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公开(公告)号：US5403485A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-04
申请号：US63321
申请日：1993-05-19
IPC分类号： B01D61/24 , A61M1/18 , B01D63/02 , B01D67/00 , B01D69/08 , B01D71/16 , D01D5/24 , D01F2/28 , B01D33/21
CPC分类号： B01D71/16 , B01D69/08 , D01D5/24 , D01F2/28 , Y10T428/2975
摘要： A dialysis membrane in the form of a hollow fiber with a continuous internal cavity is made of cellulose acetate or a cellulose acetate derivative. The hollow fiber is made by using a gas to form the internal hollow cavity. A dialysis membrane in the form of a hollow fiber with a continuous hollow cavity may be made in a process using a spinning solution containing an organic carboxylic acid. Modification agents can be added to the solution and the solution extruded through a spinneret suitable for manufacturing hollow fibers, while an internal medium is introduced simultaneously into the internal cavity of the forming hollow fiber. The precipitation of the dialysis membrane thus formed and an ordinary further aftertreatment take place subsequently in a precipitation bath. The hollow fiber is made by using a gas as the internal medium to form the internal cavity.
摘要翻译： 具有连续内腔的中空纤维形式的透析膜由乙酸纤维素或醋酸纤维素衍生物制成。 通过使用气体形成中空纤维以形成内部中空腔。 可以使用含有有机羧酸的纺丝溶液的方法制造具有连续中空腔的中空纤维形式的透析膜。 可以向溶液中加入改性剂，并将溶液通过适于制造中空纤维的喷丝头挤出，同时将内部介质同时引入成型中空纤维的内腔中。 这样形成的透析膜的沉淀和普通的进一步的后处理随后在沉淀浴中进行。 中空纤维通过使用气体作为内部介质来形成内部空腔。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4668396A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-26
申请号：US765530
申请日：1985-08-14
申请人： Ulrich Baurmeister , Walter Brodowski , Michael Diamantoglou , Gustav Dunweg , Werner Henne , Michael Pelger , Helmut Schulze
发明人： Ulrich Baurmeister , Walter Brodowski , Michael Diamantoglou , Gustav Dunweg , Werner Henne , Michael Pelger , Helmut Schulze
摘要： A dialysis membrane used for hemodialysis having a structure comprised of flat films, blown films or tubular threads of substitution-modified cellulose, in which the effects of complement activation and leukopenia are clearly reduced. The average degree of substitution of the modified cellulose is 0.02 to 0.07. Dialysis membranes, which have proven successful within the scope of the invention, contain modified cellulose, having a structure represented by the formula cellulose-Z, wherein Z represents the group --R'--X--Y.X is at least one member selected from the group consisting of ##STR1## Y is at least one member selected from the group consisting of --R, --NR.sub.2, --Si(OR").sub.3, --SO.sub.3 H, --COOH, --PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, --N.sup.+ HR.sub.2, --OR" and the salts thereof.R' is at least one member selected from the group consisting of an alkylenes cycloalkylenes and arylenes having a total of 1 to 25 carbon atoms.R" is a hydrogen atom or R.R is at least one member selected from the group consisting of an alkyls with 1 to 5 carbon atoms, cycloalkyls and an aryls.
摘要翻译： 用于血液透析的透析膜具有包含补体活化和白细胞减少的效果的取代改性纤维素的平膜，吹膜或管状线构成的结构。 改性纤维素的平均取代度为0.02〜0.07。 已经证明在本发明范围内成功的透析膜含有具有式Z-基团-R'-X-Y所示结构式纤维素-Z的改性纤维素。 X是从由以下组成的组中选择的至少一个成员：Y是至少一个选自-R，-NR2，-Si（OR“）3，-SO3H， -COOH，-PO 3 H 2，-N + HR 2，-OR“及其盐。 R'是选自具有总共1至25个碳原子的亚烷基环烷烃和亚芳基中的至少一种。 R“是氢原子或R.R是选自具有1至5个碳原子的烷基，环烷基和芳基中的至少一个。
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公开(公告)号：US5387345A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-07
申请号：US63331
申请日：1993-05-19
IPC分类号： B01D61/24 , A61M1/18 , B01D63/02 , B01D69/02 , B01D69/08 , B01D71/12 , B01D71/16 , B01D71/18 , D01D5/24 , D01F2/28 , B01D11/00 , B01D33/21 , B01D39/00
摘要： A dialysis membrane in the form of a hollow fiber with a continuous internal cavity is made of cellulose acetate or a cellulose acetate derivative. The membrane has a maximum sieving coefficient of 0.04 for albumin with a molecular weight of 68,000. A dialysis membrane in the form of a hollow fiber with a continuous internal cavity may be made in a process using a spinning solution containing an organic carboxylic acid and a cavity-forming liquid. Modification agents and/or water are optionally added and the solution is extruded through a spinneret suitable for the manufacture of hollow fibers. The precipitation of the resultant dialysis membrane and the usual further aftertreatment take place in a precipitation bath. The organic carboxylic acid preferably is acetic acid and the precipitation bath preferably is a diluted acetic acid.
