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公开(公告)号：US4590521A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-20
申请号：US524957
申请日：1983-08-19
申请人： Krishna Rallapalli , Shinkyo Kaku
发明人： Krishna Rallapalli , Shinkyo Kaku
摘要： A high speed picture element generator for use in a digital facsimile receiver for reforming picture elements from decoded facsimile transmission signals. The picture element generator receives the decoded facsimile signals in the form of run length data of sequential color units in a line of picture. An input register of the picture element generator receives the run length data of a color unit, and an output register holds the picture element data. A decoder, coupled to the input register, generates the picture element data for the output register from the run length data. The decoder is also coupled to the output register so that the generated picture data fills portions of the output register unoccupied by the picture element data of previous color units.
摘要翻译： 一种用于数字传真接收机的高速像素发生器，用于从解码的传真发送信号重构图像元素。 像素生成器以一行画面中的顺序颜色单元的游程长度数据的形式接收解码的传真信号。 图像元素生成器的输入寄存器接收彩色单元的游程长度数据，并且输出寄存器保存图像元素数据。 耦合到输入寄存器的解码器根据游程长度数据生成用于输出寄存器的图像元素数据。 解码器还耦合到输出寄存器，使得所生成的图像数据填充由先前颜色单元的图像元素数据未占据的输出寄存器的部分。
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公开(公告)号：US4558371A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-10
申请号：US524818
申请日：1983-08-19
申请人： Krishna Rallapalli , Shinkyo Kaku
发明人： Krishna Rallapalli , Shinkyo Kaku
CPC分类号： H04N1/4175 , G06T9/005
摘要： A method and device for two-dimensionally coding digital facsimile signals, especially for the CCITT T.4 recommended standard. A line of digitized picture elements is coded with respect to a reference line of digitized picture elements. The run lengths of color units previous to color change picture elements in the coding and reference lines are accumulated, and the positions of the color change picture elements in the coding line with respect to the positions of the color change picture elements in the reference line are determined by the differences between the accumulated run lengths of the coding and reference line color change picture element and the reference line color change picture elements. The steps are selectively repeated in predetermined sequences responsive to the value of the accumulated run length differences. The present invention also provides for a facsimile device which has control logic for controlling the operations of the device, sequential generators of the accumulated run lengths of each change picture element in the coding line and reference line, logic for determining the differences in the accumulated run lengths of coding and reference line picture elements and an encoder for encoding the difference in accordance with a predetermined code, whereby the control logic responsive to the differences, selectively advances the generators for the accumulated run lengths of the next coding line and reference line change picture elements.
摘要翻译： 一种用于二维编码数字传真信号的方法和装置，特别是对于CCITT T.4推荐标准。 相对于数字化图像元素的参考线对一行数字化图像元素进行编码。 累积在编码和参考线中的颜色改变图像元素之前的颜色单元的游程长度，并且编码行中的颜色改变图像元素相对于参考线中的颜色改变图像元素的位置的位置是 由编码和参考线颜色变化象素的累积行程长度与基准线颜色变化象素之间的差异决定。 响应于累积的行程长度差的值，以预定的顺序选择性地重复这些步骤。 本发明还提供了一种具有用于控制设备操作的控制逻辑的传真设备，编码行和参考线中每个改变图像元素的累积行程长度的顺序发生器，用于确定累积运行中的差异的逻辑 编码和参考线图像元素的长度以及根据预定代码编码差分的编码器，由此响应差异的控制逻辑选择性地使发生器推进下一个编码行的累积游程长度和参考线改变图 元素。
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公开(公告)号：US4562484A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-31
申请号：US524816
申请日：1983-08-19
申请人： Krishna Rallapalli , Shinkyo Kaku
发明人： Krishna Rallapalli , Shinkyo Kaku
CPC分类号： H04N1/4175 , G06T9/005
摘要： A method and device for decoding two-dimensionally encoded digital facsimile signals. The method includes (a) accumulating the run lengths of color change picture elements in the reference line, (b) decoding a codeword to generate a displacement value, (c) combining the accumulated run length of a reference line color change picture element and a displacement value to obtain accumulated run lengths of coded line color change picture elements, and (d) determining the difference between accumulated run lengths of a coded line color change picture element. The difference is the decoded data. The device has a control logic, a reference line processor for generating the accumulated run lengths of color change picture elements in the reference line, a coded line processor for generating displacement values from the encoded codewords, and a combining part for combining the reference line accumulated run lengths and the displacement values to obtain the accumulated run lengths of color change picture elements in the coded line and for determining the differences between coded line accumulated run lengths, which are the decoded run lengths of the color units in the coded line.
