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公开(公告)号：US5531798A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-02
申请号：US249216
申请日：1994-05-26
Applicant: Folke Engstrom , Juhani Isaksson
Inventor： Folke Engstrom , Juhani Isaksson
CPC classification number: B01D46/2407 , B01D46/002 , B01D46/0068 , B01D46/46 , C10J3/482 , C10J3/56 , C10J3/84 , C10K1/024 , B01D2273/20 , C10J2300/093
Abstract: In the filtering of high temperature (e.g. greater than 400.degree. C.) and high pressure (e.g. greater than 5 bar) gas--such as produced by pressurized fluidized bed combustion or gasification of coal--there is often a buildup of particles on the supporting elements for the filters, and on surrounding structures. This buildup of particles can damage the filter elements, or greatly reduce their effectiveness. This problem is avoided by periodically automatically cleaning the supporting and/or surrounding surfaces of the filters, as by directing high pressure gas streams at the supporting and/or surrounding surfaces. The filters may also be backflushed with compressed gas, as is conventional, at the same time as, or at different times than, when the supporting and/or surrounding structures are cleaned. Conduits with nozzles may be mounted directly on the supporting and/or surrounding surfaces and connected by a pipe with an automatically controlled valve to a source of high pressure fluid.
Abstract translation: 在过滤高温（例如大于400℃）和高压（例如大于5巴）的气体（例如通过加压流化床燃烧或煤气化产生）中，通常在支撑物上堆积颗粒 过滤器的元件和周围的结构。 这种颗粒的积聚可能会损坏过滤元件，或大大降低其效果。 通过周期性地自动清洁过滤器的支撑和/或周围表面来避免这个问题，如通过在支撑和/或周围表面处引导高压气体流。 过滤器也可以用压缩气体反冲洗，如常规的那样，在支撑和/或周围结构被清洁的同时或不同的时间。 带有喷嘴的管道可以直接安装在支撑和/或周围表面上，并通过具有自动控制阀的管道连接到高压流体源。
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公开(公告)号：US4771712A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-20
申请号：US65757
申请日：1987-06-24
Applicant: Folke Engstrom , Erkki Kiiskila , Pekka Tormikoski
Inventor： Folke Engstrom , Erkki Kiiskila , Pekka Tormikoski
CPC classification number: F23C10/10 , C10L9/10 , F23J7/00 , F23C2206/101
Abstract: A method of burning solid fuel having low melting point alkaline compositions, such as alkali metal salts, particularly lignite and salty brown coal. The fuel is introduced into the reaction chamber of a circulating fluidized bed reactor, and is mixed prior to introduction to the reaction chamber with a reactant material capable of reacting with the low melting point alkaline compositions of the fuel to produce high melting point alkali metal compounds during combustion. The temperature in the reaction chamber is kept below the melting point of the formed alkali metal compounds. The reactant material comprises silica oxide or a metal oxide, or hydroxide, of the group consisting of aluminum, calcium, magnesium, iron, titanium, and mixtures of two or more thereof. Kaolin is particularly effective, especially when the molar ratio of Al/(Na and K) is at least 1.0.
Abstract translation: 一种燃烧具有低熔点碱性组合物的固体燃料的方法，例如碱金属盐，特别是褐煤和咸棕色煤。 将燃料引入循环流化床反应器的反应室中，并在与反应物料引入反应室之前混合，反应物料能够与燃料的低熔点碱性组合物反应以产生高熔点碱金属化合物 在燃烧过程中。 反应室中的温度保持低于形成的碱金属化合物的熔点。 反应物料包括氧化铝或金属氧化物或氢氧化物，它们由铝，钙，镁，铁，钛及其两种或多种的混合物组成。 高岭土特别有效，特别是当Al /（Na和K）的摩尔比至少为1.0时。
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公开(公告)号：US4732113A
公开(公告)日：1988-03-22
申请号：US23570
申请日：1987-03-09
Applicant: Folke Engstrom
Inventor： Folke Engstrom
IPC: F23C10/24 , B04C3/02 , B04C5/20 , B04C9/00 , F22B31/00 , F23C10/08 , F23J3/04 , F23J15/02 , F22B1/00
CPC classification number: B04C3/02 , F22B31/0084 , F23C10/08 , F23J15/027 , F23C2206/101 , F23J2900/15026
Abstract: A separator for separating solid particles from a hot gas stream comprises a cyclone chamber having an axial gas outlet conduit. The outlet conduit is formed by a plurality of cooling tubes defining between the tubes a plurality of passages for the gas. The outlet conduit is connected to an opening in one or both ends of the cyclone chamber. Solids are separated by centrifugal forces as the gas flows in a curved path in the cyclone chamber and by inertia forces as the gas changes direction to flow into the outlet conduit.
