Abstract:
A mechanism if provided for testing newly-manufactured integrated circuits at the wafer stage. Built-in self-test circuitry is used to test each of the die on a wafer in parallel. Then, when a defect is detected, the die marks itself (e.g., by physically destroying a portion of itself through burnout). The present mechanism eliminates the inefficiencies of serial testing of die and of mechanical latency as each die is positioned for testing.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus in a source node for transmitting data to a target node. Responsive to a request to transmit data to the target node, a determination is made as to whether a selected period of time has passed without data transmitted from the source node being received by the target node. Responsive to detecting the selected period of time has passed without data transmitted from the source node being received by the target node, a determination is made as to whether space is available in the target node to receive the data. Responsive to a determination that space is unavailable in the target node, generating an indication that the target node is blocked is generated.
Abstract:
A method of fabricating a semiconductor wafer includes the step of fabricating a number of die on the wafer. The method also includes the step of fabricating a memory device on the wafer. The method further includes the step of testing the number of die with a die testing apparatus so as to obtain test data associated with the number of die. In addition, the method includes the step of storing the test data obtained during the testing step in the memory device. Moreover, the method includes the step of retrieving the test data from the memory device. Yet further, the method includes the step of operating a packaging apparatus so as to package a first die of the number of die based on the test data. A semiconductor wafer is also disclosed.
Abstract:
A method and associated apparatus for using a primary FIFO and one or more secondary FIFOs in parallel to simplify flow control and routing in packet communication operations wherein at least one FIFO (buffer) is associated with each of a plurality of receiving nodes or components within a receiving node. The present invention applies received packets simultaneously to a primary FIFO and to all associated secondary FIFOs in the receiver of a packet communications link. After receipt of a packet, the packet is removed from any secondary FIFOs which correspond to receiver nodes or components to which the packet was not routed. For all receiving nodes or components to which the packet was routed, if the packet was stored in each associated secondary FIFO without overflow, then the packet is also purged from the primary FIFO. If any secondary FIFO overflowed by storage of the received packet, then the packet is purged from the overflowed FIFO and the packet remains stored in the primary FIFO for further processing. Flow control signals are generated and applied to the transmitting source as required in accordance with the status of the primary FIFO. The secondary FIFOs are not directly relevant to flow control logic. The receiving component corresponding to each secondary FIFO locates the next packet for processing by inspecting the associated secondary FIFO as well as the primary FIFO if the secondary FIFO overflowed. These methods and apparatus simplify flow control and routing control in packetized communication receivers.
Abstract:
This invention is directed to a continuous process for producing viral particles comprising providing in a perfused growth medium a population of viable virally infected non-lytic cells, and removing medium containing said cells at a rate to maintain the steady-state log-phase growth of cells remaining in said perfused growth medium. The invention is also directed to a process for purifying retroviral particles comprising passing a solution comprising the retroviral particles and contaminants through an anion exchange resin, and eluting the retroviral particles from the resin.
Abstract:
A method and associated apparatus for automating the filtration and generation of information in a packetized communication system. A filtration table includes entries used in recognizing a valid packet received at a node in a communication system. A mask field in each entry is applied to appropriate fields in the packet (e.g. the ordered set as applied to Fibre Channel communication systems) to determine the validity of the packet with regard to the receiving node. Rules in a field of each entry further qualify the recognition of a received packet (e.g. ordered set) by testing the reception of the packet against other logical rules. Action fields in each record permit definition of actions to be invoked automatically (e.g. automatic adjustment of fill transmissions in Fibre Channel applications) in response to receipt and recognition of a particular packet. The set of packets recognized by the receiving node may be modified by adding, deleting, or modifying the entries in the filtration table. The programmable filtration thereby permits simple modifications to the protocol supported by the receiving node. Programmable generation capabilities of the present invention permit rapid integration of additional packets (e.g. ordered sets) transmitted in response to perceived packets in the receiving node. Programmable parameters in the receiving node permit automatic generation and transmission of packets in accordance with the parameter settings at the time of packet transmission.
Abstract:
A magnetic resonance angiogram is produced by projecting a 3D array of motion sensitized NMR data. A mask which locates the vessels in the 3D array is produced by thresholding the NMR data, and this mask is combined with the 3D NMR data set to exclude signals produced by surrounding stationary tissues. An integration projection technique is used to produce the angiogram from the masked data set.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for transferring data from a host to a node through a fabric connecting the host to the node. A chip architecture is provided in which a protocol engine provides for on ship processing in transferring data such that frequent interrupts from various components within the chip may be processed without intervention from the host processor. Additionally, context managers are provided to transmit and receive data. The protocol engine creates a list of transmit activities, which is traversed by the context managers, which in turn execute the listed activity in a fashion independent from the protocol engine. In receiving data, the context managers provide a mechanism to process frames of data originating from various sources without requiring intervention from the protocol engine. When receiving data, the context managers are able to process frames from different sources, which arrive out of order. Additionally, the context managers also determine when all frames within a sequence have been received. A link control unit is provided in which loop management is provided when the host is connected to a loop. Management of the loop includes implementing mechanisms to initiate acquisition of the loop and initiate a release of the loop in response to conditions in which data is received and transmitted by the host and by other nodes on the loop.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for transferring data from a host to a node through a fabric connecting the host to the node. A chip architecture is provided in which a protocol engine provides for on chip processing in transferring data such that frequent interrupts from various components within the chip may be processed without intervention from the host processor. Additionally, context managers are provided to transmit and receive data. The protocol engine creates a list of transmit activities, which is traversed by the context managers, which in turn execute the listed activity in a fashion independent from the protocol engine. In receiving data, the context managers provide a mechanism to process frames of data originating from various sources without requiring intervention from the protocol engine. When receiving data, the context managers are able to process frames from different sources, which arrive out of order. Additionally, the context managers also determine when all frames within a sequence have been received. A link control unit is provided in which loop management is provided when the host is connected to a loop. Management of the loop includes implementing mechanisms to initiate acquisition of the loop and initiate a release of the loop in response to conditions in which data is received and transmitted by the host and by other nodes on the loop.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus of a synchronizer circuit for transferring signals between two clock domains in which a first synchronizer unit and a second synchronizer unit form a hand-shaking protocol. In particular, an input event from a source clock domain is captured in an input unit and a first signal is asserted indicating that the input signal is to be transferred to a target clock domain. This first signal is synchronized to the clock signal in the target clock domain at the first synchronizer unit, causing assertion of a second signal. The second signal is coupled to an output unit which generates an output event signal for a single clock period.