公开(公告)号：US08944926B2

公开(公告)日：2015-02-03

申请号：US13914301

申请日：2013-06-10

申请人： Claus Kramer ,  Jochen Stefan

发明人： Claus Kramer ,  Jochen Stefan

IPC分类号： F16C1/04 ,  A61B17/29 ,  A61B17/32 ,  F16D3/20 ,  F16C1/10 ,  A61B17/00

CPC分类号： F16C1/04 ,  A61B17/29 ,  A61B17/32002 ,  A61B2017/00526 ,  A61B2017/0069 ,  A61B2017/2902 ,  A61B2017/2903 ,  A61B2017/2905 ,  A61B2017/2929 ,  A61B2017/320032 ,  F16C1/10 ,  F16C2316/10 ,  F16D3/20 ,  Y10T29/4984

摘要： A transmission device for transmitting a force and a torque between a handling device and a tool of a medical instrument includes transmission members interconnected in a hinged manner. A convex coupling portion of a first transmission member is in each case held interlockingly in a concave coupling portion of an adjacent second transmission member in such a way that a rotation of the first transmission member about its longitudinal axis causes a rotation of the second transmission member about its longitudinal axis. A convex coupling portion of a first transmission member is in each case held interlockingly in a concave coupling portion of an adjacent second transmission member in such a way that a tensile force can be transmitted between the first transmission member and the second transmission member.

摘要翻译： 用于在处理装置和医疗器械的工具之间传递力和扭矩的传动装置包括以铰接方式互连的传动构件。 第一传动构件的凸形联接部分在每种情况下互锁地保持在相邻的第二传动构件的凹形联接部分中，使得第一传动构件围绕其纵向轴线的旋转引起第二传动构件的旋转 关于其纵轴。 第一传动构件的凸联接部分在每种情况下互锁地保持在邻近的第二传动构件的凹形联接部分中，使得张力可以在第一传动构件和第二传动构件之间传递。

公开(公告)号：US06323562B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-27

申请号：US09355007

申请日：1999-07-21

申请人： Stefan Renner ,  Claus Kramer ,  Karl-Otto Schmidt ,  Uwe Daurer

发明人： Stefan Renner ,  Claus Kramer ,  Karl-Otto Schmidt ,  Uwe Daurer

IPC分类号： F02N1100

CPC分类号： F02N11/0851 ,  F02N11/087 ,  F02N15/067 ,  F02N2200/045 ,  F02N2200/047 ,  F02N2200/066

摘要： A circuit arrangement for an engagement relay of a starter mechanism of an internal combustion engine, for bringing two gearwheels in engagement, the circuit arrangement having a switching element which reduces a relay current after a first time period before meshing of the two gear wheels to a determined current value during a second time period, the switching element being formed as a controlling and regulating device which increases a relay current to a predetermined value to a third time period which starts when one gear wheel reaches the other gear wheel.

摘要翻译： 一种用于内燃机的起动机构的接合继电器的电路装置，用于使两个齿轮接合，所述电路装置具有开关元件，该开关元件在两个齿轮啮合之前的第一时间段之后减小继电器电流 在第二时间段内确定的电流值，开关元件形成为控制和调节装置，其将继电器电流增加到一个齿轮到达另一个齿轮时开始的预定值至第三时间段。

公开(公告)号：US5609140A

公开(公告)日：1997-03-11

申请号：US550491

申请日：1995-10-30

申请人： Claus Kramer ,  Armin-Maria Verhagen ,  Dietrich Trachte ,  Gerhard Keuper

发明人： Claus Kramer ,  Armin-Maria Verhagen ,  Dietrich Trachte ,  Gerhard Keuper

IPC分类号： F02M37/08 ,  F02D41/14 ,  F02D41/30 ,  F02D41/32 ,  F02D41/34 ,  F02D41/38 ,  F02D45/00 ,  F02M37/04 ,  F02M41/00

CPC分类号： F02D41/3845 ,  F02D41/1401 ,  F02D41/3082 ,  F02D2041/1415 ,  F02D2041/1416 ,  F02D2041/1433 ,  F02D2200/0604

摘要： In a fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine, significant parameters such as fuel pressure and fuel flow rate are determined continuously from measured variables with the aid of an observer. These variables which have been determined are used to achieve fuel delivery performed with regard to a requirement, the control operations being carried out as a function of requirements of the internal combustion engine by the control unit itself.

