公开(公告)号：US06922177B2

公开(公告)日：2005-07-26

申请号：US10083689

申请日：2002-02-26

申请人： Mark A. Barnes ,  Charles G. Gilbert ,  Herbert U. Fluhler ,  Hans G. Schantz ,  Soumya K. Nag ,  David M. Dickson

发明人： Mark A. Barnes ,  Charles G. Gilbert ,  Herbert U. Fluhler ,  Hans G. Schantz ,  Soumya K. Nag ,  David M. Dickson

IPC分类号： G01S13/02 ,  H01Q1/38 ,  H01Q1/52 ,  H01Q21/08 ,  H01Q21/00

CPC分类号： G01S13/888 ,  G01S13/0209 ,  H01Q1/38 ,  H01Q1/525 ,  H01Q21/08

摘要： An antenna array comprising a ground plane and a plurality of elements mounted thereon, said elements being capable of emitting and receiving ultra wideband emissions. Elements are arrayed on the ground plane in two parallel rows, a transmitting row, and a receiving row, such that a given element in the receiving row is aligned in at least one direction with a corresponding element in the transmitting row. Additionally, the elements are configured on the ground plane to elicit a symmetrical product response in the azimuthal plane, and to produce horizontally polarized signals. An alternative embodiment places the elements with unique inter-element spacing within the rows. An embodiment comprises a fence structure between rows. A method for use comprises the step of transmitting a signal via an element in the transmitting row and receiving said signal through an element in the receiving row, not aligned with the transmitting element.

摘要翻译： 一种包括接地平面和安装在其上的多个元件的天线阵列，所述元件能够发射和接收超宽带发射。 元件在接地平面上排列成两行平行的行，即发送行和接收行，使得接收行中的给定元素在至少一个方向上与发送行中的相应元素对齐。 另外，元件被配置在接地平面上以在方位平面中引出对称的产品响应，并产生水平偏振信号。 替代实施例将元件在行内放置具有唯一的元件间间隔。 实施例包括行之间的围栏结构。 一种使用方法包括通过发送行中的元件发送信号的步骤，并且通过接收行中不与发送元件对准的元件接收所述信号。

公开(公告)号：US06667724B2

公开(公告)日：2003-12-23

申请号：US09998480

申请日：2001-11-30

申请人： Mark A. Barnes ,  Charles G. Gilbert ,  Herbert U. Fluhler ,  Hans G. Schantz ,  Soumya K. Nag ,  David M. Dickson

发明人： Mark A. Barnes ,  Charles G. Gilbert ,  Herbert U. Fluhler ,  Hans G. Schantz ,  Soumya K. Nag ,  David M. Dickson

IPC分类号： G01S1304

CPC分类号： G01S13/888 ,  G01S13/0209 ,  H01Q1/38 ,  H01Q1/525 ,  H01Q21/08

摘要： An antenna array comprising a ground plane and a plurality of elements mounted thereon, said elements being capable of emitting and receiving ultra wideband emissions. Elements are arrayed on the ground plane in two parallel rows, a transmitting row, and a receiving row, such that a given element in the receiving row is aligned in at least one direction with a corresponding element in the transmitting row. Additionally, the elements are configured on the ground plane to elicit a symmetrical product response in the azimuthal plane, and to produce horizontally polarized signals. An alternative embodiment places the elements with unique inter-element spacing within the rows. An embodiment comprises a fence structure between rows. A method for use comprises the step of transmitting a signal via an element in the transmitting row and receiving said signal through an element in the receiving row, not aligned with the transmitting element.

公开(公告)号：US06606051B1

公开(公告)日：2003-08-12

申请号：US09419806

申请日：1999-10-18

申请人： Larry W. Fullerton ,  Mark A. Barnes

发明人： Larry W. Fullerton ,  Mark A. Barnes

IPC分类号： G01S728

CPC分类号： H04B14/026 ,  G01S7/282 ,  G01S7/292 ,  G01S13/0209 ,  G01S13/18 ,  H01Q9/28 ,  H01Q9/40 ,  H01Q21/061 ,  H04B1/7174 ,  H04L27/103

摘要： A time domain communications system wherein a broadband of time-spaced signals, essentially monocycle-like signals, are derived from applying stepped-in-amplitude signals to a broadband antenna, for example, a reverse bicone antenna or a pulse-responsive dipole antenna. When received, the thus transmitted signals are multiplied by a D.C. replica of each transmitted signal and thereafter are successively short time and long time integrated to achieve detection.

