公开(公告)号：US07028655B2

公开(公告)日：2006-04-18

申请号：US10917484

申请日：2004-08-13

Applicant: Kazuhiro Wakao ,  Kazuhiro Sakurai

Inventor： Kazuhiro Wakao ,  Kazuhiro Sakurai

IPC: F02N17/00

CPC classification number: F02M27/00

Abstract: The internal combustion engine includes a reformer for reforming a fuel air mixture of a predetermined fuel and air to produce a reformed fuel, a bypass pipe for supplying air to the reformer, an on-off valve provided in the bypass pipe, and an ECU. The ECU makes the on-off valve open to start a fuel reforming operation in the reformer when a pressure at a position downstream of the on-off valve is lower than a pressure at a position upstream of the on-off valve.

Abstract translation: 内燃机包括重整器，用于对预定燃料和空气的燃料空气混合物进行重整以产生重整燃料，用于向重整器供给空气的旁通管，设置在旁通管中的开关阀和ECU。 当开关阀下游的压力低于开关阀上游位置的压力时，ECU使开关阀打开，开始重整器中的燃料重整操作。

公开(公告)号：US06474316B1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-05

申请号：US09980003

申请日：2001-11-27

Applicant: Teruyasu Yamaguchi

Inventor： Teruyasu Yamaguchi

IPC: F02M2704

CPC classification number: F02M27/00 ,  F02M27/02

Abstract: A fuel reforming device comprising a fuel lead-in pipe, a forward travel fuel pipe wound spirally toward a first direction with a spiral diameter gradually decreasing, a flow direction reversing pipe for reversing the direction of fuel flow from the forward travel fuel pipe in a second direction opposite to the first direction, a backward travel fuel pipe wound spirally toward the second direction with a spiral diameter gradually increasing in a winding direction opposite to that of the forward travel fuel pipe, and a fuel lead-out pipe, wherein a filler containing a silicon compound is placed around the forward travel fuel pipe, the flow direction reversing pipe and the backward travel fuel pipe. The fuel reforming device makes it possible to greatly reduce exhaust smoke and nitrogen oxides, to reduce other components such as carbon dioxide, and to improve the output and the rate of consumption of fuel for engines using reformed fuel.

Abstract translation: 一种燃料重整装置，其特征在于，包括燃料引入管，螺旋形螺旋形地向螺旋状卷绕螺旋直径而逐渐减少的前进行驶燃料管，用于使来自所述前方行驶燃料管的燃料流的方向反转的流向反向管 与第一方向相反的第二方向，向与第一方向相反的卷绕方向上以螺旋直径逐渐增加的向第二方向螺旋状的向后行驶燃料管，以及燃料导出管，其中填充物 包含硅化合物被放置在前行驶燃料管，流向反转管和后行驶燃料管周围。 燃料重整装置可以大大减少排气烟和氮氧化物，以减少二氧化碳等其他成分，并提高使用重整燃料的发动机的燃料的输出和消耗率。

公开(公告)号：US20020121088A1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-05

申请号：US10142684

申请日：2002-05-10

Inventor： Anthony C. Zuppero ,  Jawahar M. Gidwani

IPC: F15B021/12

CPC classification number: H01L29/66 ,  F02M27/00 ,  H02N2/18 ,  H02N11/002 ,  H02S99/00 ,  Y10S136/291

Abstract: An apparatus and method for extracting energy is provided. In one aspect the method includes using chemical reactions to generate vibrationally excited molecules, such as high-quantum-number-vibrationally-excited gas molecules in a region. The vibration energy in the vibrationally excited molecules is converted into hot electrons when the excited molecules contact a conductor. A geometry is provided so that the excited molecules may travel, diffuse or wander into a conductor before loosing a useful fraction of the vibrational energy. Optionally, the generating and the converting process may be thermally separated, at least in part. The short lived hot electrons are converted into longer lived entities such as carriers and potentials in a semiconductor, where the energy is converted into a useful form.

