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公开(公告)号：US4332752A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-01
申请号：US80788
申请日：1979-10-01
申请人： Werner Henne , Werner Bandel , Gustav Dunweg
发明人： Werner Henne , Werner Bandel , Gustav Dunweg
CPC分类号： B01D71/10 , B01D69/082 , D01D5/20 , D01D5/24
摘要： Dialysis membranes are described in which two or more hollow fibers of cellulose regenerated from cuoxam solution are spun together and connected to each other parallel to the fiber axis. The connection may be in the form of crosspieces, which should be between about 1 and 3 times the thickness of the hollow fiber walls. A novel process for preparation of the dialysis membrane hollow fibers is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 描述了透析膜，其中将两个或更多个由cuoxam溶液再生的纤维素中空纤维纺丝在一起并且彼此平行于纤维轴线连接。 连接件可以是横档的形式，其应该在中空纤维壁的厚度的约1至3倍之间。 还公开了一种制备透析膜中空纤维的新方法。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4933084A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-12
申请号：US690977
申请日：1985-01-11
申请人： Werner Bandel , Werner Henne , Gustav Dunweg
发明人： Werner Bandel , Werner Henne , Gustav Dunweg
CPC分类号： D01D5/24 , B01D69/087 , B01D71/10 , D01D5/20 , Y10T428/2931 , Y10T428/2975 , Y10T428/2976
摘要： Dialysis membranes are disclosed, in the shape of hollow fibers composed of cellulose regenerated from copper-ammonia solution, having a continuous hollow cavity and a closed wall, wherein in any cross-section normal to the direction of the fiber axis the difference of the distance to the outer wall surface and the distance to the inner wall surface, each measured from the fiber midpoint, varies along the periphery, the fiber midpoint being the midpoint of the circle circumscribing the fiber cross-section, and the cross-section normal to the direction of the fiber axis possessing the shape of a circle, a deformed circle, an ellipse, a kidney-shaped deformed ellipse, or a deformed quadrangle. In one particular embodiment, the wall thickness of the hollow fiber along its periphery at least once continuously increases to a maximum thickness and decreases to a minimum thickness, the respective maximum and minimum thicknesses being spaced approximately equally about the periphery, with all portions of maximum thickness having the same maximum thickness and all portions of minimum thickness having the same minimum thickness.
摘要翻译： 公开透析膜，其形状为由铜 - 氨溶液再生的纤维构成的中空纤维，其具有连续的中空腔和闭合壁，其中在与纤维轴方向垂直的任何横截面中，距离的差异 并且从纤维中点测量的距离内壁表面的距离沿着周边变化，纤维中点是围绕纤维横截面的圆的中点，并且横截面垂直于 具有圆形，变形圆，椭圆，肾形变形椭圆或变形四边形的纤维轴的方向。 在一个具体实施例中，中空纤维沿着其周边的壁厚至少一次连续地增加到最大厚度并且减小到最小厚度，相应的最大和最小厚度围绕周边大致相等地间隔，其中所有部分最大 具有相同最大厚度的厚度和具有相同最小厚度的最小厚度的所有部分。
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公开(公告)号：US4610791A
公开(公告)日：1986-09-09
申请号：US501527
申请日：1983-06-06
申请人： Werner Henne , Gustav Dunweg
发明人： Werner Henne , Gustav Dunweg
IPC分类号： B01D71/06 , A61M20060101 , A61M1/16 , B01D20060101 , B01D69/02 , B01D71/10 , C08B16/00 , C08J5/18 , C08J9/26 , C08L1/00 , C08L1/02 , B01D13/00
CPC分类号： B01D71/10 , B01D67/0083 , B01D67/0095 , B01D69/02 , B01D69/08 , B01D69/148 , B01D2325/20 , B01D61/145 , B01D61/243
摘要： A single or multilayer dialysis membrane, constructed as a flat film, a tubular foil or especially as hollow fibers, the membrane being made of a regenerated cuprammonium cellulose which may be unmodified or partly modified by alkyl, carboxyalkyl or hydroxyalkyl groups, and said membrane being characterized by an ultrafiltration capacity at 37.degree. C. of 7 to 30 ml/hr.multidot.m.sup.2.mmHg, an average molecular permeability, based upon vitamin B12, of about 3.multidot.10.sup.-3 to 12.multidot.10.sup.-3 cm/min, and a water retention value of more than 145%, calculated according to the German Industrial Standard (DIN) 53814. The new membrane is prepared by the known cuprammonium process but with the addition of a finely ground CuO with a maximum particle size of 20 microns to the standard cuprammonium solution. After casting, extruding or spinning this solution into a coagulating bath, e.g. an alkaline coagulating bath, the regenerated and shaped cellulosic film, foil or filament is given an acid treatment, preferably with sulfuric acid, sufficient to substantially remove the solid CuO particles and to provide a significantly higher pore volume content and other favorable properties in the final membrane.
