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    Avalanche photodiode
    1.
    发明授权
    Avalanche photodiode 有权
    雪崩光电二极管

    公开(公告)号：US08575650B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-11-05

    申请号：US13133990

    申请日：2009-12-11

    申请人： Tadao Ishibashi ,  Seigo Ando ,  Yoshifumi Muramoto ,  Fumito Nakajima ,  Haruki Yokoyama

    发明人： Tadao Ishibashi ,  Seigo Ando ,  Yoshifumi Muramoto ,  Fumito Nakajima ,  Haruki Yokoyama

    IPC分类号： H01L31/107

    CPC分类号： H01L31/1075

    摘要： An electron injected APD with an embedded n electrode structure in which edge breakdown can be suppressed without controlling the doping profile of an n-type region of the embedded n electrode structure with high precision. The APD comprising a buffer layer with a low ionization rate is inserted between an n electrode connecting layer and an avalanche multiplication layer. Specifically, the APD is an electron injected APD in which an n electrode layer, the n electrode connecting layer, the buffer layer, the avalanche multiplication layer, an electric field control layer, a band gap gradient layer, a low-concentration light absorbing layer, a p-type light absorbing layer, and a p electrode layer are sequentially stacked, and a light absorbing portion that includes at least the low-concentration light absorbing layer and the p-type light absorbing layer forms a mesa shape.

    摘要翻译： 具有嵌入式n电极结构的电子注入APD，其中可以抑制边缘击穿而不以高精度控制嵌入式n电极结构的n型区域的掺杂分布。 包括具有低电离速率的缓冲层的APD插入在n电极连接层和雪崩倍增层之间。 具体地，APD是电子注入APD，其中n电极层，n电极连接层，缓冲层，雪崩倍增层，电场控制层，带隙梯度层，低浓度光吸收层 p型光吸收层和ap电极层依次层叠，并且至少包含低浓度光吸收层和p型光吸收层的光吸收部形成台面形状。

    Wet-type flue gas desulfurization plant and method making use of a solid desulfurizing agent
    2.
    发明授权
    Wet-type flue gas desulfurization plant and method making use of a solid desulfurizing agent 失效
    湿式烟气脱硫装置及使用固体脱硫剂的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5686053A

    公开(公告)日：1997-11-11

    申请号：US532759

    申请日：1995-10-11

    申请人： Hirofumi Kikkawa ,  Fumito Nakajima ,  Hiroyuki Kaku ,  Shigehito Takamoto ,  Hiroshi Ishizaka ,  Shigeru Nozawa ,  Masakatsu Nishimura ,  Takanori Nakamoto

    发明人： Hirofumi Kikkawa ,  Fumito Nakajima ,  Hiroyuki Kaku ,  Shigehito Takamoto ,  Hiroshi Ishizaka ,  Shigeru Nozawa ,  Masakatsu Nishimura ,  Takanori Nakamoto

    IPC分类号： B01D53/34 ,  B01D53/50 ,  C01F11/06 ,  B01D53/78

    CPC分类号： B01D53/502 ,  B01D53/501 ,  B01D53/504 ,  B01D53/508 ,  Y10S423/05

    摘要： A wet-type flue gas desulfurization method and plant making use of a solid desulfurizing agent in which exhaust gas exhausted from a combustion apparatus such as a boiler is brought into contact with absorbing liquid to absorb sulfur oxide from the exhaust gas into the absorbing liquid followed by neutralization of the absorbing liquid containing the sulfur oxide thus absorbed. The solid desulfurizing agent is selectively retained in an absorbing liquid neutralizing zone and the absorbing liquid, containing water as a main constituent and solid products formed from the absorbed sulfur oxide, is selectively removed from the neutralizing zone. In the neutralizing zone the upward flow of the absorbing liquid, optionally augmented by an upward flow of air or water, forms a fluidized bed of limestone particles, thereby preventing coating of the limestone by gypsum and thereby retaining reactivity of limestone. According to the present invention, coexistence of Al and F in the absorbing liquid seldom deteriorates the desulfurizing performance. Further, it is possible to reduce power and cost required to grind limestone and to achieve a higher desulfurizing performance.

    摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / JP95 / 00921 Sec。 371 1995年10月11日第 102（e）1995年10月11日日期PCT提交1995年5月11日PCT公布。 公开号WO95 / 31272 日期：1995年11月23日一种湿式烟气脱硫方法和使用固体脱硫剂的设备，其中从锅炉等燃烧装置排出的废气与吸收液体接触以从排气中吸收硫氧化物 进入吸收液体，然后中和含有如此吸收的硫氧化物的吸收液体。 选择性地将固体脱硫剂保持在吸收液中和区中，从中和区选择性地除去以水为主要成分的吸收液和由吸收的硫氧化物形成的固体产物。 在中和区中，任选地通过向上的空气或水流增加的吸收液体的向上流动形成石灰石颗粒的流化床，从而防止石膏被石膏包覆，从而保持石灰石的反应性。 根据本发明，吸收液中Al和F的共存很少使脱硫性能下降。 此外，可以降低研磨石灰石所需的功率和成本，并且实现更高的脱硫性能。

    Apparatus for elimination of nitrogen oxides from combustion waste gases
    5.
    发明授权
    Apparatus for elimination of nitrogen oxides from combustion waste gases 失效
    用于从燃烧废气中去除氮氧化物的装置

    公开(公告)号：US4003711A

    公开(公告)日：1977-01-18

    申请号：US514130

    申请日：1974-10-11

    申请人： Yukio Hishinuma ,  Hidetoshi Akimoto ,  Zensuke Tamura ,  Fumito Nakajima

    发明人： Yukio Hishinuma ,  Hidetoshi Akimoto ,  Zensuke Tamura ,  Fumito Nakajima

    IPC分类号： B01D53/86 ,  B01D53/94 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B01J27/00 ,  B01J27/043 ,  B01J27/28 ,  B01J38/48 ,  F23J15/00 ,  B01J8/12 ,  B01J23/94 ,  F01N3/15

    CPC分类号： B01J23/94 ,  B01D53/9413 ,  B01J38/485 ,  F23J15/00 ,  B01D2251/2062 ,  B01D2255/20707 ,  B01D2255/20738

    摘要： Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are removed from combustion waste gases by injecting gas (NH.sub.3) into the combustion waste gases in the presence of a metallic catalyst to deoxidize the nitrogen oxides to nitrogen and water, within a reaction tower having the catalysts moving through the reaction tower, so that thereafter the dust may be separated from the catalysts and the catalysts may be regenerated continuously, so that the regenerated catalysts may be returned to the reaction tower. The catalyst moves in a substantially closed path, and preferable downwardly through the reaction tower, with the ammonia gas and combustion waste gases moving in cross current through the reaction tower, with mixing being enhanced by a plurality of angled baffle plates. Regeneration is accomplished by washing the catalysts, particularly ferrous catalysts with water to remove ferric sulfates, thereafter providing ferrous sulfates on the surface of the ferrous catalysts, and thereafter heating the catalysts with combustion gases separate from the ammonia gases, to dry the catalysts prior to their moving into the portion of the reaction tower having therein the mixed ammonia gas and combustion waste gases.

    摘要翻译： 通过在催化剂移动通过反应的反应塔内，在金属催化剂的存在下将气体（NH 3）注入到燃烧废气中以将氮氧化物氧化成氮和水，从而从燃烧废气中除去氮氧化物（NOx） 塔，从而可以将灰尘与催化剂分离，并且可以连续再生催化剂，使得再生催化剂可以返回到反应塔。 催化剂在基本上封闭的路径中移动，并且优选向下通过反应塔，氨气和燃烧废气在交叉电流中移动通过反应塔，混合通过多个成角度的挡板增强。 通过用水洗涤催化剂，特别是含铁催化剂以除去硫酸亚铁，然后在亚铁催化剂的表面上提供硫酸亚铁，然后用与氨气分离的燃烧气体加热催化剂，将催化剂干燥，然后在 它们进入其中具有混合氨气的反应塔部分和燃烧废气。

    AVALANCHE PHOTODIODE
    7.
    发明申请
    AVALANCHE PHOTODIODE 有权
    AVALANCHE光电

    公开(公告)号：US20110241150A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-10-06