摘要翻译： 一种时域通信系统，其中通过向宽带天线（例如反向双胞胎天线或脉冲响应偶极天线）施加幅度均匀幅度的信号导出时间间隔信号（基本上单环状信号）的宽带。 当接收时，将这样发送的信号乘以每个发送信号的直流副本，然后连续短时间和长时间积分以实现检测。

公开(公告)号：US06552677B2

公开(公告)日：2003-04-22

申请号：US10083191

申请日：2002-02-26

申请人： Mark A. Barnes ,  Soumya K. Nag ,  Herbert U. Fluhler

发明人： Mark A. Barnes ,  Soumya K. Nag ,  Herbert U. Fluhler

IPC分类号： G01S1300

CPC分类号： G01S7/292 ,  G01S13/0209

摘要： A method of detecting objects reflecting impulse waveforms of generating a detection envelope by receiving a reflected waveform, delaying said waveform by a peak-to-zero delay (PZD) interval. The PZD interval is the time between a maximum energy displacement in the impulse waveform and an adjacent zero crossing. The reflected waveform and its delayed version are squared and then summed to create the envelope. If the envelope is to be defined in terms of voltage, the root of the sum of the squares may be found. Also a method for generating an image using the PZD interval in back-projection techniques is described wherein a sampling point is chosen on each of a plurality of reflected waveforms. The values of the samples are summed and the waveforms are delayed by the PZD interval and the values of the sampling points are again summed. The two sums are squared and added together to generate an image envelope.

公开(公告)号：US08111797B2

公开(公告)日：2012-02-07

申请号：US12149785

申请日：2008-05-08

申请人： Mark A. Barnes ,  Irina Dodoukh

发明人： Mark A. Barnes ,  Irina Dodoukh

IPC分类号： H04L25/38

CPC分类号： H04B1/7183

摘要： The present invention is an improved system and method for detecting the leading edge of a waveform. More specifically, the invention relates to detecting the leading edge of an ultra wideband waveform. The invention requires locking to the ultra wideband waveform at a lock reference time, and sampling the ultra wideband waveform during one or more time windows relative to the lock reference time to identify one or more leading edge candidate times based on one or more detection criterion. The ultra wideband signal is sampled at a band limited Nyquist rate that avoids aliasing within a band of interest of the ultra wideband waveform, but allows aliasing outside of the band of interest to minimize the number of samples for leading edge detection processing.

摘要翻译： 本发明是用于检测波形的前沿的改进的系统和方法。 更具体地，本发明涉及检测超宽带波形的前沿。 本发明要求在锁定参考时间锁定超宽带波形，并且在相对于锁定参考时间的一个或多个时间窗口期间对超宽带波形进行采样，以基于一个或多个检测标准来识别一个或多个前沿候选时间。 超宽带信号以带宽限制奈奎斯特速率进行采样，避免了超宽带波形的感兴趣频带内的混叠，但允许将感兴趣的频带外的混叠最小化用于前沿检测处理的样本数。

公开(公告)号：US20100054304A1

公开(公告)日：2010-03-04

申请号：US12149785

申请日：2008-05-08

申请人： Mark A. Barnes ,  Irina Dodoukh

发明人： Mark A. Barnes ,  Irina Dodoukh

IPC分类号： H04L7/00 ,  H04B1/69

CPC分类号： H04B1/7183

摘要： The present invention is an improved system and method for detecting the leading edge of a waveform. More specifically, the invention relates to detecting the leading edge of an ultra wideband waveform. The invention requires locking to the ultra wideband waveform at a lock reference time, and sampling the ultra wideband waveform during one or more time windows relative to the lock reference time to identify one or more leading edge candidate times based on one or more detection criterion. The ultra wideband signal is sampled at a band limited Nyquist rate that avoids aliasing within a band of interest of the ultra wideband waveform, but allows aliasing outside of the band of interest to minimize the number of samples for leading edge detection processing.