摘要翻译： 构成平膜的单层或多层透析膜，管状箔或特别是中空纤维，膜由再生的铜铵纤维素制成，可以通过烷基，羧基烷基或羟烷基进行未改性或部分改性，所述膜为 其特征在于在37℃下的超滤能力为7至30ml / hr×m2mmHg，基于维生素B12的平均分子渗透性为约3×10 -3至12×10 -3 cm / min，保水值为更多 超过145％，根据德国工业标准（DIN）53814计算。新膜通过已知的铜铵法制备，但添加了最大粒度为20微米的精细研磨的CuO至标准铜铵溶液。 在浇铸之后，将该溶液挤出或纺丝到凝固浴中，例如 碱性凝固浴，再生和成型的纤维素膜，箔或细丝被给予酸处理，优选用硫酸处理，足以基本上除去固体CuO颗粒，并在最终的溶液中提供显着更高的孔体积含量和其它有利的性质 膜。
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公开(公告)号：US4276172A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-30
申请号：US875926
申请日：1978-02-07
申请人： Werner Henne , Gustav Dunweg
发明人： Werner Henne , Gustav Dunweg
IPC分类号： D01F2/04 , A61M1/18 , B01D69/04 , B01D69/08 , B01D69/12 , B01D71/06 , B01D71/10 , B01D31/00 , B01D13/00
CPC分类号： B01D69/088 , B01D69/04 , B01D69/085 , B01D69/12 , B01D71/10
摘要： A multilayer cellulosic membrane for blood dialysis and a method for the production of said membrane by regeneration from separately extruded cuprammonium cellulose solutions brought together to form two or more permanently adhered layers, each layer forming a seal against blood penetration through the leakage points of an adjacent layer, the resulting multilayer membrane thus being substantially free of blood leakage over the total thickness of the membrane. Especially preferred membranes for blood dialysis are those in which the layer arranged on the blood side of the diaphragm contains a modified cellulose chemically bound with an antithrombogenic substance.
摘要翻译： 用于血液透析的多层纤维素膜和通过从单独挤出的铜铵纤维素溶液再生而生产所述膜的方法一起形成两个或更多个永久粘附的层，每个层形成密封，以防止穿过相邻的泄漏点的血液渗透 因此所得到的多层膜基本上没有血液渗漏超过膜的总厚度。 用于血液透析的特别优选的膜是其中布置在隔膜的血液侧上的层含有与抗血栓形成物质化学结合的改性纤维素的膜。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4668396A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-26
申请号：US765530
申请日：1985-08-14
申请人： Ulrich Baurmeister , Walter Brodowski , Michael Diamantoglou , Gustav Dunweg , Werner Henne , Michael Pelger , Helmut Schulze
发明人： Ulrich Baurmeister , Walter Brodowski , Michael Diamantoglou , Gustav Dunweg , Werner Henne , Michael Pelger , Helmut Schulze
摘要： A dialysis membrane used for hemodialysis having a structure comprised of flat films, blown films or tubular threads of substitution-modified cellulose, in which the effects of complement activation and leukopenia are clearly reduced. The average degree of substitution of the modified cellulose is 0.02 to 0.07. Dialysis membranes, which have proven successful within the scope of the invention, contain modified cellulose, having a structure represented by the formula cellulose-Z, wherein Z represents the group --R'--X--Y.X is at least one member selected from the group consisting of ##STR1## Y is at least one member selected from the group consisting of --R, --NR.sub.2, --Si(OR").sub.3, --SO.sub.3 H, --COOH, --PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, --N.sup.+ HR.sub.2, --OR" and the salts thereof.R' is at least one member selected from the group consisting of an alkylenes cycloalkylenes and arylenes having a total of 1 to 25 carbon atoms.R" is a hydrogen atom or R.R is at least one member selected from the group consisting of an alkyls with 1 to 5 carbon atoms, cycloalkyls and an aryls.