    申请号：US13133990

    申请日：2009-12-11

    申请人： Tadao Ishibashi ,  Seigo Ando ,  Yoshifumi Muramoto ,  Fumito Nakajima ,  Haruki Yokoyama

    发明人： Tadao Ishibashi ,  Seigo Ando ,  Yoshifumi Muramoto ,  Fumito Nakajima ,  Haruki Yokoyama

    IPC分类号： H01L31/0224

    CPC分类号： H01L31/1075

    摘要： An electron injected APD with an embedded n electrode structure in which edge breakdown can be suppressed without controlling the doping profile of an n-type region of the embedded n electrode structure with high precision. The APD comprising a buffer layer with a low ionization rate is inserted between an n electrode connecting layer and an avalanche multiplication layer. Specifically, the APD is an electron injected APD in which an n electrode layer, the n electrode connecting layer, the buffer layer, the avalanche multiplication layer, an electric field control layer, a band gap gradient layer, a low-concentration light absorbing layer, a p-type light absorbing layer, and a p electrode layer are sequentially stacked, and a light absorbing portion that includes at least the low-concentration light absorbing layer and the p-type light absorbing layer forms a mesa shape.

    摘要翻译： 具有嵌入式n电极结构的电子注入APD，其中可以抑制边缘击穿而不以高精度控制嵌入式n电极结构的n型区域的掺杂分布。 包括具有低电离速率的缓冲层的APD插入在n电极连接层和雪崩倍增层之间。 具体地，APD是电子注入APD，其中n电极层，n电极连接层，缓冲层，雪崩倍增层，电场控制层，带隙梯度层，低浓度光吸收层 p型光吸收层和ap电极层依次层叠，并且至少包含低浓度光吸收层和p型光吸收层的光吸收部形成台面形状。

    Wet-type flue gas desulfurization plant and method making use of a solid desulfurizing agent
    8.
    发明授权
    Wet-type flue gas desulfurization plant and method making use of a solid desulfurizing agent 失效
    湿式烟气脱硫装置及使用固体脱硫剂的方法

    公开(公告)号：US6080370A

    公开(公告)日：2000-06-27

    申请号：US207152

    申请日：1998-12-08

    申请人： Hirofumi Kikkawa ,  Fumito Nakajima ,  Hiroyuki Kaku ,  Shigehito Takamoto ,  Hiroshi Ishizaka ,  Shigeru Nozawa ,  Masakatsu Nishimura ,  Takanori Nakamoto

    发明人： Hirofumi Kikkawa ,  Fumito Nakajima ,  Hiroyuki Kaku ,  Shigehito Takamoto ,  Hiroshi Ishizaka ,  Shigeru Nozawa ,  Masakatsu Nishimura ,  Takanori Nakamoto

    IPC分类号： B01D53/34 ,  B01D53/50 ,  C01F11/06 ,  B01D53/78

    CPC分类号： B01D53/502 ,  B01D53/501 ,  B01D53/504 ,  B01D53/508 ,  Y10S423/05

    摘要： A wet-type flue gas desulfurization method and plant making use of a solid desulfurizing agent in which exhaust gas exhausted from a combustion apparatus such as a boiler is brought into contact with absorbing liquid to absorb sulfur oxide from the exhaust gas into the absorbing liquid followed by neutralization of the absorbing liquid containing the sulfur oxide thus absorbed. The solid desulfurizing agent is selectively retained in an absorbing liquid neutralizing zone and the absorbing liquid, containing water as a main constituent and solid products formed from the absorbed sulfur oxide, is selectively removed from the neutralizing zone. In the neutralizing zone the upward flow of the absorbing liquid, optionally augmented by an upward flow of air or water, forms a fluidized bed of limestone particles, thereby preventing coating of the limestone by gypsum and thereby retaining reactivity of limestone. According to the present invention, coexistence of Al and F in the absorbing liquid seldom deteriorates the desulfurizing performance. Further, it is possible to reduce power and cost required to grind limestone and to achieve a higher desulfurizing performance.

