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    Systems and methods related to the formation of carbon-based nanostructures
    3.
    发明授权
    Systems and methods related to the formation of carbon-based nanostructures 有权
    与碳基纳米结构形成相关的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US08865109B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-10-21

    申请号：US13568398

    申请日：2012-08-07

    申请人： Stephen A. Steiner, III ,  Brian L. Wardle

    发明人： Stephen A. Steiner, III ,  Brian L. Wardle

    IPC分类号： D01C5/00 ,  C01B31/02 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01B31/04 ,  B82Y40/00

    CPC分类号： C01B32/16 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/162 ,  C01B32/18 ,  C01B32/186 ,  C01B2202/02 ,  C01B2202/06 ,  Y10S977/742 ,  Y10S977/842 ,  Y10S977/843

    摘要： Systems and methods for the formation of carbon-based nanostructures are generally described. In some embodiments, the nanostructures may be formed on a nanopositor. The nanopositor can comprise, in some embodiments, at least one of metal atoms in a non-zero oxidation state and metalloid atoms in a non-zero oxidation state. For example, the nanopositor may comprise a metal oxide, a metalloid oxide, a metal chalcogenide, a metalloid chalcogenide, and the like. The carbon-based nanostructures may be grown by exposing the nanopositor, in the presence or absence of a growth substrate, to a set of conditions selected to cause formation of carbon-based nanostructures on the nanopositor. In some embodiments, metal or metalloid atoms in a non-zero oxidation state are not reduced to a zero oxidation state during the formation of the carbon-based nanostructures. In some cases, metal or metalloid atoms in a non-zero oxidation state do not form a carbide during the formation of the carbon-based nanostructures.

    摘要翻译： 通常描述用于形成碳基纳米结构的系统和方法。 在一些实施方案中，纳米结构可以形成在纳米激光器上。 在一些实施方案中，纳米导体可以包括非零氧化态的金属原子和非零氧化态的准金属原子中的至少一种。 例如，纳米阳极剂可以包含金属氧化物，类金属氧化物，金属硫族化物，准金属硫族化物等。 碳纳米结构可以通过在存在或不存在生长衬底的情况下将纳米孔体暴露于所选择的一系列条件来生长，所述条件被选择用于在纳米反应器上形成碳基纳米结构。 在一些实施方案中，非零氧化态的金属或准金属原子在形成碳基纳米结构期间不会降低至零氧化态。 在一些情况下，非零氧化态的金属或准金属原子在形成碳基纳米结构期间不形成碳化物。

    SYSTEMS AND METHODS RELATED TO THE FORMATION OF CARBON-BASED NANOSTRUCTURES
    4.
    发明申请
    SYSTEMS AND METHODS RELATED TO THE FORMATION OF CARBON-BASED NANOSTRUCTURES 有权
    与碳基纳米结构形成相关的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US20110027162A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-02-03

    申请号：US12847905

    申请日：2010-07-30

    申请人： Stephen A. Steiner, III ,  Brian L. Wardle

    发明人： Stephen A. Steiner, III ,  Brian L. Wardle

    IPC分类号： C01B31/30

    CPC分类号： C01B32/16 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/162 ,  C01B32/18 ,  C01B32/186 ,  C01B2202/02 ,  C01B2202/06 ,  Y10S977/742 ,  Y10S977/842 ,  Y10S977/843

    摘要： Systems and methods for the formation of carbon-based nanostructures are generally described. In some embodiments, the nanostructures may be formed on a nanopositor. The nanopositor can comprise, in some embodiments, at least one of metal atoms in a non-zero oxidation state and metalloid atoms in a non-zero oxidation state. For example, the nanopositor may comprise a metal oxide, a metalloid oxide, a metal chalcogenide, a metalloid chalcogenide, and the like. The carbon-based nanostructures may be grown by exposing the nanopositor, in the presence or absence of a growth substrate, to a set of conditions selected to cause formation of carbon-based nanostructures on the nanopositor. In some embodiments, metal or metalloid atoms in a non-zero oxidation state are not reduced to a zero oxidation state during the formation of the carbon-based nanostructures. In some cases, metal or metalloid atoms in a non-zero oxidation state do not form a carbide during the formation of the carbon-based nanostructures.

    摘要翻译： 通常描述用于形成碳基纳米结构的系统和方法。 在一些实施方案中，纳米结构可以形成在纳米激光器上。 在一些实施方案中，纳米导体可以包括非零氧化态的金属原子和非零氧化态的准金属原子中的至少一种。 例如，纳米阳极剂可以包含金属氧化物，类金属氧化物，金属硫族化物，准金属硫族化物等。 碳纳米结构可以通过在存在或不存在生长衬底的情况下将纳米孔体暴露于所选择的一系列条件来生长，所述条件被选择用于在纳米反应器上形成碳基纳米结构。 在一些实施方案中，非零氧化态的金属或准金属原子在形成碳基纳米结构期间不会降低至零氧化态。 在一些情况下，非零氧化态的金属或准金属原子在形成碳基纳米结构期间不形成碳化物。