摘要翻译： 一种用于解码二维编码的数字传真信号的方法和装置。 该方法包括：（a）累积参考线中的颜色变化图像元素的游程长度，（b）对代码字进行解码以产生位移值，（c）将参考线颜色变化图像元素的累积游程长度与 位移值，以获得编码行彩色图像元素的累积行程长度，以及（d）确定编码行颜色变化图像元素的累积行程长度之间的差异。 不同的是解码数据。 该装置具有控制逻辑，用于产生参考线中颜色变化图像元素的累积行程长度的参考线处理器，用于从编码码字产生位移值的编码行处理器，以及用于组合累积参考线的组合部分 运行长度和位移值，以获得编码行中的颜色变化图像元素的累积行程长度，并确定作为编码行中的色彩单位的解码游程长度的编码行累积行程长度之间的差异。
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公开(公告)号：US4542413A
公开(公告)日：1985-09-17
申请号：US524817
申请日：1983-08-19
申请人： Krishna Rallapalli , Shinkyo Kaku
发明人： Krishna Rallapalli , Shinkyo Kaku
摘要： A high speed facsimile device suitable for integration using present day VLSI technology, for encoding binarily digitized picture information into run length codes. The device receives consecutive blocks of digitized picture data. In the device a run length generator unit, which is responsive to these consecutive blocks of picture data, generates the run lengths of color units in a data block. A combining unit coupled to the run length generator unit combines the run lengths of color units in more than one data block and an encoding unit coupled to the run length generator block and the combining unit generates in a pre-determined code, such as the recommended CCITT T.4 standard, the coded run lengths of color units independent of the data blocks.
摘要翻译： 适用于使用当今VLSI技术进行集成的高速传真设备，用于将二进制数字化的图像信息编码为游程长度代码。 设备接收连续的数字化图像数据块。 在设备中，响应于这些连续的图像数据块的游程长度生成器单元生成数据块中的颜色单元的游程长度。 耦合到游程长度发生器单元的组合单元组合多于一个数据块中的颜色单元的游程长度和耦合到游程长度生成器块的编码单元，并且组合单元以预定的代码生成，例如推荐的 CCITT T.4标准，独立于数据块的颜色单位的编码运行长度。
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公开(公告)号：US07415210B2
公开(公告)日：2008-08-19
申请号：US10628091
申请日：2003-07-28
IPC分类号： H04J14/02
CPC分类号： H04B10/40 , G02B6/29364
摘要： The optical signal multiplexer/demultiplexer of the invention is characterized by incorporating a bidirectional optical transceiver which is capable of using individual channels working in a transmitting and receiving modes simultaneously. The device consists of a number of optical prisms combined into a single module and provided with appropriate dichroic mirrors and interferrometric filters located on the outer surfaces of the prisms. According to one embodiment of the invention, the module consists of two sequentially arranged parallelogram prisms, a single-channel signal input/output unit with an optical collimator/focusator on one side of the prism module and a two-channel signal output/input unit with a respective optical collimator/focusator on the other side of the prism module. The first prism, which is located on the single-channel side has a first antireflective coating transparent to all input/output signals (λ1, λ2, λ3) and a second coating located on the two-channel side of the first prism that reflects one optical signal (λ2) and passes the remaining two optical signals (λ1 and λ3). Thus, the input/output signals of several different wavelengths can be multiplexed/demultiplexed while passing in a multi-bounce zigzag expanded beam light paths in various combinations of signal-propagation directions. A pair of prism modules described above may be built-into a section of the main signal transmission/reception line and the output side of each prism module may be connected to a respective bidirectional optical signal transceiver.
