公开(公告)号：US06571559B1

公开(公告)日：2003-06-03

申请号：US09054794

申请日：1998-04-03

申请人： Douglas M. Fortuna ,  William T. Houchens ,  Gary L. Leonard ,  Phillip D. Napoli ,  Paul E. Sabla ,  Douglas G. Shafer ,  Jack W. Smith, Jr.

发明人： Douglas M. Fortuna ,  William T. Houchens ,  Gary L. Leonard ,  Phillip D. Napoli ,  Paul E. Sabla ,  Douglas G. Shafer ,  Jack W. Smith, Jr.

IPC分类号： F02C722

CPC分类号： F23D11/103 ,  F02C7/22 ,  F23D2209/30 ,  F23D2900/00016 ,  F23R3/28

摘要： A fuel-air mixer for a gas turbine engine combustor having a primary swirler and a venturi that effectively reduces carboning via purge air. Purge air flows axially through the fuel-air mixer forming a boundary layer of air on the inner surface of the venturi. The boundary layer of air minimizes the amount of fuel contacting the inner surface of the venturi resulting in reduced carbon resin or coke formation.

摘要翻译： 一种用于具有初级旋流器和文氏管的燃气涡轮发动机燃烧器的燃料空气混合器，其有效地通过吹扫空气来减少碳化。 吹扫空气轴向流动通过燃料 - 空气混合器，在文丘里管的内表面上形成边界层的空气。 空气的边界层使与文氏管内表面接触的燃料量最小化，导致碳树脂或焦炭形成减少。

公开(公告)号：US5257499A

公开(公告)日：1993-11-02

申请号：US764297

申请日：1991-09-23

申请人： Gary L. Leonard

发明人： Gary L. Leonard

IPC分类号： F23R3/06 ,  F23R3/22 ,  F23R3/26 ,  F23R3/30 ,  F23R3/54 ,  F02C7/22

CPC分类号： F23R3/54 ,  F23R3/22

摘要： This invention relates to air staged premixed dry low NO.sub.x combustors of the type that are constructed of a premixing chamber, a centerbody plug premixed flame stabilizer and a venturi modulated flow split. Such structures of this type maintain very low flame temperatures and, ultimately, low NO.sub.x emissions while still providing adequate cooling for the combustor.

公开(公告)号：US5553448A

公开(公告)日：1996-09-10

申请号：US301363

申请日：1994-09-06

申请人： William M. Farrell ,  Gary L. Leonard

发明人： William M. Farrell ,  Gary L. Leonard

IPC分类号： F02C3/10 ,  F02C3/107 ,  F02C7/143 ,  F02C1/06

CPC分类号： F02C3/107 ,  F02C3/10 ,  F02C7/143 ,  Y10T29/49229 ,  Y10T29/49716

摘要： A gas turbine engine having improved output horsepower and a method of achieving it. The engine has, in order, a low pressure compressor, a high pressure compressor, a combustor, a high pressure turbine and a low pressure turbine. The high pressure turbine is drivingly connected to both compressors with a speed reducing gear box therebetween. An intercooler between the compressors reduces the horsepower requirement of the high pressure compressor. Flow from the combustor is sufficiently heated to enable the high pressure turbine to drive both compressors with the output horsepower of the low pressure turbine devoted to the engine load.

摘要翻译： 具有改进的输出功率的燃气涡轮发动机和实现它的方法。 发动机依次具有低压压缩机，高压压缩机，燃烧器，高压汽轮机和低压汽轮机。 高压涡轮机驱动地连接到两个压缩机，其间具有减速齿轮箱。 压缩机之间的中间冷却器降低了高压压缩机的马力要求。 来自燃烧器的流量被充分加热，以使得高压涡轮机能够利用致力于发动机负载的低压涡轮机的输出功率来驱动两个压缩机。

公开(公告)号：US5508071A

公开(公告)日：1996-04-16

申请号：US127964

申请日：1993-09-28

申请人： William F. Banholzer ,  Roger N. Johnson ,  Gary L. Leonard ,  Richard L. Mehan ,  Clifford L. Spiro

发明人： William F. Banholzer ,  Roger N. Johnson ,  Gary L. Leonard ,  Richard L. Mehan ,  Clifford L. Spiro

IPC分类号： C23C16/26 ,  C23C16/04 ,  C23C16/27 ,  C30B29/04 ,  B05D3/00

CPC分类号： C23C16/045 ,  Y10T428/131

摘要： In its broadest aspects, the present invention is directed to a method for improving the abrasion resistance of the annular interior surface of an annulus. Such method comprises the steps of (a) placing said annulus heated to an elevated CVD diamond-forming temperature in a vacuum chamber held under reduced pressure; (b) providing a hydrocarbon/hydrogen gaseous mixture within said chamber; (c) at least partially decomposing said gaseous mixture in said chamber; and (d) directing said at least partially decomposed gaseous mixture into said heated annular interior for diamond deposition/growth to occur on said annular interior surface. As noted above, spray nozzles, valves, injectors, wire drawing dies, and like annular products are ideally suited for use in accordance with the precepts of the present invention.

