公开(公告)号：US09201002B2

公开(公告)日：2015-12-01

申请号：US13519027

申请日：2010-12-27

Applicant: James T. Russell

Inventor： James T. Russell

IPC: G01N21/35 ,  A61B5/083 ,  G01N21/3504

CPC classification number: G01N21/35 ,  A61B5/0836 ,  G01N21/3504

Abstract: Gas within a ventilation circuit (12) is analyzed by a spectrometer included in gas measurement module (16) that is inserted into the respiratory circuit. The gas measurement module includes an infrared source and a movable filter member comprising at least two filter elements. The optical path length of the spectrometer is reduced. This includes removing optical components configured to collimate or focus electromagnetic radiation within the spectrometer. However, path length of the spectrometer is reduced to the point that other enhancements associated with path length reduction outweigh losses to precision and/or accuracy caused by beam expansion in the spectrometer.

Abstract translation: 通气回路（12）内的气体由插入呼吸回路中的气体测量模块（16）中的光谱仪分析。 气体测量模块包括红外源和包括至少两个过滤元件的可移动过滤器构件。 光谱仪的光程长度减小。 这包括去除被配置为准直或聚焦光谱仪内的电磁辐射的光学部件。 然而，光谱仪的路径长度减小到与路径长度减小相关的其他增强值超过光谱仪中的光束扩展引起的精度和/或精度的损失。

公开(公告)号：US08477311B2

公开(公告)日：2013-07-02

申请号：US13128799

申请日：2009-11-02

Applicant: James T. Russell

Inventor： James T. Russell

IPC: G01N21/25

CPC classification number: G01N21/255 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0202 ,  G01J3/0235 ,  G01J3/36 ,  G01J2003/1213 ,  G01J2003/1226 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N2021/317

Abstract: A filter wheel and a spectrometer including the filter wheel are disclosed. The filter wheel has a first support structure on which a first plurality of filters are mounted and a second support structure on which at least one filter is provided. A radiation source generates a radiation beam, and a beam splitter splits the radiation beam into a first detection path and a second detection path. The first plurality of filters are selectively movable into the first detection path. The at least one filter on the second support structure is arranged to be disposed in the second detection path. The spectrometer includes a first radiation detector that detects radiation that passes through the selected filter in the first detection path, and a second radiation detector that detects radiation passing through the filter in the second detection path.

公开(公告)号：US07705313B1

公开(公告)日：2010-04-27

申请号：US11582251

申请日：2006-10-17

Applicant: James T. Russell

Inventor： James T. Russell

IPC: G01J5/02

CPC classification number: G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/274 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N2021/3137 ,  G01N2021/3166

Abstract: An optical sensor is configured to determine an amount of at least one material in a sample without interference from any of the material of interest present in an ambient environment in which the optical sensing is effected. The optical sensor may include a compensation detector positioned a different distance apart from a source of monitoring radiation than the distance that a primary, measurement detector is positioned from the source. Alternatively, the optical sensor may include an optically transparent material that consumes space within the sensor and, thus, eliminates ambient amounts of a material of interest from at least a portion of an optical pathway through the sensor. A calibration element transmits calibration radiation to one or more detectors of an optical sensor to facilitate correction of any changes in the manner in which the one or more detectors sense radiation. Optical sensing methods are also disclosed, as are calibration methods.

Abstract translation: 光学传感器被配置为确定样本中的至少一种材料的量，而不受来自在其中进行光学感测的周围环境中存在的任何感兴趣的材料的干扰。 该光学传感器可以包括一个补偿检测器，该补偿检测器定位在远离监测辐射源的不同距离上，而不是主要的测量检测器从源头定位的距离。 或者，光学传感器可以包括光学透明材料，其消耗传感器内的空间，并且因此从通过传感器的光学路径的至少一部分消除感兴趣的材料的环境量。 校准元件将校准辐射传递到光学传感器的一个或多个检测器，以便于校正一个或多个检测器感测辐射的方式中的任何变化。 还公开了光学感测方法，以及校准方法。

