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公开(公告)号：US3924950A
公开(公告)日：1975-12-09
申请号：US50626774
申请日：1974-09-16
Applicant: PERKIN ELMER CORP
Inventor： SIEGLER JR E HORACE
CPC classification number: G01N21/3103
Abstract: An atomic absorption spectrometer which combines the advantages of double beam background correction, continuous source lamp operation, insensitivity to sample region emission, and inexpensive construction, includes a fixed beam splittercombiner, combines radiation from a line source with that from a deuterium or hydrogen source and simultaneously splits the combined radiation into sample and reference beams. These beams are chopped ahead of the sample region and are recombined beyond the sample region by a second beam splitter-combiner. The recombined beam then goes through a monochromator and onto a detector. The resulting signal is analyzed electronically to yield background and spectral line intensities in both the sample and reference beams.
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公开(公告)号：US3909736A
公开(公告)日：1975-09-30
申请号：US44297674
申请日：1974-02-14
Applicant: PERKIN ELMER CORP
Inventor： HUCHITAL DAVID A , STEINBERG GEORGE N
Abstract: An electrodeless RF excited gas arc lamp for producing sufficient light to pump a laser consists of a transparent envelope containing an inert gas, namely krypton, xenon or argon, with a coil around or adjacent the envelope and a source of RF voltage to apply sufficient voltage to the coil to maintain a plasma in the gas. For pumping a laser rod the lamp is mounted adjacent to the laser rod and is preferably cooled, as by mounting the lamp envelope and laser rod in a cooled chamber. A reflector is arranged to direct back toward the rod that light from the lamp which is not initially absorbed in the rod, and a filter may be mounted to filter out at least a portion of any unwanted components of light from the lamp (e.g., the ultraviolet component) before it impinges on the laser rod. In a preferred form, the lamp envelope is an annular chamber with a laser rod mounted through the annulus.
Abstract translation: 用于产生足够的光以泵送激光器的无电极RF激发气体弧光灯由包含惰性气体（即氪，氙或氩）的透明外壳组成，其中围绕或邻近封套的线圈和RF电压源施加足够的电压 到线圈以维持气体中的等离子体。 为了泵送激光棒，灯被安装在激光棒附近，并且优选地通过将灯泡和激光棒安装在冷却的室中来冷却。 反射器被布置成朝向杆的方向引导来自灯的光，其不是最初被吸收在杆中，并且可以安装滤光器以滤出来自灯的任何不想要的光分量的至少一部分（例如， 紫外线成分），然后撞击在激光棒上。 在一个优选的形式中，灯壳是环形室，其中安装有穿过环形空间的激光棒。
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公开(公告)号：US3822941A
公开(公告)日：1974-07-09
申请号：US18315071
申请日：1971-09-23
Applicant: PERKIN ELMER CORP
CPC classification number: G01J3/06 , G01J3/0235 , G01J3/12 , G01J3/18 , G01J2003/1204 , G01J2003/1828
Abstract: A scanning monochromator includes a plurality of diffraction gratings mounted on a rotatable turret, so that each grating may be moved and precisely indexed into operative position. Each grating so positioned is angularly rotated about its axis by the same scanning arm, driven by a cam having two similar (but different) contours for producing one of two similar scanning functions for the various gratings. Preferably more interchangeable order-separating filters than gratings are included to insure complete and efficient filtering (e.g., 14 filters for 7 gratings). Both the stepping of the grating turret and of the filters (e.g., on a filter wheel) are controlled by (digital) signals, derived from the actual wavenumber being separated, as precisely read by (coarse and fine) digital encoder discs on the wavenumber scanning driving shafts (before and after a large-ratio reduction system). The digital control signals and a signal indicating the operative grating provide a readout of the wavenumber, directly usable by data processing apparatus. The closed loop digital nature of the control signals are free of any non-systematic errors, and allow the instrument to be ''''indexed'''' to any desired wavenumber (and then ''''instructed'''' to scan to any other wavenumber automatically).
