公开(公告)号：US5959738A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-28

申请号：US886711

申请日：1997-07-01

申请人： Dean G. Hafeman ,  Calvin T. Chow

发明人： Dean G. Hafeman ,  Calvin T. Chow

IPC分类号： G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/00 ,  G01J5/02

CPC分类号： G01N21/253 ,  G01N21/3151

摘要： Disclosed are photometric methods and devices for determining optical pathlength of liquid samples containing analytes dissolved or suspended in a solvent. The methods and devices rely on determining a relationship between the light absorption properties of the solvent and the optical pathlength of liquid samples containing the solvent. This relationship is used to establish the optical pathlength for samples containing an unknown concentration of analyte but having similar solvent composition. Further disclosed are methods and devices for determining the concentration of analyte in such samples where both the optical pathlength and the concentration of analyte are unknown. The methods and devices rely on separately determining, at different wavelengths of light, light absorption by the solvent and light absorption by the analyte. Light absorption by the analyte, together with the optical pathlength so determined, is used to calculate the concentration of the analyte. Devices for carrying out the methods particularly advantageously include vertical-beam photometers containing samples disposed within the wells of multi-assay plates, wherein the photometer is able to monitor light absorption of each sample at multiple wavelengths, including in the visible or UV-visible region of the spectrum, as well as in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Novel photometer devices are described which automatically determine the concentration of analytes in such multi-assay plates directly without employing a standard curve.

公开(公告)号：US07663755B2

公开(公告)日：2010-02-16

申请号：US12036931

申请日：2008-02-25

申请人： Dean G. Hafeman ,  Calvin Y. Chow

发明人： Dean G. Hafeman ,  Calvin Y. Chow

IPC分类号： G01N21/59

CPC分类号： G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/1804 ,  G01N21/253 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N21/6452

摘要： Photometric methods for determining optical pathlength of liquid samples containing analytes dissolved or suspended in a solvent are provided that rely on determining a relationship between the light absorption properties of the solvent and the optical pathlength of liquid samples containing the solvent. This relationship is used to establish the optical pathlength for samples containing an unknown concentration of analyte but having similar solvent composition. Methods are also provided for determining the concentration of analyte in such samples where both the optical pathlength and the concentration of analyte are unknown. The methods may rely on separately determining, at different wavelengths of light, light absorption by the solvent and light absorption by the analyte. Light absorption by the analyte, together with the optical pathlength so determined, is used to calculate the concentration of the analyte.

摘要翻译： 提供用于确定含有溶解或悬浮在溶剂中的分析物的液体样品的光程长度的光度测定方法，其依赖于确定溶剂的光吸收性质和含有溶剂的液体样品的光程长度之间的关系。 该关系用于建立含有未知浓度的分析物但具有相似溶剂组成的样品的光程。 还提供了用于确定样品中分析物浓度的方法，其中光程长和分析物浓度都是未知的。 这些方法可以依赖于在不同波长的光下分别测定溶剂的光吸收和被分析物的光吸收。 被分析物的光吸收以及如此确定的光程长度被用于计算分析物的浓度。

公开(公告)号：US06995844B2

公开(公告)日：2006-02-07

申请号：US10316707

申请日：2002-12-10

申请人： Dean G. Hafeman ,  Calvin Y. Chow

发明人： Dean G. Hafeman ,  Calvin Y. Chow

IPC分类号： G01N21/59

CPC分类号： G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/1804 ,  G01N21/253 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N21/6452

摘要： Disclosed are photometric methods and devices for determining optical pathlength of liquid samples containing analytes dissolved or suspended in a solvent. The methods and devices rely on determining a relationship between the light absorption properties of the solvent and the optical pathlength of liquid samples containing the solvent. This relationship is used to establish the optical pathlength for samples containing an unknown concentration of analyte but having similar solvent composition. Further disclosed are methods and devices for determining the concentration of analyte in such samples where both the optical pathlength and the concentration of analyte are unknown. The methods and devices rely on separately determining, at different wavelengths of light, light absorption by the solvent and light absorption by the analyte. Light absorption by the analyte, together with the optical pathlength so determined, is used to calculate the concentration of the analyte. Devices for carrying out the methods particularly advantageously include vertical-beam photometers containing samples disposed within the wells of multi-assay plates, wherein the photometer is able to monitor light absorption of each sample at multiple wavelengths, including in the visible or UV-visible region of the spectrum, as well as in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Novel photometer devices are described which automatically determine the concentration of analytes in such multi-assay plates directly without employing a standard curve.