摘要翻译： 具有连续内腔的中空纤维形式的透析膜由乙酸纤维素或醋酸纤维素衍生物制成。 对于分子量为68,000的白蛋白，该膜的最大筛分系数为0.04。 具有连续内腔的中空纤维形式的透析膜可以在使用含有有机羧酸和空腔形成液体的纺丝溶液的方法中制备。 任选地加入改性剂和/或水，并通过适于制造中空纤维的喷丝头将溶液挤出。 所得透析膜的沉淀和通常的进一步后处理在沉淀浴中进行。 有机羧酸优选为乙酸，沉淀浴优选为稀释的乙酸。
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公开(公告)号：US4332752A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-01
申请号：US80788
申请日：1979-10-01
申请人： Werner Henne , Werner Bandel , Gustav Dunweg
发明人： Werner Henne , Werner Bandel , Gustav Dunweg
CPC分类号： B01D71/10 , B01D69/082 , D01D5/20 , D01D5/24
摘要： Dialysis membranes are described in which two or more hollow fibers of cellulose regenerated from cuoxam solution are spun together and connected to each other parallel to the fiber axis. The connection may be in the form of crosspieces, which should be between about 1 and 3 times the thickness of the hollow fiber walls. A novel process for preparation of the dialysis membrane hollow fibers is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 描述了透析膜，其中将两个或更多个由cuoxam溶液再生的纤维素中空纤维纺丝在一起并且彼此平行于纤维轴线连接。 连接件可以是横档的形式，其应该在中空纤维壁的厚度的约1至3倍之间。 还公开了一种制备透析膜中空纤维的新方法。
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公开(公告)号：US5427684A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-27
申请号：US73359
申请日：1993-06-07
摘要： A dialysis membrane for hemodialysis in the form of sheet films, tubular films, or hollow fibers is composed of a polysaccharide ether. The polysaccharide ether has a structure given by the formula ##STR1## in which cell is the skeleton of the unmodified cellulose molecule or of the chitin molecule, each with no hydroxyl groups, s is equal to 3 for the unmodified cellulose molecule and 2 for the chitin molecule, and x is the degree of etherification, which is in the range from 0.001 to 0.079, and R is an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, aryl, arylalkyl, arylalkenyl, and/or arylalkynyl group with 3 to 25 carbon atoms, and/or the radical of a heterocyclic compound with 3 to 25 carbon atoms, in which the carbon chain may be interrupted by oxygen or sulfur atoms.
摘要翻译： 以薄膜，管状薄膜或中空纤维的形式进行血液透析的透析膜由多糖醚构成。 多糖醚具有由式“IMAGE”给出的结构，其中细胞是未修饰的纤维素分子或几丁质分子的骨架，每个不含羟基，对于未修饰的纤维素分子s等于3，对于未修饰的纤维素分子，s等于3 甲壳素分子，x是醚化度，其范围为0.001至0.079，R为任选取代的烷基，烯基，炔基，环烷基，环烯基，环炔基，芳基，芳基烷基，芳基烯基和/或芳基炔基 具有3至25个碳原子，和/或具有3至25个碳原子的杂环化合物的基团，其中碳链可被氧或硫原子间隔开。
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公开(公告)号：US4610791A
公开(公告)日：1986-09-09
申请号：US501527
申请日：1983-06-06
申请人： Werner Henne , Gustav Dunweg
发明人： Werner Henne , Gustav Dunweg
IPC分类号： B01D71/06 , A61M20060101 , A61M1/16 , B01D20060101 , B01D69/02 , B01D71/10 , C08B16/00 , C08J5/18 , C08J9/26 , C08L1/00 , C08L1/02 , B01D13/00
CPC分类号： B01D71/10 , B01D67/0083 , B01D67/0095 , B01D69/02 , B01D69/08 , B01D69/148 , B01D2325/20 , B01D61/145 , B01D61/243
摘要： A single or multilayer dialysis membrane, constructed as a flat film, a tubular foil or especially as hollow fibers, the membrane being made of a regenerated cuprammonium cellulose which may be unmodified or partly modified by alkyl, carboxyalkyl or hydroxyalkyl groups, and said membrane being characterized by an ultrafiltration capacity at 37.degree. C. of 7 to 30 ml/hr.multidot.m.sup.2.mmHg, an average molecular permeability, based upon vitamin B12, of about 3.multidot.10.sup.-3 to 12.multidot.10.sup.-3 cm/min, and a water retention value of more than 145%, calculated according to the German Industrial Standard (DIN) 53814. The new membrane is prepared by the known cuprammonium process but with the addition of a finely ground CuO with a maximum particle size of 20 microns to the standard cuprammonium solution. After casting, extruding or spinning this solution into a coagulating bath, e.g. an alkaline coagulating bath, the regenerated and shaped cellulosic film, foil or filament is given an acid treatment, preferably with sulfuric acid, sufficient to substantially remove the solid CuO particles and to provide a significantly higher pore volume content and other favorable properties in the final membrane.