Abstract translation: 提供一种提取能量的装置和方法。 在一个方面，该方法包括使用化学反应来产生振动激发的分子，例如区域中的高量子数振动激发的气体分子。 当激发的分子接触导体时，振动激发的分子中的振动能量被转换成热电子。 提供几何形状，使得激发的分子可能在松动有用部分的振动能量之前行进，漫射或漫游到导体中。 可选地，生成和转换过程可以至少部分地热分离。 短寿命的热电子被转换成更长寿命的实体，例如半导体中的载流子和电势，其中能量被转换成有用的形式。

公开(公告)号：US06267883B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-31

申请号：US09450283

申请日：1999-11-26

Applicant: Roy J. Weaver ,  Robert O. Crane

Inventor： Roy J. Weaver ,  Robert O. Crane

IPC: C02F146

CPC classification number: C02F1/48 ,  C02F1/4602 ,  F02M27/00

Abstract: A water and fuel conditioning device includes a core or casting made of 40-66% copper, 2-30% zinc, 10-25% nickel, 2-5% tin, 0-1.5% iron and 0-2% lead, all percentages being by weight. Water flowing in contact with this core exhibits greater electrical charge than with prior art devices. The same composition is effective as a fuel conditioner to reduce emissions. In both applications, the near absence of lead has environmental advantages.

Abstract translation: 水和燃料调节装置包括由40-66％铜，2-30％锌，10-25％镍，2-5％锡，0-1.5％铁和0-2％铅制成的芯或铸件，全部 百分比以重量计。 与该芯接触的水比现有技术的装置表现出更大的电荷。 相同的组合物作为燃料调节剂有效地减少排放。 在这两种应用中，不存在铅具有环境优势。

公开(公告)号：US4004554A

公开(公告)日：1977-01-25

申请号：US551382

申请日：1975-02-20

Applicant: Katuaki Kosaka ,  Zene Ueno ,  Tadahiko Nagaoka

Inventor： Katuaki Kosaka ,  Zene Ueno ,  Tadahiko Nagaoka

IPC: F02M27/02 ,  F02B43/10 ,  F02M25/022 ,  F02M27/00 ,  F02B43/08

CPC classification number: F02M27/00 ,  F02B43/10 ,  Y02T10/32 ,  Y10S123/12

Abstract: A free hydrogen containing gas is produced from a fuel by a self-operating or -perpetuating expander in which a working member compresses a base mixture of fuel, oxygen or air and water during the compression stroke thereof. The base mixture is heated, after being compressed, by a flame resulting from combustion of a combustible mixture in a combustion chamber to convert the fuel into the gas, and the gas expands to perform work on the working member which accumulates power for the compression stroke of the working member.

Abstract translation: 通过自动操作或失效的膨胀机由燃料产生含游离氢的气体，其中工作构件在其压缩冲程期间压缩燃料，氧气或空气和水的基础混合物。 基础混合物被压缩后，由燃烧室内的可燃混合物的燃烧引起的火焰加热，将燃料转化为气体，并且气体膨胀以对工作部件进行加压，该工作部件累积用于压缩冲程的动力 的工作成员。

公开(公告)号：US3971847A

公开(公告)日：1976-07-27

申请号：US553687

申请日：1975-02-27

Applicant: John Houseman

Inventor： John Houseman

IPC: B01F3/04 ,  B01F5/00 ,  B01F5/02 ,  B01F13/10 ,  B01F15/06 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C02F1/04 ,  F02B43/00 ,  F02M27/00 ,  C01B1/13

CPC classification number: F02M27/00 ,  B01F3/04049 ,  B01F5/0057 ,  B01F5/02 ,  C01B3/363 ,  C02F1/04 ,  F02B43/00 ,  B01F2013/1052 ,  B01F2015/062 ,  B01F2215/0086 ,  Y02P20/129 ,  Y02T10/32