公开(公告)号：US06496260B1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-17

申请号：US09220177

申请日：1998-12-23

申请人： Dean G. Hafeman ,  Calvin Y. Chow

发明人： Dean G. Hafeman ,  Calvin Y. Chow

IPC分类号： G01N2159

CPC分类号： G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/1804 ,  G01N21/253 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N21/6452

摘要： Disclosed are photometric methods and devices for determining optical pathlength of liquid samples containing analytes dissolved or suspended in a solvent. The methods and devices rely on determining a relationship between the light absorption properties of the solvent and the optical pathlength of liquid samples containing the solvent. This relationship is used to establish the optical pathlength for samples containing an unknown concentration of analyte but having similar solvent composition. Further disclosed are methods and devices for determining the concentration of analyte in such samples where both the optical pathlength and the concentration of analyte are unknown. The methods and devices rely on separately determining, at different wavelengths of light, light absorption by the solvent and light absorption by the analyte. Light absorption by the analyte, together with the optical pathlength so determined, is used to calculate the concentration of the analyte. Devices for carrying out the methods particularly advantageously include vertical-beam photometers containing samples disposed within the wells of multi-assay plates, wherein the photometer is able to monitor light absorption of each sample at multiple wavelengths, including in the visible or UV-visible region of the spectrum, as well as in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Novel photometer devices are described which automatically determine the concentration of analytes in such multi-assay plates directly without employing a standard curve.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于确定含有溶解或悬浮在溶剂中的分析物的液体样品的光程长度的光度测定方法和装置。 所述方法和装置依赖于确定溶剂的光吸收性质和含有溶剂的液体样品的光程长度之间的关系。 该关系用于建立含有未知浓度的分析物但具有相似溶剂组成的样品的光程。 进一步公开了用于确定样品中分析物浓度的方法和装置，其中光程长和分析物浓度都是未知的。 方法和装置依赖于在不同波长的光下分别确定溶剂的光吸收和被分析物的光吸收。 被分析物的光吸收以及如此确定的光程长度被用于计算分析物的浓度。 用于实施方法的装置特别有利地包括垂直光束光度计，其包含设置在多测定板的孔内的样品，其中光度计能够监测包括在可见光或可见光区域中的多个波长的每个样品的光吸收 的光谱，以及在电磁光谱的近红外区域。 描述了新的光度计装置，其直接在不使用标准曲线的情况下自动确定这种多测定板中的分析物的浓度。

公开(公告)号：US6151111A

公开(公告)日：2000-11-21

申请号：US929552

申请日：1997-09-15

申请人： Mark Wechsler ,  Howard H. Barney ,  Roger A. Kaye ,  David G. Ogle ,  Michael M. Lacy ,  Calvin Y. Chow ,  Kimberly L. Crawford ,  Dean G. Hafeman

发明人： Mark Wechsler ,  Howard H. Barney ,  Roger A. Kaye ,  David G. Ogle ,  Michael M. Lacy ,  Calvin Y. Chow ,  Kimberly L. Crawford ,  Dean G. Hafeman

IPC分类号： G01N21/33 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/59 ,  G01N35/02 ,  G01J3/30

CPC分类号： G01N21/33 ,  G01N21/253 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N2201/0231 ,  G01N2201/0446 ,  G01N2201/1222 ,  G01N2201/127 ,  G01N35/028

摘要： The present invention relates to a photometric device for measuring optical parameters. The invention functions in the ultraviolet light range through use of a monochromator and splits the test light in multiple channels by a rotor assembly, including a mirror.

公开(公告)号：US5487872A

公开(公告)日：1996-01-30

申请号：US228415

申请日：1994-04-15

申请人： Dean G. Hafeman ,  Gillian M. K. Humphries

发明人： Dean G. Hafeman ,  Gillian M. K. Humphries

IPC分类号： B01L3/00 ,  B01L11/00

CPC分类号： B01L3/5085

摘要： An ultraviolet radiation transparent multi-assay plate for ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy of ultraviolet absorbing liquids comprising a plurality of cylinders fixed in a frame each covered at the bottom with a portion of an ultraviolet transparent sheet material sealed to the bottom wall of the cylinder to form a non-leaking multi-assay plate well.