公开(公告)号：US07501630B2

公开(公告)日：2009-03-10

申请号：US11368832

申请日：2006-03-06

Applicant: James T. Russell

Inventor： James T. Russell

IPC: G01J5/08

CPC classification number: A61B5/083 ,  A61B5/0803 ,  A61B5/0833 ,  A61B5/0836 ,  A61B5/097 ,  A61B2562/0233 ,  A61B2562/166 ,  A61B2562/185 ,  G01J3/36 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/77 ,  G01N33/004 ,  G01N2021/6432 ,  G01N2021/7786

Abstract: A gas measurement system of this invention includes a housing adapted to be mounted on an airway adapter, and a luminescence quenching gas measurement assembly disposed in the housing. The luminescence quenching gas measurement assembly includes a source disposed in a first plane, and at least one detector also disposed in the first plane.

Abstract translation: 本发明的气体测量系统包括适于安装在气道适配器上的壳体和设置在壳体中的发光淬火气体测量组件。 发光淬火气体测量组件包括设置在第一平面中的源和至少一个检测器，其还设置在第一平面中。

公开(公告)号：US20070273887A1

公开(公告)日：2007-11-29

申请号：US11805074

申请日：2007-05-22

Applicant: James T. Russell

Inventor： James T. Russell

IPC: G01B9/02

CPC classification number: A61M16/08 ,  A61M16/0858 ,  A61M16/0866 ,  A61M2016/0027 ,  A61M2016/0036 ,  A61M2016/102 ,  G01B9/02023 ,  G01B2290/25 ,  G01F1/38 ,  G01F1/383 ,  G01F1/40 ,  G01L9/0077

Abstract: An airway adapter that comprises a housing and a pressure transducer. The housing comprises a flow path having a first end and a second end, a first pressure port that communicates with the flow path, and a second pressure port that communicates with the flow path. The first pressure port is spaced apart from the second pressure port. The flow restriction is disposed in the flow path between the first and second pressure ports that creates a pressure differential therebetween. The pressure transducer generates a signal that reflects the differential pressure created by the flow restriction between the first and second pressure ports, wherein the pressure transducer comprises an optical interferometer.

Abstract translation: 一种气道适配器，包括壳体和压力传感器。 壳体包括具有第一端和第二端的流路，与流路连通的第一压力端口和与流路连通的第二压力口。 第一压力口与第二压力口隔开。 流量限制设置在第一和第二压力端口之间的流动路径中，在它们之间产生压力差。 压力传感器产生反映由第一和第二压力端口之间的流动限制产生的压差的信号，其中压力传感器包括光学干涉仪。

公开(公告)号：US5926411A

公开(公告)日：1999-07-20

申请号：US920847

申请日：1997-08-29

Applicant: James T. Russell

Inventor： James T. Russell

IPC: G11C11/42 ,  G11C7/00 ,  G11C11/56 ,  G11C13/04 ,  G11C13/00

CPC classification number: G11C7/005 ,  G11C11/56 ,  G11C13/04 ,  G11C13/041

Abstract: An optical memory (10) is disclosed in which data is stored in an optical data layer (19) capable of selectively altering light such as by changeable transmissivity, reflectivity, polarization, and/or phase. The data is illuminated by controllable light sources (15) and an array of multi-surface imaging lenslets (21) project the image onto a common array of light sensors (27). Data is organized into a plurality of regions or patches (called pages) and by selective illumination of each data page, one of the lenslets (21) images the selected data page onto the light sensors (27). Light in the data image pattern strikes different ones of the arrayed light sensors (27), thereby outputting a pattern of binary bits in the form of electrical data signals. By selectively and sequentially illuminating different ones of the data regions (pages) on the data layer (19), correspondingly different data patterns are imaged by the corresponding lenslets (21) onto the common sensor array (27), thereby enabling many stored data pages to be retrieved by multiplexing at electro-optical speed.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种光学存储器（10），其中数据存储在能够通过可变的透射率，反射率，极化和/或相位选择性地改变光的光学数据层（19）中。 数据由可控光源（15）照明，并且多表面成像小透镜（21）的阵列将图像投影到共同的光传感器阵列（27）上。 数据被组织成多个区域或贴片（称为页面），并且通过选择性地照射每个数据页，其中一个小透镜（21）将选择的数据页映像到光传感器（27）上。 数据图像图案中的光照射阵列光传感器（27）中的不同的，从而以电数据信号的形式输出二进制位的图形。 通过选择性地和顺序地照射数据层（19）上的不同数据区域（页），相应的不同数据图案被相应的小透镜（21）成像到公共传感器阵列（27）上，从而使许多存储的数据页 以电光速度进行多路复用。