摘要翻译： 在用于内燃机的燃料供应系统中，借助于观察者，从测量的变量连续地确定诸如燃料压力和燃料流量之类的重要参数。 已经确定的这些变量用于实现关于要求执行的燃料输送，控制操作由控制单元本身作为内燃机的要求进行。

公开(公告)号：US5457362A

公开(公告)日：1995-10-10

申请号：US211963

申请日：1994-04-21

申请人： Rainer Bitzer ,  Claus Kramer ,  Arnold Winter

发明人： Rainer Bitzer ,  Claus Kramer ,  Arnold Winter

IPC分类号： H02N2/00 ,  H01L41/04 ,  H02N2/06 ,  H02N2/14 ,  H01L41/08

CPC分类号： H02N2/14 ,  H02N2/142

摘要： In a method for controlling the frequency of a traveling wave motor, in which an actual value proportional to the actual frequency of the excitation alternating voltage of the traveling wave motor (10) is obtained from the amplitude of an alternating voltage (sense voltage) tapped from the amplitude of a stator (11) of the traveling wave motor (10). The actual value is compared with the desired frequency of the proportional desired value and the excitation frequency is corrected with the deviation which was subjected to suitable control algorithm. In order to stop the traveling wave motor (10) at a stable operating point at maximal performance, the desired value is derived from the amplitude modulation of the sense voltage. This desired value is obtained in a superimposed control loop in which the sense voltage is demodulated, rectified and compared with a predetermined desired amplitude modulation value. The comparative difference is fed to a controller (21), whose control value taken at its output, represents the desired value (1).

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE92 / 00749 Sec。 371日期1994年04月21日 102（e）日期1994年4月21日PCT提交1992年9月4日PCT公布。 公开号WO93 / 08607 日期：1993年4月29日。在一种用于控制行波电动机的频率的方法中，其中与行波电动机（10）的激励交流电压的实际频率成比例的实际值从 从行波电动机（10）的定子（11）的振幅中抽出的交流电压（感测电压）。 将实际值与比例期望值的期望频率进行比较，并且用经过适当控制算法的偏差校正激励频率。 为了在最大性能的稳定工作点停止行波电动机（10），从感测电压的幅度调制导出期望值。 在该感应电压被解调，整流并与预定的期望幅度调制值进行比较的叠加控制回路中获得该期望值。 比较差被馈送到控制器（21），其控制值在其输出处获取，表示期望值（1）。

公开(公告)号：US06308674B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-30

申请号：US09423330

申请日：1999-11-05

申请人： Walter Ruehle ,  Claus Kramer ,  Wolfgang Seils ,  Dieter Schramm

发明人： Walter Ruehle ,  Claus Kramer ,  Wolfgang Seils ,  Dieter Schramm

IPC分类号： F02N1108

CPC分类号： F02N11/087 ,  F02N11/0851 ,  F02N2011/0874 ,  F02N2200/047

摘要： The invention relates to a cranking device for internal combustion engines, having a starter motor whose starter pinion initially shifts into the gear ring of the engine with a starting signal via an engagement magnet, before the starter motor trips the cranking process with full force. The shifting of the starter pinion and the switching of the starter motor are improved by providing that the starter motor (SM) with the starting signal (st) drives the starter pinion initially via a protective resistor (Rvor) with reduced torque, and the engagement magnet (EM) shifts it into the gear ring of the engine, and that after that, the engagement magnet (EM) presses the starter pinion all the way into the gear ring of the engine, and the starter motor (SM) turns the engine over with full torque by bypassing the protective resistor (Rvor).

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于内燃机的起动装置，其具有起动电动机，起动电动机在启动电动机以全部力量起动起动过程之前，通过一个接合磁铁起动信号，起动小齿轮初始地移动到发动机的齿圈中。 通过提供具有起动信号（st）的起动电动机（SM）起动地通过具有减小的转矩的保护电阻（Rvor）驱动起动器小齿轮来改善起动小齿轮的变速和起动电动机的切换，并且接合 磁铁（EM）将其移动到发动机的齿轮环中，之后，接合磁体（EM）将起动小齿轮一直压入发动机的齿轮环，起动电动机（SM）将发动机 通过旁路保护电阻（Rvor）完全转矩。

公开(公告)号：US6104157A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-15

申请号：US146144

申请日：1998-09-03

申请人： Claus Kramer ,  Wolfgang Seils ,  Henning Stoecklein ,  Jan Freitag

发明人： Claus Kramer ,  Wolfgang Seils ,  Henning Stoecklein ,  Jan Freitag

IPC分类号： F02D41/22 ,  F02N11/08 ,  H02P1/16

CPC分类号： F02N11/0851 ,  F02N11/087 ,  F02N11/106 ,  F02D2041/2075 ,  F02D41/22 ,  F02N2011/0874 ,  F02N2200/045 ,  F02N2300/102

摘要： The apparatus for controlling an electrical starter motor for cranking a cranking mechanism of an internal combustion engine to start the engine includes a circuit for making an electrical connection between a voltage source and the starter motor by which the starter motor is coupled with a cranking gear of the engine by means of a shiftable transmission when the circuit is energized and an electronic control unit for controlling at least one of a voltage, a current and an on-time of the electrical starter motor in a stepwise manner in a two-stage control process including a first stage in which the starter motor is coupled with the cranking gear and operated at a reduced rotation speed to reduce wear. The electronic control unit is electrically connected between the voltage source and the starter motor and is an electronic relay that includes a central processing unit and at least two electronic power switches for switching the voltage of the starter motor.