Abstract translation: 用于从热气流中分离固体颗粒的分离器包括具有轴向气体出口导管的旋风室。 出口导管由多个冷却管形成，冷却管在管之间限定用于气体的多个通道。 出口导管连接到旋风室的一端或两端的开口。 随着气体在旋风室中的弯曲路径中流动并且随着气体改变方向以流入出口导管的惯性力，固体被离心力分离。
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公开(公告)号：US4672918A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-16
申请号：US734716
申请日：1985-05-16
Applicant: Folke Engstrom , Juha Sarkki
Inventor： Folke Engstrom , Juha Sarkki
CPC classification number: B01J8/1809 , B01J8/005 , B01J8/388 , F22B31/0084 , F23C10/08 , B01J2208/00044 , F23C2206/101
Abstract: A simple yet effective method and apparatus control the temperature within a fluidized bed reactor within a desired range (e.g. about 800.degree.-950.degree. C.). Particulate solids in the off-gases from the combustion chamber of the reactor are separated out, and pass through one or more of a plurality of return conduits back to the combustion chamber. The temperature of the returning solids is controlled by positively cooling them, utilizing heat exchangers, within one or more of the conduits, and by controlling which of the conduits the solids flow through. Valves at the top of the conduits can control the flow of solids into the conduits. Alternatively U-shaped passageways at the bottom of the conduits between them and the combustion chamber can have fluidizing air injected therein, the injected air controlling the flow of solids out of the conduits into the combustion chamber.
Abstract translation: 简单而有效的方法和装置将流化床反应器内的温度控制在所需范围内（例如约800-950℃）。 来自反应器的燃烧室的废气中的颗粒状固体被分离出来，并且通过多个返回导管中的一个或多个回到燃烧室。 回流固体的温度通过在一个或多个导管内利用热交换器进行正冷却来控制，并且通过控制固体流过哪个管道来控制。 导管顶部的阀门可以控制固体进入管道的流量。 或者在它们与燃烧室之间的导管底部的U形通道可以在其中注入流化空气，喷射的空气控制固体流出管道进入燃烧室。
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公开(公告)号：US4244779A
公开(公告)日：1981-01-13
申请号：US970457
申请日：1978-12-18
Applicant: Jorma J. Nieminen , Folke Engstrom
Inventor： Jorma J. Nieminen , Folke Engstrom
CPC classification number: D21C11/0092 , B01J8/32 , C02F11/12 , C10B49/16 , F23G2201/10 , F23G2203/501
Abstract: A method of treating materials in a fluidized bed reactor, wherein the material to be treated is brought into contact with hot particles removed from the flue gases coming from the fluidized bed reactor to bring about chemical and/or thermal reactions in the material before it is introduced into the fluidized bed reactor together with recycled particles. Useful components may be recovered in the form of gases, solids or liquids in connection with this treatment.
Abstract translation: 一种在流化床反应器中处理材料的方法，其中待处理的材料与从流化床反应器的烟道气中除去的热颗粒接触，在材料之前引起化学和/或热反应 与再循环的颗粒一起引入流化床反应器。 有用的组分可以以与该处理相关的气体，固体或液体的形式回收。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US5230868A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-27
申请号：US332730
申请日：1989-04-04
Applicant: Folke Engstrom
Inventor： Folke Engstrom
CPC classification number: F23C10/00 , B01J8/1827 , B01J8/44
Abstract: A fluidized bed reactor uses fluid conduits for supplying fluids (such as liquid, gaseous, or fine solid material in suspension fuels), into a reactor chamber. The fluid conduits extend horizontally from, and substantially perpendicularly to, a side wall into the reactor chamber. The fluid conduits are disposed at a level (e.g. about 100-1000 mm) above the fluidizing gas nozzles in the bottom of the reactor chamber. An upright partition, preferably of refractory material, covers the fluid conduits.
Abstract translation: 流化床反应器使用用于将流体（例如悬浮燃料中的液体，气态或细小固体材料）的流体管道输送到反应器室中。 流体导管从侧壁水平延伸并基本上垂直于侧壁进入反应室。 流体导管设置在反应室底部的流化气体喷嘴上方的水平（例如约100-1000mm）处。 优选为耐火材料的直立隔板覆盖流体导管。
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公开(公告)号：US4755134A
公开(公告)日：1988-07-05
申请号：US52047
申请日：1987-05-08
Applicant: Folke Engstrom , Ragnar G. Lundqvist
Inventor： Folke Engstrom , Ragnar G. Lundqvist
IPC: B04C3/06 , B01J8/00 , B04C1/00 , B04C9/00 , F22B31/00 , F23C10/02 , F23C10/08 , F23C10/18 , F23C10/28 , F23D19/00
CPC classification number: B01J8/005 , B04C1/00 , B04C9/00 , F22B31/0084 , F23C10/08 , F23C2206/101 , F23J2900/15026
Abstract: The invention relates to a circulating fluidized bed reactor comprising a particle separator (9) having a horizontal vortex chamber (23). The separator is preferably disposed on top of the combustion chamber (5). The pipes (25) discharging gas from the vortex chamber have been connected to openings (24) disposed on the periphery (19) of the vortex chamber.
Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / FI86 / 00091 Sec。 371日期1987年5月8日 102（e）日期1987年5月8日PCT提交1986年8月25日PCT公布。 公开号WO87 / 01791 日期：1987年3月26日。本发明涉及一种循环流化床反应器，其包括具有水平涡流室（23）的颗粒分离器（9）。 分离器优选设置在燃烧室（5）的顶部。 从涡流室排出气体的管道（25）已经连接到设置在涡流室的周边（19）上的开口（24）。
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公开(公告)号：US4363292A
公开(公告)日：1982-12-14
申请号：US200766
申请日：1980-10-27
Applicant: Folke Engstrom
Inventor： Folke Engstrom
CPC classification number: B01J8/1818 , F22B31/0023 , F23C10/002
Abstract: A fluidized bed reactor e.g. for the burning of fuels of different calorific values. The bottom part of the combustion chamber is divided into an outer and an inner fluidization zone by a partition wall adjacent to the distributor plate. Heat transfer surfaces are disposed in the outer fluidization zone. Heat can be withdrawn from the outer fluidization zone which is activated when burning fuel having a high calorific value. When burning fuel of lower calorific value the outer fluidization zone is not operated. The inner fluidization zone will be in operation in both cases. The supply of fluidizing gas to the second fluidization zone is controlled in order to maintain predetermined conditions in this zone.
Abstract translation: 流化床反应器 用于燃烧具有不同热值的燃料。 燃烧室的底部通过与分配器板相邻的分隔壁分成外部和内部流化区。 传热表面设置在外部流化区域中。 可以从燃烧具有高热值的燃料时被激活的外部流化区撤回热量。 当燃烧较低热值燃料时，外部流化区不工作。 内部流化区将在两种情况下运行。 控制向第二流化区供应流化气体以便在该区域中保持预定条件。
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公开(公告)号：US4330502A
公开(公告)日：1982-05-18
申请号：US159467
申请日：1980-06-16
Applicant: Folke Engstrom
Inventor： Folke Engstrom
IPC: B01J8/00 , B01J8/18 , B01J8/24 , F23C10/18 , F23C10/24 , F27B15/08 , B01J8/28 , B01J8/30 , F27B15/16
CPC classification number: F23C10/24 , B01J8/003 , B01J8/1818 , B01J8/24 , B01J2208/00761
Abstract: A fluidized bed reactor which is capable of burning material containing incombustible matter which during operation accumulates in the form of large particles in the lower part of the reactor, is provided. A discharge system which causes coarse particles to be discharged in a continuous manner without discharging fine particles or combustible matter is provided. The discharge means comprises a discharge compartment connected to an outlet of the distributor plate of the reactor. An upward flow pipe is centrally disposed in the discharge compartment. Air is supplied to the lower part of the discharge compartment. Coarse particles are withdrawn from the discharge compartment through a discharge pipe. Fine particles are blown back to the reactor through the upward flow pipe.
Abstract translation: 提供了能够燃烧含有不可燃物质的材料的流化床反应器，其在操作中在反应器的下部以大颗粒的形式积聚。 提供一种使粗颗粒以连续方式排出而不排出细颗粒或可燃物质的排放系统。 排放装置包括连接到反应器的分配板的出口的排放室。 向上流动管道居中设置在排放室中。 空气被供给到排放室的下部。 粗颗粒通过排放管从排放室排出。 细颗粒通过向上的流动管被吹回到反应器中。
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公开(公告)号：US5505906A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-09
申请号：US708207
申请日：1991-05-31
Applicant: Folke Engstrom , Juhani Isaksson
Inventor： Folke Engstrom , Juhani Isaksson
IPC: B01D39/20 , B01D46/24 , B01D46/42 , B01D50/00 , B01D51/10 , B04C9/00 , F23C10/10 , F23C10/16 , F23J13/02 , F23J15/02 , F27B15/00 , B09B3/00 , F23J3/00
CPC classification number: F23J13/02 , F23C10/10 , F23C10/16 , F23J15/025 , F23C2206/101 , F23J2217/104
Abstract: Apparatus for cleaning high temperature, high pressure gases includes a pressure vessel, and a filtration unit within the pressure vessel. The filtration unit is adapted to communicate with a fluidized bed reactor gas outlet, and includes at least one dirty gas chamber housing a plurality of porous, ceramic filter tubes, and at least one clean gas chamber for receiving clean gas from the ceramic filter tubes. The dirty gas chamber includes a particle outlet for removing particles separated from the gas by the filter tubes. The porous ceramic filter tubes are horizontally oriented within the filtration unit or housing and mounted within water cooled walls of the housing. The fluidized bed reactor and associated cyclone separator may be located within the pressure vessel with the filtration unit, or located outside the pressure vessel and in communication with the filtration unit inside the pressure vessel.
Abstract translation: 用于清洁高温高压气体的装置包括压力容器和压力容器内的过滤单元。 过滤单元适于与流化床反应器气体出口连通，并且包括容纳多个多孔陶瓷过滤管的至少一个脏气室和至少一个用于从陶瓷过滤管接收清洁气体的清洁气室。 脏气室包括用于除去由过滤管与气体分离的颗粒的颗粒出口。 多孔陶瓷过滤管在过滤单元或壳体内水平定向并安装在壳体的水冷壁内。 流化床反应器和相关的旋风分离器可以与过滤单元位于压力容器内，或者位于压力容器外部并与压力容器内的过滤单元连通。
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