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    Starter for the devulcanisation of scrap rubber
    1.
    发明授权
    Starter for the devulcanisation of scrap rubber 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10131760B2

    公开(公告)日：2018-11-20

    申请号：US15623599

    申请日：2017-06-15

    申请人： Harald Rust

    发明人： Harald Rust

    IPC分类号： B29B17/00 ,  C08J11/12 ,  B29B17/04 ,  B29C47/00 ,  B29C47/60 ,  C08J11/04 ,  B29K21/00 ,  B29C47/10 ,  B29C47/42 ,  B29K105/26 ,  B29K105/24

    摘要： A method of devulcanizing crosslinked rubber uses a planetary roller extruder with a central spindle, planetary spindles, a housing, and a feed part. The method includes feeding vulcanized rubber through the feed part into the housing, rotating the central spindle about its rotational axis and thereby causing the planetary spindles to rotate about their rotational axes and revolve about the central spindle. This generates mechanical and thermal stress on the vulcanized rubber by kneading and/or crushing of the vulcanized rubber, breaking or destroying the molecular chains or bonds of the vulcanized rubber. The method further includes at least one of (A) adding particles of the vulcanized rubber eccentrically to the center of the planetary roller extruder module between the planetary spindles and (B) mechanically pressing particles of the vulcanized rubber between the planetary spindles with a crammer feeder.

    Method for producing hexanediol
    4.
    发明授权
    Method for producing hexanediol 失效
    己二醇的制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US06727395B1

    公开(公告)日：2004-04-27

    申请号：US10018338

    申请日：2001-12-19

    申请人： Frank Stein ,  Thomas Krug ,  Thomas Nöbel ,  Harald Rust

    发明人： Frank Stein ,  Thomas Krug ,  Thomas Nöbel ,  Harald Rust

    IPC分类号： C07C2700

    CPC分类号： C07C29/149 ,  C07C31/20

    摘要： A process for preparing 1,6-hexanediol from a carboxylic acid mixture comprising adipic acid, 6-hydroxycaproic acid and small amounts of 1,4-cyclohexanediols which is obtained as by-product in the oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanone/cyclohexanol after water extraction of the reaction mixture followed by extraction with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, by esterification of the acids and hydrogenation comprises a) liberating the carboxylic acids from the alkaline extract by addition of a mineral acid, b) fractionating the organic phase comprising carboxylic acids to give a distillate comprising the low molecular weight monocarboxylic acids and a residue comprising adipic acid and 6-hydroxycaproic acid, c) reacting the monocarboxylic an dicarboxylic acids present in the aqueous dicarboxylic acid mixture with a low molecular weight alcohol to give the corresponding carboxylic esters, d) freeing the esterification mixture obtained of excess alcohol and low boilers in a first distillation step, e) fractionating the bottom product in a second distillation step to give an ester fraction essentially free of 1,4-cyclohexanediols and a fraction comprising at least the major part of the 1,4-cyclohexanediols, f) catalytically hydrogenating the ester fraction which is essentially free of 1,4-cyclohexanediols and g) isolating 1,6-hexanediol from the hydrogenation product in a manner known per se in a final distillation step.

    摘要翻译： 从包含己二酸，6-羟基己酸和少量1,4-环己二醇的羧酸混合物制备1,6-己二醇的方法，其在水提取后在环己烷氧化成环己酮/环己醇时作为副产物获得 的反应混合物，然后用氢氧化钠水溶液萃取，通过酸的酯化和氢化反应，包括a）通过加入无机酸从碱性提取物中释放出羧酸，b）将包含羧酸的有机相分馏得到馏出物 包括低分子量单羧酸和包含己二酸和6-羟基己酸的残基，c）使一元羧酸与二羧酸混合物中存在的二羧酸与低分子量醇反应，得到相应的羧酸酯，d）释放 在第一馏出物中获得过量酒精和低锅炉的酯化混合物 e步骤，e）在第二蒸馏步骤中分馏底部产物，得到基本上不含1,4-环己烷二醇的酯馏分和至少包含大部分1,4-环己烷二醇的馏分，f）催化氢化酯 基本上不含1,4-环己烷二醇的馏分，和g）在最终蒸馏步骤中以本身已知的方式从氢化产物中分离出1,6-己二醇。

    Preparation of n-vinyllactams
    6.
    发明授权
    Preparation of n-vinyllactams 失效
    n-乙烯基内酰胺的制备

    公开(公告)号：US5670639A

    公开(公告)日：1997-09-23

    申请号：US614682

    申请日：1996-03-13

    申请人： Martin Schmidt-Radde ,  Marc Heider ,  Albrecht Dams ,  Harald Rust

    发明人： Martin Schmidt-Radde ,  Marc Heider ,  Albrecht Dams ,  Harald Rust

    IPC分类号： C07D207/26 ,  C07D207/267 ,  C07D211/76 ,  C07D223/10

    CPC分类号： C07D207/267 ,  C07D211/76 ,  C07D223/10

    摘要： N-Vinyllactams of the general formula I ##STR1## where n is from 1 to 3, are prepared by a process which comprises reaction of a lactam of the general formula II ##STR2## where n is from 1 to 3, with from 10 to 90 percent by weight of an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution with distillation at from 50.degree. to 250.degree. C. and from 1 to 100 mbar and with a residence time of from 0.1 to 5 hours and subsequent reaction with acetylene at from 60.degree. to 250.degree. C. and from 1 to 100 bar.