摘要翻译： 本发明的光信号多路复用器/解复用器的特征在于结合了双向光收发器，其能够使用在发送和接收模式中同时工作的各个信道。 该装置由多个光学棱镜组成单个模块，并且设置有位于棱镜外表面上的适当的二向色镜和干涉测微滤光片。 根据本发明的一个实施例，该模块由两个顺序布置的平行四边形棱镜组成，单通道信号输入/输出单元，其在棱镜模块的一侧具有光学准直器/聚焦器，以及双通道信号输出/输入单元 在棱镜模块的另一侧具有相应的光学准直器/聚焦器。 位于单通道侧的第一棱镜具有对所有输入/输出信号透明的第一抗反射涂层（λ1，λ2，λ2， 3λ）和位于第一棱镜的双通道侧上的第二涂层，其反射一个光信号（λ2 SUB），并将剩余的两个光信号（λ1） ＆lt; / SUB＆gt;和lambda 3＆lt; 3＆gt;）。 因此，可以在以信号传播方向的各种组合的多跳曲折扩展光束光路中通过多个不同波长的输入/输出信号进行复用/解复用。 上述一对棱镜模块可以内置在主信号发送/接收线路的一部分中，并且每个棱镜模块的输出侧可以连接到相应的双向光信号收发器。
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公开(公告)号：US5063526A
公开(公告)日：1991-11-05
申请号：US57850
申请日：1987-06-03
申请人： Koichi Kagawa , Chung-Li Yu , Shinkyo Kaku , Vinod Menon
发明人： Koichi Kagawa , Chung-Li Yu , Shinkyo Kaku , Vinod Menon
IPC分类号： G06T3/60
CPC分类号： G06T3/606
摘要： An apparatus for rotating bit-mapped data includes a specially designed data array (9) that includes a normal port (10) for accessing horizontal words of data and a rotated port (15) for accessing vertical words of data. In addition, address generating logic (6) is provided that automatically generates proper address seqences for accessing the normal words or the vertical words as appropriate during a rotation operation. The apparatus is cascadable (FIG. 29) to provide effectively any size data array.
摘要翻译： 用于旋转位映射数据的装置包括专门设计的数据阵列（9），其包括用于访问数据的水平字的正常端口（10）和用于访问数据的垂直字的旋转端口（15）。 此外，提供地址生成逻辑（6），其在旋转操作期间适当地自动产生用于访问正常字或垂直字的适当地址顺序。 该装置是可级联的（图29），以有效地提供任何尺寸的数据阵列。
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公开(公告)号：US20080222493A1
公开(公告)日：2008-09-11
申请号：US12125276
申请日：2008-05-22
申请人： Nikolai Fediakine , Shinkyo Kaku , Vitali Tikhonov
发明人： Nikolai Fediakine , Shinkyo Kaku , Vitali Tikhonov
IPC分类号： H03M13/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/07953 , H04L1/0047 , H04L1/203
摘要： A method and system for optimizing a response time of a monitoring loop with forward error correction. Characteristics of a fiber optic communications channel are adjusted based on the number of errors corrected in the FEC decoder. An adaptive BER is calculated much faster by using a signal from an FEC decoder, than by comparing input and output transmission. Thereby, the lag time in adjusting the transmission characteristics of the fiber optic channel is minimized and the overall performance of the system is improved.
摘要翻译： 一种利用前向纠错优化监控回路响应时间的方法和系统。 基于在FEC解码器中校正的错误的数量来调整光纤通信信道的特性。 通过使用来自FEC解码器的信号比通过比较输入和输出传输更快地计算出自适应BER。 因此，调整光纤通道的传输特性的滞后时间被最小化，并提高了系统的整体性能。
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公开(公告)号：US20070248357A1
公开(公告)日：2007-10-25
申请号：US11785631
申请日：2007-04-19
申请人： Nikolai Fediakine , Shinkyo Kaku , Vitali Tikhonov
发明人： Nikolai Fediakine , Shinkyo Kaku , Vitali Tikhonov
IPC分类号： H04B10/08
CPC分类号： H04B10/6911 , H04B10/0795 , H04B10/564
摘要： A system and method for an Avalanche photo-diode (“APD”) optical receiver and laser system to adjust its performance during system operation without disturbing network traffic. Very small changes may be adaptively applied to some key portions of the system by controlling a set of main system parameters including Q-factor; Bit Error Rate (BER); histograms of “1” and “0” levels; input optical power; and laser output power. This adaptive routine may be performed during operation of the system to keep the main system parameters close to their optimum value. During adjustment, the system may be divided into separate portions. The adjustment of each portion may be independent of the other portions of the system. For the optical network system, optimization and priority of different portions may be assigned based on network channel architecture.
