摘要:
An optical element is provided includes an optical layer having a flat incident surface on which light is incident and a wavelength-selective reflective layer disposed in the optical layer. Of light incident on the incident surface at an incident angle (θ, φ), the optical element selectively directionally reflects light in at least one specific wavelength range in at least one direction other than a specular reflection direction (−θ, φ+180°) while transmitting light in at least one wavelength range other than the specific wavelength range, and is transparent to light in at least one wavelength range other than the specific wavelength range.
摘要:
A door trim for a vehicle includes a trim body and an armrest. The trim body has an armrest mount hole, a mount member arranged in an edge area of the armrest mount hole, and a support member. The armrest is fitted in the armrest mount hole. The armrest has a mount base to which the mount member is mounted. The mount base has a weak portion and is configured to be supported by the support member. The weak portion has lower rigidity than another portion of the mount base. The support member is configured to guide the mount base toward an outer side of an interior of the vehicle.
摘要:
An optical amplification device which includes first and second optical amplifiers, and a controller. The first optical amplifier receives a light and amplifies the received light. The second optical amplifier receives the light amplified by the first optical amplifier, and amplifies the received light. When a level of the light received by the first optical amplifier changes by Δ, the controller controls a level of the light received by the second optical amplifier to change by approximately −Δ. In various embodiments, the controller causes the sum of the gains of the first and second optical amplifiers to be constant. In other embodiments, the optical amplification device includes first and second optical amplifier and a gain adjustor. The gain adjustor detects a deviation in gain of the first optical amplifier from a target gain, and adjusts the gain of the second optical amplifier to compensate for the detected deviation.
摘要:
A thin-wall bearing, comprising a retainer (4) formed in a divided type having a plurality of resin plate-like members (5), (5), . . . curved along an inner ring (1) and an outer ring (2). The retainer (4) comprises pockets (6) opening to the axial end part thereof and rollingly holding balls (3). Slit-like through holes (14) extending in the axial direction and opening to the axial end part where the opening parts (7) of the pockets (6) are positioned are formed at the center parts of pillars (10) between the pockets (6) and (6) adjacent to each other. As a result, the thin-wall bearing can have excellent lubricity.
摘要:
An optical amplification device which includes first and second optical amplifiers, and a controller. The first optical amplifier receives a light and amplifies the received light. The second optical amplifier receives the light amplified by the first optical amplifier, and amplifies the received light. When a level of the light received by the first optical amplifier changes by Δ, the controller controls a level of the light received by the second optical amplifier to change by approximately −Δ. In various embodiments, the controller causes the sum of the gains of the first and second optical amplifiers to be constant. In other embodiments, the optical amplification device includes first and second optical amplifier and a gain adjustor. The gain adjustor detects a deviation in gain of the first optical amplifier from a target gain, and adjusts the gain of the second optical amplifier to compensate for the detected deviation.
摘要:
An optical amplifier includes first and second optical amplifier units, a variable optical attenuator optically coupled between the first and second optical amplifier units, a first control unit to control gains of the first and second optical amplifier units based on an input of the first optical amplifier unit and an output of the second optical amplifier unit, and a second control unit to control an attenuation quantity of the variable optical attenuator based on the input and an output of the first optical amplifier unit and an input and the output of the second optical amplifier unit.
摘要:
In a cutter structure for a shield machine which advances by boring through a tunnel wall from inside an existing tunnel, the shape of an excavating surface on a work face formed by a cutter is set so as to have a smaller curvature than or an equal curvature to the curve of a surface to be excavated on the outer face of the tunnel wall to be excavated. Since the shape of the excavating surface on the work face formed by the cutter is set by a curvature, upon advance of the shield machine by boring through the tunnel wall, the tunnel wall to be excavated, the shape of which is cylindrical, can be cut into by opening a hole which extends diametrically outward from the central portion of the cutter. As a result, the sections that are not cut into remain connected to the existing tunnel and will not enter the cutter chamber in lumps.
摘要:
The present invention has an object to permit change the progressing rate of time during a battle period in response to the skill and experience of the player in a game apparatus. The controller unit, upon detection of start of a battle between characters, changes the progressing rate of time during the battle period, from the progressing rate of time during a non-battle period in response to any of a plurality of pieces of rate information previously prepared for regulating the progressing rate of time during the battle period. The controller unit, the audio process unit and the graphics process unit adjust the executing timing of the character in response to the changed progressing rate of time during the battle period. As a result, when the progressing rate of time during the battle period is changed, it is possible to cause the character to execute an action in response to such a change.
摘要:
A control apparatus for an optical amplifier such as an erbium-doped optical-fiber (EDF) amplifier suppresses overshooting of ALC control at power on and at the time of input light restoration from an off condition, while ensuring quick starting. At power on and at the time of input light restoration from an off condition, an idling current (IDC) reference value generating circuit generates an IDC reference voltage that increases to a value sufficiently greater than a value in a normal operating condition with a time constant corresponding to a rise time of the EDF, and thereby controls a laser diode for pumping the EDF. The voltage may be set to a value larger than the value in the normal operating condition for a predetermined period of time by using a timer.
摘要:
Spontaneous emission occurring in association with direct optical amplification using an erbium-doped optical fiber is modulated with an auxiliary signal, such as a supervisory signal, for transmission of the auxiliary signal. In a first aspect of the invention, the output of an optical amplifier is passed through a variable optical band-pass filter whose transmission characteristic is varied in accordance with the auxiliary signal, to modulate the spontaneous emission component contained in the optical amplifier output. In a second aspect of the invention, the output of the optical amplifier is separated by an optical branching device into a main optical signal and part of the spontaneous emission. The separated spontaneous emission component is modulated by being passed through a variable optical band-pass filter whose transmission characteristic is varied in accordance with the auxiliary signal, and then, the modulated spontaneous emission component is wavelength-division multiplexed with the main optical signal.