摘要翻译： 用于控制用于启动内燃机的起动机构以启动发动机的电动起动电动机的装置包括用于在电压源和起动电动机之间进行电连接的电路，起动电动机通过该电路与起动电动机联接， 所述发动机通过在所述电路通电时的可移动传动装置和用于在所述两级控制过程中以逐步方式控制所述起动电动机的电压，电流和导通时间中的至少一个的电子控制单元 包括起动马达与起动齿轮联接并以降低的转速操作以减少磨损的第一阶段。 电子控制单元电连接在电压源和起动电动机之间，并且是电子继电器，其包括中央处理单元和用于切换起动电动机电压的至少两个电子开关。

公开(公告)号：US5159224A

公开(公告)日：1992-10-27

申请号：US708650

申请日：1991-05-30

申请人： Claus Kramer ,  Bernd Taubitz ,  Karl-Heinz Haegele

发明人： Claus Kramer ,  Bernd Taubitz ,  Karl-Heinz Haegele

IPC分类号： H02N2/00 ,  H01L41/09 ,  H02N2/12 ,  H02N2/16 ,  H02N10/00

CPC分类号： H02N2/16

摘要： A vibration motor having a disk-shaped stator containing a piezoelectric excitation system, a disk-shaped rotor aligned parallel to the stator and mounted on a driven shaft in a manner fixed against relative rotation, and a pressing element that presses the rotor and stator together axially. To assure free travel of the driven shaft when the motor is currentless, the pressing element is embodied as a force-transmitting element that changes shape as a function of temperature, for instance a compression spring of memory metal. In motor operation, the element is kept at a temperature above its temperature point for the shape change, and it is disposed such that the pressing force between the rotor and stator diminishes as a result of the shape change ensuing if the temperature drops below this temperature point.

摘要翻译： 一种振动电动机，其具有包含压电激励系统的圆盘状定子，平行于定子并且以相对旋转固定的方式安装在从动轴上的圆盘状转子，以及将转子和定子压在一起的按压元件 轴向。 为了确保当电动机无电流时从动轴的自由行进，按压元件被实施为作为温度变化的形状的力传递元件，例如存储金属的压缩弹簧。 在电动机运行中，元件保持在高于其温度点的温度以进行形状变化，并且它被设置成使得如果温度降到该温度以下，随着形状变化的结果，转子和定子之间的按压力将减小 点。

公开(公告)号：US08786388B2

公开(公告)日：2014-07-22

申请号：US13126298

申请日：2009-10-27

申请人： Houman Ramezanian ,  Claus Kramer ,  Michael Froehlich-Schlapp

发明人： Houman Ramezanian ,  Claus Kramer ,  Michael Froehlich-Schlapp

IPC分类号： H01H1/00 ,  H01H67/02 ,  H01H50/54 ,  H01H50/60

CPC分类号： H01H50/54 ,  H01H1/06 ,  H01H1/18 ,  H01H50/546 ,  H01H50/60 ,  H01H51/065

摘要： The invention relates to an electromagnetic switch (16) for a starting device (10), comprising two contacts (180, 181) that are electroconductively inter-connected by a mobile contact bridge (184). At least one of the two contacts (180, 181) preferably comprises a contact surface (300) fixed to a contact stud (150, 151). According to the invention, a) the contact surface (300) is at least essentially flat, and an edge (279) of the contact bridge (180, 181), is arranged in such a way that, (184), providing electrical contact between the contact bridge (184) and the contact once it has come into contact with the contact surface (300), it enables a linear contact between the contact (189, 181) and the contact bridge (184), or b) the contact surface (300) comprises bumps lying essentially in one plane, and an edge (279) of the contact bridge (184), providing electrical contact between the contact bridge (184) and the contact (180, 181), is arranged in such a way that, once it comes into contact with the contact surface (300), it enables essentially a multiple-point contact between the contact (180, 181) and the contact bridge (184), or c) a surface (318) of the contact bridge (184), oriented towards the contact (180, 181), and a longitudinal axis (312) of the contact stud (150, 151), form an angle (β) oriented towards a central axis (315) of the switch (16) and larger than 90°, or d) a surface (318) of the contact bridge (184), oriented towards the contact (180, 181), and a longitudinal axis (312) of the contact stud (150, 151), form an angle (β) which is radially outwardly oriented towards a central axis (315) of the switch (16) and is larger than 90°. The invention also relates to a method for switching an electromagnetic switch, preferably a starting device (10), comprising two contacts (180, 181) that are connected by a mobile contact bridge (184). When the contact bridge (184) is contacted by at least one of the two contacts (180, 181), a rubbing movement is generated between the contact bridge (184) and the contact surface (300) of the contact (180, 181).