    Systems and methods related to the formation of carbon-based nanostructures
    5.
    发明授权
    Systems and methods related to the formation of carbon-based nanostructures 有权
    与碳基纳米结构形成相关的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US08257678B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-09-04

    申请号：US12847905

    申请日：2010-07-30

    申请人： Stephen A. Steiner, III ,  Brian L. Wardle

    发明人： Stephen A. Steiner, III ,  Brian L. Wardle

    IPC分类号： D01C5/00

    CPC分类号： C01B32/16 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/162 ,  C01B32/18 ,  C01B32/186 ,  C01B2202/02 ,  C01B2202/06 ,  Y10S977/742 ,  Y10S977/842 ,  Y10S977/843

    摘要： Systems and methods for the formation of carbon-based nanostructures are generally described. In some embodiments, the nanostructures may be formed on a nanopositor. The nanopositor can comprise, in some embodiments, at least one of metal atoms in a non-zero oxidation state and metalloid atoms in a non-zero oxidation state. For example, the nanopositor may comprise a metal oxide, a metalloid oxide, a metal chalcogenide, a metalloid chalcogenide, and the like. The carbon-based nanostructures may be grown by exposing the nanopositor, in the presence or absence of a growth substrate, to a set of conditions selected to cause formation of carbon-based nanostructures on the nanopositor. In some embodiments, metal or metalloid atoms in a non-zero oxidation state are not reduced to a zero oxidation state during the formation of the carbon-based nanostructures. In some cases, metal or metalloid atoms in a non-zero oxidation state do not form a carbide during the formation of the carbon-based nanostructures.

    摘要翻译： 通常描述用于形成碳基纳米结构的系统和方法。 在一些实施方案中，纳米结构可以形成在纳米激光器上。 在一些实施方案中，纳米导体可以包括非零氧化态的金属原子和非零氧化态的准金属原子中的至少一种。 例如，纳米阳极剂可以包含金属氧化物，类金属氧化物，金属硫族化物，准金属硫族化物等。 碳纳米结构可以通过在存在或不存在生长衬底的情况下将纳米孔体暴露于所选择的一系列条件来生长，所述条件被选择用于在纳米反应器上形成碳基纳米结构。 在一些实施方案中，非零氧化态的金属或准金属原子在形成碳基纳米结构期间不会降低至零氧化态。 在一些情况下，非零氧化态的金属或准金属原子在形成碳基纳米结构期间不形成碳化物。

    CONTROLLED-ORIENTATION FILMS AND NANOCOMPOSITES INCLUDING NANOTUBES OR OTHER NANOSTRUCTURES
    7.
    发明申请
    CONTROLLED-ORIENTATION FILMS AND NANOCOMPOSITES INCLUDING NANOTUBES OR OTHER NANOSTRUCTURES 有权
    控制膜和纳米复合材料，包括纳米管或其他纳米结构

    公开(公告)号：US20100196695A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-08-05

    申请号：US12618203

    申请日：2009-11-13

    申请人： Enrique J. Garcia ,  Anastasios John Hart ,  Diego S. Saito ,  Brian L. Wardle ,  Hulya Cebeci

    发明人： Enrique J. Garcia ,  Anastasios John Hart ,  Diego S. Saito ,  Brian L. Wardle ,  Hulya Cebeci

    IPC分类号： B32B5/16 ,  B29C43/02 ,  B29C71/02 ,  B29C59/02 ,  B05D3/12 ,  B05D3/02 ,  B32B38/10

    CPC分类号： C01B32/16 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/158 ,  C01B2202/08 ,  C01B2202/36 ,  D01F9/127 ,  Y10T156/1111 ,  Y10T428/25

    摘要： Generally, the present invention provides methods for the production of materials comprising a plurality of nanostructures such as nanotubes (e.g., carbon nanotubes) and related articles. The plurality of nanostructures may be provided such that their long axes are substantially aligned and, in some cases, continuous from end to end of the sample. For example, in some cases, the nanostructures may be fabricated by uniformly growing the nanostructures on the surface of a substrate, such that the long axes are aligned and non-parallel to the substrate surface. The nanostructures may be, in some instances, substantially perpendicular to the substrate surface. In one set of embodiments, a force with a component normal to the long axes of the nanostructures may be applied to the substantially aligned nanostructures. The application of a force may result in a material comprising a relatively high volume fraction or mass density of nanostructures. In some instances, the application of a force may result in a material comprising relatively closely-spaced nanostructures. The materials described herein may be further processed for use in various applications, such as composite materials (e.g., nanocomposites). For example, a set of aligned nanostructures may be formed, and, after the application of a force, transferred, either in bulk or to another surface, and combined with another material (e.g., to form a nanocomposite) to enhance the properties of the material.