摘要翻译： 一种用于紫外线吸收液的紫外线吸收光谱的紫外线透射多测定板，包括固定在框架中的多个圆筒，每个圆筒都被覆盖在底部，一部分紫外线透明片材密封在圆筒的底壁上，形成 不渗漏多分析板。

公开(公告)号：US20080285036A1

公开(公告)日：2008-11-20

申请号：US12036931

申请日：2008-02-25

申请人： Dean G. Hafeman ,  Calvin Y. Chow

发明人： Dean G. Hafeman ,  Calvin Y. Chow

IPC分类号： G01N21/59

CPC分类号： G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/1804 ,  G01N21/253 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N21/6452

摘要： Disclosed are photometric methods and devices for determining optical pathlength of liquid samples containing analytes dissolved or suspended in a solvent. The methods and devices rely on determining a relationship between the light absorption properties of the solvent and the optical pathlength of liquid samples containing the solvent. This relationship is used to establish the optical pathlength for samples containing an unknown concentration of analyte but having similar solvent composition. Further disclosed are methods and devices for determining the concentration of analyte in such samples where both the optical pathlength and the concentration of analyte are unknown. The methods and devices rely on separately determining, at different wavelengths of light, light absorption by the solvent and light absorption by the analyte. Light absorption by the analyte, together with the optical pathlength so determined, is used to calculate the concentration of the analyte. Devices for carrying out the methods particularly advantageously include vertical-beam photometers containing samples disposed within the wells of multi-assay plates, wherein the photometer is able to monitor light absorption of each sample at multiple wavelengths, including in the visible or UV-visible region of the spectrum, as well as in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum Novel photometer devices are described which automatically determine the concentration of analytes in such multi-assay plates directly without employing a standard curve.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于确定含有溶解或悬浮在溶剂中的分析物的液体样品的光程长度的光度测定方法和装置。 所述方法和装置依赖于确定溶剂的光吸收性质和含有溶剂的液体样品的光程长度之间的关系。 该关系用于建立含有未知浓度的分析物但具有相似溶剂组成的样品的光程。 进一步公开了用于确定样品中分析物浓度的方法和装置，其中光程长和分析物浓度都是未知的。 方法和装置依赖于在不同波长的光下分别确定溶剂的光吸收和被分析物的光吸收。 被分析物的光吸收以及如此确定的光程长度被用于计算分析物的浓度。 用于实施方法的装置特别有利地包括垂直光束光度计，其包含设置在多测定板的孔内的样品，其中光度计能够监测包括在可见光或可见光区域中的多个波长的每个样品的光吸收 的光谱，以及电磁光谱的近红外区域描述了新型光度计装置，其自动确定这种多测定板中分析物的浓度，而不使用标准曲线。

公开(公告)号：US06404501B1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-11

申请号：US09671557

申请日：2000-09-27

申请人： Dean G. Hafeman ,  Calvin Y. Chow

发明人： Dean G. Hafeman ,  Calvin Y. Chow

IPC分类号： G01N2100

CPC分类号： G01N21/253 ,  G01F22/00 ,  G01N21/3151

摘要： Disclosed are photometric methods and devices for determining optical pathlength of liquid samples containing analytes dissolved or suspended in a solvent. The methods and devices rely on determining a relationship between the light absorption properties of the solvent and the optical pathlength of liquid samples containing the solvent. This relationship is used to establish the optical pathlength for samples containing an unknown concentration of analyte but having similar solvent composition. Further disclosed are methods and devices for determining the concentration of analyte in such samples where both the optical pathlength and the concentration of analyte are unknown. The methods and devices rely on separately determining, at different wavelengths of light, light absorption by the solvent and light absorption by the analyte. Light absorption by the analyte, together with the optical pathlength so determined, is used to calculate the concentration of the analyte. Devices for carrying out the methods particularly advantageously include vertical-beam photometers containing samples disposed within the wells of multi-assay plates, wherein the photometer is able to monitor light absorption of each sample at multiple wavelengths, including in the visible or UV-visible region of the spectrum, as well as in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Novel photometer devices are described which automatically determine the concentration of analytes in such multi-assay plates directly without employing a standard curve.