公开(公告)号：US20110279202A1

公开(公告)日：2011-11-17

申请号：US13126298

申请日：2009-10-27

申请人： Houman Ramezanian ,  Claus Kramer ,  Michael Froehlich-Schlapp

发明人： Houman Ramezanian ,  Claus Kramer ,  Michael Froehlich-Schlapp

IPC分类号： H01H1/06

CPC分类号： H01H50/54 ,  H01H1/06 ,  H01H1/18 ,  H01H50/546 ,  H01H50/60 ,  H01H51/065

摘要： The invention relates to an electromagnetic switch (16) for a starting device (10), comprising two contacts (180, 181) that are electroconductively inter-connected by a mobile contact bridge (184). At least one of the two contacts (180, 181) preferably comprises a contact surface (300) fixed to a contact stud (150, 151). According to the invention, a) the contact surface (300) is at least essentially flat, and an edge (279) of the contact bridge (180, 181), is arranged in such a way that, (184), providing electrical contact between the contact bridge (184) and the contact once it has come into contact with the contact surface (300), it enables a linear contact between the contact (189, 181) and the contact bridge (184), or b) the contact sur face (300) comprises bumps lying essentially in one plane, and an edge (279) of the contact bridge (184), providing electrical contact between the contact bridge (184) and the contact (180, 181), is arranged in such a way that, once it comes into contact with the contact surface (300), it enables essentially a multiple-point contact between the contact (180, 181) and the contact bridge (184), or c) a surface (318) of the contact bridge (184), oriented towards the contact (180, 181), and a longitudinal axis (312) of the contact stud (150, 151), form an angle (B) oriented towards a central axis (315) of the switch (16) and larger than 90°, or d) a surface (318) of the contact bridge (184), oriented towards the contact (180, 181), and a longitudinal axis (312) of the contact stud (150, 151), form an angle (B) which is radially outwardly oriented towards a central axis (315) of the switch (16) and is larger than 90°. The invention also relates to a method for switching an electromagnetic switch, preferably a starting device (10), comprising two contacts (180, 181) that are connected by a mobile contact bridge (184). When the contact bridge (184) is contacted by at least one of the two contacts (180, 181), a rubbing movement is generated between the contact bridge (184) and the contact surface (300) of the contact (180, 181).

公开(公告)号：US20090128266A1

公开(公告)日：2009-05-21

申请号：US12267144

申请日：2008-11-07

申请人： Claus KRAMER ,  Samir Mahfoudh

发明人： Claus KRAMER ,  Samir Mahfoudh

IPC分类号： H01H9/02

CPC分类号： H01H51/065 ,  H01H50/023 ,  H01H2009/048

摘要： An electromagnetic switch is described as including a starter relay, in particular, for an electrical starter motor for controlling a starter pinion when starting an internal combustion engine, having a housing, an armature electromagnetically controllable therein, for controlling a control lever, and having a flexible protective cap which seals a transition from the housing to the armature, the protective cap being developed to be pot-shaped and having a pot floor and a pot opening, the pot floor having a circular opening having a thickened ring for the form-locking connection to the armature, and the pot opening being developed reinforced at its circumferential edge for the form-locking connection to the housing, the pot floor having a setpoint bending region, as seen in cross section. In order to create a small installation space, the protective cap has an arrangement or structure, on its inner wall, for connecting to the housing, which are able to be connected to the housing in a form-locking manner.

摘要翻译： 电磁开关被描述为包括起动继电器，特别是用于起动内燃机时用于控制起动器小齿轮的起动电动机，具有壳体，电磁控制在其中的电枢，用于控制控制杆，并具有 柔性保护盖，其密封从壳体到电枢的过渡，保护盖被开发成盆形并具有锅底和壶开口，锅底具有圆形开口，具有用于形成锁定的增厚环 连接到电枢，并且在其圆周边缘处开发加强的罐开口用于与壳体的成形锁定连接，所述锅底具有设定点弯曲区域，如横截面所示。 为了产生小的安装空间，保护盖在其内壁上具有用于连接到壳体的布置或结构，其能够以锁定方式连接到壳体。