Abstract translation: 扫描单色仪包括安装在可旋转转台上的多个衍射光栅，使得每个光栅可以移动并精确地分度到操作位置。 如此定位的每个光栅通过相同的扫描臂围绕其轴线成角度地旋转，由具有两个相似（但不同的）轮廓的凸轮驱动，用于产生用于各种光栅的两个类似的扫描功能之一。 优选地，包括比光栅更可互换的顺序分离滤光器以确保完全和有效的滤光（例如，用于7个光栅的14个滤光器）。 光栅转塔和滤光片的步进（例如，滤光轮）都由（数字）信号控制，由实际波数分离得出，由数字编码器光盘上的（粗和精）数位精确读取 扫描驱动轴（大减速系统前后）。 数字控制信号和指示操作光栅的信号提供可由数据处理装置直接使用的波数的读出。 控制信号的闭环数字性质没有任何非系统误差，并允许仪器“索引”到任何所需的波数（然后“指示”自动扫描到任何其他波数）。
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4.发明授权Method and apparatus for generating gases for atomic absorption spectrophotometers 失效用于原子吸收光谱仪产生气体的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US3801282A
公开(公告)日：1974-04-02
申请号：US3801282D
申请日：1972-02-22
Applicant: PERKIN ELMER CORP
Inventor： MANNING D , FERNANDEZ F
Abstract: A gas generation accessory for an atomic absorption spectrophotometer includes a reaction vessel for holding a sample and an acid. The sample includes an element from a group including arsenic and selenium. A dosing column is coupled to the reaction vessel and a gas-tight stopcock is mounted in the dosing column and includes a cavity for holding a metal such as zinc. The stopcock is rotatable for projecting the metal into the acid to cause a reaction to release hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas in turn reacts with the element in the sample to produce a gaseous hydride. The gaseous hydride is collected in an elastic reservoir and stored under pressure until the completion of the reaction. Thereupon the gaseous hydride in the elastic reservoir is carried into the atomic absorption spectrophotometer and the element appears in a substantial concentration for a relatively short time. This permits the resonance lines of the element to be recorded and the element detected.
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公开(公告)号：US3790819A
公开(公告)日：1974-02-05
申请号：US3790819D
申请日：1972-03-17
Applicant: PERKIN ELMER CORP
Inventor： CHAMRAN M
CPC classification number: G06G7/24
Abstract: An apparatus for increasing the stabilization of a logarithmic amplifier. In the embodiment disclosed, a first operational amplifier is provided to yield a logarithmic output. A semiconductor device for providing a first logarithmic transfer characteristic is connected to the first amplifier. In order to prevent variation in the amplifier output resulting from the varying parameters of the semi-conductor device, the second amplifier is provided with the semi-conductor device and connected differentially to the first amplifier. The semiconductor devices utilizes first and second PN junctions of semiconductor material mounted in intimate thermal coupling on a single header or alternatively utilizes a monolithic integrated circuit including a substrate of semiconductor material and means on the substrate for providing the logarithmic transfer characteristic for the first amplifier and means for the substrate for providing the logarithmic transfer characteristic for the second amplifier both deposited on the substrate in intimate thermal coupling with each other.
