公开(公告)号：US20070204636A1

公开(公告)日：2007-09-06

申请号：US11744339

申请日：2007-05-04

Applicant: Julio Concha ,  Yu Chen ,  Young Park ,  Tobias Sienel

Inventor： Julio Concha ,  Yu Chen ,  Young Park ,  Tobias Sienel

IPC: F25B47/02

CPC classification number: F25B30/02 ,  F25B47/022 ,  F25B2339/047 ,  F25B2400/0403 ,  F25B2500/18 ,  F25B2500/19 ,  F25B2700/133 ,  F25B2700/2106 ,  F25B2700/21151

Abstract: A heat pump, and in particular a heat pump for heating a hot water supply is provided with an improved defrost mode. The defrost mode is actuated to remove frost from an outdoor evaporator that may accumulate during cold weather operation. An algorithm for operation of the defrost mode is developed experimentally by seeking to maximize the heat transfer provided by the refrigerant. A heating system condition is experimentally related to the heat transfer capacity. One then maximizes the average heat transfer capacity to determine the optimum initiation point for the defrost mode. Further, protections are included into the defrost mode. When the heat pump is utilized to heat hot water, methods are provided to prevent the water that remains in the heat exchanger from becoming unduly heated. In one method, the water pump may be periodically operated to move the water. In a second method, a control ensures the discharge pressure of the refrigerant leaving the compressor is reduced, and that the water pump is not stopped until that reduced temperature falls below a predetermined maximum. The temperature reduction is achieved through a dual control loop wherein a temperature that is too high results in a new desired discharge pressure. The control achieves the new desired pressure by controlling the expansion device. In another protection feature, as a control determines that the defrost mode is nearing its end, an evaporator fan is run to remove melted water from the evaporator coils, and also to ensure the refrigerant leaving the evaporator does not reach unduly high pressure or temperatures.

Abstract translation: 具有改进的除霜模式的热泵，特别是用于加热热水源的热泵。 启动除霜模式以从室外蒸发器中除霜，这可能会在寒冷天气下运行时积聚。 通过试图使制冷剂提供的热传递最大化，实验地开发了除霜模式的操作算法。 加热系统条件实验上与传热能力有关。 然后将平均传热能力最大化，以确定除霜模式的最佳起始点。 此外，保护被包括在除霜模式中。 当使用热泵来加热热水时，提供了防止热交换器中残留的水变得过度加热的方法。 在一种方法中，水泵可以周期性地操作以移动水。 在第二种方法中，控制器确保离开压缩机的制冷剂的排放压力降低，并且水泵不停止，直到降低的温度降到预定的最大值以下。 通过双重控制回路实现温度降低，其中太高的温度导致新的期望排出压力。 该控制通过控制膨胀装置实现新的期望压力。 在另一个保护特征中，当控制器确定除霜模式接近其结束时，运行蒸发器风扇以从蒸发器盘管去除熔化的水，并且还确保离开蒸发器的制冷剂不会达到过高的压力或温度。

公开(公告)号：US07225629B2

公开(公告)日：2007-06-05

申请号：US10760668

申请日：2004-01-20

Applicant: Julio Concha ,  Tobias Sienel ,  Bryan A. Eisenhower

Inventor： Julio Concha ,  Tobias Sienel ,  Bryan A. Eisenhower

IPC: F25D17/00 ,  F25B39/04 ,  F25B27/00

CPC classification number: F25B9/008 ,  F24D19/1054 ,  F25B2309/061 ,  F25B2339/047 ,  F25B2700/21161

Abstract: An energy-efficient heat pump water heating system determines whether to energize a heat pump by interpreting readings from one or temperature sensors based on two thresholds. The heat pump is energized if the detected temperature falls below a first threshold and de-energized when the detected temperature rises above a second threshold. The thresholds may correspond to outputs of two or more sensors. Using multiple temperature thresholds improves the temperature sensing capabilities of the system, thereby improving energy efficiency by matching heat pump operation with hot water demand more closely than previously known systems.