摘要翻译： 在其最广泛的方面，本发明涉及一种改善环形环的内表面的耐磨性的方法。 这种方法包括以下步骤：（a）将加热到升高的CVD金刚石形成温度的所述环带放置在减压保持的真空室中; （b）在所述室内提供烃/氢气体混合物; （c）至少部分地分解所述室中的所述气体混合物; 和（d）将所述至少部分分解的气体混合物引导到所述加热的环形内部中，以使金刚石沉积/生长发生在所述环形内表面上。 如上所述，喷嘴，阀门，注射器，拉丝模具等环形产品理想地适合于根据本发明的规范使用。

公开(公告)号：US5235814A

公开(公告)日：1993-08-17

申请号：US989727

申请日：1992-12-10

申请人： Gary L. Leonard

发明人： Gary L. Leonard

IPC分类号： F23R3/28 ,  F23R3/32 ,  F23R3/34

CPC分类号： F23R3/283 ,  F23R3/286 ,  F23R3/32 ,  F23R3/34

摘要： In order to reduce emissions of NO.sub.x, CO and unburned hydrocarbons, the flame temperature must be kept between 2500.degree.-2800.degree. F. Premixing combustor tubes are used to premix the fuel and air before the mixture is burned in the combustion chamber. The tubes are flashback resistant due to the flow of the fuel and air mixture through them. If it is desired to reduce the load operation of the combustor to substantially below 100% of its maximum load operation, as is the case during off-peak hours, the fuel and air flow rate can be regulated to reduce the load operation while still keeping the low emissions and the low flame temperature.

摘要翻译： 为了减少NOx，CO和未燃碳氢化合物的排放，火焰温度必须保持在2500°-2800°F之间。在混合物在燃烧室中燃烧之前，预混合燃烧器管用于预燃燃料和空气。 由于燃料和空气混合物通过它们的流动，管是防反光的。 如果希望将燃烧器的负载操作减小至其最大负载运行的100％以下，如非高峰时段的情况，则可以调节燃料和空气流量以减小负载运行，同时仍保持 低排放和低火焰温度。

公开(公告)号：US4655175A

公开(公告)日：1987-04-07

申请号：US822500

申请日：1986-01-27

申请人： Gary L. Leonard ,  Sanjay M. Carrea

发明人： Gary L. Leonard ,  Sanjay M. Carrea

IPC分类号： F02B3/06 ,  F02B47/02 ,  F02F7/00 ,  F02M25/022 ,  F02M25/02

CPC分类号： F02B47/02 ,  F02F7/0087 ,  F02M25/038 ,  F02B3/06 ,  Y02T10/121

摘要： An improvement for a diesel engine uses a vapor to purge a gap between a piston and cylinder wall. The diesel engine includes at least one cylinder, a piston reciprocatingly mounted in the cylinder, and means for establishing a compression seal between the piston sidewall surface and cylinder wall surface. A chamber is disposed in the piston crown. Means are provided for conducting a liquid into the chamber and containing the liquid under pressure in the chamber. Further provided are means situated in the piston sidewall surface for conducting a vapor between the chamber and the gap between the piston and cylinder wall. In operation, a liquid such as water is conducted into the chamber disposed in the piston crown. The heat generated in the cylinder during the normal operation of the engine is absorbed through the piston crown by the liquid in the chamber. The liquid subsequently turns to a vapor and, being contained in the chamber under pressure, seeps through the vapor conducting means to purge the gap between the piston and cylinder wall.