Abstract translation: 一种用于增加对数放大器的稳定性的装置。 在所公开的实施例中，提供第一运算放大器以产生对数输出。 用于提供第一对数传递特性的半导体器件连接到第一放大器。 为了防止由半导体器件的变化参数引起的放大器输出的变化，第二放大器设置有半导体器件并且差分地连接到第一放大器。 半导体器件利用在单个集管上安装在紧密热耦合中的半导体材料的第一和第二PN结，或者使用包括半导体材料的衬底的单体集成电路和用于提供对数传输特性的装置 第一放大器和用于提供第二放大器的对数传递特性的衬底的装置，其两者沉积在彼此紧密热耦合的衬底上。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US3771875A
公开(公告)日：1973-11-13
申请号：US3771875D
申请日：1971-11-15
Applicant: PERKIN ELMER CORP
Inventor： RUSSO J
IPC: G01B9/02
CPC classification number: G01B9/02081 , G01B2290/45 , G01B2290/70
Abstract: An interferometer for precisely measuring the displacement of an object of the type including means: for reflecting from the object position a ''''measuring'''' beam of a first polarization condition, for combining therewith a ''''standard'''' beam of a second polarization condition, and for producing signals representative of interference produced between both beams, which signals vary according to the distance travelled by the measuring beam. The improvement involves causing the final signals developed to be free of any d.c. component, caused both (a) by background (unpolarized and/or depolarized) radiation, and (b) by the average (d.c.) level of the significant polarized radiation which generates the object distance a.c. signals. The specific embodiment provides three original object distance varying signals (A, B, C) with the second in phase opposition and the third in quadrature to the first. The algebraic difference (X) of the first two (A-B) and the difference (Y) of the third less the average of the first two (C - A + B/2) will both be free of any d.c. component caused by either background or average signal amplitude. These (X and Y) derived final a.c. signals provide precise actual measurement (interference ''''fringe'''' count) since they are exactly symmetrical to the zero level.
Abstract translation: 一种用于精确测量类型物体的位移的干涉仪，包括：用于从物体位置反射第一偏振状态的“测量”光束，用于与第二极化状态的“标准”光束组合，并用于产生 表示在两个光束之间产生的干涉的信号，该信号根据测量光束行进的距离而变化。 改进之处在于使得开发的最终信号不受任何影响。 （a）通过背景（非偏振和/或去极化）辐射，和（b）通过产生物体距离a.c.的显着极化辐射的平均（d.c.）水平引起。 信号。 具体实施例提供具有第二同相相对的三个原始物体距离变化信号（A，B，C），并且第三与正交相反。 前两个（A-B）的代数差（X）和第三个（C-A + B / 2）的平均值的三分之一的差（Y）都不会有任何直流。 由背景或平均信号幅度引起的分量。 这些（X和Y）得出最终的a.c. 信号提供精确的实际测量（干涉“条纹”计数），因为它们与零电平完全对称。
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公开(公告)号：US3745483A
公开(公告)日：1973-07-10
申请号：US3745483D
申请日：1970-07-06
Applicant: PERKIN ELMER CORP
Inventor： HUCHITAL D , RIGDEN J
Abstract: In a laser comprising an enclosure and a pair of electrodes therein, a stream of inert gas is flowed out through the bore of a hollow negative electrode. An electric discharge is produced in the stream by means of a potential difference between the electrodes. Ions from the discharge are attracted into the negative electrode, bombarding it and causing electron emission. The emitted electrons excite ions in the discharge to the upper laser energy level. Laser action is achieved by providing a resonant optical cavity.
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公开(公告)号：US3700310A
公开(公告)日：1972-10-24
申请号：US3700310D
申请日：1971-09-10
Applicant: PERKIN ELMER CORP
Inventor： RAYCES JUAN L
IPC: G02B17/08
CPC classification number: G02B17/086 , G02B17/0808 , G02B17/0852 , G02B17/0884
Abstract: A highly corrected compact optical system which has a large telephoto ratio, and which is particularly adapted for a photographic objective, is provided by a catadioptric system consisting of a solid refractive support which has a portion of smaller diameter projecting from its forward end and internal reflecting surfaces on its opposite end. An annular convergent reflecting surface on the rear end of the support reflects incoming light back through the support to a circular divergent reflecting surface which is on the forward end of the forwardly projecting portion and which reflects the light back through the opening at the center of the annular reflecting surface where a series of lenses are suitably provided for increasing the focal length of the system and correcting for some aberrations. Light enters the system through an afocal doublet at the front of the system consisting of a positive lens in front of a negative lens with an air space between; this doublet has an axial aperture through it and is positioned at the front of the support, around the forwardly projecting portion. The positive lens and the support are both of the same material which has substantially the same dispersive power as the material of the negative lens but a much lower (about 17 percent lower) refractive index, so that apochromatism is achieved with rather shallow spherical surfaces, which avoid zonal spherical aberration and the need for aspheric surfaces.