公开(公告)号：US06320662B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-20

申请号：US09205676

申请日：1998-12-04

申请人： Dean G. Hafeman ,  Calvin T. Chow

发明人： Dean G. Hafeman ,  Calvin T. Chow

IPC分类号： C01N2159

CPC分类号： G01N21/253 ,  G01F22/00 ,  G01N21/3151

摘要： Disclosed are photometric methods and devices for determining optical pathlength of liquid samples containing analytes dissolved or suspended in a solvent. The methods and devices rely on determining a relationship between the light absorption properties of the solvent and the optical pathlength of liquid samples containing the solvent. This relationship is used to establish the optical pathlength for samples containing an unknown concentration of analyte but having similar solvent composition. Further disclosed are methods and devices for determining the concentration of analyte in such samples where both the optical pathlength and the concentration of analyte are unknown. The methods and devices rely on separately determining, at different wavelengths of light, light absorption by the solvent and light absorption by the analyte. Light absorption by the analyte, together with the optical pathlength so determined, is used to calculate the concentration of the analyte. Devices for carrying out the methods particularly advantageously include vertical-beam photometers containing samples disposed within the wells of multi-assay plates, wherein the photometer is able to monitor light absorption of each sample at multiple wavelengths, including in the visible or UV-visible region of the spectrum, as well as in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Novel photometer devices are described which automatically determine the concentration of analytes in such multi-assay plates directly without employing a standard curve.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于确定含有溶解或悬浮在溶剂中的分析物的液体样品的光程长度的光度测定方法和装置。 所述方法和装置依赖于确定溶剂的光吸收性质和含有溶剂的液体样品的光程长度之间的关系。 该关系用于建立含有未知浓度的分析物但具有相似溶剂组成的样品的光程。 进一步公开了用于确定样品中分析物浓度的方法和装置，其中光程长和分析物浓度都是未知的。 方法和装置依赖于在不同波长的光下分别确定溶剂的光吸收和被分析物的光吸收。 被分析物的光吸收以及如此确定的光程长度被用于计算分析物的浓度。 用于实施方法的装置特别有利地包括垂直光束光度计，其包含设置在多测定板的孔内的样品，其中光度计能够监测包括在可见光或可见光区域中的多个波长的每个样品的光吸收 的光谱，以及在电磁光谱的近红外区域。 描述了新的光度计装置，其直接在不使用标准曲线的情况下自动确定这种多测定板中的分析物的浓度。

公开(公告)号：US5766875A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-16

申请号：US379532

申请日：1995-01-31

申请人： Dean G. Hafeman ,  Kimberly L. Crawford ,  Anthony J. Sanchez ,  Henry Garrett Wada

发明人： Dean G. Hafeman ,  Kimberly L. Crawford ,  Anthony J. Sanchez ,  Henry Garrett Wada

IPC分类号： G01N21/25 ,  G01N33/50 ,  C12Q1/02 ,  C12N5/00 ,  C12Q1/00 ,  G01N33/00

CPC分类号： G01N33/5008 ,  G01N21/253 ,  Y10S436/805 ,  Y10S436/809

摘要： The present invention method may be practiced with many different types of biological cells. Biological cells may be either eucaryotic or procaryotic cells. The cells may be in the form of tissue slices or tissue homogenates or may be in the form of suspensions of intact single cells. The intact single cells may be grown in cell culture, as described in the previous examples, or may be obtained from blood, other body fluids, or from tissue biopsy. The cells may be cells containing receptors transfected by recombinant DNA techniques, or alternatively may be cells naturally responding to cell-affecting agents. The cells may be fresh or may have been previously preserved by dehydration, refrigeration, or freezing. When the cells have been preserved, preservative agents (for example dimethylsulfoxide in the case of frozen cells) may be removed prior to measurement of the effect of cell-affecting agents on rates of extracellular acidification. The cells may be either plant cells or animal cells. The cells also may be obtained from fresh or salt water samples. The biological cells also may be microbial cells including bacteria, rickettsia, or mycoplasma. Also, various types of fungi, including yeast, may be employed. Other types of cells include algae, protozoans, and the like. The cells may also be unable to reproduce. That is, the cells may be made synthetically, for example by encapsulation of enzymes capable of causing a change in extracellular acidification upon providing a suitable enzyme substrate.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US93 / 07177。 371日期1995年1月31日 102（e）日期1995年1月31日PCT提交1993年7月30日PCT公布。 出版物WO91 / 03191 日期1994年2月17日本发明方法可以用许多不同类型的生物细胞实施。 生物细胞可以是真核细胞或原核细胞。 细胞可以是组织切片或组织匀浆的形式，或者可以是完整单细胞的悬浮液的形式。 完整的单细胞可以在细胞培养物中生长，如先前实施例所述，或者可以从血液，其他体液或组织活组织检查获得。 细胞可以是含有通过重组DNA技术转染的受体的细胞，或者可以是天然对细胞影响剂反应的细胞。 细胞可能是新鲜的，或者可能已经通过脱水，制冷或冷冻预先保存。 当细胞被保存时，在测量细胞影响剂对细胞外酸化速率的影响之前，可以除去防腐剂（例如冷冻细胞的情况下的二甲基亚砜）。 细胞可以是植物细胞或动物细胞。 细胞还可以从新鲜或盐水样品获得。 生物细胞也可以是微生物细胞，包括细菌，立克次体或支原体。 此外，可以使用各种类型的真菌，包括酵母。 其他类型的细胞包括藻类，原生动物等。 细胞也可能无法繁殖。 也就是说，可以合成制备细胞，例如通过在提供合适的酶底物时包囊能够引起细胞外酸化变化的酶。