Abstract: A process and apparatus is described for producing a hydrogen rich gas by introducing a liquid hydrocarbon fuel in the form of a spray into a partial oxidation region and mixing with a mixture of steam and air that is preheated by indirect heat exchange with the formed hydrogen rich gas, igniting the hydrocarbon fuel spray mixed with the preheated mixture of steam and air within the partial oxidation region to form a hydrogen rich gas. The apparatus for performing the process is in the form of a bell-shaped chamber which consists of an open cylinder wherein a partial oxidation reaction takes place. An air pasageway and a pipe for injecting water into the passageway are provided for forming a steam-air mixture. The air is preheated indirectly by the heat generated as a result of igniting a hydrocarbon fuel spray and thus the water is converted into steam when injected into the preheated air. The air-steam mixture is then conducted through a region of the hydrogen generator where a plurality of pipes are spaced and arranged to provide a heat exchange baffle. These pipes conduct the hydrogen rich gas after it has been generated in the open cylinder.

Abstract translation: 描述了一种用于通过将喷雾形式的液体烃燃料引入部分氧化区域并与蒸汽和空气的混合物混合来生产富氢气体的方法和装置，所述混合物通过间接热交换预热而形成的富氢 点燃与预热的部分氧化区域内蒸汽和空气混合物的烃燃料喷雾，形成富氢气体。 用于执行该过程的装置是形成一个钟形室，其形式为一个开放的气缸，其中发生部分氧化反应。 提供空气通道和用于将水注入通道的管道，用于形成蒸汽 - 空气混合物。 通过点燃烃燃料喷雾产生的热量间接地预热空气，因此当注入预热空气时，水被转化为蒸汽。 然后将空气 - 蒸汽混合物通过氢气发生器的区域，其中多个管道间隔开并布置成提供热交换挡板。 这些管道在开放气瓶中产生后，会导入富氢气体。

公开(公告)号：US3943407A

公开(公告)日：1976-03-09

申请号：US384464

申请日：1973-08-01

Applicant: Robert E. Bolasny

Inventor： Robert E. Bolasny

IPC: B05B5/00 ,  B01D53/32 ,  B01J19/08 ,  B05B17/06 ,  F01N3/08 ,  F02M27/00 ,  F02M27/04 ,  H01J3/04 ,  H01J27/00 ,  H01J27/02 ,  H01T14/00 ,  H01T23/00 ,  H05H7/08 ,  H05F3/04

CPC classification number: H01T23/00 ,  F01N3/0892 ,  F02M27/00 ,  F02M27/04 ,  Y10S422/906 ,  Y10S422/907

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing ions wherein an ion generator produces periodic pulses of electric energy of a single polarity for some applications and alternating positive and negative polarities for other applications. A plurality of the electric pulses are limited in amplitude by a substantially sinusoidal half-wave envelope and the positive and negative pulses are preferably of different amplitudes. The ground electrode is arranged about and upstream and downstream of the ionizing electrode to provide a highly effective electric field substantially normal to the gas flow. A heater heats the gas to increase ionization. An ultrasonic sound wave generator pulses the gas with sound waves prior to, during or after ionization of the gas to group the ions of a like charge in distinct pressure wave fronts or distinct areas so as to reduce recombination of ions thereby making more ions available per volume and also increasing the total energy of the ions produced. Multiple sound wave generators increase the energy of the base frequency or selected harmonics. An inlet passage to the generator of a selected length increases the energy. A discharge passage of a selected length reinforces and/or eliminates selected harmonics. A discharge nozzle with angularly inclined and outwardly enlarged venturis cool the heated ionized gas.

Abstract translation: 用于产生离子的方法和装置，其中离子发生器为某些应用产生单个极性的电能的周期性脉冲，并且对于其它应用产生交替的正极性和负极性。 多个电脉冲的幅度受到基本上正弦的半波包络的限制，正和负脉冲优选地具有不同的振幅。 接地电极布置在电离电极的周围和上游和下游，以提供基本上垂直于气体流动的高效电场。 加热器加热气体以增加电离。 超声波波发生器在气体离子化之前，之中或之后用声波脉冲气体，以将不同压力波前或不同区域中的类似电荷的离子组合，以便减少离子的复合，从而使更多的离子可用于每个 体积也增加产生的离子的总能量。 多个声波发生器增加了基频或所选谐波的能量。 到所选发生器的入口通道增加了能量。 所选长度的排放通道加强和/或消除所选择的谐波。 具有角度倾斜和向外扩大的venturis的排出喷嘴冷却加热的电离气体。

