Abstract:
An engine includes a crank chamber in which pressure fluctuation occurs and a carburetor including a diaphragm fuel pump. The diaphragm fuel pump includes a pump chamber configured to suck in and eject fuel and a diaphragm chamber to which a pressure that drives the pump chamber is supplied. The diaphragm chamber and the crank chamber communicate with one another in a state in which a negative pressure is created in the crank chamber.
Abstract:
A lubrication apparatus for a four-stroke engine that prevents lubrication failure from occurring around the crankshaft and reliably prevents oil from remaining in a valve operating chamber includes: an intake part positioned below the level of an oil A in an oil reservoir even if the oil reservoir is tilted and the level of the oil A changes; an oil feeding passageway that sucks up the oil A from the intake part and supplies the oil A to the crank chamber; and an direct passageway that allows communication between a valve operating chamber and a crank chamber when a negative pressure is created in the crank chamber. Open end parts of the oil feeding passageway and the direct passageway which are open in the crank chamber are provided to open as the piston moves from a position near the top dead center to the top dead center.
Abstract:
When a p-layer 4 composed of GaN is maintained at ordinary temperature and TNO is sputtered thereon by an RF magnetron sputtering method, a laminated TNO layer 5 is in an amorphous state. Then, there is included a step of thermally treating the amorphous TNO layer in a reduced-pressure atmosphere where hydrogen gas is substantially absent to thereby crystallize the TNO layer. At the sputtering, an inert gas is passed through together with oxygen gas, and volume % of the oxygen gas contained in the gas passed through is 0.10 to 0.15%. In this regard, oxygen partial pressure is 5×10−3 Pa or lower. The temperature of the thermal treatment is 500° C. for about 1 hour.
Abstract:
A load drive (1) having a pulse converter (2) and a DC/DC converter (5). The pulse converter (2) is capable of converting a high DC voltage supplied from the power supply unit (10) of a vehicle to a pulse voltage and applies the pulse voltage to a first lamp (L1). The DC/DC converter (5) operates to convert the high DC voltage to a low DC voltage whose voltage value is lower than the voltage value of the high DC voltage and applies the low DC voltage to a second lamp (L2).
Abstract translation:具有脉冲转换器(2)和DC / DC转换器(5)的负载驱动器(1)。 脉冲转换器(2)能够将从车辆的电源单元(10)提供的高直流电压转换为脉冲电压,并将脉冲电压施加到第一灯(L 1)。 DC / DC转换器(5)用于将高直流电压转换成电压值低于高直流电压的电压值的低直流电压,并将低直流电压施加到第二灯(L 2)。
Abstract:
When an ignition switch is off, even if a master CPU (20a) receives a predetermined command signal, the master CPU (20a) does not immediately transmit an activating signal to slave CPUs (20b). At this time, power necessary for an electronic control unit (8c) is being supplied from a standby-current supplying converter (10). The master CPU (20a) transmits an activating request signal to a controller (12) to activate a normal supplying converter (9). The controller (12), after activating the normal supplying converter (9), transmits an activating completion signal to the master CPU (20a). For the first time upon receipt of this activating completion signal, the master CPU (20a) transmits the activating signal to the slave CPUs (20b). Consequently, power is supplied from the normal supplying converter (9) to all the electronic control units (8c to 8f).
Abstract:
A load driving apparatus is constituted with a high voltage power source, a low voltage power source, a first switching element, a second switching element, a lamp load, current detecting section, and PWM control section. The first switching element is connected to the high voltage power source which supplies a high voltage and is connected to the lamp load. The second switching element is connected to the low voltage power source which supplies a low voltage and is connected to the lamp load. The current detecting section detects a value of current flowing in the lamp load. The PWM control section is connected the first switching element, the second switching element, and the current detecting section to control a voltage to be supplied to the lamp load. The PWM control section turns the second switching element in ON state at first, and the low voltage is being supplied to the lamp load while the value of the current detected in the current detecting section is more than a predetermined value. Once the value of current detected by the current detected section becomes below the predetermined value, the PWM control section turns the second switching element in OFF state and drives the first switching element to supply the high voltage converted to a pulse voltage to the lamp load.
Abstract:
A load driving apparatus is provided with a power source (1) applying a power supply voltage, a load circuit (8), a relay circuit (4) electrically connecting the power source (1) to the load circuit (8), a first switching device (2) driving the relay circuit (4), a second switching device (3) having one end connected to the power source (1) and another end connected to the load circuit (8), and supplying the power supply voltage to the load circuit (8), and a control unit (7) outputting a control signal to the second switching device (3) so as to supply the power supply voltage to the load circuit (8) and thereafter outputting a control signal to the first switching device (2) so as to electrically connect the relay circuit (4) to the power source (1), thereby starting driving the load circuit (8).
Abstract:
A laminate polyester film to be laminated onto metal plate and molded comprises the first layer made from copoly(ethylene-terephthalate/isophthalate) having a melting point of 205 to 250.degree. C. and a second layer made from a polyester (i) comprising ester units of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid component, an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component and aliphatic diol components, (ii) containing a titanium compound soluble in the polyester in an amount of 30 to 200 ppm in terms of elemental titanium and (iii) having one or two melting point(s) in the range of 170 to 245.degree. C., and has the maximum peak temperature of loss elastic modulus of higher than 47.degree. C. and 85.degree. C. or lower. This laminate polyester film is suitably used for application such as metal cans for juice and other refreshing drinks that are handled in a cooled state.
Abstract:
A four-stroke engine is provided to lubricate driving parts including a crankshaft and valve operating members while circulating oil, using pressure fluctuation in a crank chamber, the pressure fluctuation being caused by reciprocating motion of a piston. A cam driving parts move with rotation of the crankshaft; a driving chamber and a rocker chamber are connected to one another; the rocker chamber is connected to the crank chamber and a gas-liquid separator; the oil accumulated in a tank is sucked up into the crank chamber and circulated through each part of the four-stroke engine; the crank chamber and the driving chamber are connected to one another via a communicating passage and a return passage; and the crank chamber and the driving chamber connected to one another via the return passage communicate with one another only when the piston is located in a vicinity of the top dead center.