摘要:
A process for producing a cycloolefin in high selectivity and yield by partial hydrogenation of a monocyclic armoatic hydrocarbon with hydrogen is disclosed. In this process, the hydrogenation reaction is carried out under a neutral or acidic condition in the presence of:(i) a particulate hydrogenating catalyst mainly comprising metallic ruthenium having an average crystallite size of 200 .ANG. or less,(ii) at least one zinc compound as a promoter,(iii) at least one additive selected from the group consisting of oxides, hydroxides and hydrates thereof Zr, Hf, Ti, Nb, Ta, Cr, Fe, Co, Al, Ga and Si, and(iv) water.
摘要:
Provided is a production method of glycolic acid having a first step of preparing glycolonitrile from formaldehyde and hydrocyanic acid and a second step of hydrolyzing the glycolonitrile into glycolic acid directly or via a glycolate salt, which method can produce glycolic acid in easy production and purification steps while consuming less energy. In the production method, by carrying out the first and second steps continuously or by storing the glycolonitrile obtained in the first step at pH 4 or less and carrying out a hydrolysis reaction of the second step at from pH 5 to 9, a production yield of glycolic acid, activity for the production of glycolic acid and accumulated concentration of glycolic acid are improved, resulting in the production of glycolic acid having an improved purity and quality.
摘要:
A method for producing an aqueous diamine dicarboxylic acid salt solution according to the present invention comprises a step of mixing a dicarboxylic acid diester and a diamine, wherein a mixing molar ratio of the diamine to the dicarboxylic acid diester (diamine/dicarboxylic acid diester) is 1.005 or more. In addition, a method for producing a polyamide according to the present invention comprises a step of mixing a dicarboxylic acid diester and a diamine and heating the formed aqueous diamine dicarboxylic acid salt solution to perform a polycondensation reaction of the diamine and a dicarboxylic acid, wherein a mixing molar ratio of the diamine to the dicarboxylic acid diester (diamine/dicarboxylic acid diester) is 1.005 or more.
摘要:
Provided is a production method of glycolic acid having a first step of preparing glycolonitrile from formaldehyde and hydrocyanic acid and a second step of hydrolyzing the glycolonitrile into glycolic acid directly or via a glycolate salt, which method can produce glycolic acid in easy production and purification steps while consuming less energy. In the production method, by carrying out the first and second steps continuously or by storing the glycolonitrile obtained in the first step at pH 4 or less and carrying out a hydrolysis reaction of the second step at from pH 5 to 9, a production yield of glycolic acid, activity for the production of glycolic acid and accumulated concentration of glycolic acid are improved, resulting in the production of glycolic acid having an improved purity and quality.
摘要:
An imaging system that is capable of generating high resolution and high frame rate video includes of a beam splitter, two lenses, a high resolution-low frame rate camera, and a low resolution-high frame rate camera. The beam splitter reflects a part of an incident ray. The two lenses gather the ray reflected from the beam splitter and the ray penetrating the beam splitter, respectively. The low resolution-high frame rate camera is a sensor that takes an image of the ray gathered by one of the lenses at a low resolution and a high frame rate. The high resolution-low frame rate camera is a sensor that takes an image of the ray gathered by the other of the lenses at a high resolution and a low frame rate.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method for producing a cyclic aliphatic oxime, which comprises subjecting a cyclic aliphatic primary amine to oxidation in the liquid phase under superatmospheric pressure in the presence of molecular oxygen and a solid catalyst, wherein the solid catalyst comprises an oxide of at least one metal (a) selected from the group consisting of metals belonging to Groups 5 and 6 of the Periodic Table.
摘要:
A method for producing a carbonic ester, comprising (1) performing a reaction between an organometal compound having a metal-oxygen-carbon linkage and carbon dioxide to obtain a reaction mixture containing a carbonic ester formed by the reaction, (2) separating the carbonic ester from the reaction mixture to obtain a residual liquid, and (3) reacting the residual liquid with an alcohol to form an organometal compound having a metal-oxygen-carbon linkage and form water and removing the water from the organometal compound, wherein the organometal compound obtained in step (3) is recovered for recycle thereof to step (1).
摘要:
An oxymethylene polymer resin shaped article having high flexural modulus, which is produced by molding an oxymethylene polymer resin, wherein the oxymethylene polymer resin is selected from the group consisting of an oxymethylene homopolymer resin, an oxymethylene copolymer resin and a mixture thereof. The oxymethylene copolymer resin comprises a copolymer of an oxymethylene monomer and a comonomer copolymerizable therewith, wherein the amount of the comonomer is extremely limited. The shaped article has the following characteristics: (1) a crystallinity of 72% or more; (2) an average crystallite size of 150 .ANG. or more; (3) 70% by volume or more of the whole volume of the shaped article being comprised of spherulites each having a diameter of 60 .mu.m or less; and (4) a thickness of 1 mm or more. The oxymethylene polymer resin shaped article of the present invention has an improved crystal structure, and exhibits excellent mechanical properties including especially high flexural modulus even when containing very little or no reinforcement. The oxymethylene polymer resin shaped article of the present invention can be advantageously used not only as a material for a sliding part and a precision part, such as a gear, a bearing and a lever, but also as a material for electric and electronic parts, such as a connector, a socket and a switch.
摘要:
An electron acceptor polycondensation polymer of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group having not more than 15 carbon atoms; C.sub.m is a divalent connecting group; FLac is an electron acceptor group having a fluorene nucleus as its basic structure; X and Y are a carbonyl group or an acid amide group forming a urethane linkage with the oxygen atom of the diol; R.sub.2 is a bifunctional organic residue having not more than 20 carbon atoms, n is a number greater than 10 which represents the degree of polycondensation of the resultant polycondensation polymer.
摘要:
An image processing apparatus includes an imaging unit which captures an image, and a focal range control unit which changes a focal position and a depth of field of a captured image by controlling an imaging device or a focus lens in the imaging unit. Further, the image processing apparatus includes a distance measurement unit which measures a distance to a subject, from a degree of blur in each of n images (where n ≧2) captured by the imaging unit controlled by the focal range control unit and having focal ranges different from each other.