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公开(公告)号：US3681600A
公开(公告)日：1972-08-01
申请号：US3681600D
申请日：1969-10-24
Applicant: PERKIN ELMER CORP
Inventor： RIGDEN JAMESON DANE , HUCHITAL DAVID A
CPC classification number: H01J49/488
Abstract: An electron spectrometer suitable for use in Electron Spectroscopy Chemical Analysis, or in Auger Electron Spectroscopy employs either an X-ray source or an electron beam source for exciting electrons from the surface of a test sample in vacuum. A substantial free drift path through a wide spherical angle is provided for ejected electrons, together with a pair of spaced apart spherically shaped retarding potential grids having a plurality of fringing field correction rings therebetween and the situs of a test sample as the center of their curvature, a cylindrical pot-shaped general electron integral current collector anode lined with a negatively biased screen grid secondary electron repeller, and a small conically shaped selective electron, differential current collector insulatingly passed through a central coaxial opening in the anode and connected to an electron multiplier output. The entire structure is enclosed in a vacuum within an external ferromagnetic casing which provides both electrostatic and electromagnetic shielding. Additionally an external magnetic shield is employed, or Helmholtz coils may be used, to reduce stray magnetic fields to not more than 10 milligauss. The device accommodates relatively large test samples, employs no input or output slits and hence provides a substantially greater signal level than prior spectrometers, and is capable of high resolution of the order of 0.04 percent.
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公开(公告)号：US3659945A
公开(公告)日：1972-05-02
申请号：US3659945D
申请日：1969-11-19
Applicant: PERKIN ELMER CORP
Inventor： ROCHE JOHN M , SAWYER RENE C JR
CPC classification number: G01J3/06 , G01J3/0235 , G01J3/12 , G01J3/18 , G01J2003/1204 , G01J2003/1828
Abstract: A scanning monochromator includes a plurality of diffraction gratings mounted on a rotatable turret, so that each grating may be moved and precisely indexed into operative position. Each grating so positioned is angularly rotated about its axis by the same scanning arm, driven by a cam having two similar (but different) contours for producing one of two similar scanning functions for the various gratings. Preferably more interchangeable order-separating filters than gratings are included to insure complete and efficient filtering (e.g., 14 filters for 7 gratings). Both the stepping of the grating turret and of the filters (e.g., on a filter wheel) are controlled by (digital) signals, derived from the actual wavenumber being separated, as precisely read by (coarse and fine) digital encoder discs on the wavenumber scanning driving shafts (before and after a large-ratio reduction system). The digital control signals and a signal indicating the operative grating provide a readout of the wavenumber, directly usable by data processing apparatus. The closed loop digital nature of the control signals are free of any non-systematic errors, and allow the instrument to be ''''indexed'''' to any desired wavenumber (and then ''''instructed'''' to scan to any other wavenumber automatically).
Abstract translation: 扫描单色仪包括安装在可旋转转台上的多个衍射光栅，使得每个光栅可以移动并精确地分度到操作位置。 如此定位的每个光栅通过相同的扫描臂围绕其轴线成角度地旋转，由具有两个相似（但不同的）轮廓的凸轮驱动，用于产生用于各种光栅的两个类似的扫描功能之一。 优选地，包括比光栅更可互换的顺序分离滤光器以确保完全和有效的滤光（例如，用于7个光栅的14个滤光器）。 光栅转塔和滤光片的步进（例如，滤光轮）都由（数字）信号控制，由实际波数分离得出，由数字编码器光盘上的（粗和精）数位精确读取 扫描驱动轴（大减速系统前后）。 数字控制信号和指示操作光栅的信号提供可由数据处理装置直接使用的波数的读出。 控制信号的闭环数字性质没有任何非系统误差，并允许仪器“索引”到任何所需的波数（然后“指示”自动扫描到任何其他波数）。
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