由醚化反应产生的粗产物混合物容易挥发成分的冷凝除去后, 以及随后分离悬浮液和洗涤液体,其中悬浮液和洗涤液体的分离在升高的温度和施加到分离器整体的压力下进行。

    Process for desludging phosphating baths and device for carrying out
said process
    9.
    发明授权
    Process for desludging phosphating baths and device for carrying out said process 失效
    用于除磷化浴的方法和用于进行所述方法的装置

    公开(公告)号:US4968360A

    公开(公告)日:1990-11-06

    申请号:US283635

    申请日:1988-12-13

    IPC分类号: C23C22/77 C23C22/00 C23C22/73

    摘要: The development of sludge in phosphating baths is prevented by continuously diverting a partial volume of the baths into a separate device comprising three open chambers: an oxidation chamber where the solution is treated with an O.sub.2 -containing gas to oxidize the iron (II) of the solution of iron (III), which precipitates as phosphate; a conditioning chamber in which the iron (iii) phosphate precipitate formed in the oxidation chamber is agglomerated into a readily sedimented form; and a sedimentation chamber in which the sediment formed in the conditioning chamber is separated from the remaining liquid phosphating solution. This solution is then replenished with phosphate layer-forming components, and the replenished solution is subsequently recycled to the phosphating bath.

    摘要翻译: 通过将部分体积的浴连续地转移到包括三个开放室的单独装置中来防止磷酸盐浴中的污泥的发展:氧化室,其中用含氧气体处理溶液以氧化所述溶液的铁(II) 铁(III)的溶液,其作为磷酸盐沉淀; 其中在氧化室中形成的磷酸铁沉淀物凝结成容易沉淀的调节室; 以及沉淀室,其中形成在调节室中的沉淀物与剩余的液体磷酸盐溶液分离。 然后将该溶液补充有磷酸盐层形成组分,并且补充的溶液随后再循环到磷化浴中。

    Process for the preparation of 5-bromo-5-nitro-1,3-dioxane
    10.
    发明授权
    Process for the preparation of 5-bromo-5-nitro-1,3-dioxane 失效
    制备5-溴-5-硝基-1,3-二恶烷的方法

    公开(公告)号:US4927946A

    公开(公告)日:1990-05-22

    申请号:US345918

    申请日:1989-05-01

    IPC分类号: C07D319/06

    CPC分类号: C07D319/06

    摘要: Unpurified 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is used as the starting material for a process for the preparation of 5-bromo-5-nitro-1,3-dioxane from 2-nitro-1,3-propanediol without the use of an organic solvent on an industrial scale. This is carried out in such a way that in a first stage a mixture of bromine and aqueous hydrogen bromide solution is cooled and an aqueous solution of an alkali metal or an alkaline-earth metal salt of 2-nitro-1,3-propanediol is added at such a rate that, with cooling, the maximum reaction temperature does not exceed 30.degree. C., and then in a second reaction stage paraformaldehyde and sulfuric acid are added, left to react above room temperature, and the organic phase separated.

    摘要翻译: 未纯化的2-溴-2-硝基-1,3-丙二醇用作从2-硝基-1,3-丙二醇制备5-溴-5-硝基-1,3-二恶烷的方法的起始原料 而不使用工业规模的有机溶剂。 以这样的方式进行:在第一阶段中,将溴和溴化氢水溶液的混合物冷却,并将2-硝基-1,3-丙二醇的碱金属或碱土金属盐的水溶液为 以这样的速度加入,冷却后最大反应温度不超过30℃,然后在第二反应阶段加入多聚甲醛和硫酸,使其在室温以上反应,分离有机相。