    摘要翻译： 使用固体脱硫剂的湿式烟道气脱硫方法和设备，其中从锅炉等燃烧装置排出的废气与吸收液体接触，从废气中吸收硫氧化物进入吸收液体，随后 通过中和含有如此吸收的硫氧化物的吸收液体。 选择性地将固体脱硫剂保持在吸收液中和区中，从中和区选择性地除去以水为主要成分的吸收液和由吸收的硫氧化物形成的固体产物。 在中和区中，任选地通过向上的空气或水流增加的吸收液体的向上流动形成石灰石颗粒的流化床，从而防止石膏被石膏包覆，从而保持石灰石的反应性。 根据本发明，吸收液中Al和F的共存很少使脱硫性能下降。 此外，可以降低研磨石灰石所需的功率和成本，并且实现更高的脱硫性能。

    Wet-type flue gas desulfurization plant and method making use of a solid desulfurizing agent
    9.
    发明授权
    Wet-type flue gas desulfurization plant and method making use of a solid desulfurizing agent 失效
    湿式烟气脱硫装置及使用固体脱硫剂的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5788944A

    公开(公告)日：1998-08-04

    申请号：US532758

    申请日：1995-10-11

    申请人： Hirofumi Kikkawa ,  Fumito Nakajima ,  Hiroyuki Kaku ,  Shigehito Takamoto ,  Hiroshi Ishizaka ,  Shigeru Nozawa ,  Masakatsu Nishimura ,  Takanori Nakamoto

    发明人： Hirofumi Kikkawa ,  Fumito Nakajima ,  Hiroyuki Kaku ,  Shigehito Takamoto ,  Hiroshi Ishizaka ,  Shigeru Nozawa ,  Masakatsu Nishimura ,  Takanori Nakamoto

    IPC分类号： B01D53/30 ,  B01D53/34 ,  B01D53/50 ,  B01D53/78 ,  F27B17/00

    CPC分类号： B01D53/346 ,  B01D53/30 ,  B01D53/501 ,  B01D53/504 ,  B01D53/78

    摘要： Exhaust gas from combustion equipment such as a boiler is brought into contact with an absorbing liquid to absorb sulfur oxide from the exhaust gas into the absorbing liquid. Limestone particles having larger diameters are selectively retained in a zone wherein the absorbing liquid that has absorbed the sulfur oxide from the exhaust gas is neutralized. The absorbing liquid containing water and the gypsum thereby formed, as main constituents, are selectively drained from the neutralizing zone and recycled for renewed contact with the exhaust gas. Because of the possibility of a large decrease of desulfurizing performance due to a variation in the load on the boiler, etc., at least one of the following is monitored: pressure drop across the neutralizing zone, torque of a stirring device, solids concentration in the absorbing liquid, specific gravity of the absorbing liquid and viscosity of the absorbing liquid. Responsive to the monitored parameters outlet SO.sub.2 concentration is controlled within a predetermined range by regulation of at least one of the following: flow rate of the absorbing liquid circulated into contact with the exhaust gas, amount of the solid desulfurizing agent added to the absorbing liquid, particle diameter of the solid desulfurizing agent and speed of agitation of the solid desulfurizing agent in the neutralizing zone.

    摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / JP95 / 00922 Sec。 371 1995年10月11日第 102（e）1995年10月11日日期PCT提交1995年5月11日PCT公布。 出版物WO96 / 26785 日期1996年6月9日将诸如锅炉的燃烧设备的废气与吸收液体接触，以从废气中吸收硫氧化物进入吸收液体。 具有较大直径的石灰石颗粒选择性地保留在从废气中吸收硫氧化物的吸收液中和的区域中。 作为主要成分的含水和石膏的吸收液体被选择性地从中和区排出并再循环再次与废气接触。 由于锅炉等负荷变化导致脱硫性能大幅下降的可能性在以下至少一项被监测：中和区上的压降，搅拌装置的转矩，固体浓度 吸收液体，吸收液的比重和吸收液体的粘度。 响应于所监测的参数，出口SO2浓度通过调节以下至少一个来控​​制在预定范围内：循环与废气接触的吸收液体的流量，加入吸收液体中的固体脱硫剂的量， 固体脱硫剂的粒径和固体脱硫剂在中和区的搅拌速度。