摘要翻译： 用于血液透析的透析膜具有包含补体活化和白细胞减少的效果的取代改性纤维素的平膜，吹膜或管状线构成的结构。 改性纤维素的平均取代度为0.02〜0.07。 已经证明在本发明范围内成功的透析膜含有具有式Z-基团-R'-X-Y所示结构式纤维素-Z的改性纤维素。 X是从由以下组成的组中选择的至少一个成员：Y是至少一个选自-R，-NR2，-Si（OR“）3，-SO3H， -COOH，-PO 3 H 2，-N + HR 2，-OR“及其盐。 R'是选自具有总共1至25个碳原子的亚烷基环烷烃和亚芳基中的至少一种。 R“是氢原子或R.R是选自具有1至5个碳原子的烷基，环烷基和芳基中的至少一个。
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公开(公告)号：US4267047A
公开(公告)日：1981-05-12
申请号：US030705
申请日：1979-04-16
CPC分类号： B01D71/10 , B01D69/04 , B01D69/06 , B01D69/08 , B01D69/12 , B01D69/147 , B01D2325/12 , B01D61/243
摘要： A dialyzing membrane, especially for hemodialysis, formed as a hollow fiber, tubular foil or flat sheet by regeneration of cellulose from a cuprammonium solution, the membrane comprising at least two firmly adhered cellulosic layers including at least one dialyzing layer consisting essentially of a semipermeable regenerated cellulose and at least one adsorbent layer consisting of said regenerated cellulose containing embedded therein fine particles of an adsorbent material in an amount of up to 95% by weight with reference to the dry weight of the adsorbent layer, preferably 1 to 90% and especially 20 to 70% by weight, when the adsorbent layer is part of a hollow fiber structure. The dialyzing membrane of the invention is produced by a method requiring at least two cuprammonium cellulose solutions, one of which is free of adsorbent particles and another of which contains a suspension of adsorbent particles, the different solutions being spun from adjacent spinning slots for immediate layer to layer contact and then introduced over a short air gap into a coagulating or precipitating bath to entrap the adsorbent particles in the spun layer in which the particles were originally suspended. Isopropyl myristate is particularly advantageous as a liquid filler for the axial duct or canal of a hollow membrane.