公开(公告)号：US5379266A

公开(公告)日：1995-01-03

申请号：US815924

申请日：1991-12-30

Applicant: James T. Russell

Inventor： James T. Russell

IPC: G11C11/42 ,  G11C7/00 ,  G11C11/56 ,  G11C13/04

CPC classification number: G11C7/005 ,  G11C11/56 ,  G11C13/04 ,  G11C13/041

Abstract: An optical memory is disclosed in which data is stored in an optical data layer capable of selectively altering light such as by changeable transmissivity, reflectivity, polarization, and/or phase. The data is illuminated by controllable light sources and an array of multi-surface imaging lenslets project the image onto a common array of light sensors. Data is organized into a plurality of regions or patches (called pages) and by selective illumination of each data page, one of the lenslets images the selected data page onto the light sensors. Light in the data image pattern strikes different ones of the arrayed light sensors, thereby outputting a pattern of binary bits in the form of electrical data signals. By selectively and sequentially illuminating different ones of the data regions (pages) on the data layer, correspondingly different data patterns are imaged by the corresponding lenslets onto the common sensor array, thereby enabling many stored data pages to be retrieved by multiplexing at electro-optical speed.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种光存储器，其中数据存储在能够选择性地改变光的光学数据层中，例如通过可变的透射率，反射率，极化和/或相位。 数据由可控光源照明，并且多表面成像小透镜的阵列将图像投影到共同的光传感器阵列上。 数据被组织成多个区域或贴片（称为页面），并且通过选择性地照射每个数据页面，其中一个小透镜将选择的数据页面图像到光传感器上。 数据图像图案中的光照射阵列光传感器中的不同的，从而以电数据信号的形式输出二进制位的图形。 通过选择性地并且顺序地照射数据层上的不同数据区域（页面），相应的不同数据模式被相应的小透镜成像到公共传感器阵列上，从而使许多存储的数据页可以通过电光复用 速度。

公开(公告)号：US5291471A

公开(公告)日：1994-03-01

申请号：US646412

申请日：1991-01-28

Applicant: James T. Russell

Inventor： James T. Russell

IPC: G11B7/00 ,  G11B7/004 ,  G11B7/0045 ,  G11B7/005 ,  G11B7/0065 ,  G11B7/007 ,  G11B7/013 ,  G11B7/12 ,  G11B7/13 ,  G11B7/14 ,  G11B7/26 ,  G11B21/08

CPC classification number: G11B7/013 ,  G11B7/004 ,  G11B7/00455 ,  G11B7/005 ,  G11B7/0052 ,  G11B7/0065 ,  G11B7/12 ,  G11B7/13 ,  G11B7/14 ,  G11B7/24085 ,  G11B7/261

Abstract: Apparatus and method for encoding information and recording same as sets of spaced and variably phased marks stored on the optical record wherein the encoded information is read by illuminating each set of such recorded marks with a coherent read light to cause an optical interference pattern consisting of a varying interval and amplitude distribution of lobe maxima separated by amplitude nulls (or minimas) that change in accordance with the encoded information. This read interference pattern is detected by photosensing diode arrays and after decoding, the system outputs an information signal representing the original information. Alternative embodiments store data as variable phase encoded information only in multi-mark sets, and both phase encoded and spatial encoded data in single, variable width, variable phased marks along a record track.