摘要翻译： 柴油发动机的改进使用蒸气来吹扫活塞和气缸壁之间的间隙。 柴油发动机包括至少一个气缸，往复安装在气缸中的活塞，以及用于在活塞侧壁表面和气缸壁表面之间建立压缩密封件的装置。 腔室设置在活塞顶部。 提供了用于将液体引入室并且在室内容纳液体的压力下的装置。 还提供了位于活塞侧壁表面中的装置，用于在腔室和活塞与气缸壁之间的间隙之间传导蒸气。 在操作中，诸如水的液体被引导到设置在活塞冠中的室中。 在发动机的正常运行期间在气缸中产生的热量通过腔室中的液体被活塞冠吸收。 液体随后转变为蒸气，并且在压力下容纳在室中，通过蒸汽传导装置渗漏以净化活塞和气缸壁之间的间隙。

公开(公告)号：US5319923A

公开(公告)日：1994-06-14

申请号：US26228

申请日：1993-02-26

申请人： Gary L. Leonard ,  Shiro G. Kimura

发明人： Gary L. Leonard ,  Shiro G. Kimura

IPC分类号： F23R3/12 ,  F23C7/06 ,  F23D14/26 ,  F23M5/08 ,  F23R3/16 ,  F23R3/22 ,  F23R3/30 ,  F23R3/36

CPC分类号： F23R3/16 ,  F23C7/06 ,  F23D14/26 ,  F23M5/085 ,  F23R3/22 ,  F23R3/286 ,  F23R2900/03343

摘要： An air staged premixed dry low NO.sub.x combustor of the type that is constructed of a premixing chamber and a centerbody porous plug premixed flame stabilizer. Such structures of this type maintain very low flame temperatures and, ultimately, low NO.sub.x emissions.

摘要翻译： 一种由预混合室和中心体多孔塞预混火焰稳定器构成的类型的空气预混干式低NOx燃烧器。 这种类型的结构保持非常低的火焰温度，并且最终维持低的NOx排放。

公开(公告)号：US4811706A

公开(公告)日：1989-03-14

申请号：US158433

申请日：1988-02-22

申请人： Gary L. Leonard

发明人： Gary L. Leonard

IPC分类号： F01M1/08 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02B45/00 ,  F16J15/00 ,  F16J15/40 ,  F01M1/00

CPC分类号： F16J15/406 ,  F01M1/08 ,  F02B45/00 ,  F16J15/004 ,  F02B3/06 ,  Y02T10/34

摘要： Wear is minimized in a reciprocating internal combustion engine operated by fuel with abrasive particles, such as coal based fuel. A flexible diaphragm is used to equalize pressure in a ring pack area having lubricating film with the combustion chamber pressure. This equalization of pressure minimizes the pressure differential which might occur across an oil scraper ring separating the combustion chamber from the ring pack area. This minimizing of the pressure differential prevents or minimizes the passage of abrasive particles behind the oil scraper ring. A second ring, further from the combustion chamber end of the piston than is the oil scraper ring, serves as a high pressure sealing ring and separates the ring pack area from an oil blowby chamber. The second ring provides a predetermined amount of blowby from the ring pack area into the blowby chamber, which is also bounded by a third ring. In order to remove abrasive particles which may get into the ring pack area by deposition on the exposed areas of the cylinder wall, a pump and filter are used to draw in oil from the oil blowby chamber when the piston is in its bottom dead center position and to supply clean oil to the ring pack area.

摘要翻译： 在具有磨料颗粒（例如煤基燃料）的燃料操作的往复式内燃机中，磨损被最小化。 使用柔性隔膜来使具有润滑膜的环形区域中的压力与燃烧室压力相等。 这种压力均衡使得将燃烧室与环形包装区域分开的油刮器环可能发生的压差最小化。 压差的最小化防止或最小化磨料颗粒在油刮环后面的通过。 比起油刮环更远离活塞的燃烧室端部的第二环，用作高压密封环并将环形包装区域与排油室分离。 第二环从环形区域提供预定量的从第三环限定的排气室。 为了去除可能通过沉积在气缸壁的暴露区域上而进入环形区域的磨料颗粒，当活塞处于其下止点位置时，使用泵和过滤器从油泄漏室吸入油中 并向环包区域提供清洁的油。