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9.发明申请In-situ power monitor having an extended range to stabilize gain of avalanche photodiodes across temperature variations 有权具有扩展范围的原位功率监视器，以稳定跨越温度变化的雪崩光电二极管的增益公开(公告)号：US20070057160A1
公开(公告)日：2007-03-15
申请号：US11223839
申请日：2005-09-09
申请人： Shinkyo Kaku , Vitali Tikhonov
发明人： Shinkyo Kaku , Vitali Tikhonov
CPC分类号： G01J1/44 , G01J1/4257 , H04B10/66
摘要： Disclosed are an in-line monitoring apparatus with a temperature compensator, an optical receiver and a method for stabilizing gain of an avalanche photodiode (“APD”) over an extended range of input power values and across temperature variations. The apparatus can include one or more power monitoring stages coupled in parallel to the APD for generating one or more measurement signals in-situ. The apparatus also includes a temperature compensator configured to adjust an operational parameter for the APD as a function of temperature and the measurement signal. The temperature compensator adjusts the bias to maintain a substantially uniform gain across temperature variations to facilitate an increased sensitivity with which to monitor the input power at lower levels than if the temperature compensator did not adjust the bias in response to the temperature. One of the power monitoring stages can be configured to monitor the low-powered optical signals.
摘要翻译： 公开了具有温度补偿器，光接收器和用于在扩展的输入功率值范围和温度变化下稳定雪崩光电二极管（“APD”）的增益的在线监测装置。 该装置可以包括与APD并联耦合的一个或多个功率监测级，用于原位产生一个或多个测量信号。 该装置还包括温度补偿器，其配置为根据温度和测量信号调整APD的操作参数。 温度补偿器调节偏压以在温度变化之间保持基本上均匀的增益，以促进灵敏度的增加，以便在温度补偿器不响应于温度调节偏压的情况下以更低的水平监视输入功率。 功率监控级之一可配置为监视低功率光信号。
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公开(公告)号：US20050025483A1
公开(公告)日：2005-02-03
申请号：US10628091
申请日：2003-07-28
IPC分类号： H04B10/24
CPC分类号： H04B10/40 , G02B6/29364
摘要： The optical signal multiplexer/demultiplexer of the invention is characterized by incorporating a bidirectional optical transceiver which is capable of using individual channels working in a transmitting and receiving modes simultaneously. The device consists of a number of optical prisms combined into a single module and provided with appropriate dichroic mirrors and interferrometric filters located on the outer surfaces of the prisms. According to one embodiment of the invention, the module consists of two sequentially arranged parallelogram prisms, a single-channel signal input/output unit with an optical collimator/focusator on one side of the prism module and a two-channel signal output/input unit with a respective optical collimator/focusator on the other side of the prism module. The first prism, which is located on the single-channel side has a first antireflective coating transparent to all input/output signals (λ1, λ2, λ3) and a second coating located on the two-channel side of the first prism that reflects one optical signal (λ2) and passes the remaining two optical signals (λ1 and λ3). Thus, the input/output signals of several different wavelengths can be multiplexed/demultiplexed while passing in a multi-bounce zigzag expanded beam light paths in various combinations of signal-propagation directions. A pair of prism modules described above may be built-into a section of the main signal transmission/reception line and the output side of each prism module may be connected to a respective bidirectional optical signal transceiver.
摘要翻译： 本发明的光信号多路复用器/解复用器的特征在于结合了双向光收发器，其能够使用在发送和接收模式中同时工作的各个信道。 该装置由多个光学棱镜组成单个模块，并且设置有位于棱镜外表面上的适当的二向色镜和干涉测微滤光片。 根据本发明的一个实施例，该模块由两个顺序布置的平行四边形棱镜组成，单通道信号输入/输出单元，其在棱镜模块的一侧具有光学准直器/聚焦器，以及双通道信号输出/输入单元 在棱镜模块的另一侧具有相应的光学准直器/聚焦器。 位于单通道侧的第一棱镜具有对所有输入/输出信号（λ1，λ2，λ3）透明的第一抗反射涂层，以及位于第一棱镜的双通道侧的第二涂层，其反射一个 光信号（λ2），并通过剩余的两个光信号（λ1和λ3）。 因此，可以在以信号传播方向的各种组合的多跳曲折扩展光束光路中通过多个不同波长的输入/输出信号进行复用/解复用。 上述一对棱镜模块可以内置在主信号发送/接收线路的一部分中，并且每个棱镜模块的输出侧可以连接到相应的双向光信号收发器。
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