摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes a belt member for transferring a developed image formed on an image bearing member onto a recording material, and an opening provided to permit a cartridge including the image bearing member to enter inside of the image forming apparatus. In addition, a first guide portion guides the cartridge through the opening from a position where a bottom end portion of the image bearing member is below, with respect to a vertical direction, a transfer position where the image bearing member and the belt member contact each other when the cartridge is mounted, a second guide portion guides the cartridge from a position where the bottom end portion is below, with respect to the vertical direction, the transfer position to a position where the bottom end portion is above the transfer position, and a third guide portion guides the cartridge from the position where the bottom end portion is above, with respect to the vertical direction, the transfer position to the transfer position.
摘要:
An electrophotographic image forming apparatus detachably mountable to a main assembly of the apparatus, includes a rotatable image bearing member on which a latent image is to be formed; charging means for contacting said image bearing member to charge a surface of said image bearing member; a frame supporting said image bearing member and said charging means; a covering member, demountably mounted to said frame, for protecting the surface of said image bearing member; and a spacer member including a spacing portion, movably provided on said covering member, for entering between said image bearing member and said charging means to space them therebetween, and a retaining portion, contacting said covering member when said spacing portion is not between said image bearing member and said charging means, for preventing said spacer member from disengaging from said covering member.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus to which a cartridge including an image bearing drum and a frame supporting the image bearing member, the apparatus includes a belt member for transferring a developed image formed on the drum onto a recording material; an opening provided to permit the cartridge to enter an inside of a main assembly; a first guide portion for guiding the cartridge through the opening from a position where a bottom end portion of the drum is below a transfer position where the drum and the belt member contact with each other when the cartridge is mounted; a second guide portion provided downstream of the first guide portion with respect to a mounting direction in which the cartridge is mounted to the main assembly, the second guide portion guiding the cartridge from a position where the bottom end portion of the drum is below the transfer position to a position where the bottom end portion of the drum is above the transfer position; and a third guide portion provided downstream of the second guide portion with respect to the mounting direction, the third guide portion guiding the cartridge from the position where the bottom end portion is above the transfer position to the transfer position.
摘要:
In a photovoltaic cell composed of a photovoltaic element and a coating film provided thereon, the photovoltaic element has an electrode portion or portions having a thickness larger than the average thickness of the coating film, and in addition, the thickness of the coating film which is in contact with the electrode portion or portions is equal to or smaller than the average thickness described above.
摘要:
A solar cell module or a solar cell module which is provided with a readable and writable memory medium capable of writing in a large quantity of information of said solar cell module and capable of reading out necessary information from said memory medium. A solar cell system comprising said solar cell module or said solar cell module string. A method for supervising said solar cell module or said solar cell module string.
摘要:
Laser light having a wavelength where a thin-film semiconductor layer can absorb the laser light is applied on the side of the thin-film semiconductor layer to join a semiconductor-holding member and a metal member by welding. Materials can be joined at a sufficiently high strength and with long term stability especially when a metal member of the same or different type is welded to a conductive substrate which is a part of a photovoltaic device.
摘要:
In a photovoltaic device comprising a conductive base plate having four side edges, at least one conductive foil having a higher conductivity than the conductive base plate is provided in contact with the conductive base plate along at least one side edge of the conductive base plate. The conductive foil is preferably provided on the non-light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic device, and comprises copper as a main ingredient. The conductive foil preferably has a thickness in the range of 70 .mu.m to 150 .mu.m and is provided along each of two side edges of the conductive base plate facing each other. The conductive base plate is a base plate made of stainless steel. In the photovoltaic device and a manufacture method thereof, the conductive foil and the conductive base plate are connected together by ultrasonic welding.
摘要:
A process cartridge detachably mountable to a main assembly of an image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member; a cleaning member for removing a developer from the image bearing member; a frame provided with an opening; a developer accommodating portion for accommodating the developer which was removed by the cleaning member and has passed through the opening; a sheet member, contacting the image bearing member, for preventing the developer from leaking out of the developer accommodating portion; a supporting portion, provided to the frame, for supporting the sheet member; a reinforcing portion, provided to the frame, connecting a one end-side portion of the frame located upstream of the opening with the other end-side portion of the frame located downstream of the opening, with respect to a rotational direction of the image bearing member; and a space, provided downstream of the reinforcing portion with respect to a direction from the opening toward the developer accommodating portion, for permitting movement of the developer in an axial direction of the image bearing member.
摘要:
Before electrically connecting at least two photovoltaic elements, a medium capable of absorbing at least 10% or more of a light having a wavelength of 0.4 &mgr;m to 2.0 &mgr;m is provided on an electric connection portion of the photovoltaic element, whereby the present invention provides a method of electrically connecting a group of photovoltaic elements to one another with a high yield and easy automatization.
摘要:
By inspecting an electrical wiring route of a solar cell module while applying a load to the solar cell module, it is possible to more accurately judge the presence or absence of a defect in the electrical wiring route of the solar cell module.