Abstract translation: 节能型热泵水加热系统通过基于两个阈值解读来自一个或温度传感器的读数来确定是否对热泵通电。 如果检测到的温度低于第一阈值，则热泵被激活，并且当检测到的温度升高到高于第二阈值时，热泵被断电。 阈值可以对应于两个或更多个传感器的输出。 使用多个温度阈值提高了系统的温度感测能力，从而通过将热泵操作与热水需求相匹配来提高能源效率，比以前已知的系统更为紧密。

公开(公告)号：US20060090500A1

公开(公告)日：2006-05-04

申请号：US11313708

申请日：2005-12-21

Applicant: Tobias Sienel ,  Yu Chen

Inventor： Tobias Sienel ,  Yu Chen

IPC: F25B43/00

CPC classification number: F25B9/008 ,  F25B43/006 ,  F25B45/00 ,  F25B2309/061 ,  F25B2500/01 ,  Y10T29/49394

Abstract: An accumulator acts as a buffer to prevent over-pressurization of the vapor compression system while inactive. By determining the maximum storage temperature and the maximum storage pressure a system will be subject to when inactive, a density of the refrigerant for the overall system can be calculated. Dividing the density by the mass of the refrigerant determines an optimal overall system volume. The volume of the components is subtracted from the overall system volume to calculate the optimal accumulator volume. The optimal accumulator volume is used to size the accumulator so that the accumulator has enough volume to prevent over-pressurization of the system when inactive.

公开(公告)号：US07028494B2

公开(公告)日：2006-04-18

申请号：US10646253

申请日：2003-08-22

Applicant: Nicolas Pondicq-Cassou ,  Jean-Philippe Goux ,  Yu Chen ,  Julio Concha ,  Tobias Sienel ,  Sylvain Douzet

Inventor： Nicolas Pondicq-Cassou ,  Jean-Philippe Goux ,  Yu Chen ,  Julio Concha ,  Tobias Sienel ,  Sylvain Douzet

IPC: F25D21/06 ,  F25B41/00 ,  F25B49/00

CPC classification number: F25B9/008 ,  F25B47/022 ,  F25B2309/061 ,  F25B2339/047 ,  F25B2400/0403 ,  F25B2700/11

Abstract: Refrigerant is circulated through a vapor compression system including a compressor, a gas cooler, an expansion device, and an evaporator. When a sensor detects that frozen water droplets form on the evaporator, a valve positioned between the discharge of the compression and inlet of expansion device is opened. Refrigerant from the discharge of the compressor bypasses the gas cooler and enters the inlet of the expansion device. The high temperature refrigerant melts the frost on the evaporator. As the frost melts, the passage of the evaporator is opened to allow air to flow through the evaporator.

Abstract translation: 制冷剂通过包括压缩机，气体冷却器，膨胀装置和蒸发器的蒸汽压缩系统循环。 当传感器检测到在蒸发器上形成冷冻水滴时，打开位于膨胀装置的压缩和入口的排出口之间的阀。 来自压缩机排放的制冷剂绕过气体冷却器并进入膨胀装置的入口。 高温制冷剂使蒸发器上的霜冻。 当霜熔化时，蒸发器的通道打开以允许空气流过蒸发器。

公开(公告)号：US20050115705A1

公开(公告)日：2005-06-02

申请号：US10725732

申请日：2003-12-02

Applicant: Tobias Sienel ,  Nicolas Pondicq-Cassou

Inventor： Tobias Sienel ,  Nicolas Pondicq-Cassou

IPC: F25B30/02 ,  F25B47/00 ,  F28F17/00

CPC classification number: F25B47/006 ,  F25B30/02 ,  F25D17/02

Abstract: A heat pump system includes a liquid pump used to circulate liquid through the system to prevent freezing when the heat pump is off. In the system, the liquid is circulated in the reverse direction. The liquid used to prevent freezing comes from the hot section of the storage reservoir, such that the flow rate can be reduced while achieving the same amount of freeze protection. Also, as the hot liquid is circulated through the system at the low flow rate, it will become cold through heat transfer with the system as it prevents freezing and will be delivered to the cold section of the storage reservoir at a low temperature. As indicated above, the colder the temperature of the liquid supplied to the heat pump during operation, the more efficient the heat pump system will be. The present invention also prevents the cold liquid from lowering the temperature of the hot section of the storage reservoir during the freeze protection mode.