摘要翻译： 本发明是用于检测波形的前沿的改进的系统和方法。 更具体地，本发明涉及检测超宽带波形的前沿。 本发明要求在锁定参考时间锁定超宽带波形，并且在相对于锁定参考时间的一个或多个时间窗口期间对超宽带波形进行采样，以基于一个或多个检测标准来识别一个或多个前沿候选时间。 超宽带信号以带宽限制奈奎斯特速率进行采样，避免了超宽带波形的感兴趣频带内的混叠，但允许将感兴趣的频带外的混叠最小化用于前沿检测处理的样本数。

公开(公告)号：US06823022B1

公开(公告)日：2004-11-23

申请号：US09587033

申请日：2000-06-02

申请人： Larry W. Fullerton ,  James L. Richards ,  Vernon R. Brethour ,  Mark D. Roberts ,  Mark A. Barnes ,  Ivan A. Cowie ,  Donald D. Mondul

发明人： Larry W. Fullerton ,  James L. Richards ,  Vernon R. Brethour ,  Mark D. Roberts ,  Mark A. Barnes ,  Ivan A. Cowie ,  Donald D. Mondul

IPC分类号： H04B1500

CPC分类号： H04B1/719 ,  H04B2001/6908

摘要： A method for mitigating interference in impulse radio communication conveying a message from a transmitting station to a receiving station. The method comprises the steps of: (a) conveying the message in packets; (b) repeating conveyance of selected packets to make up a repeat package; and (c) conveying the repeat package a plurality of times at a repeat period greater than twice the occurrence period of the interference. The communication may convey a message from a proximate transmitter to a distal receiver, and receive a message by a proximate receiver from a distal transmitter. In such a system, the method comprises the steps of: (a) providing interference indications by the distal receiver to the proximate transmitter; (b) using the interference indications to determine predicted noise periods; and (c) operating the proximate transmitter to convey the message according to at least one of the following: (1) avoiding conveying the message during noise periods; (2) conveying the message at a higher power during noise periods; (3) varying error detection coding in the message during noise periods; (4) retransmitting the message following noise periods; (5) avoiding conveying the message when interference is greater than a first strength; (6) conveying the message at a higher power when the interference is greater than a second strength; (7) varying error detection coding in the message when the interference is greater than a third strength; and (8) retransmitting a portion of the message after interference has subsided to less than a predetermined strength.

摘要翻译： 一种用于减轻从发射站向接收站传送消息的脉冲无线电通信中的干扰的方法。 该方法包括以下步骤：（a）以消息的形式传送消息; （b）重复输送所选择的数据包以构成重复包; 和（c）以大于干扰发生周期的两倍的重复周期传送重复包多次。 通信可以将消息从邻近发射机传送到远端接收机，并且从远端发射机接收邻近接收机的消息。 在这种系统中，该方法包括以下步骤：（a）将远端接收机的干扰指示提供给邻近发射机; （b）使用干扰指示来确定预测的噪声周期; （c）根据以下至少一项操作近邻发射机传送消息：（1）避免在噪声周期期间传送消息; （2）在噪声期间以较高的功率传送消息; （3）在噪声周期期间在消息中改变错误检测编码; （4）在噪声周期后重传消息; （5）当干扰大于第一强度时避免传达消息; （6）当干扰大于第二强度时，以更高的功率传送消息; （7）当干扰大于第三强度时，在消息中改变错误检测编码; 和（8）在干扰之后将消息的一部分重新发送到小于预定的强度。

公开(公告)号：US5764696A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-09

申请号：US460773

申请日：1995-06-02

申请人： Mark A. Barnes ,  Larry W. Fullerton

发明人： Mark A. Barnes ,  Larry W. Fullerton

IPC分类号： H04B7/10 ,  H03K7/04 ,  H03K7/06 ,  H03K9/04 ,  H03K9/06

CPC分类号： H04B7/10

摘要： Chiral and dual polarization techniques for an ultra-wide band communication system provide an ultra-wide band signal having signal components in two dimensions. The polarization techniques utilize two signal paths to excite a pair of linear, orthogonal antennas. The pulses transmitted along one signal path are delayed with respect to the pulses transmitted along the second signal path such that one antenna is excited with a pulse that is out of phase with respect to the pulse that is exciting the other antenna. With chiral polarization, one signal is delayed in time by an amount such that it reaches a maximum when the other signal is at an adjacent minimum. With dual polarization, one signal is delayed by more than a pulse width. Because the signal is split and transmitted using two orthogonal, linear antennas, the transmitted signal has an electric field component in two dimensions. Because the signal in one signal path is delayed, the transmitted signal, the transmitted signal appears to rotate about the axis of propagation in the right-hand or left-hand direction (depending on the orientation of the antennas relative to one another and on which signal path is delayed). Because chiral and dual polarized signals have signal components in two dimensions, they can be received by receiver systems using either a single linear antenna, or a pair of orthogonal, linear antennas.