Abstract translation: 用于对信息进行编码并将其记录为存储在光学记录上的间隔和可变相位标记的集合的装置和方法，其中通过用相干读取光照亮每组这样的记录标记来读取编码信息，以产生由 由根据编码信息而变化的振幅零点（或最小值）分开的叶瓣最大值的变化的间隔和幅度分布。 该读取的干涉图案由光电二极管阵列检测并且在解码之后，系统输出表示原始信息的信息信号。 替代实施例将数据仅存储在多标记集合中的可变相位编码信息，以及沿着记录轨道的单个，可变宽度，可变相位标记中的相位编码和空间编码数据。

公开(公告)号：US4460989A

公开(公告)日：1984-07-17

申请号：US275717

申请日：1981-06-22

Applicant: James T. Russell

Inventor： James T. Russell

IPC: G11B7/09 ,  G11B7/00

CPC classification number: G11B7/0908 ,  G11B7/0945

Abstract: An apparatus for improving the focus of a digital optical record and playback system is described which provides plural simultaneous focal paths of different lengths for playing back or recording a digital optical data record. These focal paths may interact a common bit portion on a data record, successive bit positions in the same row of data on the record, or bit portions on adjacent tracks of data on the record. In certain embodiments, a selection circuit is utilized for evaluating the focal paths and selecting one which results in an improved focus. Data records having recorded bits of data of extended depth are also described to facilitate focusing during playback of the data record.

Abstract translation: 描述了一种用于改善数字光学记录和重放系统的焦点的装置，其提供用于回放或记录数字光学数据记录的不同长度的多个同时焦点路径。 这些焦点路径可以与数据记录上的公共位部分，记录上的同一行数据中的连续位位置或记录上相邻数据轨道上的位部分相互作用。 在某些实施例中，使用选择电路来评估焦点路径并选择导致改进焦点的路径。 还描述了具有扩展深度的数据的记录位的数据记录，以便在重放数据记录期间促进聚焦。

公开(公告)号：US4150397A

公开(公告)日：1979-04-17

申请号：US832837

申请日：1977-09-13

Applicant: James T. Russell

Inventor： James T. Russell

IPC: H04N5/84 ,  H04N5/926 ,  H04N7/36 ,  H04N9/804 ,  H04N9/806 ,  H04N5/76 ,  H04N7/12

CPC classification number: H04N9/8063 ,  H04N19/507 ,  H04N5/9262 ,  H04N9/8045 ,  H04N5/84

Abstract: A record and playback system for reducing repetition redundancy is described in which during recording, a partially repetitive signal, such as a television signal, is converted into digital data words each representing the signal occurring during a particular TV line subinterval. A comparator unit receives the data words and compares each received word with a word from a recirculating storage that corresponds to the same line subinterval in its frame as that of the compared received data word. When the compared words differ by a predetermined value, the received word replaces the stored word in the storage and is also stored in a changed data memory as an updated data word along with address words. A recording control circuit intermittently causes the read out of data from the changed data memory for recording at selected positions of a data record. The storage includes alternately operating first and second recirculating storages which each store a set of data words equal in number to the number of data words of one-half a TV frame. Audio data words are stored for recording during vertical blanking intervals of the signal. On playback, a record pickup intermittently reads data words from the record to a record pickup memory whenever this memory is nearly empty. A composite signal generator reconstructs the recorded television signal from data words it receives from the display storage and display control.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于减少重复冗余的记录和重放系统，其中在记录期间，诸如电视信号的部分重复信号被转换成数字数据字，每个数字数据字表示在特定TV线次间隔期间发生的信号。 比较器单元接收数据字，并将每个接收到的字与来自对应于其比较的接收数据字的帧中的同一行子区间的再循环存储器的字进行比较。 当比较字相差预定值时，接收到的字替换存储器中存储的字，并将其作为更新的数据字与地址字一起存储在改变的数据存储器中。 记录控制电路间歇地使来自改变的数据存储器的数据的读出在数据记录的选定位置进行记录。 存储装置包括交替地操作第一和第二再循环存储器，每个存储一组数据字数量与TV帧的一半数据字数相等。 在信号的垂直消隐间隔期间，存储用于记录的音频数据字。 在播放时，只要该存储器几乎为空，记录拾取器间歇性地将数据字从记录读取到记录拾取存储器。 复合信号发生器从其从显示存储和显示控制接收的数据字重建所记录的电视信号。