公开(公告)号：US09104606B2

公开(公告)日：2015-08-11

申请号：US13301781

申请日：2011-11-22

申请人： Landy Wang ,  Yevgeniy Bak ,  Mehmet Iyigun

发明人： Landy Wang ,  Yevgeniy Bak ,  Mehmet Iyigun

IPC分类号： G06F12/00 ,  G06F12/12 ,  G06F12/08

CPC分类号： G06F12/1009 ,  G06F12/0246 ,  G06F12/0862 ,  G06F12/126 ,  G06F2212/1008 ,  G06F2212/152 ,  G06F2212/251

摘要： In one embodiment, a memory management system temporarily maintains a memory page at an artificially high priority level 210. The memory management system may assign an initial priority level 212 to a memory page in a page priority list 202. The memory management system may change the memory page to a target priority level 214 in the page priority list 202 after a protection period 238 has expired.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，存储器管理系统临时维护人为高优先级级别210的存储器页面。存储器管理系统可以向页面优先级列表202中的存储器页面分配初始优先级212.存储器管理系统可以改变 存储器页面在保护周期238已经期满之后到页面优先级列表202中的目标优先级214。

公开(公告)号：US09032151B2

公开(公告)日：2015-05-12

申请号：US12271472

申请日：2008-11-14

申请人： Mehmet Iyigun ,  Yevgeniy Bak ,  Michael Fortin ,  David Fields ,  Cenk Ergan ,  Alexander Kirshenbaum

发明人： Mehmet Iyigun ,  Yevgeniy Bak ,  Michael Fortin ,  David Fields ,  Cenk Ergan ,  Alexander Kirshenbaum

IPC分类号： G06F12/08 ,  G06F12/14 ,  G06F12/00 ,  G06F11/14

CPC分类号： G06F12/0833 ,  G06F11/1441 ,  G06F12/0862 ,  G06F12/0866 ,  G06F12/128 ,  G06F12/14 ,  G06F2212/1052 ,  G06F2212/2022 ,  G06F2212/2146 ,  G06F2212/222 ,  G06F2212/466 ,  G06F2212/62 ,  Y02D10/13

摘要： To ensure that the contents of a non-volatile memory device cache may be relied upon as accurately reflecting data stored on disk storage, it may be determined whether the cache contents and/or disk contents are modified during a power transition, causing cache contents to no longer accurately reflect data stored in disk storage. The cache device may be removable from the computer, and unexpected removal of the cache device may cause cache contents to no longer accurately reflect data stored in disk storage. Cache metadata may be managed during normal operations and across power transitions, ensuring that cache metadata may be efficiently accessed and reliably saved and restored across power transitions. A state of a log used by a file system may be determined prior to and subsequent to reboot of an operating system in order to determine whether data stored on a cache device may be reliably used.

摘要翻译： 为了确保非易失性存储器件高速缓存的内容可以被准确地反映存储在磁盘存储器中的数据，可以确定在电源转换期间缓存内容和/或磁盘内容是否被修改，从而导致高速缓存内容 不再准确反映存储在磁盘存储中的数据。 高速缓存设备可以从计算机移除，并且高速缓存设备的意外移除可能导致高速缓存内容不再准确地反映存储在磁盘存储器中的数据。 高速缓存元数据可以在正常操作和功率转换期间进行管理，从而确保高速缓存元数据可以被有效地访问，并且在功率转换之间可靠地保存和恢复。 可以在操作系统重新启动之前和之后确定文件系统使用的日志的状态，以便确定存储在高速缓存设备上的数据是否可以被可靠地使用。

公开(公告)号：US08631203B2

公开(公告)日：2014-01-14

申请号：US11953312

申请日：2007-12-10

申请人： Michael Fortin ,  Cenk Ergan ,  Mehmet Iyigun ,  Yevgeniy Bak ,  Ben Mickle ,  Aaron Dietrich ,  Alexander Kirshenbaum

发明人： Michael Fortin ,  Cenk Ergan ,  Mehmet Iyigun ,  Yevgeniy Bak ,  Ben Mickle ,  Aaron Dietrich ,  Alexander Kirshenbaum

IPC分类号： G06F12/08 ,  G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G06F12/1408 ,  G06F12/0815 ,  G06F12/0893 ,  G06F12/1009 ,  G06F12/109

摘要： A method and apparatus for managing the caching of data on an auxiliary memory of a computer. Pages of data may be cached on an auxiliary memory, such as a flash memory, at a virtual level using an identifier that does not involve a physical address of the pages on a memory. Pages may be cached on auxiliary memory that may be removable from the computer, e.g., by unplugging the memory from the computer. Page data may be encrypted and/or compressed on the auxiliary memory. An authentication indicator may be used to verify the accuracy of cached data in the case of an interrupted connection to the auxiliary memory, e.g., as a result of computer power down, hibernation, removal of the memory from the computer, etc.

