Abstract:
A choke valve is controlled finely suited to the running state of an engine. A throttle valve 8 and a choke valve 9 are provided in series on an intake pipe 6, and the opening degree of the choke valve 9 is controlled by a stepping motor 11. A choke valve opening degree upon start of engine (start opening degree) and a driving pulse rate of a stepping motor 11 are determined depending on the engine temperature. When lower than the engine temperature TL, the pulse rate is set at first rate, or the lowest rate in a specified range. Depending on the engine temperature, the pulse rate is set higher gradually up to second rate TH. When releasing the choke gradually in warm-up operation, the pulse rate is lowered so as to obtain a choke opening degree of high precision by a high torque.
Abstract:
A choke valve is controlled finely suited to the running state of an engine. A throttle valve 8 and a choke valve 9 are provided in series on an intake pipe 6, and the opening degree of the choke valve 9 is controlled by a stepping motor. The choke valve opening degree upon start of engine (start opening degree) is determined depending on the engine temperature. The stepping motor 11 is initialized at the fully closed side of the choke valve 9 when the power source for starting the engine is turned on. The start opening degree of the choke valve is judged to be closer to the fully closed side or fully opened side, and the stepping motor 11 is initialized at the fully closed side if judged to be close to the fully closed side, and at the fully opened side if at the fully opened side.
Abstract:
A choke valve is controlled finely suited to the running state of an engine. A throttle valve 8 and a choke valve 9 are provided in series on an intake pipe 6, and the opening degree of the choke valve 9 is controlled by a stepping motor 11. A choke valve opening degree upon start of engine (start opening degree) is determined depending on the engine temperature. The start opening degree judging unit 27 judges whether the start opening degree is closer to the fully closed side or fully opened side. The motor initializing unit 28 initializes the stepping motor 11 at the fully closed side or the fully opened side if the start opening degree is at the fully closed side or the fully opened side, respectively. After choke release, a driving signal in a specified number of steps is issued periodically.
Abstract:
A choke valve is controlled finely suited to the running state of an engine. A throttle valve 8 and a choke valve 9 are provided in series on an intake pipe 6, and the opening degree of the choke valve 9 is controlled by a stepping motor 11. A choke valve opening degree upon start of engine (start opening degree) is determined depending on the engine temperature. The start opening degree judging unit 27 judges whether the start opening degree is closer to the fully closed side or fully opened side. The motor initializing unit 28 initializes the stepping motor 11 at the fully closed side or the fully opened side if the start opening degree is at the fully closed side or the fully opened side, respectively. After choke release, a driving signal in a specified number of steps is issued periodically.
Abstract:
A choke valve is controlled finely suited to the running state of an engine. A throttle valve 8 and a choke valve 9 are provided in series on an intake pipe 6, and the opening degree of the choke valve 9 is controlled by a stepping motor 11. A choke valve opening degree upon start of engine (start opening degree) and a driving pulse rate of a stepping motor 11 are determined depending on the engine temperature. When lower than the engine temperature TL, the pulse rate is set at first rate, or the lowest rate in a specified range. Depending on the engine temperature, the pulse rate is set higher gradually up to second rate TH. When releasing the choke gradually in warm-up operation, the pulse rate is lowered so as to obtain a choke opening degree of high precision by a high torque.
Abstract:
A choke valve is controlled finely suited to the running state of an engine. A throttle valve 8 and a choke valve 9 are provided in series on an intake pipe 6, and the opening degree of the choke valve 9 is controlled by a stepping motor. The choke valve opening degree upon start of engine (start opening degree) is determined depending on the engine temperature. The stepping motor 11 is initialized at the fully closed side of the choke valve 9 when the power source for starting the engine is turned on. The start opening degree of the choke valve is judged to be closer to the fully closed side or fully opened side, and the stepping motor 11 is initialized at the fully closed side if judged to be close to the fully closed side, and at the fully opened side if at the fully opened side.
Abstract:
A steam turbine 3 includes: a turbine rotor 4; a rotor blade 5 implanted to the turbine rotor 4; a stator blade 6 provided at an upstream side of the rotor blade 5; and a turbine casing 13 supporting the stator blade 6 and including the turbine rotor 4, the rotor blade 5 and the stator blade 6, and have a constitution in which a stage 7 is formed by a pair of the rotor blade 5 and the stator blade 6, and a steam passage 8 is formed by arranging plural stages 7 in an axial direction of the turbine rotor 4. A surface treatment to suppress an increase of a surface roughness caused by oxidation is performed for at least a part of a surface of the stator blade 6 and a surface of the rotor blade 5.
Abstract:
A generator (100) includes a generator winding (103) and an excitation winding (104), and a field winding (102). To converge an output voltage of the generator winding (103) to a target, a field current is varied by increasing/decreasing an energization duty ratio of a switching device (110) connected to the field winding (102). In a duty ratio zero determination unit (2) and a duty ratio zero continuation determination unit (3), when an output duty ratio continues for a predetermined time with duty ratio zero, a duty ratio increase amount restriction unit (4) restricts an upper limit of the duty ratio to a predetermined upper limit when the field current increases. A duty ratio restriction unit (21a) for restricting the duty ratio by a maximum value determined based on a voltage of a smoothing capacitor (113) in place of the determination of the duty ratio being zero may be provided.
Abstract:
An information recording apparatus for recording tracks includes: a rotation drive section (RDS) that supports and rotates a master disk with a resist layer; an exposure beam emitting section (EBES) deflectably applying an exposure beam to the disk to form a spot thereon; a relative movement drive section (RMDS) translating the RDS relatively to the spot in a radial direction of the disk; an emission controller supplying the EBES with an instruction for modulating an intensity of the exposure beam according to data to be recorded; and a movement controller supplying the RMDS with an instruction for moving the RDS with the rotating disk by a predetermined moving amount for each disk rotation. The apparatus also includes a deflection controller supplying the EBES with instructions for deflection operations for deflecting the exposure beam in a manner that the spot is successively moved from a first exposure start position in either the opposite or the same direction to a moving direction of the RDS and then, at a point in time when the spot has moved up to an exposure stop position of the disk in predetermined rotation thereof, the spot is intermittently moved to a second exposure start position in the moving direction of the RDS, and wherein the spot is periodically returned to the first exposure start position.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a polishing apparatus for polishing a workpiece, such as a semiconductor wafer, to a flat mirror finish. The polishing apparatus comprises a polishing table having a polishing surface, and a top ring, and the workpiece is interposed between the polishing table and the top ring and pressed at a predetermined pressure to polish the workpiece. The polishing apparatus comprises at least two dressing units for dressing the polishing surface by being brought into contact with the polishing surface, which is a surface of a polishing cloth.