摘要:
A dihydroxyphenyl cross-linked macromolecular network is provided that is useful in artificial tissue and tissue engineering applications, particularly to provide a synthetic, implantable tissue matrix material for a wide variety of tissue types. In particular, artificial or synthetic cartilage, vocal cord material, vitreous material, soft tissue material and mitral valve material are described. In an embodiment, the network is composed of tyramine-substituted and cross-linked hyaluronan molecules, wherein cross-linking is achieved via peroxidase-mediated dityramine-linkages that can be performed in vivo. The dityramine bonds provide a stable, coherent hyaluronan-based hydrogel with desired physical properties.
摘要:
A dihydroxyphenyl cross-linked macromolecular network is provided that is useful in artificial tissue and tissue engineering applications, such as artificial or synthetic cartilage. The network is made by first providing a polyamine or polycarboxylate macromolecule (having a plurality of amine or carboxylic acid groups respectively attached along the length of the molecule), reacting this macromolecule with a hydroxyphenyl compound having a free carboxylic acid group in the case of a polyamine or a free primary amine group in the case of a polycarboxylate, and substituting the hydroxyphenyl compound onto the macromolecule via a carbodiimide-mediated reaction pathway to provide a hydroxyphenyl-substituted macromolecule. This macromolecule is then linked to other such macromolecules via an enzyme catalyzed dimerization reaction between two hydroxyphenyl groups attached respectively to different macromolecules under metabolic conditions of temperature and pH. In a preferred embodiment, the macromolecular network is made up of tyramine-substituted hyaluronan molecules that are linked by dityramine bonds to provide a stable, coherent hydrogel with desired physical properties. A method of preparing such a network is also provided.
摘要:
A metal framing layout square of substantially flat unitary construction and a method for using the same is provided. The square preferably includes an elongated blade, an elongated slot defined in the blade and parallel to the edges of the blade to provide two additional edges for the marking of measurement scales. The tool provides a tongue joined at a right angle to the blade. The metal framing layout square is preferably used with the layout phase of interior metal framed walls, and is directed to a metal framing layout square for use in constructing compound metal framing systems comprising a plurality of predetermined lengths and widths, and has slots which are to allow a user to readily mark a series of layout marks from a starting point to efficiently complete a set of markings for an entire framing structure with minimal need for secondary measuring devices.
摘要:
A method for intentionally modulating by externally directing the amount of fat in a living mammal having adipocyte cells which comprises administering a compound thereto having reactive selectivity to the metabolic regulatory system of the cells of the animal to increase the fatty acid α oxidation of the lipid content in the differentiating adipocyte thereby reducing the amount of equivalents available for ATP synthesis.
摘要:
A method of identifying compounds that modulate the activity of myocardial calcium-independent phospholipase A.sub.2 is disclosed. In a test assay of the method of the invention, myocardial calcium-independent phospholipase A.sub.2 40 kDa catalytic subunit, 85kDa phosphofructokinase isoform, ATP, a substrate and a test compound are combined and the myocardial calcium-independent phospholipase A.sub.2 activity is determined. The level of activity observed in the test assay is compared to the level of activity generated from a control assay which is similar to the test assay but which does not include the test compound. Essentially pure myocardial calcium-independent phospholipase A.sub.2 85kDa phosphofructokinase isoform is also disclosed.
摘要:
A stable Low Power Mode (LPM) for multicarrier transceivers is described that at least provides transmit power savings while enabling receiver designs that can easily operate without the detrimental effects of fluctuating crosstalk. In one exemplary embodiment, the LPM achieves power savings by reducing the number of used subcarriers without actually performing a power cutback on those subcarriers, thereby allowing a receiver to measure the SNR or noise levels and determine the crosstalk noise on the line regardless of a crosstalking modem being in a LPM or not.
摘要:
An input estimator is based on a combined MFDQ-DF and trellis for use in, for example, an ADSL environment. In particular, for an ADSL implementation, the system will have one feedback tap for the decision feedback. However, it should be appreciated that the idea and basic concept of using the structure of a trellis to aid in determining the feedback point can be extended to any system using a feedback equalizer to estimate input to a trellis decoder.