摘要翻译： 一种用于管理计算机辅助存储器上的数据缓存的方法和装置。 可以使用不涉及存储器上的页面的物理地址的标识符将数据页面缓存在诸如闪存之类的辅助存储器上。 可以将页面缓存在辅助存储器上，这可以从计算机移除，例如通过从计算机拔出存储器。 页面数据可以在辅助存储器上被加密和/或压缩。 在与辅助存储器的中断连接的情况下，例如由于计算机电源关闭，休眠，从计算机中移除存储器等，可以使用认证指示符来验证缓存数据的精度。

公开(公告)号：US20120246436A1

公开(公告)日：2012-09-27

申请号：US13052562

申请日：2011-03-21

申请人： Landy Wang ,  Mehmet Iyigun ,  Yevgeniy Bak ,  Vijay Sundaram ,  Pavlo L. Lebedynskiy

发明人： Landy Wang ,  Mehmet Iyigun ,  Yevgeniy Bak ,  Vijay Sundaram ,  Pavlo L. Lebedynskiy

IPC分类号： G06F12/02

CPC分类号： G06F9/5016 ,  G06F12/109

摘要： In a device having a memory accessed as multiple pages, two or more pages of the multiple pages having identical content are identified. While the two or more pages are being identified, other processes running in the device are allowed to use the two or more pages, including being allowed to change cache attributes of each of the two or more pages. The two or more pages are combined into a single combined page (e.g., a newly allocated page of the multiple pages), and a process page record having multiple entries pointing to the multiple pages is updated so that entries that previously pointed to one of the two or more pages instead point to the single page.

摘要翻译： 在具有作为多页访问的存储器的设备中，识别具有相同内容的多页的两页或多页。 当正在识别两个或多个页面时，允许在设备中运行的其他进程使用两个或多个页面，包括被允许改变两个或更多个页面中的每一个的高速缓存属性。 将两个或多个页面组合成单个组合页面（例如，多页面中新分配的页面），并且更新具有指向多个页面的多个条目的处理页面记录，使得先前指向 两个或多个页面指向单个页面。

公开(公告)号：US20120173824A1

公开(公告)日：2012-07-05

申请号：US13365093

申请日：2012-02-02

申请人： Mehmet Iyigun ,  Yevgeniy Bak ,  Michael Fortin ,  David Fields ,  Cenk Ergan ,  Alexander Kirshenbaum

发明人： Mehmet Iyigun ,  Yevgeniy Bak ,  Michael Fortin ,  David Fields ,  Cenk Ergan ,  Alexander Kirshenbaum

IPC分类号： G06F12/08

CPC分类号： G06F12/0866 ,  G06F12/0804 ,  G06F12/0862 ,  G06F12/0871 ,  G06F12/14 ,  G06F2212/1016 ,  G06F2212/1032 ,  G06F2212/1052 ,  G06F2212/2022 ,  G06F2212/222 ,  G06F2212/466

摘要： Embodiments of the invention provide techniques for managing cache metadata providing a mapping between addresses on a storage medium (e.g., disk storage) and corresponding addresses on a cache device at which data items are stored. In some embodiments, cache metadata may be stored in a hierarchical data structure comprising a plurality of hierarchy levels. When a reboot of the computer is initiated, only a subset of the plurality of hierarchy levels may be loaded to memory, thereby expediting the process of restoring the cache metadata and thus startup operations. Startup may be further expedited by using cache metadata to perform operations associated with reboot.

摘要翻译： 本发明的实施例提供了用于管理提供存储介质（例如，磁盘存储）上的地址与存储数据项的高速缓存设备上的相应地址之间的映射的高速缓存元数据的技术。 在一些实施例中，高速缓存元数据可以存储在包括多个层次级别的分层数据结构中。 当启动计算机的重新启动时，只有多个层次级别的子集可以被加载到存储器，从而加速恢复高速缓存元数据以及因此启动操作的过程。 通过使用缓存元数据来执行与重新启动相关的操作，可以进一步加快启动。

公开(公告)号：US20120144178A1

公开(公告)日：2012-06-07

申请号：US12961275

申请日：2010-12-06

申请人： Mehmet Iyigun ,  Yevgeniy Bak ,  Emily N. Wilson ,  Kirsten V. Stark ,  Sushu Zhang ,  Patrick L. Stemen ,  Brian E. King ,  Vasilios Karagounis ,  Neel Jain