摘要翻译： 特别是用于血液透析的透析膜通过从铜铵溶液中再生纤维素而形成为中空纤维，管状箔或扁平片，所述膜包含至少两个牢固粘附的纤维素层，所述至少一个透析层基本上由半透性再生的 纤维素和由所述再生纤维素组成的至少一个吸附剂层，其中包含相对于吸附剂层的干重优选为至多95重量％的吸附剂材料的细颗粒，优选为1至90％，特别是20 至70重量％时，吸附剂层为中空纤维结构体的一部分。 本发明的透析膜通过需要至少两种铜铵纤维素溶液的方法生产，其中一种不含吸附剂颗粒，另一种含有吸附剂颗粒的悬浮液，不同的溶液是从相邻的纺丝槽纺成立即层 层叠接触，然后通过短气隙引入凝结或沉淀浴中，以将吸附剂颗粒捕获在颗粒最初悬浮的纺丝层中。 肉豆蔻酸异丙酯作为中空膜的轴向管道或管道的液体填料是特别有利的。
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公开(公告)号：US4164437A
公开(公告)日：1979-08-14
申请号：US809486
申请日：1977-06-23
IPC分类号： A61M1/18 , A61M20060101 , A61M1/14 , A61M1/36 , B01D20060101 , B01D15/00 , B01D71/06 , B29D20060101 , B32B20060101 , B32B5/00 , B32B23/14 , C08J20060101 , C08J5/00 , C08J5/18 , D01F20060101 , D01F1/08 , D01F2/04
摘要： A dialyzing membrane, especially for hemodialysis, formed as a hollow fiber, tubular foil or flat sheet by regeneration of cellulose from a cuprammonium solution, the membrane comprising at least two firmly adhered cellulosic layers including at least one dialyzing layer consisting essentially of a semipermeable regenerated cellulose and at least one adsorbent layer consisting of said regenerated cellulose containing embedded therein fine particles of an adsorbent material in an amount of up to 95% by weight with reference to the dry weight of the adsorbent layer, preferably 1 to 90% and especially 20 to 70% by weight, when the adsorbent layer is part of a hollow fiber structure. The dialyzing membrane of the invention is produced by a method requiring at least two cuprammonium cellulose solutions, one of which is free of adsorbent particles and another of which contains a suspension of adsorbent particles, the different solutions being spun from adjacent spinning slots for immediate layer to layer contact and then introduced over a short air gap into a coagulating or precipitating bath to entrap the adsorbent particles in the spun layer in which the particles were originally suspended. Isopropyl myristate is particularly advantageous as a liquid filler for the axial duct or canal of a hollow membrane.
摘要翻译： 特别是用于血液透析的透析膜通过从铜铵溶液中再生纤维素而形成为中空纤维，管状箔或扁平片，所述膜包含至少两个牢固粘附的纤维素层，所述至少一个透析层基本上由半透性再生的 纤维素和由所述再生纤维素组成的至少一个吸附剂层，其中包含相对于吸附剂层的干重优选为至多95重量％的吸附剂材料的细颗粒，优选为1至90％，特别是20 至70重量％时，吸附剂层为中空纤维结构体的一部分。 本发明的透析膜通过需要至少两种铜铵纤维素溶液的方法生产，其中一种不含吸附剂颗粒，另一种含有吸附剂颗粒的悬浮液，不同的溶液是从相邻的纺丝槽纺成立即层 层叠接触，然后通过短气隙引入凝结或沉淀浴中，以将吸附剂颗粒捕获在颗粒最初悬浮的纺丝层中。 肉豆蔻酸异丙酯作为中空膜的轴向管道或管道的液体填料是特别有利的。
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公开(公告)号：US4212738A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-15
申请号：US889401
申请日：1978-03-23
申请人： Werner Henne
发明人： Werner Henne
CPC分类号： A61M1/1696 , A61M2209/088
摘要： A flexible artificial kidney, capable of being worn directly on the body of the patient, and characterized by a flexible hollow retentate chamber of about 3 to 50 cm.sup.3 in volume surrounded by a jacketed flexible dialysate chamber of about 300 to 5,000 cm.sup.3 in volume, preferably such that the dialysate chamber is at least about 100 times larger than the retentate chamber. Blood inlet and outlet lines to and from the retentate chamber are passed in fluid tight relationship through the jacketed wall of the dialysate chamber which in turn has a closable opening for filling and discharging the dialysate liquid. This artificial kidney is especially effective when adsorbent materials are added to the liquid in the dialysate chamber.