摘要翻译： 用于超宽带通信系统的手性和双极化技术提供具有二维信号分量的超宽带信号。 极化技术利用两条信号路径激发一对线性正交天线。 沿着一个信号路径发送的脉冲相对于沿着第二信号路径发送的脉冲被延迟，使得一个天线被激励，该脉冲相对于激励另一个天线的脉冲是异相的。 随着手性极化，一个信号在时间上被延迟一个量，使得当另一个信号处于相邻的最小值时它达到最大值。 使用双极化，一个信号延迟超过一个脉冲宽度。 由于信号被分离并使用两个正交的线性天线发送，所以传输的信号具有二维的电场分量。 因为一个信号路径中的信号被延迟，所以传输的信号看起来在右手或左手方向上绕传播轴线旋转（取决于天线相对于彼此的取向， 信号路径被延迟）。 因为手性和双极化信号具有二维的信号分量，它们可以由接收机系统使用单个线性天线或一对正交的线性天线来接收。

公开(公告)号：US06218979B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-17

申请号：US09332503

申请日：1999-06-14

申请人： Mark A. Barnes ,  Larry W. Fullerton

发明人： Mark A. Barnes ,  Larry W. Fullerton

IPC分类号： G01S1362

CPC分类号： G01S13/888 ,  G01S13/003 ,  G01S13/0209 ,  G01S13/87 ,  H01Q3/2682

摘要： A system and method for high resolution radar imaging using a sparse array of time modulated ultra wideband (TM-UWB) radars. Two or more TM-UWB radars are arranged in a sparse array. Each TM-UWB radar transmits ultra wideband pulses that illuminate a target, and at least one receives the signal returns. The signal return data is processed according to the function being performed, such as imaging or motion detection. The TM-UWB radar array operates in several modes. In a first mode, each TM-UWB radar transmits and receives back scattering returns, and at least one TM-UWB radar receives forward scattering returns. In a second mode, each TM-UWB radar transmits but only one of the radars receives signal returns, both back and forward scattering. In a third mode, each TM-UWB radar transmits and receives back scattering signal returns, but neither receives forward scattering returns. TM-UWB radios can be used to perform other functions, such as handling communications between the radars and determining the distance separating one radar from another.

摘要翻译： 使用时间调制超宽带（TM-UWB）雷达的稀疏阵列的高分辨率雷达成像的系统和方法。 两个或多个TM-UWB雷达以稀疏阵列排列。 每个TM-UWB雷达发射照射目标的超宽带脉冲，并且至少一个接收信号返回。 信号返回数据根据正在执行的功能进行处理，例如成像或运动检测。 TM-UWB雷达阵列以多种模式运行。 在第一模式中，每个TM-UWB雷达发送和接收回散射返回，并且至少一个TM-UWB雷达接收前向散射返回。 在第二模式中，每个TM-UWB雷达都发射，但只有一个雷达接收信号返回，包括反向和向前散射。 在第三种模式中，每个TM-UWB雷达发送和接收反向散射信号返回，但都不会接收到前向散射返回。 TM-UWB无线电可用于执行其他功能，例如处理雷达之间的通信并确定将一个雷达与另一个雷达分开的距离。

公开(公告)号：US5969663A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-19

申请号：US978367

申请日：1997-11-25

申请人： Larry W. Fullerton ,  Mark A. Barnes

发明人： Larry W. Fullerton ,  Mark A. Barnes

IPC分类号： H01Q9/28 ,  H01Q9/40 ,  H04B1/7163 ,  G01S13/04 ,  H03C3/02 ,  H04B1/69

CPC分类号： H04B1/71635 ,  H01Q9/28 ,  H01Q9/40 ,  H04B1/71637 ,  H04L27/103

摘要： A time domain communications system wherein a broadband of time-spaced signals, essentially monocycle-like signals, are derived from applying stepped-in-amplitude signals to a broadband antenna, in this case, a reverse bicone antenna. When received, the thus transmitted signals are multiplied by a D.C. replica of each transmitted signal, and thereafter, they are, successively, short time and long time integrated to achieve detection.