发明人： Mehmet Iyigun ,  Yevgeniy Bak ,  Emily N. Wilson ,  Kirsten V. Stark ,  Sushu Zhang ,  Patrick L. Stemen ,  Brian E. King ,  Vasilios Karagounis ,  Neel Jain

IPC分类号： G06F15/177 ,  G06F1/32

CPC分类号： G06F9/4418 ,  G06F9/4406 ,  G06F9/4411

摘要： Fast computer startup is provided by, upon receipt of a shutdown command, recording state information representing a target state. In this target state, the computing device may have closed all user sessions, such that no user state information is included in the target state. However, the operating system may still be executing. In response to a command to startup the computer, this target state may be quickly reestablished from the recorded target state information. Portions of a startup sequence may be performed to complete the startup process, including establishing user state. To protect user expectations despite changes in response to a shutdown command, creation and use of the file holding the recorded state information may be conditional on dynamically determined events. Also, user and programmatic interfaces may provide options to override creation or use of the recorded state information.

公开(公告)号：US07895242B2

公开(公告)日：2011-02-22

申请号：US11933364

申请日：2007-10-31

申请人： Cenk Ergan ,  Mehmet Iyigun ,  Yevgeniy Bak ,  Benjamin A Mickle ,  Alexander Kirshenbaum ,  Landy Wang

发明人： Cenk Ergan ,  Mehmet Iyigun ,  Yevgeniy Bak ,  Benjamin A Mickle ,  Alexander Kirshenbaum ,  Landy Wang

IPC分类号： G06F7/00 ,  G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F12/0802 ,  G06F3/0608 ,  G06F12/08 ,  G06F2212/1044 ,  G06F2212/401

摘要： In accordance with one or more aspects, compressed storage management in a system includes determining which of multiple data units stored in an uncompressed portion of the storage resource are to be compressed and stored in a compressed portion of the storage resource. The management can further include returning one or more regions of the compressed portion for use in the uncompressed portion in response to storage resource pressure in the system, as well as compacting regions in the compressed portion to fill empty gaps in the compressed portion.

摘要翻译： 根据一个或多个方面，系统中的压缩存储管理包括确定存储在存储资源的未压缩部分中的多个数据单元中的哪个数据单元将被压缩并存储在存储资源的压缩部分中。 管理还可以包括响应于系统中的存储资源压力而返回压缩部分中用于未压缩部分的一个或多个区域，以及压缩压缩部分中的区域以填充压缩部分中的空隙。

公开(公告)号：US20100070747A1

公开(公告)日：2010-03-18

申请号：US12271400

申请日：2008-11-14

申请人： Mehmet Iyigun ,  Yevgeniy Bak ,  Michael Fortin ,  David Fields ,  Cenk Ergan ,  Alexander Kirshenbaum

发明人： Mehmet Iyigun ,  Yevgeniy Bak ,  Michael Fortin ,  David Fields ,  Cenk Ergan ,  Alexander Kirshenbaum

IPC分类号： G06F17/30 ,  G06F9/00

CPC分类号： G06F12/0866 ,  G06F12/0804 ,  G06F12/0862 ,  G06F12/0871 ,  G06F12/14 ,  G06F2212/1016 ,  G06F2212/1032 ,  G06F2212/1052 ,  G06F2212/2022 ,  G06F2212/222 ,  G06F2212/466

摘要： Embodiments of the invention provide techniques for managing cache metadata providing a mapping between addresses on a storage medium (e.g., disk storage) and corresponding addresses on a cache device at data items are stored. In some embodiments, cache metadata may be stored in a hierarchical data structure comprising a plurality of hierarchy levels. Only a subset of the plurality of hierarchy levels may be loaded to memory, thereby reducing the memory “footprint” of cache metadata and expediting the process of restoring the cache metadata during startup operations. Startup may be further expedited by using cache metadata to perform operations associated with reboot. Thereafter, as requests to read data items on the storage medium are processed using cache metadata to identify addresses at which the data items are stored in cache, the identified addresses may be stored in memory. When the computer is later shut down, instead of having to transfer the entirety of the cache metadata from memory to storage, only the subset of the plurality of hierarchy levels and/or the identified addresses previously loaded to memory may be transferred (e.g., to the cache device), thereby expediting the shutdown of the computer.