公开(公告)号：US3669420A

公开(公告)日：1972-06-13

申请号：US3669420D

申请日：1971-11-17

Applicant: AUTOMOTIVE EXHAUST CONTROL COR

Inventor： LOUDENSLAGER RAY D

IPC: F02M7/28 ,  F02M27/00 ,  F02M7/24

CPC classification number: F02M7/28 ,  F02M27/00 ,  Y10S261/19

Abstract: A generally sealed, thermally insulated diffusion chamber is coupled via a capillary tube to the fuel bowl of an automotive internal combustion engine with the capillary tube terminating at the upstream end of the diffusion chamber in a fuel jet nozzle which directs fuel into a venturi leading into the diffusion chamber. A plurality of small air inlet holes upstream of the venturi intersects the fuel leaving the jet nozzle to effect a low temperature thermally and molecularly changed air fuel mixture which is highly diffused and which is delivered by means of insulated tubing from the diffusion chamber to the intake manifold downstream of the carburetor under a delayed or partially retained action, greatly reducing exhaust emissions, especially during deceleration of the vehicle.

Abstract translation: 通常密封的绝热扩散室通过毛细管耦合到汽车内燃机的燃料碗，毛细管终止于扩散室的上游端，在燃料喷嘴中，其将燃料引导到文丘里管中，导入 扩散室。 文丘里管上游的多个小空气入口孔与离开喷嘴的燃料相交，以实现高温扩散的低温热分解变化的空气燃料混合物，并通过绝缘管道从扩散室输送到进气口 在延迟或部分保留的作用下在化油器的下游歧管，大大减少排气，特别是在车辆减速期间。

公开(公告)号：US1795037A

公开(公告)日：1931-03-03

申请号：US19900327

申请日：1927-06-15

Applicant: LE CARBONE SA

Inventor： FREDERIC PORTAIL FERNAND CHARL

IPC: F02M27/00 ,  F02M27/02 ,  F02M31/18

CPC classification number: F02M27/00 ,  F02M27/02 ,  F02M31/18 ,  F02M2700/4345 ,  Y02T10/126

公开(公告)号：US20180283262A1

公开(公告)日：2018-10-04

申请号：US15475383

申请日：2017-03-31

Applicant: Saudi Arabian Oil Company

Inventor： Junseok Chang ,  Jaeheon Sim ,  Seung-Hak Choi

IPC: F02B11/02 ,  F02M35/10 ,  F02M26/14 ,  F02D41/00 ,  F02B75/10 ,  F02D43/04 ,  F02D41/06 ,  B60K13/02

CPC classification number: F02B11/02 ,  B60K13/02 ,  F02B3/08 ,  F02B11/00 ,  F02B75/10 ,  F02D41/0002 ,  F02D41/0047 ,  F02D41/005 ,  F02D41/062 ,  F02D41/064 ,  F02D41/068 ,  F02D41/3017 ,  F02D43/04 ,  F02D2041/3052 ,  F02D2250/36 ,  F02M25/00 ,  F02M25/10 ,  F02M25/12 ,  F02M26/14 ,  F02M27/00 ,  F02M35/10301 ,  Y02T10/47

Abstract: A gasoline compression ignition engine, a vehicle and a method of operating a gasoline compression ignition engine. An inlet air management system includes a membrane-based separator and an exhaust gas recirculation flowpath that cooperate to deliver a nitrogen enriched air stream to the engine to help reduce exhaust gas emissions. The separator segregates the incoming air into the nitrogen enriched air stream as well as an oxygen enriched air stream such that the latter can be used for various engine load conditions, as well as for supplemental air for a cabin or related passenger compartment within a vehicle that is powered by the engine. Significantly, during an increase in engine load not associated with the cold start and warm-up conditions, the nitrogen enriched air supply that is used for the exhaust gas emissions reduction is provided at least partially by the nitrogen enriched air stream from the separator, as well as increasingly by the nitrogen enriched combustion product stream from the exhaust gas recirculation flowpath.