Abstract:
An RC oscillator includes an RC network for forming a time constant equal to the RC product. However, this RC time constant is not used in the manner of a typical RC network to set the frequency of oscillation. Instead, the RC oscillator disclosed herein includes a separate oscillator, such as a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), and uses the RC time constant to compare with the oscillator-generated period and to adjust the frequency of the overall RC oscillator circuit in accordance with the comparison. The RC oscillator is self-calibrating.
Abstract:
A digitally-tuned oscillator (DTO) includes a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and an RC oscillator. The RC oscillator includes an RC circuit for forming a time constant equal to the RC product. However, this RC time constant is not used in the manner of a typical RC network to set the frequency of oscillation. Instead, the RC oscillator disclosed herein includes a separate oscillator, such as a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), and uses the RC time constant to compare with the oscillator-generated period and to adjust the frequency of the overall RC oscillator circuit in accordance with the comparison. The RC oscillator is self-calibrating.
Abstract:
A stability-compensated, integrated-circuit operational amplifier has an open-loop gain versus frequency characteristic which provides stable and accurate closed-loop operation in numerous overall circuits including a CMOS circuit for producing a precision current as a reference to a digital-to-analog converter. The operational amplifier comprises an inverting node and a non-inverting node, and CMOS circuitry defining two differential amplifiers. Each differential amplifier is connected to the inverting node and the non-inverting node. The first differential amplifier has an output node, and produces on the output node an output potential that defines an output signal having a magnitude that is a function of the magnitude of the difference between a first potential at the inverting node and a second potential at the non-inverting node. The second differential amplifier is also connected to the inverting node and the non-inverting node. The second differential amplifier produces a compensation signal. The operational amplifier further includes capacitive circuitry for coupling the compensation signal to the non-inverting node.
Abstract:
A timer initialization circuit is used to stabilize a timing signal of a system timed using a core oscillator. The timer initialization circuit includes a circuit which disables the core oscillator during a power-down mode and re-enables the core oscillator upon termination of the power-down mode. The timer initialization circuit also includes a circuit which stores an indication of an oscillation frequency at which the circuit operates immediately preceding the power-down mode.
Abstract:
A monolithic frequency converter using a feedback control loop generates a source of synthesized frequency signals over a wide dynamic range based on a timing source such as a crystal oscillator or an external frequency source. The frequency converter includes a controlled oscillator, a frequency counter, a timing signal generator and, connected between the frequency counter and the controlled oscillator, a digital to analog converter and a difference integrator. The controlled oscillator generates a clock signal at a frequency controlled by an electrical signal. The difference integrator is connected to an input signal terminal and connected to the timing signal generator. The difference integrator determines a difference signal between the input signal and a signal operated upon by the digital to analog converter and integrates the difference signal under control of a timing signal generated by the timing signal generator. The frequency converter has a highly linear transfer function which is established by the resolution of a frequency counter. For example, a transfer function having approximately 0.1% accuracy in linearity is achieved using a 10-bit resolution frequency counter. Using indirect frequency synthesis, the controlled oscillator generates precisely controlled timing signals.
Abstract:
A method for controlling a programmable source of a plurality of string of clock signals, a program is stored with a plurality of different indications of desired frequencies, each indication corresponding to one of the strings of clock signals. The frequency of each of a plurality of oscillator is controlled by the memory content of a separate memory for each oscillator. The content of each memory is adjusted in accordance with the actual frequency of each string, the frequency indicated by the corresponding indication of a desired frequency and a reference.
Abstract:
A component detector circuit operates to detect the presence or absence of a circuit component, such as an external component. A resistor detecting circuit includes a biasing circuit connected to the resistor. The biasing circuit generating a bias current. The resistor detecting circuit also includes a bias current threshold detector connected to the biasing circuit and a circuit connected to the bias current threshold detector which generates a signal indicative that the bias current is lower than threshold. A capacitor detecting circuit includes a circuit connected to a resistor and configured to be connected to a capacitor which establishes a time constant proportional to an RC product of the resistor and capacitor. The capacitor detecting circuit also includes a circuit which determines whether the time constant is within a range of appropriate time constants and a circuit which generates a signal indicative that the time constant is outside the range of appropriate time constants, which indicates that the capacitor is disconnected.
Abstract:
A low power RC oscillator includes a low power bias circuit and an RC network. The RC network is used to form a time constant equal to the RC product. However, this RC time constant is not used in the manner of a typical RC network to set the frequency of oscillation. Instead, the RC oscillator disclosed herein includes a separate oscillator, such as a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), and uses the RC time constant to compare with the oscillator-generated period and to adjust the frequency of the overall RC oscillator circuit in accordance with the comparison. The RC oscillator is self-calibrating.
Abstract:
A comparator which is used to compare two analog voltages and provide a single ended output comprises three CMOS differential amplifiers. The use of three differential amplifiers provides improved matching of input capacitance, and a reduction in propagation delay over prior art use of a single differential amplifier. The comparator may be adopted for use in certain CMOS processes to extend the maximum operating voltage by limiting the internal node voltages otherwise subject to damage from impact ionization. An alternative embodiment is disclosed for comparing two analog voltages that are outside the power supply voltage range.
Abstract:
A DAC embodied in a CMOS integrated circuit converts a multi-bit digital signal to an analog-current signal. A higher-order portion of the digital signal, e.g., the most significant 5 bits of a byte, are decoded separately from the lower-order portion, e.g., the 3 least significant bits. The DAC includes circuitry for producing a first bias voltage, a first set of current sources each biased by the first bias voltage to produce a switchable current having a unit magnitude, and switching circuitry controlled by the decoded lower-order portion to cause a selected number of the unit-magnitude currents to contribute to the analog-current signal. The DAC further includes circuitry for producing a second bias voltage, a second set of current sources each biased by the second bias voltage to produce a switchable current having a multi-unit magnitude, and switching circuitry controlled by the decoded higher-order portion to cause a selected number of the multi-unit-magnitude currents to contribute to the analog-current signal.