    摘要翻译： 通常，本发明提供了生产包含多个纳米结构如纳米管（例如碳纳米管）和相关制品的材料的方法。 可以提供多个纳米结构，使得它们的长轴基本上对准，并且在一些情况下，连续地从样品的端部到末端。 例如，在一些情况下，纳米结构可以通过在衬底的表面上均匀地生长纳米结构来制造，使得长轴对准并且不平行于衬底表面。 在一些情况下，纳米结构可以基本上垂直于衬底表面。 在一组实施例中，具有垂直于纳米结构的长轴的分量的力可以施加到基本排列的纳米结构。 施加力可导致包含相对较高体积分数或质量密度的纳米结构的材料。 在一些情况下，施加力可导致包含相对紧密间隔的纳米结构的材料。 本文所述的材料可以进一步加工用于各种应用中，例如复合材料（例如纳米复合材料）。 例如，可以形成一组对齐的纳米结构，并且在施加力之后，或者在本体或另一表面中转移，并与另一种材料（例如，以形成纳米复合材料）结合以增强其性质 材料。

    Carbon-based nanostructure formation using large scale active growth structures
    8.
    发明授权
    Carbon-based nanostructure formation using large scale active growth structures 有权

    公开(公告)号：US09663368B2

    公开(公告)日：2017-05-30

    申请号：US13284021

    申请日：2011-10-28

    申请人： Roberto Guzman de Villoria ,  Brian L. Wardle

    发明人： Roberto Guzman de Villoria ,  Brian L. Wardle

    IPC分类号： C01B31/02 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00

    CPC分类号： C01B31/0233 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/162 ,  Y10T428/25

    摘要： Systems and methods for the formation of carbon-based nanostructures using large-scale active growth structures are generally described. In addition, systems and methods related to the formation of carbon-based nanostructures using basalt and/or titanium (e.g., elemental titanium) are generally described. The carbon-based nanostructures can be grown by exposing the large-scale active growth structures, basalt, and/or titanium to a set of conditions selected to cause formation of carbon-based nanostructures on (e.g., directly on) the large-scale active growth structure, basalt, and/or titanium. When basalt and/or titanium are used as all or part of an active growth structure, the basalt and/or titanium can be in any suitable form such as, for example, a planar or non-planar active growth structure (which can have, in some cases, a first cross-sectional dimension of at least about 1 mm) comprising basalt and/or titanium (e.g., a fiber comprising basalt and/or titanium) and/or particles (e.g., nanoparticles) comprising basalt and/or titanium.

    SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR STRUCTURAL SENSING
    9.
    发明申请
    SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR STRUCTURAL SENSING 失效
    用于结构感测的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US20110142091A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-06-16

    申请号：US12943775

    申请日：2010-11-10

    申请人： Brian L. Wardle ,  Roberto Guzman de Villoria ,  Antonio Miravete

    发明人： Brian L. Wardle ,  Roberto Guzman de Villoria ,  Antonio Miravete

    IPC分类号： G01K13/00 ,  G01N25/00 ,  G01N25/72

    CPC分类号： G01K13/00 ,  B82Y15/00 ,  B82Y35/00 ,  G01M5/0033 ,  G01M99/002 ,  G01N25/72 ,  G01N2203/0694

    摘要： Systems and methods related to the determination of one or more mechanical characteristics of a structural element are generally described. In some embodiments, a mechanical characteristic (e.g., a crack, a deformation, an inclusion, etc.) can be determined based at least in part upon the determination of a temperature generated, for example, by passing a current through a network of structures within the structural element. For example, in some embodiments, the structural element can comprise a network of electrically conductive nanostructures and, in some cases, a primary structural material that is not substantially electrically conductive. An electrical current can be passed through the network of electrically conductive nanostructures (e.g., by passing current through an electrical circuit comprising the network of electrically conductive nanostructures). This may result in resistive heating (also known as Joule-effect heating) of the nanostructure network. In some embodiments, a first temperature of the network and/or structural elements can be determined (e.g., via a sensor associated with the electrical circuit). This first temperature can be, in some cases, indicative of a mechanical characteristic of the structural element. In some embodiments, one or more mechanical characteristics of the structural element can be determined based at least in part upon the determination of the first temperature of the structural element.

    摘要翻译： 通常描述与确定结构元件的一个或多个机械特性有关的系统和方法。 在一些实施例中，可以至少部分地基于例如通过使电流通过结构网络而产生的温度的确定来确定机械特性（例如，裂纹，变形，夹杂物等） 在结构元素内。 例如，在一些实施例中，结构元件可以包括导电纳米结构的网络，并且在一些情况下可以包括实质上不导电的主要结构材料。 电流可以通过导电纳米结构的网络（例如，通过使电流通过包括导电纳米结构网络的电路）。 这可能导致纳米结构网络的电阻加热（也称为焦耳效应加热）。 在一些实施例中，可以确定网络和/或结构元件的第一温度（例如，经由与电路相关联的传感器）。 在一些情况下，第一温度可以表示结构元件的机械特性。 在一些实施例中，可以至少部分地基于结构元件的第一温度的确定来确定结构元件的一个或多个机械特性。