摘要:
A renewable fuel may be obtained from a bio-oil containing C3-C5 oxygenates. In a first step, the bio-oil is subjected to a condensation reaction in which the oxygenates undergo a carbon-carbon bond forming reaction to produce a stream containing C6+ oxygenates. In a second step, the stream is hydrotreated to produce C6+ hydrocarbons.
摘要:
An improved biomass feed system and processes for transporting biomass to downstream processing locations are disclosed. The system uses a pressurized gas to assist in the transporting of the biomass to the conversion reactor.
摘要:
A multi-functional catalyst for the conversion of biomass contains zeolite ZSM-5, zeolite USY, a metallic component, a basic material and a binder. The metallic component may be Cu, Ni, Cr, W, Mo, a metal carbide, a metal nitride, a metal sulfide or a mixture thereof. The basic material may be an alkaline-exchanged zeolite or an alkaline earth-exchanged zeolite having from about 40 to about 75% of exchanged cationic sites.
摘要:
A process for treating bio-oil or pyrolysis oil used to produce renewable biofuel. In a first stage, solids and/or organic reactive molecules within the feedstream are reduced without substantially deoxygenating the organic reactive molecules in the feedstream. The resulting feedstream is then introduced into a second hydrotreatment stage to produce deoxygenated bio-oil or pyrolysis oil.
摘要:
Disclosed is a process for recovering a water-soluble complex mixture of organic compounds from an aqueous stream through extraction and/or through contact of the aqueous stream with a sorbent or sorbents selected from the group consisting of polymeric microreticular sorbent resins, zeolite-based adsorbents, clay-based adsorbents, activated carbon-based sorbents, and mixtures thereof; and including methods to recover the removed organic compounds.
摘要:
A renewable fuel may be obtained from a bio-oil containing C3-C5 oxygenates. In a first step, the bio-oil is subjected to a condensation reaction in which the oxygenates undergo a carbon-carbon bond forming reaction to produce a stream containing C6+ oxygenates. In a second step, the stream is hydrotreated to produce C6+ hydrocarbons.
摘要:
A process and system for separating and upgrading bio-oil into renewable fuels is provided. The process comprises separating bio-oil into a light fraction and heavy fraction based on their boiling points. The heavy fraction is then subjected to hydrotreatment, while the light fraction is not subjected to hydrotreatment. At least a portion of the un-hydrotreated light fraction and at least a portion of the hydrotreated heavy fraction are blended with petroleum-derived gasoline to thereby provide a renewable gasoline, and at least a portion of the hydrotreated heavy fraction is blended with petroleum-derived diesel to thereby provide a renewable diesel.
摘要:
A two-stage reactor/process is disclosed for the conversion of solid particulate biomass material and includes: a first stage, in which solid particulate biomass material is pyrolyzed to primary reaction products, and a second stage in which the primary reaction products are catalytically converted in a second stage which is operated at a temperature higher than that of the first stage.