Abstract translation: 热泵系统包括用于使液体循环通过系统的液体泵，以防止在热泵关闭时冻结。 在该系统中，液体沿相反方向循环。 用于防止冷冻的液体来自储存容器的热部分，从而可以降低流量，同时实现相同量的防冻保护。 另外，由于热液体以低流速循环通过系统，所以随着系统的热传递，它将变冷，因为它防止冻结并且将在低温下被输送到储存容器的冷部。 如上所述，在运行期间供应给热泵的液体的温度越冷，热泵系统的效率越高。 本发明还防止冷冻液在冻结保护模式期间降低储存容器的热部分的温度。

公开(公告)号：US06813895B2

公开(公告)日：2004-11-09

申请号：US10655970

申请日：2003-09-05

Applicant: Bryan Eisenhower ,  Christopher G. Park ,  Pengju Kang ,  Alan Finn ,  Tobias Sienel

Inventor： Bryan Eisenhower ,  Christopher G. Park ,  Pengju Kang ,  Alan Finn ,  Tobias Sienel

IPC: F25B4900

CPC classification number: G05D16/2066 ,  C08F2/46 ,  C09J4/00 ,  F25B9/008 ,  F25B49/02 ,  F25B2309/061 ,  F25B2600/17

Abstract: A vapor compression system includes a compressor, a gas cooler, an expansion device, and an evaporator. Refrigerant is circulated through the closed circuit cycle. Preferably, carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant. Adaptive control is employed to optimize the coefficient of performance of the vapor compression system. As the system changes over time, a model that operates the system is modified. The model is determined by an adaptive control algorithm including variable coefficients. As the model changes, the variables of the adaptive control algorithm change. A control of the gas cooler is then adjusted to regulate the high pressure of the system, and therefore the coefficient of performance. In a first example, Least Mean Squares (LMS) is used to modify the variables of the adaptive control algorithm to optimize the coefficient of performance. In a second example, the coefficient of performance is optimized by a slowly varying periodic excitation method. A third example employs triangularization to find the optimal coefficient of performance.

Abstract translation: 蒸汽压缩系统包括压缩机，气体冷却器，膨胀装置和蒸发器。 制冷剂循环通过闭路循环。 优选使用二氧化碳作为制冷剂。 采用自适应控制来优化蒸气压缩系统的性能系数。 随着系统随时间的变化，操作系统的模型被修改。 该模型由包括可变系数的自适应控制算法确定。 随着模型的变化，自适应控制算法的变量发生变化。 然后调节气体冷却器的控制，以调节系统的高压，从而调节系统的性能。 在第一个例子中，最小均方（LMS）用于修改自适应控制算法的变量，以优化性能系数。 在第二个例子中，通过缓慢变化的周期激励方法来优化性能系数。 第三个例子使用三角化来找到最佳性能系数。

公开(公告)号：US07310960B2

公开(公告)日：2007-12-25

申请号：US11068413

申请日：2005-02-28

Applicant: Tobias Sienel ,  Lili Zhang ,  Nicolas Pondicq-Cassou

Inventor： Tobias Sienel ,  Lili Zhang ,  Nicolas Pondicq-Cassou

IPC: F25B27/00

CPC classification number: F24D19/088 ,  F25B2339/047

Abstract: A water heater is provided by a refrigerant cycle, in which the gas cooler is utilized to heat the water. A drain is incorporated into a water circuit for draining all of the water outwardly of the circuit when the system is shut down. In a preferred embodiment, a water outlet of the gas cooler is at the vertically lowermost portion of the water circuit. A drain valve is placed in this vertically lowermost location such that the water can be easily drained.

Abstract translation: 通过制冷剂循环来提供热水器，其中使用气体冷却器来加热水。 当系统关闭时，排水管被并入到水回路中，用于将所有水排出电路。 在优选实施例中，气体冷却器的出水口位于水回路的垂直最下部。 排水阀被放置在该垂直最低位置，使得水容易排出。

公开(公告)号：US20060071090A1

公开(公告)日：2006-04-06

申请号：US10943517

申请日：2004-09-17

Applicant: Bryan Eisenhower ,  Tobias Sienel ,  Nicolas Pondicq-Cassou

Inventor： Bryan Eisenhower ,  Tobias Sienel ,  Nicolas Pondicq-Cassou

IPC: B60H1/00

CPC classification number: F24D17/0073 ,  Y10T137/6307

Abstract: A method of sanitizing pipes, etc. in a hot water supply system includes the steps of normally heating water by driving water from a water storage tank, into a heat exchanger. Typically, a water pump is stopped once the water storage tank receives a particular percentage of hot water. However, when a sanitation mode is desired, the pump is not stopped, such that the water tank becomes all, or almost all, hot water. The hot water is then delivered to the pump, and from the pump to the heat exchanger. This hot water is thus operable to sanitize pipes and the pump.