    摘要翻译： 通过包括将通式II的内酰胺（II）的反应的方法制备，其中n为1至3的通式I（I）的N-乙烯基内酰胺，其中n为1至3，其中n为1至 3，以10至90重量％的碱金属氢氧化物水溶液在50至250℃和1至100毫巴蒸馏下进行，停留时间为0.1至5小时，随后与乙炔反应 在60℃至250℃和1至100巴之间。

    Purification of esters of tetrahydro-pyran-4-carboxylic acid
    7.
    发明授权
    Purification of esters of tetrahydro-pyran-4-carboxylic acid 失效
    四氢 - 吡喃-4-羧酸酯的纯化

    公开(公告)号：US5414097A

    公开(公告)日：1995-05-09

    申请号：US185179

    申请日：1994-01-24

    申请人： Rolf Fischer ,  Norbert Goetz ,  Thomas Kuekenhoehner ,  Harald Rust ,  Werner Schnurr

    发明人： Rolf Fischer ,  Norbert Goetz ,  Thomas Kuekenhoehner ,  Harald Rust ,  Werner Schnurr

    IPC分类号： C07D309/08

    CPC分类号： C07D309/08

    摘要： A process for purifying esters of tetrahydropyran-4-carboxylic acid of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each additionally hydrogen, from mixtures produced in the reaction of butyrolactones of the formula II ##STR2## where R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the abovementioned meanings, and R.sup.4 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbons or acyl of the formula --CO--R.sup.2, with alcohols of the formula R.sup.1 OH in the presence of oxide catalysts, by distillation, which entailsa) removing overhead, in a first column with 5-25 theoretical plates with a distillate pressure of 700-1100 mbar and a distillate temperature of 50.degree.-80.degree. C., an alcohol and up to 10% of the water,b) transferring the bottom product from the first column into a second column with 18-40 theoretical plates, into which a water entrainer is metered between plates 15 and 30, and is circulated, and which operates with a distillate pressure of 35-350 mbar and a distillate temperature of 18.degree.-70.degree. C., with the esters of tetrahydropyran-4-carboxylic acid being removed between plates 8 and 18 at 90.degree.-150.degree. C., and, where appropriate,c) feeding the bottom product from the second column into a third column with 5-25 theoretical plates, and returning the overhead products at a distillate pressure of 1-100 mbar and a distillate temperature of 90.degree.-140.degree. C. to the synthesis of the esters of tetrahydropyran-4-carboxylic acid.

    摘要翻译： 用于纯化式I的四氢吡喃-4-羧酸的酯的方法，其中R 1至R 3各自为C 1 -C 4 - 烷基，R 2和R 3各自为氢， 其中R 2和R 3具有上述含义，R 4是氢，1-6个碳的烷基或式-CO-R 2的酰基，其中式R 1 OH的醇在存在下 氧化物催化剂，通过蒸馏，其需要a）在具有5-25理论塔板的第一塔中，馏出物压力为700-1100毫巴，馏出物温度为50-80℃，醇和升高 至10％的水，b）将底部产物从第一塔转移到具有18-40理论塔板的第二塔中，其中在15和30之间计量水夹带剂，并循环，并且其以 馏出液压力为35-350毫巴，馏出物温度为18-70℃， 其中四氢吡喃-4-羧酸的酯在90℃-150℃下在板8和18之间除去，并且在适当的情况下，c）将底部产物从第二塔进料到具有5-25理论值的第三塔 将塔顶馏出物返回到馏出物压力为1-100毫巴，馏出液温度为90-140℃，以合成四氢吡喃-4-羧酸酯。

    Planetary roller extruder
    8.
    发明授权
    Planetary roller extruder 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10654210B2

    公开(公告)日：2020-05-19

    申请号：US15935206

    申请日：2018-03-26

    申请人： Harald Rust

    发明人： Harald Rust

    IPC分类号： B29C48/44 ,  B29C48/425 ,  B29C48/435 ,  B29C48/505 ,  B29C48/585 ,  B29C48/68 ,  B29C48/685 ,  B29C48/80 ,  B29B7/48 ,  B29C48/395 ,  B29C48/25 ,  B29C48/625

    摘要： A planetary roller extruder includes a housing with an internal housing toothing. A central spindle is disposed in the housing and has an external central spindle toothing. A plurality of planetary spindles are disposed about the central spindle and in the housing. Each of the planetary spindles has an external planetary spindle toothing configured to mesh with the internal housing toothing and the external central spindle toothing. A drive is configured to rotate the central spindle. The drive includes a drive journal connected to the central spindle to permit transmission of a driving force from the drive to the central spindle. The drive journal includes a bore. The bore has internal projections configured to engage with the external central spindle toothing to secure the central spindle to the drive journal by a screw-type connection.