摘要:
A charging apparatus for charging a member to be charged by contacting magnetic particles to the member to be charged, includes a magnetic particle carrying member for magnetically carrying the magnetic particles, wherein the magnetic particle carrying member is provided at a longitudinal end portion of the magnetic particle carrying member with an insulative portion for electrically insulating from the magnetic particles carried by the magnetic particle carrying member; and an electroconductive member disposed for contacting the magnetic particles carried on the insulative portion, wherein an absolute value of a potential of the electroconductive member is lower than an absolute value of a voltage applied to the magnetic particle carrying member.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member and a charging device configured to charge the image bearing member. The charging device includes a magnetic particle carrier and a magnetic particle regulating member configured to regulate magnetic particles carried by the magnetic particle carrier. The charging device causes the magnetic particles carried by the magnetic particle carrier to contact the image bearing member, and applies a voltage to the magnetic particle carrier to charge the image bearing member. An electrode has a contact area via which the electrode can contact magnetic particles stored in a particle pool defined by the magnetic particle carrier and the magnetic particle regulating member. The contact area is variable according to an amount of the magnetic particles stored in the particle pool. A current detection device detects a value of current flowing from the magnetic particle carrier to the electrode via the magnetic particles.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member and a charging device configured to charge the image bearing member. The charging device includes a magnetic particle carrier and a magnetic particle regulating member configured to regulate magnetic particles carried by the magnetic particle carrier. The charging device causes the magnetic particles carried by the magnetic particle carrier to contact the image bearing member, and applies a voltage to the magnetic particle carrier to charge the image bearing member. An electrode has a contact area via which the electrode can contact magnetic particles stored in a particle pool defined by the magnetic particle carrier and the magnetic particle regulating member. The contact area is variable according to an amount of the magnetic particles stored in the particle pool. A current detection device detects a value of current flowing from the magnetic particle carrier to the electrode via the magnetic particles.
摘要:
A charging apparatus for charging a member to be charged by contacting magnetic particles to the member to be charged, includes a magnetic particle carrying member for magnetically carrying the magnetic particles, wherein the magnetic particle carrying member is provided at a longitudinal end portion of the magnetic particle carrying member with an insulative portion for electrically insulating from the magnetic particles carried by the magnetic particle carrying member; and an electroconductive member disposed for contacting the magnetic particles carried on the insulative portion, wherein an absolute value of a potential of the electroconductive member is lower than an absolute value of a voltage applied to the magnetic particle carrying member.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member; a charging device, including a rotatable magnetic particle carrying member and electroconductive magnetic particles carried on the rotatable magnetic particle carrying member, for charging the image bearing member by contacting the magnetic particles to the image bearing member; a measuring device for measuring magnitudes of a first force in a first direction and a second force in a second direction which are produced in a contact region between the image bearing member and the magnetic particles, wherein the first direction and second direction are independent from each other; and a control device for controlling an image forming operation on the basis of the forces measured by the measuring device.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member; a charging device, including a rotatable magnetic particle carrying member and electroconductive magnetic particles carried on the rotatable magnetic particle carrying member, for charging the image bearing member by contacting the magnetic particles to the image bearing member; the measuring device for measuring magnitudes of a first force in a first direction and a second force in a second direction which are produced in a contact region between the image bearing member and the magnetic particle, wherein the first direction and second direction are independent from each other; and a control device for controlling an image forming operation on the basis of the forces measured by the measuring device.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes a rotatable drum; charging means for charging the drum, the charging means including a first carrying member for carrying electroconductive magnetic particles and a second carrying member for carrying the magnetic particles, the second carrying member being disposed at a downstreammost position with respect to a rotational direction of the drum, wherein the magnetic particle is in contact with the drum while charging the drum; latent image forming means, disposed at a position downstream of the charging means, for forming a latent image on the drum; potential detecting means for detecting a surface potential of the drum, the potential detecting means being disposed downstream of the charging means and upstream of the latent image forming means; phase detecting means for detecting information relates to a rotational phase of the second carrying member; control means for controlling voltages applied to the first carrying member and to the second carrying member; and wherein the control means is capable of executing an operation in a control mode for controlling the voltages applied to the first carrying member and to the second carrying member, on the basis of a result of detection by the potential detecting means and a result of detection by the phase detecting means.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes a rotatable drum, a charging section for charging the drum, a latent image forming section, a potential detector, a phase detector, and a controller. The charging section includes a first carrying member and a second carrying member for carrying electroconductive magnetic particles. The second carrying member is disposed downstream of said first carrying member. The latent image forming section forms a latent image on the drum, and is disposed downstream of the charging section. The potential detector detects a surface potential of the drum, and is disposed downstream of the charging section. The phase detector detects information relating to a rotational phase of the second carrying member. The controller controls voltages applied to the first carrying member and to the second carrying member, on the basis of a result of detection by the potential detector and a result of detection by the phase detector.
摘要:
The technical task of the present invention is to provide a lead-free glass for semiconductor encapsulation, which is easy to automate an appearance inspection, and furthermore, has excellent refinability and encapsulatability of semiconductor devices. In the lead-free glass for semiconductor encapsulation according to the present invention, a temperature at which the viscosity of glass is 106 dPa·s is 670° C. or lower, and, as a glass composition, the content of CeO2 is from 0.01 to 6% by mass, and the content of Sb2O3 is 0.1% by mass or less.
摘要翻译:本发明的技术任务是提供一种用于半导体封装的无铅玻璃,其容易自动进行外观检查,此外,具有优异的可熔性和半导体器件的可封装性。 在本发明的半导体封装用无铅玻璃中,玻璃粘度为106dPa·s的温度为670℃以下,作为玻璃组合物,CeO 2的含量为0.01 〜6质量%,Sb 2 O 3的含量为0.1质量%以下。
摘要:
A semiconductor element including an MISFET exhibits diode characteristics in a reverse direction through an epitaxial channel layer. The semiconductor element includes: a silicon carbide semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type, semiconductor layer of the first conductivity type, body region of a second conductivity type, source region of the first conductivity type, epitaxial channel layer in contact with the body region, source electrode, gate insulating film, gate electrode and drain electrode. If the voltage applied to the gate electrode is smaller than a threshold voltage, the semiconductor element functions as a diode wherein current flows from the source electrode to the drain electrode through the epitaxial channel layer. The absolute value of the turn-on voltage of this diode is smaller than the turn-on voltage of a body diode that is formed of the body region and the first silicon carbide semiconductor layer.