Abstract translation: 在热水供应系统中消毒管道等的方法包括通过将水从储水箱驱动进入热交换器来正常加热水的步骤。 通常，一旦储水罐接收到特定百分比的热水，则停止水泵。 然而，当需要卫生模式时，泵不停止，使得水箱变成全部或几乎全部的热水。 然后将热水输送到泵，并从泵输送到热交换器。 因此，该热水可操作以消毒管道和泵。

公开(公告)号：US20060010904A1

公开(公告)日：2006-01-19

申请号：US10889701

申请日：2004-07-13

Applicant: Jeffrey Nieter ,  Tobias Sienel ,  William Rioux

Inventor： Jeffrey Nieter ,  Tobias Sienel ,  William Rioux

IPC: F25B43/02 ,  F25B31/00

CPC classification number: F25B9/008 ,  F04B39/066 ,  F04B39/16 ,  F25B31/006 ,  F25B43/02 ,  F25B2309/061

Abstract: A transcritical vapor compression system includes a compressor assembly that includes an oil separator for separating oil from refrigerant. The oil separator is disposed between a motor and a compression chamber in a sub-critical portion of the vapor compression system. Oil emitted from the drive assembly attached to the motor is substantially removed from the refrigerant before entering the compression chamber of the compressor.

Abstract translation: 一种跨临界蒸汽压缩系统包括一个压缩机组件，该压缩机组件包括用于将油与制冷剂分离的油分离器。 油分离器设置在蒸汽压缩系统的次临界部分中的电动机和压缩室之间。 在进入压缩机的压缩室之前，从附接到马达的驱动组件排出的油基本上从制冷剂中除去。

公开(公告)号：US20050193753A1

公开(公告)日：2005-09-08

申请号：US10793489

申请日：2004-03-04

Applicant: Julio Concha ,  Tobias Sienel ,  Bryan Eisenhower ,  Yu Chen

Inventor： Julio Concha ,  Tobias Sienel ,  Bryan Eisenhower ,  Yu Chen

IPC: F25B9/00 ,  F25B41/00 ,  F25B41/04 ,  F25B41/06

CPC classification number: F25B9/008 ,  F25B41/062 ,  F25B2309/061 ,  F25B2339/047 ,  F25B2600/17 ,  F25B2600/2513 ,  F25B2700/1931 ,  F25B2700/2106 ,  F25B2700/21161

Abstract: A refrigerant cycle is provided with a control for an expansion device to achieve a desired compressor discharge pressure. The system operates transcritically, such that greater freedom over compressor discharge pressure is provided. The system's efficiency is optimized by selecting an optimum discharge pressure. The optimum discharge pressure is selected based upon sensed environmental conditions, and the expansion device is adjusted to achieve the desired compressor discharge pressure. A feedback loop may be provided to sense the actual compressor discharge pressure and adjust the actual compressor discharge pressure by further refining the expansion device. The system is disclosed providing heated water based upon a demand for a particular hot water temperature. Further, the optimum discharge pressures may be determined experimentally, with an offset added to the experimentally determined value to ensure that the actual pressure is higher than the desired, or optimum pressure for the particular refrigerant cycle. In one embodiment, a formula is utilized to determine the optimum discharge pressure.

Abstract translation: 制冷循环具有用于膨胀装置的控制以实现期望的压缩机排出压力。 该系统跨运行，从而提供了比压缩机排放压力更大的自由度。 通过选择最佳排放压力来优化系统的效率。 基于感测到的环境条件选择最佳排出压力，并且调节膨胀装置以实现期望的压缩机排出压力。 可以提供反馈回路以感测实际的压缩机排放压力，并通过进一步细化膨胀装置来调节实际的压缩机排放压力。 公开了该系统基于对特定热水温度的需求来提供加热的水。 此外，可以通过实验确定最佳排出压力，并将偏移量加到实验确定值上，以确保实际压力高于特定制冷剂循环的期望压力或最佳压力。 在一个实施例中，使用公式来确定最佳排出压力。