摘要:
1,124,446. Evaporators for the desalination of sea water. UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION. 12 Sept., 1966 [22 Sept., 1965], No. 40542/66. Heading BIB. Sea water is pumped into a manifold 18 at the base of housing 10 which contains vertical cylindrical chambers 12 each surrounding a vertical heat-conductive tube 16. The sea water rises up tubes 16 to heaters 22 and then weirs over the upper rim of each tube and flows in film-form down the wall 17 of the surrounding chamber 12. Water-vapour is evolved from the films of sea water; and the vapour condenses on the outer surfaces of the tubes 16, thereby preheating the sea water rising within them. The condensate (distilled water) runs down the outer surfaces of tubes 16, which are fluted, and collects in manifold 26. Residual brine collects in manifold 20. There is a spacing of about ¢" between wall 17 and tube 16. Helical vanes 28 'hold the films of sea water against walls 17, but a thin layer of wire or plastic mesh may also be used for this purpose. The housing 10 may be made of concrete, plastic or metal. Another evaporator is described in which a preheater/condenser conduit of rectangular configuration is disposed between two vertical wire screens for guiding the downflowing films of liquid. It is stated that a plurality of evaporators may be vertically stacked, and operated so that the brine withdrawn from an upper evaporator is used as heating-medium in the heater of the next lower evaporator.