摘要翻译： 本发明的实施例提供了用于管理提供存储介质（例如，磁盘存储）上的地址之间的映射以及数据项上的高速缓存设备上的相应地址的缓存元数据的技术。 在一些实施例中，高速缓存元数据可以存储在包括多个层次级别的分层数据结构中。 可以仅将多个层次级别的子集加载到存储器，从而减少高速缓存元数据的存储器“占用空间”，并且加快在启动操作期间恢复高速缓存元数据的过程。 通过使用缓存元数据来执行与重新启动相关的操作，可以进一步加快启动。 此后，当使用高速缓存元数据来处理读取存储介质上的数据项的请求时，识别数据项被存储在高速缓存中的地址，所识别的地址可被存储在存储器中。 当计算机稍后关闭时，不是必须将整个高速缓存元数据从存储器传送到存储器，所以只有先前加载到存储器的多个层次级别和/或已识别的地址的子集可以被传送（例如， 缓存设备），从而加速计算机的关闭。

公开(公告)号：US20090150611A1

公开(公告)日：2009-06-11

申请号：US11953312

申请日：2007-12-10

申请人： Michel Fortin ,  Cenk Ergan ,  Mehmet Iyigun ,  Yevgeniy Bak ,  Ben Mickle ,  Aaron Dietrich ,  Alexander Kirshenbaum

发明人： Michel Fortin ,  Cenk Ergan ,  Mehmet Iyigun ,  Yevgeniy Bak ,  Ben Mickle ,  Aaron Dietrich ,  Alexander Kirshenbaum

IPC分类号： G06F12/08 ,  G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G06F12/1408 ,  G06F12/0815 ,  G06F12/0893 ,  G06F12/1009 ,  G06F12/109

摘要： A method and apparatus for managing the caching of data on an auxiliary memory of a computer. Pages of data may be cached on an auxiliary memory, such as a flash memory, at a virtual level using an identifier that does not involve a physical address of the pages on a memory. Pages may be cached on auxiliary memory that may be removable from the computer, e.g., by unplugging the memory from the computer. Page data may be encrypted and/or compressed on the auxiliary memory. An authentication indicator may be used to verify the accuracy of cached data in the case of an interrupted connection to the auxiliary memory, e.g., as a result of computer power down, hibernation, removal of the memory from the computer, etc.

摘要翻译： 一种用于管理计算机辅助存储器上的数据缓存的方法和装置。 可以使用不涉及存储器上的页面的物理地址的标识符将数据页面缓存在诸如闪存之类的辅助存储器上。 可以将页面缓存在辅助存储器上，这可以从计算机移除，例如通过从计算机拔出存储器。 页面数据可以在辅助存储器上被加密和/或压缩。 在与辅助存储器的中断连接的情况下，例如由于计算机电源关闭，休眠，从计算机中移除存储器等，可以使用认证指示符来验证缓存数据的精度。

公开(公告)号：US09015441B2

公开(公告)日：2015-04-21

申请号：US12770937

申请日：2010-04-30

申请人： Bruce L. Worthington ,  Vishal Sharda ,  Qi Zhang ,  Mehmet Iyigun ,  Yevgeniy Bak

发明人： Bruce L. Worthington ,  Vishal Sharda ,  Qi Zhang ,  Mehmet Iyigun ,  Yevgeniy Bak

IPC分类号： G06F12/00 ,  G06F13/00 ,  G06F13/28 ,  G06F9/26 ,  G06F9/34 ,  G06F3/06 ,  G06F12/10 ,  G06F1/32 ,  G06F11/34

CPC分类号： G06F3/0625 ,  G06F1/3225 ,  G06F1/3268 ,  G06F1/3275 ,  G06F3/0647 ,  G06F3/0688 ,  G06F11/3471 ,  G06F12/1009 ,  G06F2201/88 ,  Y02D10/13 ,  Y02D10/14 ,  Y02D10/154 ,  Y02D10/34

摘要： A memory scanning system may scan memory objects to determine usage frequency by scanning each memory object using a mapping of the processes stored in memory. The scanning may be performed multiple times to generate a usage history for each page or unit of memory. In some cases, scanning may be performed at different frequencies to determine multiple classifications of usage. The mapping may create a detailed topology of memory usage, including multiple classifications of access frequency, as well as several other classifications. Based on the topology, the objects in memory may be copied to another storage medium or optimized for performance or power consumption.

摘要翻译： 存储器扫描系统可以通过使用存储在存储器中的处理的映射扫描每个存储器对象来扫描存储器对象来确定使用频率。 可以多次执行扫描以产生每个页面或存储器单元的使用历史。 在某些情况下，可以以不同的频率执行扫描以确定多种使用分类。 该映射可以创建存储器使用的详细拓扑，包括访问频率的多个分类以及其他几个分类。 基于拓扑，内存中的对象可能被复制到另一个存储介质中，或者针对性能或功耗进行了优化。