摘要翻译： 构成平膜的单层或多层透析膜，管状箔或特别是中空纤维，膜由再生的铜铵纤维素制成，可以通过烷基，羧基烷基或羟烷基进行未改性或部分改性，所述膜为 其特征在于在37℃下的超滤能力为7至30ml / hr×m2mmHg，基于维生素B12的平均分子渗透性为约3×10 -3至12×10 -3 cm / min，保水值为更多 超过145％，根据德国工业标准（DIN）53814计算。新膜通过已知的铜铵法制备，但添加了最大粒度为20微米的精细研磨的CuO至标准铜铵溶液。 在浇铸之后，将该溶液挤出或纺丝到凝固浴中，例如 碱性凝固浴，再生和成型的纤维素膜，箔或细丝被给予酸处理，优选用硫酸处理，足以基本上除去固体CuO颗粒，并在最终的溶液中提供显着更高的孔体积含量和其它有利的性质 膜。
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公开(公告)号：US4276172A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-30
申请号：US875926
申请日：1978-02-07
申请人： Werner Henne , Gustav Dunweg
发明人： Werner Henne , Gustav Dunweg
IPC分类号： D01F2/04 , A61M1/18 , B01D69/04 , B01D69/08 , B01D69/12 , B01D71/06 , B01D71/10 , B01D31/00 , B01D13/00
CPC分类号： B01D69/088 , B01D69/04 , B01D69/085 , B01D69/12 , B01D71/10
摘要： A multilayer cellulosic membrane for blood dialysis and a method for the production of said membrane by regeneration from separately extruded cuprammonium cellulose solutions brought together to form two or more permanently adhered layers, each layer forming a seal against blood penetration through the leakage points of an adjacent layer, the resulting multilayer membrane thus being substantially free of blood leakage over the total thickness of the membrane. Especially preferred membranes for blood dialysis are those in which the layer arranged on the blood side of the diaphragm contains a modified cellulose chemically bound with an antithrombogenic substance.
摘要翻译： 用于血液透析的多层纤维素膜和通过从单独挤出的铜铵纤维素溶液再生而生产所述膜的方法一起形成两个或更多个永久粘附的层，每个层形成密封，以防止穿过相邻的泄漏点的血液渗透 因此所得到的多层膜基本上没有血液渗漏超过膜的总厚度。 用于血液透析的特别优选的膜是其中布置在隔膜的血液侧上的层含有与抗血栓形成物质化学结合的改性纤维素的膜。
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公开(公告)号：US5505859A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-09
申请号：US196100
申请日：1994-02-17
CPC分类号： B01D69/08 , B01D69/082 , B01D71/10
摘要： A dialysis membrane is made of a regenerated cellulose polymer in the form of a hollow fiber with a continuous internal cavity filled essentially with a gas. The hollow fiber has a porous inner and an outer surface. The outer surface of the hollow fiber is formed by a thin skin which has fine lengthwise grooves. The inner surface of the hollow fiber is positively modified by physical and/or chemical means.The invention also includes a method for manufacturing such a dialysis membrane.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP92 / 01801 Sec。 371日期1994年2月17日 102（e）日期1994年2月17日PCT提交1992年8月7日PCT公布。 出版物WO93 / 03829 日期1993年3月4日。透析膜由中空纤维形式的再生纤维素聚合物制成，其具有基本上充满气体的连续内腔。 中空纤维具有多孔的内表面和外表面。 中空纤维的外表面由具有细长纵向槽的薄皮形成。 中空纤维的内表面通过物理和/或化学方式积极修饰。 本发明还包括制造这种透析膜的方法。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4933084A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-12
申请号：US690977
申请日：1985-01-11
申请人： Werner Bandel , Werner Henne , Gustav Dunweg
发明人： Werner Bandel , Werner Henne , Gustav Dunweg
CPC分类号： D01D5/24 , B01D69/087 , B01D71/10 , D01D5/20 , Y10T428/2931 , Y10T428/2975 , Y10T428/2976
摘要： Dialysis membranes are disclosed, in the shape of hollow fibers composed of cellulose regenerated from copper-ammonia solution, having a continuous hollow cavity and a closed wall, wherein in any cross-section normal to the direction of the fiber axis the difference of the distance to the outer wall surface and the distance to the inner wall surface, each measured from the fiber midpoint, varies along the periphery, the fiber midpoint being the midpoint of the circle circumscribing the fiber cross-section, and the cross-section normal to the direction of the fiber axis possessing the shape of a circle, a deformed circle, an ellipse, a kidney-shaped deformed ellipse, or a deformed quadrangle. In one particular embodiment, the wall thickness of the hollow fiber along its periphery at least once continuously increases to a maximum thickness and decreases to a minimum thickness, the respective maximum and minimum thicknesses being spaced approximately equally about the periphery, with all portions of maximum thickness having the same maximum thickness and all portions of minimum thickness having the same minimum thickness.