公开(公告)号：US4781544A

公开(公告)日：1988-11-01

申请号：US81506

申请日：1987-08-04

申请人： Gary L. Leonard ,  Francis P. Bundy

发明人： Gary L. Leonard ,  Francis P. Bundy

IPC分类号： F04B9/107 ,  F04B15/02 ,  F04B17/00

CPC分类号： F04B15/02 ,  F04B9/107

摘要： Apparatus for transmitting pressure from a hydraulic fluid to a slurry material includes a housing having a piston chamber defined therein surrounded by a piston chamber wall. The housing also contains an inlet port and an outlet port, through which ports slurry material enters and leaves the piston chamber. A piston is slidably disposed in the chamber so that sliding movement of the piston produces pressurization of the slurry material and movement thereof through the outlet port. A hydraulic fluid channel is disposed in the housing so that pressurized hydraulic fluid therein produces a force on the piston which causes sliding movement thereof, so as to produce a pressure in the slurry material which is proportional to the pressure in the hydraulic fluid. Preferably, the hydraulic fluid channel is further disposed in flow communication with the clearance gap between the outer surface of the piston and the corresponding surface of the piston chamber wall, so that at least a portion of the pressurized hydraulic fluid passes through the clearance gap and flushes solid particles therefrom. In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus further includes means for counterbalancing the force produced by the slurry material on the interior surface of the piston chamber wall, with an oppositely directed force on the oposite surface of the piston chamber wall.

摘要翻译： 用于将压力从液压流体传送到浆料的装置包括壳体，其具有限定在其中的活塞室，所述活塞室由活塞室壁围绕。 壳体还包含入口端口和出口端口，浆料材料通过该入口端口和出口端口进入并离开活塞室。 活塞可滑动地设置在室中，使得活塞的滑动运动产生浆料的加压和通过出口的运动。 液压流体通道设置在壳体中，使得其中的加压液压流体在活塞上产生作用力，引起其滑动运动，从而产生与液压流体中的压力成比例的浆料中的压力。 优选地，液压流体通道进一步设置成与活塞的外表面和活塞室壁的相应表面之间的间隙流动连通，使得至少一部分加压液压流体通过间隙，并且 从中冲洗固体颗粒。 在优选实施例中，该装置还包括用于在活塞室壁的相对表面上以相反方向的力平衡由浆料材料在活塞室壁的内表面上产生的力的装置。

公开(公告)号：US4660383A

公开(公告)日：1987-04-28

申请号：US806898

申请日：1985-12-09

申请人： Gary L. Leonard

发明人： Gary L. Leonard

IPC分类号： F02B3/06 ,  F02B77/04 ,  F16J9/00 ,  F16J15/40 ,  F02B37/00 ,  F02B3/00 ,  F02B33/00

CPC分类号： F02B77/04 ,  F16J15/40 ,  F16J9/00 ,  F02B3/06

摘要： An improved diesel engine is provided wherein clean air is blown past compression ring seals to prevent particulate matter in combustion gases from entering between a cylinder wall or liner and a piston sidewall. The diesel engine includes at least one cylinder, a piston reciprocatingly mounted in the cylinder, a combustion air port, an exhaust gas port, a fuel injector proximate the cylinder head, and at least two compression ring seals. A clean air port communicates with the cylinder wall for conducting pressurized clean air into the cylinder. A chamber is disposed in the piston and includes a port substantially centered on the piston crown, and a blow-by port on the piston sidwall bounded by the two compression ring seals. The clean air port is spaced from the combustion air port such that when the piston is proximate the bottom-dead-center position of its stroke and combustion air is conducted into the cylinder, the compression ring seals bounding the blow-by port also bound the clean air port. Thus, during this low-compression portion of the piston stroke the pressurized clean air fills the piston chamber and is then conducted into the cylinder. when the piston is proximate its top-dead-center position during the compression and firing strokes, this clean air is compressed and blown past the compression ring seals, thereby preventing combustion products and any particulate matter situated therein from passing by the seals and abrading the cylinder liner or piston sidewall.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种改进的柴油发动机，其中清洁空气被吹过压缩环密封件，以防止燃烧气体中的颗粒物质进入气缸壁或衬套和活塞侧壁之间。 柴油发动机包括至少一个气缸，往往安装在气缸中的活塞，燃烧空气口，排气口，靠近气缸盖的燃料喷射器和至少两个压缩环密封件。 清洁空气端口与气缸壁连通，用于将加压的清洁空气引入气缸。 腔室设置在活塞中并且包括基本上位于活塞顶部的中心的端口以及由两个压缩环密封件限定的活塞侧壁上的吹气口。 清洁空气端口与燃烧空气端口间隔开，使得当活塞接近其行程的下死点位置时，燃烧空气被传导到气缸中，限制窜气口的压缩环密封件也限制在 清洁空气口。 因此，在活塞冲程的这个低压缩部分期间，加压的清洁空气填充活塞室，然后被传导到气缸中。 当在压缩和击发行程期间活塞接近其上止点位置时，这种清洁的空气被压缩并吹过压缩环密封件，从而防止燃烧产物和位于其中的任何颗粒物质通过密封件并磨损 气缸套或活塞侧壁。