摘要翻译： 一种柔性人造肾，能够直接佩戴在患者身上，其特征在于容积为约300至5,000厘米3的夹套柔性透析液室围绕的体积约3至50厘米3的柔性中空滞留物室，优选为 使得透析液室比滞留室大至少约100倍。 通过渗透室的血液入口和出口管线通过透析液室的套管壁以流体密封的方式通过，透镜腔室又具有用于填充和排出透析液体的可关闭的开口。 当将吸附材料添加到透析液室中的液体时，该人造肾特别有效。
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公开(公告)号：US4708799A
公开(公告)日：1987-11-24
申请号：US777844
申请日：1985-09-17
申请人： Klaus Gerlach , Erich Kessler , Werner Henne
发明人： Klaus Gerlach , Erich Kessler , Werner Henne
IPC分类号： B01D69/08 , A61K35/14 , A61M1/16 , A61M1/18 , B01D67/00 , B01D69/02 , B01D71/26 , C08J9/28 , D01D5/24 , B01D39/00 , D02G3/00
CPC分类号： D01D5/24 , B01D69/08 , Y10T428/2935 , Y10T428/2975
摘要： A method for production of porous hollow polymer fiber membranes. A homogeneous mixture is prepared from at least two components where one component is a fusible polymer (10 to 30 percent) and a solvent component (70-90%) is inert relative to the polymer and where said components form a binary system having in the liquid state a region of complete miscibility as well as a miscibility gap. The mixture is extruded at a temperature above the phase segregation temperature of the mixture through a hollow fiber nozzle into a spinning tube containing a solvent inert to the polymer and having a temperature below the segregation temperature. Fiber and liquid are moved in the spinning tube in the same direction at about the same speed. After solidification the hollow fiber membrane is washed with a solvent.A liquid mixture containing biological cells and macromolecules is passed through the membrane produced for filtration and a filtration factor for human blood proteins with molecular weights of from about 60,000 to 3 million results of at least about 0.7.
摘要翻译： 一种生产多孔中空聚合物纤维膜的方法。 从至少两种组分制备均匀的混合物，其中一种组分是易熔聚合物（10％至30％），溶剂组分（70-90％）相对于聚合物是惰性的，并且其中所述组分形成二元体系， 液体状态是完全混溶的区域以及混溶性间隙。 将混合物在高于混合物的相分离温度的温度下通过中空纤维喷嘴挤出到含有对聚合物为惰性且温度低于分离温度的溶剂的纺丝管中。 纤维和液体以大致相同的速度在相同方向上在纺丝管中移动。 固化后，用溶剂洗涤中空纤维膜。 将含有生物细胞和大分子的液体混合物通过生产用于过滤的膜和用于人血液蛋白的过滤因子，其分子量为约6万至3百万个结果为至少约0.7。
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公开(公告)号：US4673506A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-16
申请号：US801520
申请日：1985-11-25
申请人： Werner Henne , Michael Pelger
发明人： Werner Henne , Michael Pelger
CPC分类号： B01D67/0095 , A01N31/02 , A61L2/18 , B01D65/02 , B01D65/022 , B01D2321/08 , B01D2321/168
摘要： A cleaning treatment is disclosed for the blood compartments of dialyzators which is effected still in the preparation stage. The dialyzators contain membranes of cellulose in the form of hollow filaments, tubes or flat foils. The cleaning treatment embraces the following measures:washing with water or aqueous solutions and evacuation of the compartments, then filling with a mixture of water, glycerin and alcohol and drying after a renewed evacuation--or, filling with water or aqueous solutions and subsequently closing the entrance and exit of the blood compartment. As a third measure, the compartments are sterilized with gamma radiation and/or ethylene oxide and/or superheated steam.
摘要翻译： 公开透析器的血液隔室的清洁处理，其仍在制备阶段中进行。 透析器含有中空丝，管或扁平箔形式的纤维素膜。 清洁处理包括以下措施：用水或水溶液洗涤并排空隔室，然后用水，甘油和酒精的混合物填充，并在更新排空后干燥，或者用水或水溶液填充，然后关闭 血液室的入口和出口。 作为第三个措施，隔室用γ辐射和/或环氧乙烷和/或过热蒸汽灭菌。
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