摘要翻译： 公开透析膜，其形状为由铜 - 氨溶液再生的纤维构成的中空纤维，其具有连续的中空腔和闭合壁，其中在与纤维轴方向垂直的任何横截面中，距离的差异 并且从纤维中点测量的距离内壁表面的距离沿着周边变化，纤维中点是围绕纤维横截面的圆的中点，并且横截面垂直于 具有圆形，变形圆，椭圆，肾形变形椭圆或变形四边形的纤维轴的方向。 在一个具体实施例中，中空纤维沿着其周边的壁厚至少一次连续地增加到最大厚度并且减小到最小厚度，相应的最大和最小厚度围绕周边大致相等地间隔，其中所有部分最大 具有相同最大厚度的厚度和具有相同最小厚度的最小厚度的所有部分。
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公开(公告)号：US4267047A
公开(公告)日：1981-05-12
申请号：US030705
申请日：1979-04-16
CPC分类号： B01D71/10 , B01D69/04 , B01D69/06 , B01D69/08 , B01D69/12 , B01D69/147 , B01D2325/12 , B01D61/243
摘要： A dialyzing membrane, especially for hemodialysis, formed as a hollow fiber, tubular foil or flat sheet by regeneration of cellulose from a cuprammonium solution, the membrane comprising at least two firmly adhered cellulosic layers including at least one dialyzing layer consisting essentially of a semipermeable regenerated cellulose and at least one adsorbent layer consisting of said regenerated cellulose containing embedded therein fine particles of an adsorbent material in an amount of up to 95% by weight with reference to the dry weight of the adsorbent layer, preferably 1 to 90% and especially 20 to 70% by weight, when the adsorbent layer is part of a hollow fiber structure. The dialyzing membrane of the invention is produced by a method requiring at least two cuprammonium cellulose solutions, one of which is free of adsorbent particles and another of which contains a suspension of adsorbent particles, the different solutions being spun from adjacent spinning slots for immediate layer to layer contact and then introduced over a short air gap into a coagulating or precipitating bath to entrap the adsorbent particles in the spun layer in which the particles were originally suspended. Isopropyl myristate is particularly advantageous as a liquid filler for the axial duct or canal of a hollow membrane.
摘要翻译： 特别是用于血液透析的透析膜通过从铜铵溶液中再生纤维素而形成为中空纤维，管状箔或扁平片，所述膜包含至少两个牢固粘附的纤维素层，所述至少一个透析层基本上由半透性再生的 纤维素和由所述再生纤维素组成的至少一个吸附剂层，其中包含相对于吸附剂层的干重优选为至多95重量％的吸附剂材料的细颗粒，优选为1至90％，特别是20 至70重量％时，吸附剂层为中空纤维结构体的一部分。 本发明的透析膜通过需要至少两种铜铵纤维素溶液的方法生产，其中一种不含吸附剂颗粒，另一种含有吸附剂颗粒的悬浮液，不同的溶液是从相邻的纺丝槽纺成立即层 层叠接触，然后通过短气隙引入凝结或沉淀浴中，以将吸附剂颗粒捕获在颗粒最初悬浮的纺丝层中。 肉豆蔻酸异丙酯作为中空膜的轴向管道或管道的液体填料是特别有利的。
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